CN201764746U - G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms - Google Patents
G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN201764746U CN201764746U CN2010205111050U CN201020511105U CN201764746U CN 201764746 U CN201764746 U CN 201764746U CN 2010205111050 U CN2010205111050 U CN 2010205111050U CN 201020511105 U CN201020511105 U CN 201020511105U CN 201764746 U CN201764746 U CN 201764746U
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms comprises a compressor (1), a gas inlet valve (2), an exhaust valve (3), a heat regenerator (4), a gas cylinder (5), a piston (6), a hot cavity (7), a cold cavity (8), a sealing ring (9), driving mechanisms (10, 11 and 12), an annular gap (13), a heat exchanger (14), an orifice valve (18) and a gas storage (19). Working mode of gas inside the annular gap (13) is modified to be the same with that of the pulse tube refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms by introducing the phase modulation mechanisms such as the orifice valve (18), the gas storage (19) and the like, cold effect is generated by sufficiently using the gas for expansion work, leakage loss of the gas passing the sealing ring is eliminated, and consequentially the performance of the G-M refrigerator is improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Cryo Refrigerator, especially a kind of regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator, specifically a kind of G-M refrigeration machine of band phase modulation mechanism.
Background technology
The G-M kind of refrigeration cycle is by Ji Fute (Gifford) and the common utility model of McMahon (Mcmahon), and its principle is to utilize adiabatic gas venting refrigeration.At present, the G-M refrigeration machine has been widely used in cryogenic pump and the multiple superconducting magnet of cooling.When using, generally use the direct contact of refrigeration machine cold head or use the material of high thermal conductivity to realize cooling effect as heat bridge.
At present, generally have the slit between the cylinder wall of the G-M refrigeration machine of Shi Yonging and the piston, pressure is done cyclically-varying in the refrigeration machine, and pumping loss can be caused in the slit.Have sealing ring to shut in the hot junction of piston and cylinder, and cold junction is open.When cold chamber is in low pressure, tolerance is minimum in the gap, when pressure raises, just there are some cold air to enter in the gap, and absorb heat, until reaching maximum pressure from cylinder wall and piston, then when next cycle pressure descends, these gases return cold chamber, so just the heat that absorbs is just now taken to cold chamber, cause loss of refrigeration capacity.
In addition, sealing ring moves reciprocatingly in cylinder with piston, between sealing ring and the cylinder and poorly sealed between sealing ring and the piston, high-temperature gas drains to cold chamber by sealing ring in the hot chamber, cryogenic gas in the cold chamber drains to hot chamber by sealing ring, all can cause loss of refrigeration capacity, this part loss is called air loss.Along with the growth of refrigerator operation time, the wearing and tearing meeting of sealing ring increases gradually, and the sealing meeting of sealing ring and cylinder and piston is pine more and more, will be increasing by the air leakage of sealing ring, and the loss of refrigeration capacity of generation also can be increasing.In addition, the frictional heat of the slipper seal generation of sealing ring in cylinder also can cause loss of refrigeration capacity.
These loss of refrigeration capacity have a strong impact on the performance of refrigeration machine, are difficult to satisfy the test and the application requirements of low-temperature superconducting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is by introducing phase modulating mechanism, a kind of G-M refrigeration machine of band phase modulation mechanism being provided.Solved following technical problem: the course of work of gas in the gap between the piston of change G-M refrigeration machine and the cylinder makes full use of this portion gas expansion acting, and stops the air loss by sealing ring, thereby makes the G-M refrigeration machine obtain more performance.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of G-M refrigeration machine of band phase modulation mechanism, it is characterized in that comprising compressor, intake valve, air bleeding valve, regenerator, cylinder, piston, hot chamber, cold chamber, driving mechanism, annular gap and heat exchanger, the outlet side of described compressor connects intake valve, the inlet end of compressor connects air bleeding valve, intake valve, air bleeding valve are communicated with the regenerator three and are connected, regenerator is connected with cylinder, is provided with heat exchanger between regenerator and the cylinder; Be provided with piston in the cylinder, the piston below is cold chamber, and the piston top is hot chamber, is the annular gap between piston and the cylinder inner wall, connects driving mechanism on the piston; The annular gap is communicated with phase modulating mechanism.
