CN1496547A - 等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法及等离子体显示板 - Google Patents

等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法及等离子体显示板 Download PDF

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CN1496547A
CN1496547A CNA028062892A CN02806289A CN1496547A CN 1496547 A CN1496547 A CN 1496547A CN A028062892 A CNA028062892 A CN A028062892A CN 02806289 A CN02806289 A CN 02806289A CN 1496547 A CN1496547 A CN 1496547A
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迪迪埃·杜瓦扬
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埃贝尔·赫尔泽曼恩
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乔纳森·克维克
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
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    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2033—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames with splitting one or more sub-frames corresponding to the most significant bits into two or more sub-frames
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296—Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
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    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
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    • G09G2320/0261—Improving the quality of display appearance in the context of movement of objects on the screen or movement of the observer relative to the screen
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    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
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    • G09G2320/10—Special adaptations of display systems for operation with variable images
    • G09G2320/106—Determination of movement vectors or equivalent parameters within the image
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/204—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames being organized in consecutive sub-frame groups
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种在等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法。本发明可用于等离子体显示板(PDP)。依据本发明，为了实现画轮廓运动补偿，将子扫描划分为两个对称的子扫描组。而且，对要被显示的图像相对于前面的视频图像的动作进行估计，以便产生针对视频图像的每一个象素的运动矢量。最后，对于视频图像的每一个象素，按照与估计的运动矢量成比例的量，对第二组的子扫描进行位移。

