CN121753660A - A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation - Google Patents
A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivationInfo
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- CN121753660A CN121753660A CN202610179414.8A CN202610179414A CN121753660A CN 121753660 A CN121753660 A CN 121753660A CN 202610179414 A CN202610179414 A CN 202610179414A CN 121753660 A CN121753660 A CN 121753660A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shelter for planting high-density edible fungi, which relates to the technical field of edible fungi factory cultivation equipment, and comprises a shelter main body and an external environment control device, wherein a high-pressure cabin is arranged at one end of the interior of the shelter main body, a plurality of movable multi-layer planting shelves are arranged at the other end of the shelter main body, a plurality of continuous horizontal air channels which are different in height and extend from the high-pressure cabin to the negative-pressure cabin are formed when the multi-layer planting shelves are tightly gathered to one side of the high-pressure cabin, the environment control device integrates an air pipe and a fan system, a water tank system and a heat pump system, the inhalation, mixing and conveying of external air or internal air circulation can be realized, the air humidity is increased, the air temperature is regulated and controlled, and a dynamic pedestrian passageway is arranged in the shelter main body, so that picking operation is completed through moving goods. The invention realizes the maximization of planting space, uniform and accurate control of environment and mechanized operation, and remarkably improves the yield, quality and production efficiency of edible fungi.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus factory cultivation equipment, in particular to a high-density edible fungus intelligent planting shelter integrated with a modularized movable planting frame, a pressure cabin uniform air supply system, a total heat treatment air circulation and ventilation system and an ultrasonic wave refined humidification and nutrition supply system. .
Background
The industrial cultivation of edible fungi is an important direction of modern agricultural development, and is characterized in that a stable and controllable growth environment is created through artificial facilities, so that annual, standardized and high-efficiency production of the edible fungi is realized. Currently, the mainstream cultivation facilities have undergone evolution from traditional planting greenhouse to container-type environmental control shelter.
At first, edible fungi cultivation is mostly carried out in vegetable greenhouses, the mode is severely limited by natural climate, the edible fungi can be produced only in limited spring and autumn, key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and the like are severely fluctuated, accurate control cannot be carried out, and low yield, uneven quality, poor economic benefit and high risk are caused.
In order to break through the season limitation, the industry introduces a shelter based on a container structure and is provided with a large air conditioning system, so that the preliminary control of the environment is realized, and the development of the industry is promoted. However, the existing shelter is technically evolved from the traditional structure of the curing barn and the tobacco curing barn, and the environment control system has a plurality of inherent and interrelated defects, which severely restrict the further improvement of planting density, environment uniformity and production benefit. The following three aspects of mutual coupling are particularly shown:
First, the airflow organization and spatial layout are not reasonable, resulting in a very uneven distribution of environmental parameters. The existing shelter usually adopts a simple airflow mode of one-end air supply and one-end air return or top air return, and the size and the position of an air supply and return opening are designed roughly. In addition, the internal fungus shelf is of a fixed structure, and a fixed operation channel is required to be reserved, so that the phenomena of short circuit, vortex and dead angle of air flow in the cabin are serious. The result is that there is a significant gradient difference between the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration at different locations within the shelter, particularly between the bacteria sticks of different shelves. This non-uniformity forces the grower to have to reduce the planting density to avoid the edge effect, and at the same time, results in uneven fruiting, severely affecting the uniformity of yield and quality.
Secondly, environmental control logic is behind, and each parameter regulation and control mutually interfere, and the precision is low. The existing system usually adopts direct spraying of cold water into the cabin for humidification, the particle size of the humidifying water drops is large, a water film is easily formed on the surface of the mushroom body, respiration is inhibited, even diseases are caused, meanwhile, the cold water spraying can directly lead to sudden temperature drop in the cabin, and severe temperature fluctuation is caused. In ventilation, it is common to directly pressurize untreated outdoor air into the cabin to remove carbon dioxide, which introduces a great temperature shock in summer or winter, severely damaging the stable growth environment of mycelium and fruiting bodies. The temperature, humidity and gas control means mutually pull the elbows, so that the decoupling precision control cannot be realized.
