CN1987479A - 阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体 - Google Patents

阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体 Download PDF

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CN1987479A
CN1987479A CNA2005101307075A CN200510130707A CN1987479A CN 1987479 A CN1987479 A CN 1987479A CN A2005101307075 A CNA2005101307075 A CN A2005101307075A CN 200510130707 A CN200510130707 A CN 200510130707A CN 1987479 A CN1987479 A CN 1987479A
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cavity
wedge angle
pipe
micro
tube wall
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官晓胜
郭旻
周骋
胡玉明
程京
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Tsinghua University
CapitalBio Corp
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Tsinghua University
CapitalBio Corp
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Priority to CNA2005101307075A priority Critical patent/CN1987479A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2006/003426 priority patent/WO2007071165A1/en
Priority to US12/158,037 priority patent/US8273309B2/en
Publication of CN1987479A publication Critical patent/CN1987479A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502746—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles or throttle valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/12—Specific details about manufacturing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/06—Valves, specific forms thereof
    • B01L2400/0688—Valves, specific forms thereof surface tension valves, capillary stop, capillary break
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/08—Regulating or influencing the flow resistance
    • B01L2400/084—Passive control of flow resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体，属于生物芯片的流体控制技术领域，其特征在于：该腔体相对于至少含有一个楔角的部分或整个管道截面，是一个扩大了的腔体，该腔体的尺寸要大到足以打断该楔角沿管道方向的连续延伸。而且，所述腔体有多个，在所述管道方向上相互错开一定的距离布置。实践证明：所述微流体腔体打断了由于壁面相交而形成的楔角，易于控制液体在微细管道内的流动。

Description

阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体
技术领域
本发明涉及生物芯片的流体控制技术领域。
背景技术
亲水性材料经常被用于制造微型的分析仪器和设备，比如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯、硅和玻璃等。由于微加工以及封装技术的限制，在这些材料上最后形成的封闭微细管道往往不是圆形或近圆形(比如椭圆)，而是由多个加工面组成的不规则形状，其特点是含有一个或多个因壁面相交而形成的楔角(见附图2)，横截面成为三角形，梯形、正方形、半圆形、半椭圆形，或者它们的组合。根据流体力学里的Concus-Finn理论，当流体在壁面上的接触角与楔角的一半之和不超过π/2时，流体会自发的沿楔角流动。另一方面，许多分析所用的化学或生物样品和试剂都含有表面活性剂成分，表面活性剂使得流体在壁面上的接触角大为降低，因此，沿楔角自发流动的现象也就常常在上述微细管道中发生，导致流体控制变得非常困难。
为了阻止这种沿楔角的自发流动，可以对微细管道做局部疏水性处理，但是针对表面的化学改性比较麻烦费力。另外一条途径是改变微细管道的局部几何形状，以增大楔角的角度，或者打断楔角的存在。比较常用的手段是在楔角上做出凹陷的缺口或者突出的犄角，它们一方面暂时打断了楔角的延伸，另一方面又形成了新的楔角，只是这些新的楔角都大于π，也就保证了自发流动不能再继续。缺口或犄角可以向由楔角刻画出来的壁面方向延伸，进一步演变成垂直于某一管道壁面的凹槽或者脊梁结构，后者更容易为现有的微加工手段所实现。问题在于，当微细管道在一块基片材料上加工完成后，必须和另一块平整的基片材料封合以形成封闭的管道，而这块平整的基片材料就会和微细管道的侧面形成小于π的楔角，该楔角使得做在管道侧面的凹槽或者脊梁结构能够产生效力的部分缩小到只有一个尖点，该尖点就是凹槽或者脊梁面、管道侧面，和封合基材面的共同交点，流体很容易绕过该尖点从而沿该楔角自发流动。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体结构。
本发明的特征在于：该阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体相对于至少含有一个楔角的部分管道截面是一个扩大了的腔体，该腔体的尺寸比所述部分管道截面的尺寸要大到足以打断该楔角沿管道方向的连续延伸。所述腔体是相对于含有所有楔角的整个管道截面的一个扩大了的腔体，该腔体的尺寸要大到足以打断所有楔角沿管道方向的连续延伸。所述腔体是多个，并在管道方向相互错开一定距离布置，该腔体在数量上要足以打断所有的管道楔角。所述腔体的深度和宽度分别不超过管道深度和宽度的两倍。当所述的微细管道只加工在一片基材上时，另一片用于封合的平整基材上也必须在相对于被封合的基片的同一个对应位置上加工出一个单独的腔体，以打断同封合面形成的楔角的延伸。
实验证明：在本发明中，使用的宽0.5mm、深0.5mm的微管道，其中加工了直径1mm、深1mm的腔体与未加工腔体的管道同时加入肥皂液：没有该腔体的管道中，皂液沿楔角延伸很长距离；具有上述腔体结构的管道中，液体被腔体有效地阻止。
附图说明
图1.本发明所述微细管道的立体视图：A.一个腔体；B.两个腔体。
图2.楔角形成横截面视图。
图3.现有的微流体结构的横截面剖视图。
具体实施方式：
本发明的特点是在微细管道上加工出一个或多个腔体，腔体的截面分别大于处于同一基材的管道截面，因此，相对于管道每个腔体提供了一个突然的扩口结构，使得沿管道延伸的一个或多个楔角被彻底打断而不产生任何新的楔角。加工在两片不同基材上的腔体可以在管道上的同一位置，如图1A所示，这样形成的单一腔体就可以一次性地打断所有的楔角；或者，它们也可以在管道上的不同位置设置，如图1B所示，这样形成的多个腔体可以先后打断所有的楔角。一般腔体的尺寸只需比管道稍大一些即可，比如其深度和宽度分别不超过管道深度和宽度的两倍，以避免流体经过时不能将腔体里的所有空气带出而形成气泡。另外，选择让处于不同基材上的腔体沿管道错开设置，也有利于减小扩口引起的被动阀效应，使流体能够比较平稳的通过腔体结构。当微细管道只加工在一片基材上时，另一片用于封合的平整基材上也必须加工出一个单独的腔体，这样就可以打断由于封合而形成的楔角的延伸。