Description

等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法及等离子体显示板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种包括基本单元(elementary cell)矩阵的显示设备，其中，基本单元可以或者处于开状态、或者处于关状态。
背景技术
等离子体显示板(PDP)技术可以获得大而平的显示屏。PDP通常包括其间定义了充满气体的空间的两块平的绝缘片(insulting tile)，在充满气体的空间中，定义了以隔壁(barrier)作为边界的基本空间。基本单元对应于在具有至少一个电极的所述基本空间的每一边上设置的基本空间。为了激活基本单元，通过将电压施加到单元电极之间，在对应的基本空间中产生放电。此后，放电引起在基本单元中的紫外线的发射。沉积在单元的壁上的磷光体将紫外线转换为可见光。
PDP的基本单元的工作周期对应于视频图像的显示周期。每一个显示周期由通常被称为子扫描的基本周期组成。每一个子扫描包括单元寻址周期和保持周期。寻址周期在于：依据是必须将基本单元设置在开状态，还是必须将基本单元设置在关状态，将电脉冲发送或者不将电脉冲发送到基本单元。保持周期在于：在指定的时间内发送一连串的脉冲，以便使单元保持在开状态或者关状态。每一个子扫描具有特定的保持周期持续时间、以及依据保持周期持续时间的权重。保持周期分布在整个显示周期上，并且对应于单元的照明周期(illumination period)。此后，人眼对这些照明周期进行积分，以便重新创建对应的灰度等级。在其余的描述中图像的显示周期被称为时间积分窗口。
存在一些与照明周期的时间积分相关的问题。特别地，当对象在两个连续的图像之间动作时，会发生画轮廓(contouring)的问题。该问题表现为：在灰度等级过渡时，会出现通常几乎不能觉察的较暗带或者较亮带。在彩色PDP的情况下，可以对这些带进行着色。
图1示出了所述的画轮廓的问题，该图显示了针对两个连续图像I和I+1的子扫描，其中，具有灰度等级127和灰度等级128之间的过渡。该过渡(transition)由图像I和图像I+1之间的4个象素来位移(displacement)。在该图中，y轴表示时间轴，x轴表示各个图像的象素。由眼睛执行积分相当于沿着图中的斜线在时间上进行积分。由于眼睛具有跟随动作的对象的倾向。因此，眼睛对来自不同象素的信息进行积分。积分的结果表现为：在灰度等级127和128之间的过渡时，出现等于零的灰度等级。通过零灰度等级会使在过渡时出现暗带。相反，如果过渡从等级128移动到等级127，则在过渡时会出现对应于亮带的等级255。
第一方案在于：“分裂”(break)高权重的子扫描，以便降低积分误差。图2显示与图1相同的过渡，但是，其中由七个权重为32的子扫描来替代权重为32、64和128的子扫描。于是，最大积分误差具有等于32的灰度等级。还可以对灰度等级进行不同的分配，但是总是会存在积分误差。
在欧洲专利申请No.0 978 817中提出的另一种方案在于：通过按照动作的方向变换子扫描，由眼睛来预测该积分，从而使眼睛对正确的信息进行积分。该技术使用运动运动估计器来计算针对要被显示的图像的每一个象素的运动运动矢量。这些运动运动矢量用于对提交(delivery)到PDP的基本单元的数据进行修改。专利申请0 978 817的基本思想在于：在显示图像期间，检测眼睛的移动，并且向单元提交动作补偿数据，以便使眼睛对正确的信息进行积分。在图3中示出了该技术。如先前所提到的，该纠正在于：依据观察到的图像之间的动作，对子扫描进行位移，以便对人眼将进行的积分进行预测。依据子扫描的权重、以及它们在时间积分窗口中的时间位置，对子扫描进行不同的位移。该纠正对于会引起轮廓效应的过渡，提供极佳的效果。
发明内容
本发明提出使用运动运动补偿来对轮廓效应进行补偿的另一方法。
本发明涉及一种在包括多个基本单元的等离子体显示板上显示视频图像的方法，其中，依据多个子扫描对每一个视频图像进行编码，在子扫描期间，每一个基本元件或者处于开状态、或者处于关状态，每一个子扫描具有与照明周期成比例的权重。对于每一个视频图像，执行以下的步骤：
将所述的多个子扫描划分为两个连续的子扫描的组，其中，两个组包括相同数量的具有对应权重的子扫描，其中所述子扫描的时间分布是对称的；
对要被显示的所述视频图像相对于前面的视频图像的运动进行估计，以便针对视频图像的每一个象素，产生运动运动矢量；
对于视频图像的每一个象素，由大体等于估计的运动矢量的一半的量，对第二组的子扫描进行位移。
本发明还涉及一种等离子体显示板，在所述的等离子体显示板中包括用于实现本发明的显示视频图像的方法的装置。
附图说明
通过阅读随后参考附图所提供的详细描述，本发明的另外特征和优点将变得明显：
图1示出当过渡在两个连续的图像之间动作时发生的轮廓效应；
图2和3示出对这些轮廓效应进行补偿的已知方案；
图4示出当依据本发明对子扫描进行排列时，眼睛时间积分的结果；
图5示出时间积分窗口，其中，按照金字塔形顺序(pyramidal order)对子扫描进行排列；
图6示出在灰度等级A和灰度等级B之间的过渡，其中，依据按照金字塔形顺序排列的多个子扫描，对这两个灰度等级进行编码；
图7示出本发明的方法；
图8示出应用本发明的方法的实例；以及
图9示出用于实现本发明的方法的装置的实例。
具体实施方式
在下面将不再对以上已描述的图1到图3进行详细的解释。
依据本发明，按照对称的方式，将子扫描排列在要被显示的图像的时间积分窗口，并且将子扫描的一半进行空间位移，以便抵消由子扫描的另一半所产生的画轮廓缺陷。一种特定的子扫描排列会产生对于该排列特定的缺陷。如果对子扫描的特定排列在时间上进行反转(invert)，则会使缺陷在空间上进行反转。对其中一个与另一个对称的两个连续组的显示进行补偿，直到两个组与引起缺陷的方向对齐。为了使补偿和实现较简单，最好使用能够被分离为其中一个相对于另一个对称的两个组的金字塔形编码。金字塔形编码被定义为在图像显示周期上(或者积分周期)其权重对称地增加和减小的编码。