Thirdly, the facility intellectualization and mechanization degree are low, and short plates exist for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests. The existing shelter lacks effective sterilization treatment for entering air and humidifying water, and has high disease risk. Meanwhile, the upper and lower frames, transition and daily management of the fungus sticks mainly depend on manual work, so that the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low. The lack of accurate light regulation and nutrition supplementing means aiming at different growth stages of edible fungi limits the quality improvement and variety expansion.
In summary, the existing square cabin for edible fungi planting has systematic defects in the aspects of space utilization rate, environmental uniformity, control accuracy, production automation and the like. Therefore, a new design scheme of a shelter for planting high-density edible fungi is urgently needed, and the following core technical problems must be solved simultaneously:
1. how to reconstruct the air flow organization and the space layout in the cabin, and ensure the high uniformity of the temperature, the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration of each growing microenvironment while realizing the ultra-high density planting.
2. How to design an environment control logic which is efficient, energy-saving and non-interfering with each other, thoroughly eliminates temperature and humidity fluctuation caused by humidification and ventilation processes, and realizes independent and accurate regulation and control of all environment parameters.
3. How to integrate modularization, mechanical design, air/water purification, accurate light supplementing and nutrition supplying functions, thereby constructing an intelligent complete system with low disease risk and suitable for large-scale efficient production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a shelter for high-density edible fungi planting, which is used for solving the systematic technical problems of uneven distribution of environmental parameters, low control precision, insufficient space utilization, low mechanization degree and the like, and is characterized in that an intelligent planting unit which is highly controllable, uniform in environment and suitable for mechanized operation is constructed by integrating a modularized movable planting frame system, a directional uniform air supply system based on a pressure cabin, a full heat treatment dual-mode air circulation system and an ultrasonic wave refined humidifying and nutrition supplying system, so that the ultra-high-density edible fungi planting is realized, and meanwhile, the accurate, stable and efficient control of the growth environment is ensured.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
The shelter for planting the high-density edible fungi comprises a shelter main body and an environment control device;
One end of the shelter main body is provided with a split door plate, and the other end is provided with an environment control device mounting port; a hyperbaric chamber is arranged at one side of the shelter main body, which is close to the installation opening of the environment control device; a negative pressure cabin is arranged at one side of the container body close to the split door plates; when all the multi-layer planting shelves are tightly gathered towards one side of the hyperbaric chamber, a plurality of continuous horizontal air channels which are different in height and extend from the hyperbaric chamber to the negative pressure chamber are formed between the same-layer trays of all the multi-layer planting shelves;
The environment control device is an independent box body structure arranged outside the shelter main body and is connected with the shelter main body through an installation port of the environment control device, and an air pipe and a fan system for realizing the suction, mixing and conveying of external air or the circulation of internal air are integrated inside the environment control device, a water tank system matched with the air pipe and the fan system and capable of increasing air humidity, and a heat pump system matched with the water tank system of the air pipe and the fan system and used for regulating and controlling air temperature.
Further, the air pipe and fan system comprises an axial flow fan, a three-way air pipe, an induced air pipeline, an air supply channel and an air return pipeline, wherein the induced air pipeline can introduce external air, the air supply channel is communicated with the hyperbaric chamber through an installation port of the shelter main body, the air supply channel can send air into the hyperbaric chamber, and the air return pipeline can suck the air in the hyperbaric chamber;
The air box, the axial flow fan and the condenser cover form an air supply channel communicated with the hyperbaric chamber, and electric air valves for controlling on-off are arranged in the air guide pipeline and the air return pipeline.
Further, the induced air pipe is provided with an air filter at an inlet for introducing external air.
Further, the condenser part of the heat pump system is arranged in the box body structure and is thermally coupled with the air pipe and the air supply channel of the fan system, and the condenser heats or cools all air flowing through the air supply channel;
The heat pump system comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator and a vertical liquid storage tank, wherein the evaporator is partially exposed out of a box body structure of the environment control device, a condenser is arranged on the front side of the box body structure through a condenser cover plate and is positioned in an air supply channel, and the evaporator and the condenser are connected with a four-way valve, the compressor and the vertical liquid storage tank through pipelines to form a complete refrigerant circulation loop.
Further, a plurality of groups of auxiliary electric heating pipes are arranged in the condenser cover plate and positioned between the condenser and the bellows.