Described annular gap can be divided into hot junction gas, gas piston and cold junction gas.
Described phase modulating mechanism comprises the gentle storehouse of little ports valve, and the annular gap is communicated with air reservoir by little ports valve; Be positioned at the top position, annular gap between described piston and the cylinder and be provided with sealing ring.
Described phase modulating mechanism is aperture air reservoir structure or bidirection air intake mechanism or four valve systems or other the more effective phase modulating mechanism that is communicated with the cylinder hot junction.
Described phase modulating mechanism can be built-in, comprises the gentle storehouse of built-in little ports valve, and built-in little ports valve places in the annular gap in piston hot junction, and hot chamber is as the air reservoir of phase modulating mechanism.
Described intake valve and air bleeding valve all are under the room temperature.
The backheat filler is housed in the described regenerator.
The driving mechanism that connects on the described piston is the crank connecting link driving mechanism, and driving mechanism comprises piston rod, connecting rod and crank.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
The utility model has changed the course of work of gas in the annular gap by introducing phase modulating mechanism, can make full use of this portion gas expansion acting, and has stoped the air loss by sealing ring, thereby makes the G-M refrigeration machine obtain more performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the G-M refrigerator system schematic diagram of band phase modulation mechanism of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 introduces behind the G-M refrigeration machine one of gas process chart in the annular gap with phase modulating mechanism.
Fig. 3 introduces behind the G-M refrigeration machine in the annular gap two of the gas process chart with phase modulating mechanism.
Fig. 4 introduces behind the G-M refrigeration machine in the annular gap three of the gas process chart with phase modulating mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the built-in G-M refrigerator system figure of phase modulating mechanism.
Fig. 6 introduces the partial system diagram of two-stage G-M refrigeration machine with phase modulating mechanism.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figure 1.A kind of G-M refrigeration machine of band phase modulation mechanism, comprise compressor 1, intake valve 2, air bleeding valve 3, regenerator 4, cylinder 5, piston 6, hot chamber 7, cold chamber 8, driving mechanism, annular gap 13 and heat exchanger 14, the outlet side of described compressor 1 connects intake valve 2, the inlet end of compressor 1 connects air bleeding valve 3, intake valve 2, air bleeding valve 3 are communicated with regenerator 4 threes and are connected, regenerator 4 is connected with cylinder 5, is provided with heat exchanger 14 between regenerator 4 and the cylinder 5; Be provided with piston 6 in the cylinder 5, piston 6 belows are cold chamber 8, and piston 6 tops are hot chamber 7, are annular gap 13 between piston 6 and cylinder 5 inwalls, connect driving mechanism on the piston 6; Annular gap 13 is communicated with phase modulating mechanism.
Gas in the annular gap 13 can be divided into hot junction gas 20, gas piston 21 and cold junction gas 22.Gas piston 21 tops are hot junction gas, and gas piston 21 belows are cold junction gas.
Phase modulating mechanism comprises aperture valve 18 and air reservoir 19, by aperture valve 18 annular gap 13 is communicated with air reservoir 19; Be positioned at 13 top positions, annular gap between described piston 6 and the cylinder 5 and be provided with sealing ring 9, promptly described annular gap 13 is by cylinder 5 inwalls, piston 6 outer walls, and sealings such as sealing ring 9 form.Be used for regulating the phase relation of working gas in the annular gap 13, thereby improve the performance of G-M refrigeration machine.
Phase modulating mechanism of the present utility model can also be bidirection air intake mechanism or four valve systems or other the more effective phase modulating mechanisms that is communicated with cylinder 6 hot junctions.
The driving mechanism that connects on the piston 6 is the crank connecting link driving mechanism, and driving mechanism comprises piston rod 10, connecting rod 11 and crank 12.