Claims (5)

1、阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体，其特征在于：该腔体相对于至少含有一个楔角的部分管道截面是一个扩大了的腔体，该腔体的尺寸比所述部分管道截面的尺寸要大到足以打断该楔角沿管道方向的连续延伸。
2、根据权利要求1所述的阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体，其特征在于：所述腔体是相对于含有所有楔角的整个管道截面的一个扩大了的腔体，该腔体的尺寸要大到足以打断所有楔角沿管道方向的连续延伸。
3、根据权利要求1所述的阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体，其特征在于：所述腔体是多个，并在管道方向相互错开一定距离布置，该腔体在数量上要足以打断所有的管道楔角。
4、根据权利要求1所述的阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体，其特征在于：所述腔体的深度和宽度分别不超过管道深度和宽度的两倍。
5、根据权利要求1所述的阻止液体在亲水性微细管道内沿管壁楔角自发流动的微流体腔体，其特征在于：当所述的微细管道只加工在一片基材上时，另一片用于封合的平整基材上也必须在相对于被封合的基片的同一个对应位置上加工出一个单独的腔体，以打断同封合面形成的楔角的延伸。
CNA2005101307075A 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体 Pending CN1987479A (zh)

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CNA2005101307075A CN1987479A (zh) 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体
PCT/CN2006/003426 WO2007071165A1 (en) 2005-12-23 2006-12-15 Wicking inhibitor for fluidic devices
US12/158,037 US8273309B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2006-12-15 Wicking inhibitor for fluidic devices

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CNA2005101307075A CN1987479A (zh) 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 阻止液体在亲水性微细管内沿管壁楔角流动的微流体腔体

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WO2012140888A1 (ja) 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 パナソニック株式会社 バイオセンサおよびそれを用いた測定装置

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US4426451A (en) 1981-01-28 1984-01-17 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-zoned reaction vessel having pressure-actuatable control means between zones
US6090251A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-07-18 Caliper Technologies, Inc. Microfabricated structures for facilitating fluid introduction into microfluidic devices
US6750053B1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2004-06-15 I-Stat Corporation Apparatus and method for assaying coagulation in fluid samples
US6645432B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2003-11-11 President & Fellows Of Harvard College Microfluidic systems including three-dimensionally arrayed channel networks
US6819408B1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-11-16 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method for obtaining a monolayer of desired particles in a liquid sample
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