图4示出一方面当子扫描按照权重增加的顺序排列时(图4中的左手部分)、以及另一方面当子扫描按照权重减小的顺序排列时(图4中的右手部分)的时间积分的结果。
为了实现这一目的，本发明提出了按照金字塔形顺序排列的子扫描，即将子扫描划分为在数量和权重上都相同的两组子扫描，在第一组中，对子扫描按照权重增加的顺序进行排列，在跟随在第一组之后的第二组中，对子扫描按照权重减小的顺序进行排列。图5示出了对于子扫描的划分。在图中，使用标注为SS1到SS14的14个子扫描显示这些图像，其中，将这些子扫描划分为两个相同的组。第一组包括子扫描SS1到SS7，以及第二组包括子扫描SS8到SS14。子扫描SS1、SS2、SS3、SS4、SS5、SS6和SS7分别与子扫描SS14、SS13、SS12、SS11、SS10、SS9和SS8相等。这些子扫描的排列是对称的。同样地，有利的是，对称地显示象素，即，当第一组的象素的子扫描处于开状态时，第二组的相同权重的子扫描也处于开状态。
在奇数个灰度等级值的情况下，假如存在只与最低权重相关的不平衡(imbalance)，则可以产生具有1个不平衡的划分，以致于缺陷是不可察觉的。否则，可以上舍入或者下舍入到紧挨着该奇数值上面或者下面的偶数值。当可以包括大量的子扫描时，也可以使用权重为1/2的两个子扫描，以便具有另外的极佳的对称。
图6显示在灰度等级A和灰度等级B之间的过渡，其中，通过按照金字塔形顺序排列的子扫描，显示这两个灰度等级。在不存在动作时，这样的子扫描的排列使时间积分与使用传统排列所获得的时间积分相同。
当存在动作时，依据本发明，对第二组的子扫描进行空间位移，以使第二组的轮廓缺陷抵消由第一组引起的轮廓缺陷。然后，我们讨论由子扫描的块或者组所进行的位移。
为了实现这一目的，针对要被显示的视频图像的每一个象素，对表示讨论的视频图像相对于前面图像的运动的运动矢量M进行计算，并且由大约等于运动矢量M的一半的量，对第二组的子扫描进行位移。
图7示出依据本发明，对第二组的子扫描所进行的位移，并且示出时间积分的结果。在该图中，可以了解到：相对于前面的图像，对灰度等级A和B之间的过渡位移例如4个象素。由运动估计器对表示为M的该量进行计算。依据本发明，按照动作的方向，将第二组的子扫描SS8到SS14位移等于M/2的量。
如从图7中可以看到，积分误差在空间上由2来划分，因此，涉及2个象素来替换没有进行运动补偿的4个象素。此外，在所选择的实例中，可以注意到：由具有较小幅值的两个相反的缺陷来替换图4中所示的缺陷，由于它们的闭合，这两个相反的效果相互补偿。
图8示出了怎样应用本发明的方法的一个数字实例(numericalexample)。在该实例中，时间图像积分窗口包括被划分为两组的权重分别为1、2、4、8、16、32、64、64、32、16、8、4、2、以及1的14个连续子扫描。第一组包括前面的7个子扫描，第二组包括最后的7个子扫描。在该实例中，我们知道在灰度等级128和灰度等级126之间的对应于最坏情况的过渡是相对于前面的图像进行4个象素的位移。因此，按照动作的方向，将第二组的子扫描位移两个象素。
在本实例中，最大的积分误差具有等于±42的灰度等级值(在过渡中，灰度等级在170和84之间变化)，并且与至多两个象素相关。然而，在缺陷的最大值和最小值之间的空间分离只是单个的象素，从而具有使缺陷不可觉察的效果。对于大得多的运动矢量，缺陷变得可察觉，但是会被极大地降低。
本方法还具有其他优点。只对一半的子扫描进行位移，此外，使用相同的位移值进行位移。与其中针对每一个子扫描进行对位移的计算的设备相比，极大地简化了对要被显示的图像的计算。本方法还在两个对称的区域中对图像的光度(luminosty)进行分配，这具有降低针对中等的发光值即视频中最普通的值的、大面积闪烁现象的效果。
还可以实施其他的实施例。作为实例，通过将第一和第二组中的每一个分离为两个对称的组，可以将描述的方法阶梯式地(in cascade)应用于第一和第二组，其中，将显示的图像划分为四个组，对每一个组进行运动补偿。然后，对产生的效果进行放大，其中，对缺陷进行了较大的降低。然而，这需要更大量的子扫描。
非常多的结构可以用于实现本发明的方法。在图9中显示了一个实施例。图像存储器10接收要存储的图像流。存储器的容量允许存储至少三个连续的图像I-1、I、以及I+1，其中在使用图像I-1处理图像I期间，对图像I+1进行存储。诸如信号处理器的计算电路11对讨论的图像的各个象素相关运动矢量进行计算，依据前面描述的方法移动子扫描，并且触发信号(ignition signal)传递到等离子体片14的行驱动器12和列驱动器13。设置同步电路15，以便使驱动器12和13同步。所提供的结构仅仅是说明性的。

Claims (3)

1.一种在包括多个基本单元的显示板上显示视频图像的方法，其中，依据多个子扫描，对每一个视频图像进行编码，在子扫描中，每一个基本单元或者处于开状态、或者处于关状态，每一个子扫描具有与照明周期的持续时间成比例的权重，其特征在于对于每一个视频图像，执行以下的步骤：
将所述的多个子扫描划分为两个连续的子扫描的组，其中，所述的两个组包括相同数量的具有对应权重的子扫描，所述的子扫描的时间分布是对称的；
对要被显示的所述视频图像相对于前面的视频图像的动作进行估计，以便产生针对视频图像的每一个象素的运动矢量；以及
对于视频图像的每一个矢量，按照大约等于估计的运动矢量的一半的量，对第二组的子扫描进行位移。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：按照权重增加的顺序，对第一组中的子扫描进行排列，并且按照权重减小的顺序，对第二组中的子扫描进行排列。
3.一种等离子体板，其特征在于：所述的等离子体显示板包括用于实现依据权利要求1和2中的任何一个所述的显示方法的装置。
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