As Fig. 5, be another kind of embodiment of the present utility model, be the built-in G-M refrigerator system figure of phase modulating mechanism.Phase modulating mechanism comprises built-in aperture valve 23 and air reservoir, and built-in aperture valve 23 places in the annular gap 13 in piston 6 hot junctions, and hot chamber 7 is as the air reservoir of phase modulating mechanism.
Intake valve 2 and air bleeding valve 3 all are under the room temperature.Control its opening and closing by machinery, be used for controlling by the air-flow of regenerator 4 and cylinder 5 and the pressure and the volume of circulation.
The backheat filler is housed in the regenerator 4.What hot and cold air replaced flows through it, plays a part to store and reclaim cold.Reach the purpose of heat exchange between hot and cold air by this effect, and set up the huge temperature difference between room temperature and the refrigeration machine cold junction.
Driving mechanism pumps piston 6 in cylinder 5, shown in four-headed arrow among Fig. 1.Described piston 6 places cylinder 5 inside; Described piston 6 is driven by toggle, pumps in cylinder 5, shown in four-headed arrow among Fig. 6, causes the hot chamber 7 of two dischargeable capacitys and the cold chamber 8 at cylinder two ends.The two is separated by sealing ring 9, piston 6 and cylinder 5.
Described hot chamber 7 is under the room temperature, and cold chamber 8 is under the low temperature.Thereby piston 6 and cylinder 5 all bearing huge longitudinal temperature gradient, so all be to make with the material of heat conductivility difference.The material of described cylinder 5 is generally selected stainless steel for use, and it has enough intensity and low thermal conductivity; And the material of piston 6 is generally selected bakelite for use, and it can reduce conductive heat loss, and because of proportion is little than stainless steel, piston 6 light weight can reduce reciprocal inertia force, and bakelite hardness is little, can not scratch cylinder 5 inwalls.
The work engineering of G-M refrigeration machine is summarized as follows: during beginning, controlling organization makes piston 6 be in cylinder 5 bottoms, meanwhile opens intake valve 2.Gases at high pressure from compressor 1 enter regenerator 4, the increased pressure of regenerator 4.After pressure balance, piston moves up from cylinder 5 bottoms, and meanwhile, the gases at high pressure that cool off through regenerator 4 enter cold chamber 8.Piston 6 moves to cylinder 5 tops, and intake valve cuts out.Open air bleeding valve, the gas in cold chamber 8 is communicated with low-pressure end through heat exchanger 14 and regenerator 4.At this moment, the gases at high pressure in the cold chamber are exitted to low-pressure side, obtain cold, and cold is spread out of by heat exchanger 14.Gas is got back to compressor after regenerator 4 heating.Simultaneously, piston 6 comes back to cylinder 5 bottoms, exhaust valve closure.Like this, go round and begin again, cold is continuously obtained in just energy continuous operation of whole system.
In vascular refrigerator, phase modulation structures such as aperture air reservoir can be regulated the mass flow of working gas and the phase relation between the pressure wave, can improve the performance of vascular refrigerator.
The utility model is introduced the G-M refrigeration machine with phase modulating mechanism, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, regulates the course of work of working gas in the annular gap 13.Gas in the annular gap 13 can be divided into three parts, hot junction gas 20, gas piston 21 and cold junction gases 22.When the gas in the annular gap 13 was compressed, hot junction gas 20 was pressed into air reservoir 19 by gas piston 21, and the position of the compression gas piston finish time 21 as shown in Figure 2; In like manner, in the swell refrigeration stage, cold junction gas 22 expands in cold chamber 8, and the position of the expansion gas piston finish time 21 as shown in Figure 4; Fig. 3 is the equilbrium position of gas piston 21 in compression or expansion process.The course of work of above-mentioned annular gap 13 is identical with the pulse tube refrigeration of band phase modulation mechanism, and the working gas in the annular gap 13 just produced cold effect by causing loss of refrigeration capacity to transfer to expand to do work originally, thereby made the G-M refrigeration machine obtain more performance.In addition, gas piston 21 has also stoped the air loss by sealing ring 9.
