CN1554801A - 离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜 - Google Patents

离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜 Download PDF

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CN1554801A
CN1554801A CNA2003101159638A CN200310115963A CN1554801A CN 1554801 A CN1554801 A CN 1554801A CN A2003101159638 A CNA2003101159638 A CN A2003101159638A CN 200310115963 A CN200310115963 A CN 200310115963A CN 1554801 A CN1554801 A CN 1554801A
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carbon
germanium
ion
evaporation
germanium alloy
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高劲松
王笑夷
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Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics
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Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics
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Abstract

本发明是用离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。以高纯锗作为蒸发材料,以含碳气体或含碳气体和氩气的混合气作为放电气体引入离子/等离子体源,使蒸发的锗原子与电离的碳离子发生反应,在基片上形成碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。本发明方法可得到折射率变化范围较宽,在中波红外(3~5μm)和长波红外(8~12μm)处低吸收的、粗糙度更小的碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。

Description

离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜
技术领域:本发明是离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜,属于真空镀膜技术领域,适用于对硫化锌、硒化锌、锗等红外窗口材料做增透保护膜。
背景技术:中长波红外用的光学窗口材料,诸如ZnS、ZnSe和Ge,其机械强度低、脆性大,难以抵御各种损伤,而且由于这些材料的折射率较高,需要镀增透膜才能使用,而普通的中长波红外薄膜材料硬度较低,难以承受恶劣的环境。GexC1-x是一种硬度适当,抗雨蚀性较好的红外用光学涂层。GexC1-x的折射率、吸收系数、内应力、硬度等性能指标,依组分x的不同可在较宽的范围内变化,适于多层膜系设计。
制备碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜的主要方法有:
1)反应溅射法。用Ar和碳氢化合物混合气体,溅射Ge靶或Ge、C混合靶,这种方法适合于高Ge/C比率的GexC1-x涂层。缺点是Ge靶上易生长非晶碳膜从而抑制Ge的溅射。
2)等离子体化学气相沉积法。用锗烷和碳氢化合物混合气体产生辉光放电,在阴极上得到无定形GexC1-x,其成份由锗烷与碳氢化合物的比率来控制。缺点是锗烷价格昂贵,危险性大,而且用此方法制得的GexC1-x膜有较大的光吸收。
至今尚未见到将离子/等离子体辅助蒸发技术应用于镀制碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜的报道。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是为了克服上述两种镀膜方法存在的缺点,提供一种离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜,
本发明的技术方案:
选择双面抛光的锗片作为基底,置于真空室的上方,蒸发材料为高纯锗,蒸发方式为电子束蒸发或热蒸发,将含碳气体或含碳气体与氩气的混合气引入离子/等离子体源,离子/等离子源在10-2Pa的低压下工作,使含碳气体充分电离,分解出大量正碳离子,在电磁场作用下加速并充入真空室内;以高纯锗作为蒸发材料,蒸发出的锗原子与带有较高能量的正碳离子发生反应,在基底上沉积碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜;通过调节气体流量(甲烷为2~30sccm,氩气为0~30sccm)和锗的蒸发速率(0.1~1.0nm/s),可以得到组分x不同的GexC1-x膜。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明既不需要使用锗烷这样价格昂贵而又危险的气体,又可以解决溅射方法中的“靶中毒”现象,适于厚膜的镀制,并且可以得到折射率可调节范围较宽的GexC1-x膜。同时由于此方法的工作气压在10-2Pa,比溅射和化学气相沉积方法的工作气压低2~5个数量级,因此,用此方法制得的GexC1-x膜有更小的粗糙度,膜层均匀、牢固、使用范围广;碳锗膜GexC1-x的折射率、吸收系数、内应力、硬度等性能指标,依组分x的不同可在较宽的范围内变化,适于多层膜系设计。
具体实施方式:
实施例1:选择双面抛光的锗片作为基底,置于真空室的上方,蒸发材料为高纯锗,蒸发方式为电子束蒸发,等离子体源为Hall源。当真空度抽至1.0×10-3Pa时,向Hall源中通入甲烷和氩气的混合气,甲烷流量为5sccm,氩气流量为15sccm,充气后真空度为1.8×10-2Pa。调节Hall源的阴极和阳极电压使气体产生放电,并控制Hall源阳极电压为180V,阳极电流为3A,此时整个真空室内均处于等离子体状态。控制锗的蒸发速率为0.1nm/s。蒸发出的锗原子在正离子和电子的撞击下被电离,其中一部分与碳离子发生反应,在基底上沉积碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。
实施例2:选择双面抛光的锗片作为基底,置于真空室的上方,蒸发材料为高纯锗,蒸发方式为电子束蒸发,离子源为考夫曼源。当真空度抽至1.0×10-3Pa时,向考夫曼源中通入氩气,流量为10sccm,向真空室充入甲烷,甲烷流量为5sccm,充气后真空度为1.8×10-2Pa。考夫曼源加速电压250V,放电电流300mA,控制锗的蒸发速率为0.1nm/s。蒸发出的锗原子以及甲烷分子在氩离子的撞击下被电离,其中一部分发生反应,在基底上沉积碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。
实施例3:选择双面抛光的锗片作为基底,置于真空室的上方,蒸发材料为高纯锗,蒸发方式为热蒸发,等离子体源为Hall源。当真空度抽至1.0×10-3Pa时,向Hall源中通入甲烷和氩气的混合气,甲烷流量为15sccm,氩气流量为25sccm,充气后真空度为2.9×10-2Pa。调节Hall源的阴极和阳极电压使气体产生放电,并控制Hall源阳极电压为180V,阳极电流为3A,此时整个真空室内均处于等离子体状态。控制锗的蒸发速率为0.5nm/s。蒸发出的锗原子在正离子和电子的撞击下被电离,其中一部分与碳离子发生反应,在基底上沉积碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜。

