Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing in detail the present invention is described in detail.Fig. 1 is fit to the unitary side view of permanent-magnet slewing motor of the present invention as the motor scooter of its starter dynamo device.
Vehicular body front 3a is connected the vehicle frame that constitutes the car body backbone with rear vehicle 3b by low base plate 4, is to be made of with house steward 7 down pipe 6 basically.Fuel tank and storage box (all not shown) are by house steward's 7 supportings, and house steward 7 tops are provided with seat 8.
At Vehicular body front 3a, the side is provided with the handle 11 of being done the axle supporting by steering yoke 5 thereon, and extends front frame 12 in the below, and there is the front-wheel FW of axle supporting the lower end of front frame 12.
The top of handle 11 is by the handle cover cover that is also used as instrument board.The lower end of house steward 7 riser portions is being provided with carriage 15 highlightedly, and the suspension 12 of carriage 15 by 16 pairs of swing units of linkage component done the connection that freely swings.
The front portion of swing unit 2 is provided with the internal combustion engine E of single-cylinder double stroke.Constitute stepless change backwards from internal combustion engine E and connected machine 26.Connect mechanism 27 pair trailing wheel RWs by centrifugal clutch by set subtracting at its rear portion and do the axle supporting.Between upper end that subtracts mechanism 27 of company and house steward's 7 upper bend section, be provided with posterior bumper 22.Be provided with and carburetor 24 that links to each other from the extended air intake duct 23 of internal combustion engine E and the air filter 25 that is connected with carburetor 24 in the front portion of swing unit 2.
Fig. 2 is a profile of cutting above-mentioned swing unit 2 along bent axle 201 open, represents part identical or that be equal to label identical among the preceding figure.
Swing unit 2 covers the crankcase 202 that is combined into by left and right sides crankcase 202L, 202R, the supporting that bent axle 201 can be rotated freely by bearing 208,209 works that are fixed among the crankcase 202R in crankcase 202R.Bent axle 201 is connected with connecting rod (not shown) by crank-pin 231.
Left crankcase 202L is also used as the belt-type infinitely variable transmission, and the belt pulley 210 of belt drives is being set on the bent axle 201 that extends to left crankcase 202L pivotally.Belt pulley 210 is made up of the half-pulley 210L of fixation side and the half-pulley 210R of movable side, fixation side half-pulley 210 is fixed in the left part of bent axle 201 by boss 211, on its right side, movable side half-pulley 210R is fitted on the bent axle 201 through spline, and can be approaching with fixation side half-pulley 210L/deviate from.Between two half-pulley 210L and 210R, stride around V belt 212.
Right side at movable side half-pulley 210R, cam disc 215 is fixed on the bent axle 201, be located at its outer sliding part 215a and combining that the cam disc slip boss portion 210Ra that forms vertically does to be free to slide on movable side half-pulley 210R outer circumference end with end, the cam disc 215 of movable side half-pulley 210R has near periphery to the oblique conical surface of cam disc 215 1 square necks, and this conical surface is being taken in dry weight ball 216 with the movable space between the half-pulley 210R.
Rotating speed increase when bent axle 201, movable side half-pulley 210R between cam disc 215, rotates on be connected in heavy ball 216 and move along centrifugal direction owing to centrifugal force, movable side half-pulley 210R is for moving to left in heavy ball 216 compressings, 210L is approaching with the fixation side half-pulley, the result, the V belt 212 that is sandwiched between two half-pulley 210L and 210R just moves along centrifugal direction, and it is striden around enlarged diameter.
Be provided with belt pulley 210 corresponding driven pulleies (not shown) with above-mentioned belt drives at vehicle rear, V belt 212 is striden around to this driven pulley.By this belt gear, the kinetic force of internal combustion engine E is regulated automatically and is passed to centrifugal clutch, drives trailing wheel RW by aforesaid reducing gear.