The water tank system comprises a water tank, an ultrasonic generator, a water inlet pipeline, a drainage pipeline and a nutrient solution adding module, wherein the ultrasonic generator, the water inlet pipeline, the drainage pipeline and the nutrient solution adding module are arranged in the water tank, the water tank is a water tank with an opening at the top, the opening of the water tank extends into an air supply channel to be communicated with the air supply channel, the water tank is positioned between an axial flow fan and a condenser, mist generated by the ultrasonic generator can flow through the condenser and then enter a shelter main body, the water tank is connected with the water inlet pipeline and the drainage pipeline, the water inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with the water inlet purifier and the pipeline type ultraviolet sterilizer, and the nutrient solution adding module comprises a nutrient solution container and a peristaltic pump for quantitatively injecting nutrient solution into the water tank.
Further, the box body structure of the environment control device comprises a base, upright posts arranged at four corners of the base, a top cover arranged at the top of the upright posts, and side plates covered on the peripheral side of the box body structure, wherein cross beams are arranged on the two sides and the rear side of the box body structure, and the two ends of the cross beams are fixedly connected with the upright posts;
the box body structure is internally provided with a distribution box for supplying power and controlling the air pipe, the fan system, the heat pump system and the water tank system, and the two sides of the box body structure are provided with a dustproof net with an aluminum alloy frame and an access door.
The high-pressure cabin is characterized in that the high-pressure cabin is a region partitioned by a partition plate at the other end of the shelter main body, air outlets corresponding to each layer of continuous horizontal air channels one by one are arranged on the partition plate, the high-pressure cabin is an air-ground region, an air return opening matched with a fan system is arranged above the region, and an exhaust fan is arranged at the air return opening.
Furthermore, a pedestrian passageway which is arranged side by side with a plurality of multi-layer planting shelves is arranged between the hyperbaric chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the shelter main body;
When the edible mushrooms are picked, the pedestrian passageway forms an L-shaped or T-shaped line area by moving each multi-layer planting shelf backward row by row.
Further, a pulley is arranged at the bottom of the multi-layer planting shelf, a light supplementing device is arranged above the tray, and a hoisting interface is arranged on the side face of the tray.
Compared with the prior art, the high-density edible fungus planting shelter provided by the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects that the modular movable planting shelf and the dynamic air duct system, the full-heat treatment dual-mode air circulation and ventilation system and the ultrasonic wave refined humidification and nutrition supply system are systematically integrated:
1. the method realizes the extreme utilization of the planting space and the uniformity of the growth environment, and fundamentally solves the defect that the airflow organization of the existing shelter is unreasonable;
the planting density is revolutionarily improved, namely the dynamic conversion between a planting mode and an operation mode is realized by adopting a movable multi-layer planting shelf and combining a fixed pedestrian passageway with an openable sealing curtain design. Under the planting mode, all the multi-layer planting shelves are tightly gathered, so that the effective planting area of the shelter main body is maximized, and ultra-high density planting is realized.
The air flow structure is uniform and stable, namely when the multi-layer planting shelves are gathered, a plurality of continuous horizontal air channels with different heights extending from the high-pressure cabin to the negative-pressure cabin are naturally formed among the trays of each layer, and the equal amount and equal pressure of air can be ensured to be uniformly distributed to each layer of continuous horizontal air channels. The air flow forms stable and unidirectional laminar flow under the suction effect of the negative pressure cabin exhaust fan. The design thoroughly eliminates the dead angle of air flow, vortex and upper and lower temperature difference in the traditional shelter, ensures that the concentration of temperature, humidity and CO 2 is in the three-dimensional space of the shelter, particularly between different layers of planting shelves, has uniform distribution height, provides a highly consistent stable growth environment for edible fungi, and thereby remarkably improves the quality and the total yield of the edible fungi.
2. The precise, decoupling and stable control of environmental parameters are realized, and the mutual interference among all control loops is thoroughly eliminated;
Constant temperature and high-efficiency ventilation, and intelligent dual-mode air circulation is realized by arranging an induced air pipeline and an air return pipeline with electric air valves. When CO 2 is required to be discharged, outdoor fresh air is sucked in, flows through a condenser of the heat pump system to be preheated or precooled, and is sent into the high-pressure cabin after the temperature of the fresh air is consistent with the set temperature of the cabin, and meanwhile, an exhaust fan of the high-pressure cabin is synchronously started to discharge the same amount of high-concentration CO 2 air. The ventilation logic of the total heat treatment and isothermal replacement completely avoids severe temperature fluctuation in the cabin caused by directly introducing fresh air, and particularly ensures the environmental stability in summer and winter.