Claims (2)

1、离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜,将工件放置在真空室内工件架上,向真空室内通入气体,蒸发方式为电子束蒸发或热蒸发,其特征在于选择双面抛光的锗片作为基底;将含碳气体或含碳气体与氩气的混合气引入离子/等离子体源,离子/等离子源在10-2Pa的低压下工作,使含碳气体充分电离,分解出大量正碳离子,在电磁场作用下加速并充入真空室内;以高纯锗作为蒸发材料,蒸发出的锗原子与带有较高能量的正碳离子发生反应,在基底上沉积碳锗合金(GexC1-x)膜;通过调节气体流量和锗的蒸发速率,可以得到组分x不同的GexC1-x膜。
2、按照权利要求1所述的离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜,其特征在于气体流量甲烷在2~30sccm范围内可调;氩气在0~30sccm范围内可调;锗的蒸发速率在0.1~1.0nm/s范围内变化。
CNA2003101159638A 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 离子/等离子体辅助蒸发方法制备碳锗合金膜 Pending CN1554801A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101597748A (zh) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Dca器械有限公司 用于蒸发的装置、用于蒸发的坩埚和在基片上生长膜的方法
CN101956160A (zh) * 2010-10-11 2011-01-26 南京大学 采用气体散射方式在柔性物质表面蒸镀金属薄膜的方法
CN114959638A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-08-30 安徽光智科技有限公司 一种碳化锗薄膜的制备方法
WO2023279563A1 (zh) * 2021-07-09 2023-01-12 苏州道一至诚纳米材料技术有限公司 薄膜催化剂的生产设备及生产方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101597748A (zh) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Dca器械有限公司 用于蒸发的装置、用于蒸发的坩埚和在基片上生长膜的方法
CN101597748B (zh) * 2008-06-04 2013-06-26 Dca器械有限公司 用于蒸发的装置、用于蒸发的坩埚和在基片上生长膜的方法
CN101956160A (zh) * 2010-10-11 2011-01-26 南京大学 采用气体散射方式在柔性物质表面蒸镀金属薄膜的方法
WO2023279563A1 (zh) * 2021-07-09 2023-01-12 苏州道一至诚纳米材料技术有限公司 薄膜催化剂的生产设备及生产方法
US12343716B1 (en) 2021-07-09 2025-07-01 Suzhou Taone Sincere Nanomaterial Technology Co., Ltd. Device and method for producing thin-film catalyst
CN114959638A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-08-30 安徽光智科技有限公司 一种碳化锗薄膜的制备方法

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