In right crankcase 202R, be provided with the starter dynamo that starting motor is become with alternator combination and send out and put 1. and in starter Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 1, external rotor 60 is fixed on the front end tapering of bent axle 201 by bolt 253.The internal stator 50 of being located at above-mentioned external rotor 60 inboards is screwed togather by bolt 279 and is supported in the crankcase 202.The structure of relevant this starter dynamo device 1 describes in detail referring to Fig. 3~7 in the back.
The skirt section of the central conus portion 280a of fan 280 is fixed on the external rotor 60 by bolt 246, and fan 280 is covered by fan guard 281 by radiator 282.
Between starter dynamo device 1 and bearing 209, be fixed with sprocket wheel 231 on the bent axle 201, on this sprocket wheel 231, stride chain around the camshaft (not shown) that is used for driving by bent axle 201, in addition, above-mentioned sprocket wheel 213 is and is used for forming whole for the gear 232 of the pump that makes lubrication oil circulation transmission of power.
Fig. 3 and 4 is respectively partial plan layout and the side cutaway view thereof on the gyroaxis vertical plane of starter dynamo device 1 (permanent-magnet slewing motor), Fig. 5 and 6 is respectively the plane graph and the partial enlarged drawing thereof of rotor yoke iron, and as hereinbefore label is represented part identical or that be equal among each figure.
The starter dynamo device 1 of this form of implementation is shown in Fig. 3 and 4, by stator 50 and turn round recessed external rotor 60 along stator 50 peripheries and constitute, this external rotor 60 comprises as Fig. 4 and the rotor yoke iron 61 that ring-type silicon steel sheet (thin slice) lamination is become cylindric formation shown in 5; The N utmost point permanent magnet 62N and the permanent magnet 62S of S portion of mutual plug-in mounting in the portion 611 of set along rotor yoke iron 61 circumferencial directions many hole shown in Fig. 3 and 7; Ring-shaped rotor shell 63 as described in aforementioned rotor yoke iron 61 is connected to shown in Fig. 3 and 4 on the bent axle 201.
Possessing in the circumferential ends of above-mentioned rotor case 63 has claw 63a, by making this claw 63a inwardly tortuous, the rotor yoke iron 61 of above-mentioned laminated construction just is subjected to clamping vertically, (62N 62S) then remains in institute's allocation in the rotor yoke iron 61 and be plugged in each permanent magnet 62 in the above-mentioned hole portion of passing on sub-yoke 61 611.
Said stator 50 is made of silicon steel sheet (thin slice) lamination, as shown in Figure 3, comprises stator core 51 and stator salient poles 52.One pole centralized system on each stator salient poles 52 is wound with stator winding 53, and the interarea of stator 50 is by over cap 71 covers.
On aforementioned rotor yoke iron 61, shown in Fig. 5,6, along the circumferential direction 12 hole portions 611 that described magnet 62 is inserted have vertically been formed by 30 ° of intervals.Be formed with the groove 614 that extends by institute's Fixed width degree towards central part on the both ends along the circumferential direction of each hole portion 611.Space between each adjacent holes portion 611 is then as interpole portion 613.
In each hole portion 611, as shown in Figure 7, be inserted with the permanent magnet 62 that section slightly is drum type.In this form of implementation, the shape of aforementioned apertures portion 611 is different with the section shape of permanent magnet 62, under the state in permanent magnet 62 patchhole portions 611, be formed with space 612 in two side portions, then stay surplus aforesaid groove 614 in the stator side at each permanent magnet 62 both ends along the circumferencial direction of each permanent magnet 62.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of the control system of aforementioned starter dynamo device 1, respectively schemes identical label and represents part identical or that be equal to aforementioned.
Control unit 40 comprises: the output voltage V BATT of storage battery 42 is transformed to logic voltage VDD and supplies with the DC-DC converter 102 of CPU101; Control to the power supply of IG coil 41 make spark plug 43 by the ignition control device 103 of punctum fire regularly; Battery tension VBATT is transformed to the 3 phase drivers 104 that 3 cross streams electricity are supplied in the winding 53 of aforementioned starter dynamo device 1.
Accelerator open degree sensing receiver 45 is surveyed accelerator open degree Qth, notice CPU101.Rotor sensor 46 is surveyed the rotary position of above-mentioned external rotor 60, notice CPU101.Adjuster 44 is according to the revolution of external rotor 60, with the induced electromotive force that takes place in the said stator winding 53 control to fixed battery tension VBATT.