Constant temperature and nondestructive humidification, namely, generating micron-sized cold fog by adopting an ultrasonic humidifier, and arranging the micron-sized cold fog in an air supply channel between a fan and a condenser. Mist is generated along with air flow, flows through a condenser for temperature adjustment, and finally is sent into the cabin in a saturated air form with set temperature and humidity. The process of atomization before temperature adjustment fundamentally solves the problem of sudden drop of cabin temperature caused by traditional spray humidification, realizes complete independence and accuracy of humidity control, and ensures that fine water mist does not form a water film on the surface of edible fungi, thereby avoiding diseases caused by humidification.
3. An intelligent, mechanized and biosafety complete production system is constructed, and the production efficiency and the product safety are obviously improved;
And the mechanical and 'goods arrival' operation is that forklift rings are arranged on two sides of the tray and are matched with the goods shelves capable of moving integrally, so that heavy physical operations such as loading, unloading, transferring and the like of fungus sticks can be realized, the forklift can be matched with a crane for carrying, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The unique dynamic manway formation maximizes shelter utilization.
The RGB adjustable light bands are integrated at the top of each layer of tray, so that the spectrum, intensity and period of illumination can be accurately regulated and controlled according to the requirements of different strains and different growth stages, and the shape, color and nutritional ingredients of the edible fungi are optimized. The peristaltic pump is used for accurately adding the nutrient solution into the ultrasonic humidifying water tank, so that additional fertilization of edible fungi in a nutrient aerosol mode is realized, the absorption efficiency is high, and the dosage is accurate and controllable.
A double biological safety barrier is characterized in that an air filter is additionally arranged at an outdoor fresh air inlet to effectively block dust, sundry fungus spores and pests, and a hollow fiber filter and an ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series on a water inlet pipeline of an ultrasonic humidifier to ensure that atomization water is sterile and free of sundry. An effective pathogen isolation barrier is established from two key inlets of air and water sources, so that the risk of disease occurrence is obviously reduced, the dependence on chemical pesticides is reduced, and the green and safe production of edible fungi is ensured.
In summary, through a series of innovative designs, the invention systematically solves the core problems of low planting density, uneven environment, rough control, low efficiency and the like in the prior art, provides a complete solution for industrial cultivation of edible fungi suitable for large-scale, intelligent and efficient production, and has extremely high economic benefit and popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shelter for high-density edible fungi planting;
Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic internal structures of the shelter for planting high-density edible fungi;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an end face structure of a shelter for high-density edible fungi cultivation;
Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic views of the overall structure of the environment control device of the edible fungi planting shelter;
Fig. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are schematic views of the internal structure of the environment control device of the edible fungi planting shelter;
In the figure, a 1-shelter main body and a 2-environment control device;
11-split door plates, 12-an environment control device mounting port, 13-a high-pressure cabin, 14-a negative-pressure cabin, 15-a multi-layer planting shelf, 16-a tray, 17-a continuous horizontal air duct and 18-a pedestrian passageway;
131-baffle plate, 132-air outlet, 141-air return;
21-wind pipe and fan systems, 22-heat pump systems, 23-water tank systems, 24-auxiliary electric heating pipes, 25-distribution boxes, 26-bases, 27-upright posts, 28-top covers, 29-side plates, 30-cross beams, 31-dustproof nets and 32-access doors;
211-an axial flow fan, 212-a three-way air pipe, 213-an induced air pipeline, 214-an air supply channel, 215-an air return pipeline, 216-an electric air valve, 217-an air filter and 218-an air box;
221-evaporator, 222-condenser, 223-condenser cover plate, 224-four-way valve, 225-compressor, 226-first vertical liquid storage tank, 227-second vertical liquid storage tank, 228-gas-liquid separator, 229-filter;
231-water tank, 232-water inlet purifier, 233-pipeline ultraviolet sterilizer, 234-water inlet pipeline and 235-water draining pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which are based on embodiments of the invention and which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
The shelter for planting the high-density edible fungi is characterized in that the shelter is integrated with a system through structural innovation, and is highly controllable in environment and efficient in space utilization. The concrete structure of the shelter for planting the high-density edible fungi is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the shelter for planting high-density edible fungi mainly comprises a shelter main body 1 and an environment control device 2:
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the shelter body 1 is generally formed by modifying a thermal insulation container body, one end of the shelter body is provided with a split door panel 11 for personnel to enter and exit and for materials to be carried, and the other end of the shelter body is provided with an environment control device mounting port 12. The shelter body 1 is divided into three functional areas along the length direction, namely a high-pressure cabin 13 is arranged on one side close to an environment control device mounting port 12, a negative-pressure cabin 14 is arranged on one side close to a split door plate 11, and a planting operation area is arranged between the high-pressure cabin 13 and the negative-pressure cabin 14.