Under said structure, when engine start.The rotary position of the external rotor 60 that CPU101 detects according to rotor sensor 46, the excitation of determining stator winding is controlled the change-over time of 3 phase drivers, 104 each power fet constantly, and alternating current is supplied with each phase of stator winding 53,
Each power fet (Tr1-Tr6) of 3 phase drivers 104 carries out PWM control by CPU101, and controlling its duty ratio according to the revolution of above-mentioned external rotor 60 is driving moment.
On the other hand, behind engine starting, just end to give the stator winding 53 power supplies from 3 phase drivers 104.Current 1 driving of starter dynamo device by internal combustion engine E slave mode.The stator winding 53 of this moment produces electromotive force corresponding to the rotating speed of bent axle 201.This electromotive force controls to battery tension VBATT by adjuster 44, when supplying with electric loading remaining power accumulators 42 is charged.
Be located at the effect of the space part 612 of formation between groove 61 in the above-mentioned rotor yoke iron 61 and yoke 61 and the permanent magnet 62 below with reference to Fig. 9 and 10 explanations.
Fig. 9 show bright with this starter dynamo device 1 magnetic flux distribution during as starting motor.Figure 10 shows bright with the magnetic flux distribution of this device 1 when the generator.
When said apparatus 1 is used as starting motor, after giving each stator winding 53 supply incentive electric current by storage battery 42 by above-mentioned control unit 40, as shown in Figure 9, guide inboard along the magnetic line of force that transmit direction produces by the stator-side surface of S utmost point permanent magnet 62S from the stator salient poles 52N of the excitation N utmost point, wherein the Duo Shuo magnetic line of force is via the core part 615 and interpole portion 613 of rotor yoke iron 61, by stator salient poles 52S and stator core 51, turn back to the stator salient poles 52N of the excitation 3N utmost point to the adjacent S pole excitation.
At this moment, in this form of implementation, along having formed space 612 in the both sides of the circumferencial direction of each permanent magnet 62, owing to can reduce the core part 615 of just guiding rotor yoke iron 61 from the sidepiece of each permanent magnet 62 to the major part of the leakage flux magnetic line of force of interpole portion 613 into, again through above-mentioned interpole 613 arrival stators, 50 1 sides of portion from each permanent magnet 62.The result is owing to increase by vertical component in the magnetic flux of external rotor 60 and 60 air gaps of stator, and this compares with the situation that above-mentioned space 612 is not set, and can strengthen driving moment.
Have, in this form of implementation of a left side, the stator side in permanent magnet 62 both ends has also formed the groove 614 that is used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit, thereby also can reduce the leakage flux by rotor yoke iron 61 inboards again.
Specifically, as among Figure 21 with the broken circle of Fig. 9 is inner amplify shown in, one side (614A) of groove 614 has hindered the inside circumference portion 616 that directs into rotor yoke iron 61 by the magnetic flux B1 of interpole portion 613 in the rotor yoke iron 61, and the major part of magnetic flux B1 can be directed into stator salient poles 52S effectively.The opposing party of groove 614 (614B) then stops from the magnetic flux B2 guiding of permanent magnet 62N by rotor yoke iron 61 inside circumference portions 616 to interpole portion 613, and the major part of magnetic flux B2 can be directed effectively to stator salient poles 52S.As a result, further increase, thereby can further add the driving moment of wonderful works starting motor by vertical component in the magnetic flux of external rotor 60 and 50 air gaps of stator.
On the other hand, when this starter dynamo device 1 is used as generator, as shown in figure 10.Because the magnetic flux that each permanent magnet 62 produces has formed closed magnetic circuit with stator salient poles and stator core, just can produce in stator winding and the corresponding generation current of rotor revolution number.