In the planting work area, a fixed manway 18 and several rows of movable multi-layer planting racks 15 are arranged in parallel. Both the pedestrian passageway 18 and the multi-layer planting shelf 15 extend in the direction in which the high-pressure cabin 13 is directed to the negative-pressure cabin 14, i.e., in the longitudinal direction of the cabin body 1. The pulleys are mounted at the bottom of the multi-layer planting shelf 15, two parallel tracks are preset on the ground of the shelter main body 1, and the pulleys are matched with the tracks, so that each multi-layer planting shelf 15 can independently move back and forth along the tracks.
The core working principle is that the environment control device 2 performs forced and sequential 'sucking mixing- & gt ultrasonic humidification- & gt heat pump temperature adjustment' cooperative treatment on air as shown by an arrow in fig. 3, generates air with the temperature, humidity and cleanliness meeting requirements, uniformly distributes the air through the hyperbaric chamber 13 to form stable and unidirectional laminar flow, horizontally penetrates through each layer of continuous horizontal air channels 17 formed by the gathering of the multi-layer planting shelves 15, and finally is uniformly drawn back in the negative pressure chamber 14 to form a high-efficiency and uniform closed cycle. Each subsystem is described in detail below.
The core subsystem is described in detail as follows:
1. movable planting shelf and dynamic air duct system:
each row of multi-layer planting shelves 15 is an independent steel structure frame and is provided with a plurality of layers of trays 16, and each layer is provided with a drawable tray 16 for bearing bacteria sticks.
Dynamic sealing and air duct formation in the planting mode all multi-layered planting racks 15 are moved along the rails by pulleys in the direction of the hyperbaric chamber 13 until they are tightly packed together. At this time, gaps between adjacent shelves and between shelves and bulkheads are minimized. More importantly, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the edges of the same-layer trays 16 of each multi-layer planting shelf 15 are close to or contact with each other, and a plurality of continuous horizontal air channels 17 extending from the hyperbaric chamber 13 to the negative pressure chamber 14 with different heights are formed between the same-layer trays 16 of each multi-layer planting shelf 15. One end of the continuous horizontal air channels 17 is matched with the air outlet 132 of the high-pressure cabin 13, and the other end is communicated with the negative pressure cabin 14.
Operation mode conversion, a transparent sealing curtain which can be opened and closed is hung between the pedestrian passageway 18 and each multi-layer planting shelf 15, and the sealing curtain is not shown in the drawing. In daily planting, the sealing curtain is closed to separate the pedestrian passageway 18 from each multi-layer planting shelf 15, so that the air flow stability of each continuous horizontal air channel 17 is ensured. When edible fungi are required to be managed or picked, the sealing curtain is opened, and as shown in fig. 3, each multi-layer planting shelf 15 is sequentially moved toward the negative pressure cabin 14. For example, when the first row of multi-layer planting racks 15 closest to the hyperbaric chamber 13 is to be managed, all the multi-layer planting racks 15 can be moved backward, the picking operation space is formed by the close contact position of the original racks, and the pedestrian path 18 is expanded to an L-shaped or T-shaped line, so that the 'goods to people' operation is realized. After the edible fungi picking operation is finished, each multi-layer planting shelf 15 is reset, the sealing curtain is closed, and the high-density planting state is restored.
In the preferred technical scheme of the embodiment, an RGB adjustable light band is arranged above each tray 16 of each multi-layer planting shelf 15, so that accurate light supplementing can be performed, and lifting interfaces, such as lifting rings, are arranged on two sides of each tray 16, so that the whole tray mechanized transportation can be conveniently carried by a forklift in cooperation with lifting.
2. The environment control device 2:
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the environmental control device 2 is a separate box structure mounted outside the shelter main body 1, and is hermetically connected to the environmental control device mounting port 12 of the shelter main body 1 through an air supply port on the front side thereof. This external design maximizes the release of the shelter interior planting space. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the box structure of the environmental control apparatus 2 includes a base 26, a column 27, a top cover 28, side plates 29, and a cross beam 30, and ventilation openings and access doors 32 with dust screens 31 are provided on both sides of the box structure of the environmental control apparatus 2.
The environment control device 2 integrates the following core systems inside:
Air duct and fan system 21 as shown in fig. 7, 9 and 10, the air duct and fan system 21 is an air flow driving and distributing core, and comprises the following components:
Axial flow fan 211 is a model with large air volume and low noise, such as FDF-500 type axial flow fan of Guangdong bergamot ventilation equipment. The axial flow fan 211 is fixedly installed in a bellows 218 made of sheet metal through a fan bracket. Bellows 218 acts as a flow collection and plenum chamber, open on the front side. Air supply passage 214 a condenser cover plate 223 having a flared box structure is mounted to the front opening of bellows 218, and the front side of condenser cover plate 223 is exposed to the outside of the box structure of environmental control device 2 for connection with environmental control device mounting port 12 of shelter main body 1. The axial flow fan 211, the bellows 218, and the condenser shroud 223 together constitute the air supply passage 214. The air supply passage 214 directly communicates with the high-pressure chamber 13, and is the only path through which the treated air is supplied to the shelter body 1. The three-way air pipe 212, wherein the three-way air pipe 212 is a three-way pipe fitting made of PVC or galvanized iron sheet, the lower end of the three-way air pipe 212 is in sealing connection with the top opening at the rear side of the air box 218, and the air box 218 can be connected with an induced air pipeline 213 and an air return pipeline 215 through the three-way air pipe 212. The induced air pipeline 213, the induced air pipeline 213 is connected to a horizontal joint of the three-way air pipe 212, and the pipe end of the induced air pipeline 213 extends to the outside of the box structure for introducing outdoor fresh air. As a preferred technical solution, as shown in fig. 5, an air filter 217, for example, a sub-city YD-AF350 type primary composite filter screen, is installed at the nozzle for filtering pollutants such as dust and spores. Return line 215 the return line 215 is connected to the other horizontal port of the three-way air duct 212. As shown in fig. 2, the return line 215 extends into the negative pressure compartment 14 inside the shelter body 1 for sucking air inside the negative pressure compartment 14. As shown in fig. 7, 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, a hall VBF series electric control damper is installed at the position of the induced air duct 213 and the return air duct 215 near the three-way air duct 212. By controlling the opening and closing and the opening of the two air valves, a pure internal circulation mode, a pure fresh air mode or a mixed mode can be realized, so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the shelter can be flexibly adjusted.
Heat pump system 22 as shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the heat pump system 22 is a core for temperature regulation, and adopts the air source heat pump principle, and comprises the following components:
Condenser 222 is used as an indoor heat exchanger of the system, and a copper pipe aluminum fin type heat exchanger is adopted. The condenser 222 is fixedly installed at the front opening of the condenser cover plate 223 of the air supply passage 214, and the fin surfaces of the condenser 222 are perpendicular to the air flow direction, so that the heat exchange, i.e., the heat coupling, with the air flowing through the air supply passage 214 is ensured. Evaporator 221 the evaporator 221 is used as the outdoor heat exchanger of the system, and is also copper pipe aluminum fin type, the external force rotor part of the evaporator 221 is exposed outside the box body structure of the environment control device 2, and exchanges heat with the external air. Compressor 225 the compressor 225 is a high efficiency scroll compressor, such as a valley wheel ZP series, secured to the base 26 to provide the refrigerant circulation power. The pipeline part comprises an evaporator 221, a condenser 222, a first vertical liquid storage tank 226, a second vertical liquid storage tank 227, a gas-liquid separator 228, a compressor 225 and a four-way valve 224, wherein the evaporator 221 is connected with the four-way valve 224 through a pipeline, the condenser 222 is connected with the first vertical liquid storage tank 226 and the four-way valve 224 through a pipeline, the first vertical liquid storage tank 226 is connected with the second vertical liquid storage tank 227 through a pipeline and a filter 229, the second vertical liquid storage tank 227 is connected with the evaporator 221 through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator 228 is connected with the compressor 225 and the four-way valve 224 through a pipeline. The complete refrigerant circulation system is formed by the connection of the pipelines. And an electronic expansion valve is also arranged on the pipeline and used for precisely throttling and controlling the flow of the refrigerant.