In addition, in this form of implementation with aforementioned adjuster stable voltage be set at 14.5V, when this device 1 when the output voltage when the generator reaches aforementioned stable voltage, power fet TR2, the TR4 of ground connection and TR6 are with short circuit in the above-mentioned power fet.So short circuit current will reduce by the magnetic line of force in the stator 50 with the phase flow that lags to each stator winding 53, the leakage flux that connects 62 of adjacent permanent magnets increases.What the result can reduce leading-in device 1 reduces the load of internal combustion engine E from kinetic moment.
Specifically, as among Figure 11 to shown in the situation that broken circle inside is amplified among Figure 10, between adjacent permanent magnets 62S and 62N, produce magnetic flux B3 through rotor yoke iron 61 outer circumference portions 617, through rotor yoke change the magnetic flux B4 of 61 interpole portions 613, through the magnetic flux B5 of rotor yoke iron 61 inside circumference portions 616, through the magnetic flux B6 of rotor yoke iron 61 inside circumference portions 616, air gap and stator salient poles 52N.
As mentioned above, according to this form of implementation, rotor yoke iron 61 at external rotor 60 has in the permanent-magnet slewing motor of interpole portion 613 between each permanent magnet, owing between each permanent magnet 62 and rotor yoke iron 61, be provided with space 612 and groove 614, thereby can reduce the leakage flux between adjacent permanent magnets, and the magnetic flux of air gap portion square crossing between increase and external rotor 60 and the stator 50.Like this, when this permanent-magnet slewing motor can not increase when the generator from kinetic moment, but the driving moment can increase it as generator the time.
Also can recognize from the above, this permanent-magnet slewing motor when the starting motor, as shown in figure 21, owing to groove 614A and 614B have stopped that magnetic flux B1 and B2 have increased driving moment, show that as Figure 21 right side institute result amplified the width W of each groove 614 is preferably wide more good more.
On the other hand, when this permanent-magnet slewing motor is used as starting motor, as shown in figure 22, owing to the magnetic circuit that has guaranteed leakage field energy B5 has fully reduced from kinetic moment, so figure right side institute result amplified shows that the residual thickness H of the rotor yoke iron of each groove 614 front end is with thick more good more.
At this,,, this equates the aforesaid residual thickness H of attenuate, thereby be unfavorable for reducing from kinetic moment because the leakage flux B5 of Figure 22 reduces if increase groove width W.On the contrary, if the residual thickness H of oversized slots front end owing to reduced the magnetic flux B1 of Figure 21 and the active constituent of B2 (guiding stator one side's component), this equates and reduced groove width W, be unfavorable for strengthening driving moment.So, broadening groove width W strengthens driving moment and oversized slots front end residual thickness reduces to become the antinomy phenomenon from kinetic moment, both ratios (H/W) need be set lessly when increasing driving moment paying the utmost attention to, and then should set higherly when paying the utmost attention to when reducing from kinetic moment.
Figure 23 with 24 respectively with above-mentioned than (H/W) same driving moment (Figure 23) with from the relation of kinetic moment (Figure 24), it is bright to be with the residual thickness H of above-mentioned groove 614 front end rotor yokes that parameter is shown.Figure 24 shows that from kinetic moment bright is the situation that its absolute value increases progressively.
Driving moment shown the tendency that the minimizing with (H/W) increases, but after (H/W) dropped to about 0.3, Magnification diminished as shown in figure 23.In contrast, from kinetic moment as shown in figure 24, show the tendency that the increase with (H/W) increases, but when (H/W) drop to about 0.3 the time then Magnification increase.Hence one can see that, preferably the two ratio (H/W) of groove width W and residual thickness H is set at 〉=0.3.
In addition, the short reduction rate of driven commentaries on classics surpasses 0.5 tendency that decay arranged from (H/W) as shown in figure 24, the tendency that the slip of driving moment then reduces 0.5~0.7 time as (H/W).Thereby can think this (H/W) should be set at≤0.7, and preferably near 0.5.
According to above result of the test as can be known, if in this form of implementation, (H/W) is set to 0.3~0.7, then can take into account driving moment effectively and from kinetic moment two sides.