Sink system 23 as shown in fig. 7, 9 and 10, sink system 23 is responsible for providing a clean humidified mist, which includes the following components:
Water tank 231 as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the water tank 231 is a stainless steel water tank with an open top, the water tank 231 is fixedly mounted on the base 26 and is positioned below the condenser cover plate 223, the open top of the water tank 231 extends to the condenser cover plate 223, and the opening is just positioned between the air outlet side of the axial flow fan 211 and the air inlet side of the condenser 222. Ultrasonic generator, not shown in the figure, the ultrasonic generator adopts a plurality of groups of ultrasonic atomizing sheets, and is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 231, and the model can adopt Shenzhen fog king AS-200 series. In operation, cold mist with particle size of 1-5 microns is produced. As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the water inlet purifier 232 is arranged on the base 26, and the Byter BF-10 hollow fiber ultrafiltration water purifier is selected for effectively filtering out impurities such as bacteria, colloid and the like. As shown in FIG. 10, the pipe type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 is installed at the rear side of the water tank 231, and the pipe type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 is connected in series to the water inlet pipe 234 and positioned behind the water inlet purifier 232, and is of the type JX-UVC-40W, which is New Yongjia, to instantaneously sterilize water flowing therethrough. In the embodiment, a water inlet pipeline 234 and a water drain pipeline 235 are made of metal hoses, a water inlet on the upright post 27, a water inlet purifier 232 and a water inlet of a pipeline type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 to a water tank 231 are sequentially connected through the metal hoses to form the water inlet pipeline 234, and a water drain hard pipe on the base 26 is connected with a water outlet of the water tank 231 through the metal hoses to form the water drain pipeline 235.
As a preferred technical scheme, a nutrient solution adding module is further arranged in the box structure, and the nutrient solution adding module comprises a nutrient solution container and a lange peristaltic pump, which are not shown in the figure. The injection end of the peristaltic pump is connected to the water tank 231 through a hose, so that the nutrient solution can be accurately pumped in a set proportion.
Auxiliary system the auxiliary system comprises the following components:
Auxiliary electric heating tube 24 As shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary electric heating tube 24 is a plurality of sets of stainless steel electric heating tubes, and is installed in the condenser cover plate 223 at a position between the condenser 222 and the bellows 218. When the ambient temperature is extremely low and the heating capacity of the heat pump is insufficient, the heat pump is started to assist in heating the air flow, so that the air supply temperature is ensured. The auxiliary electric heating pipe 24 is of a type of a heating energy SRQ.
And the distribution box 25 is shown in fig. 9 and 10, wherein the distribution box 25 is integrated in the box body and is provided with a circuit breaker, a contactor, a PLC controller or a temperature and humidity controller, a frequency converter and the like, and is used for receiving sensor signals in a cabin and cooperatively controlling all components such as a fan, a heat pump, a humidifier, a blast gate and the like.
The core flow and function of the control device is that the ultrasonic generator generates micron-sized cold mist, which is blown by the air flow in the air supply channel 214 and then flows through the condenser 222. At the condenser 222, the air and mist are uniformly conditioned. The process of atomization before temperature adjustment ensures that the mist is subjected to temperature adaptation before being sent into the shelter, thoroughly avoids the sudden drop of the shelter temperature caused by traditional spraying, and realizes nondestructive and constant-temperature humidification. The nutrient solution can be atomized and then fed along with the air flow, so that the air fertilizer function is realized.
3. Pressure cabin and even air supply system:
Hyperbaric chamber 13 as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the hyperbaric chamber 13 in this embodiment is formed by a vertically arranged partition 131 in the shelter body 1. The partition plate 131 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 132, and the number and the height of the air outlets 132 are strictly corresponding to the continuous horizontal air channels 17 of each layer one by one. By adjusting the opening size of each air outlet 132, the air quantity distributed to the corresponding layer of air channels can be precisely controlled, so that uniform air supply of each layer is realized.
Negative pressure compartment 14 as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the negative pressure compartment 14 in this embodiment is an open area at the end of all the continuous horizontal air channels 17. The top of the air return pipe is provided with an air return port 141, and the air return port 141 is connected with an air return pipeline 215. The air outlet 141 is provided with an exhaust fan, and the exhaust fan is arranged to maintain stable negative pressure in the area, like a suction nozzle, and uniformly sucks air flowing through each layer of continuous horizontal air channels 17 into the air supply channel 214, so that the uniformity of longitudinal distribution of air flow is ensured.
In combination with the above detailed description of each part of the shelter for high-density edible fungi planting, the working flow of the shelter for high-density edible fungi planting is as follows:
The air treatment process is that the axial flow fan 211 is started, and outdoor fresh air and/or cabin return air are/is sucked in proportion by controlling the electric air valve 216. The mixed air flow first passes through the opening of the water tank 231 and carries the normal-temperature micro mist generated by ultrasonic waves. This stream of humid air is then forced through a condenser 222 where it is heated or cooled to a set temperature while the mist is "baked" into a vapor at the same temperature as the air. Finally, clean air with precisely controllable temperature and humidity is sent into the high-pressure cabin 13 through the air supply channel 214.
The problem of uneven air flow and density is solved, namely, the treated air is distributed to each continuous horizontal air duct 17 in parallel and equal amount under the static pressure of the high-pressure chamber 13 through an air outlet 132 which is designed to be uniform flow on a partition plate 131. Under suction of the negative pressure chamber 14, a stable, unidirectional laminar flow is formed, forcing horizontal penetration of each layer of bacteria sticks. The forced horizontal uniform air supply mode thoroughly eliminates vertical temperature difference and air flow dead angles, so that the temperature, humidity and air of the environment where the fungus sticks at any position in the cabin are positioned are consistent in height. Therefore, without reducing the density to avoid the edge effect, all the space is available for planting, and ultra-high density planting is achieved.
The problems of control interference and fluctuation are solved by adopting ultrasonic dry fog humidification for humidity control, generating fog in the air supply channel 214 firstly, and then regulating temperature through the condenser 222, so that the 'cold water cooling' effect of traditional spraying is avoided, and the 'decoupling' and constant-temperature humidification of humidity regulation to a temperature system are realized. For ventilation control, fresh air is preheated or precooled through the condenser 222 during ventilation, and then is fed after reaching the temperature consistent with the set temperature in the cabin, and meanwhile, an exhaust fan is started for equivalent replacement. The logic of the isothermal replacement of the total heat treatment completely isolates the impact of the outdoor air temperature to the environment in the cabin. Aiming at the comprehensive effect, three key parameters of temperature, humidity and CO 2 concentration can be subjected to cooperative treatment before air is sent out, so that independent, accurate and stable regulation and control are realized, and mutual interference is avoided.
The intelligent and safe production is realized, the light supplementing of RGB (red, green and blue) is realized, the light period and the spectrum are precisely regulated and controlled, the high-efficiency additional fertilizer is realized by the gas atomization of nutrient solution, the water and gas double biological safety barrier is constructed by the air filter 217 and the waterway purification and disinfection equipment, the multilayer planting shelf 15 can be integrally moved out of the shelter main body 1 after the open door plate 11 is opened, the design of a lifting interface of the multilayer planting shelf 15 and the tray 16 is realized, a foundation is provided for mechanical and automatic operation, and the production efficiency and the product safety are remarkably improved.
In summary, through the above specific embodiments, the invention constructs a high-density edible fungus planting shelter which is totally innovated from space layout, airflow organization to environment control logic, systematically solves the systematic technical problems of uneven distribution of environmental parameters, low control precision, insufficient space utilization, low mechanization degree and the like, and has remarkable practicability and advancement.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, based on the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, can be replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202610179414.8A CN121753660A (en) | 2026-02-09 | 2026-02-09 | A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202610179414.8A CN121753660A (en) | 2026-02-09 | 2026-02-09 | A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN121753660A true CN121753660A (en) | 2026-03-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202610179414.8A Pending CN121753660A (en) | 2026-02-09 | 2026-02-09 | A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN121753660A (en) |
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2026
- 2026-02-09 CN CN202610179414.8A patent/CN121753660A/en active Pending
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