Figure 11 shows the flat shape of the rotor yoke iron 61a that understands the present invention's second form of implementation, Figure 12 is the partial enlarged drawing that shows the state when bright permanent magnet 62a inserts among the 611a of hole portion of above-mentioned rotor yoke iron 61, represents part identical or that be equal to label identical in the earlier figures.
In this form of implementation, the 611a of hole portion of rotor yoke iron 61a roughly is platform shape, and section is that the permanent magnet 62a of rectangle inserts in the 611a of this hole portion.The result, along having formed the space 612a that is used for preventing leakage flux between the adjacent permanent magnets 62a in the two side portions of permanent magnet 62a circumferencial direction and stator one side at the two ends of each permanent magnet 62a has also formed the groove 614a that is used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit, thereby can obtain effect as hereinbefore.
Figure 13 shows the flat shape of the rotor yoke iron 61b of bright the present invention's the 3rd form of implementation, Figure 14 is the partial enlarged drawing that shows the state when bright permanent magnet 62b inserts among the 611b of hole portion of this rotor yoke iron 61b, represents part identical or that be equal to label identical in the earlier figures.
In this form of implementation, the 611b of hole portion of rotor yoke iron 61b is special-shaped drum type, and the permanent magnet 62b that section is cydariform promptly inserts in the 611b of this hole portion.The result has formed the space 612b that is used for preventing leakage flux between adjacent permanent magnets 626 in the two side portions along the circumferential direction of permanent magnet 62b, and stator one side in each permanent magnet 62b both ends has also formed the groove 614b that is used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit, thereby can obtain effect as hereinbefore.
Figure 15 shows the flat shape of the rotor yoke iron 61c of bright the present invention's the 4th form of implementation, Figure 16 is the partial enlarged drawing that shows the state when bright permanent magnet 62c inserts among the 611c of hole portion of this rotor yoke iron 61c, represents part identical or that be equal to label identical in the earlier figures.
In this form of implementation, the 611c of hole portion of rotor yoke iron 61c is taken at the abnormity that drum type portion both sides are provided with otch, and the permanent magnet 62c that section is cydariform is in the 611c of patchhole portion.The result has been in that stator one side at each permanent magnet 62c both ends has also formed the groove 614c that is used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit along having formed the space 612c that is used for preventing leakage flux between adjacent permanent magnets 62c in the two side portions of permanent magnet 62c circle side direction, thereby can obtain effect as hereinbefore.
Figure 17 shows the flat shape of the rotor yoke iron 61d of bright the present invention's the 5th form of implementation, Figure 18 is the partial enlarged drawing that shows the state when bright permanent magnet 62d inserts among the 611c of hole portion of this rotor yoke iron 61d, represents part identical or that be equal to label identical in the earlier figures.
In this form of implementation, the 611d of hole portion of rotor yoke iron 61d gets special-shaped drum type, and the permanent magnet 62d that section is cydariform inserts in the 611d of this hole portion.The result has formed the space 612d that is used to prevent leakage flux between the adjacent permanent magnets 62d in the two side portions along the circumferential direction of permanent magnet 62d.
Moreover outside the above-mentioned hole 611d of portion, the groove 614d that will be used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit on the interior perimembranous of the rotor yoke iron 61d that is equivalent to each permanent magnet 62d both ends forms the shape of otch, can obtain effect as hereinbefore.
Figure 19 shows the flat shape of the rotor yoke iron 61e of bright the present invention's the 6th form of implementation, and Figure 20 is the partial enlarged drawing that shows the state when bright permanent magnet 62c inserts among the 611e of hole portion of this rotor yoke iron 61e.Represent part identical or that be equal to label identical in the earlier figures.
In this form of implementation, the 611e of hole portion of rotor yoke iron 61e gets special-shaped drum type, and the permanent magnet 62e that section is cydariform inserts in the 611e of this hole portion.The result has formed the space 612e that is used to prevent leakage flux between the adjacent permanent magnets 62e in the two side portions along the circumferential direction of permanent magnet 62e, stator one side has also formed the groove 614e that is used to limit the circumferencial direction magnetic circuit in the both ends of each permanent magnet 62e, can obtain effect as hereinbefore.