Fig. 6 introduces the partial system diagram of two-stage G-M refrigeration machine with phase modulating mechanism.
A kind of phase modulating mechanism is introduced partial two-stage G-M refrigeration machine, comprise compressor 1, intake valve 2, air bleeding valve 3, one-level cylinder 24, first stage piston 25, primary seal ring 26, the cold chamber 27 of one-level, secondary cylinder 28, second piston 29, the cold chamber 30 of secondary.The cold chamber 27 of described one-level can be considered hot chamber of secondary and secondary air reservoir.
Described compressor 1 is used to provide high-pressure gas refrigerant, as high-pressure helium.
Described intake valve 2 and air bleeding valve 3 all are under the room temperature, control its opening and closing by machinery, are used for controlling by the air-flow of first stage piston 25, second piston 29 and one-level cylinder 24, secondary cylinder 28 and the pressure and the volume of circulation.
Described one-level cylinder 24 and secondary cylinder 28 materials are stainless steel, and one-level cylinder 24 and secondary cylinder 28 can be overall structure.
Described second piston 29 comprises top cover 31, bottom 32, second piston tube 33, secondary backheat filler 34, hard silk screen 35-36 and felt 37 etc.; Between described second piston 29 and secondary cylinder 28 walls is matched in clearance, and the gap is 0.01-0.03 mm, and this gap can guarantee that piston freely moves back and forth in cylinder, can stop the cold chamber of secondary 30 gases directly to enter the hot chamber 27 of secondary again; Described second piston 29 is identical with the length of secondary cylinder 28.
The runner 38 that is communicated with second piston 29 inside and the cold chamber 30 of secondary is arranged on the described bottom 32, the external diameter of bottom 32 is less than about 0.05 mm of the external diameter of second piston 29, between top cover 32 and secondary cylinder 28 walls, just formed a gap like this, made working gas can pass in and out cold chamber 30 of secondary and second piston 29 inside.
There is passage 39 to be communicated with cold chamber 27 of one-level and second piston 29 inside on described top cover 31 and the first stage piston 25, and is connected to first stage piston 25, do pumping with first stage piston 25;
Described piston cylinder 33 has helicla flute 40, and helicla flute 40 extends to apart from about 30 mm places, top cover 31 tops from piston cylinder 33 bottoms, has straight trough 41 through helicla flute 40 ends to top cover 31 tops.
Described secondary backheat filler 34 such as shot, is contained in second piston 29 inside, and the bottom secures with hard silk screen 35-36 and felt 37, and the top is adopted in the same way and secured; Described secondary backheat filler 34 also can be other backheat fillers, such as magnetic backheat filler etc., also can be the different backheat fillers of multilayer.
During concrete work, described straight trough 41 can be considered aperture valve 18; The cold chamber 27 of described one-level can be considered air reservoir 19; The volume that surrounds between second piston tube 33 and secondary cylinder 28 walls can be considered vascular 17; So just, phase modulating mechanism has been introduced the second level of two-stage G-M refrigeration machine, removed second-level sealing ring simultaneously, the course of work of annular gap 13 is changed into the course of work of the vascular refrigerator of band phase modulation mechanism, make full use of this portion gas expansion and produce cold effect, and eliminated air loss and the friction loss of passing through sealing ring, thereby improve the performance of G-M refrigeration machine.
The just simple pm mode of introducing aperture air reservoir structure of present embodiment for obtaining more performance, can accurately calculate the size of aperture and air reservoir, perhaps introduces other more effective pm modes, such as bidirection air intake, four valve arrangements or the like.
The utility model does not relate to the part prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art to be realized.
Claims (6)
1. the G-M refrigeration machine of a band phase modulation mechanism, it is characterized in that comprising compressor (1), intake valve (2), air bleeding valve (3), regenerator (4), cylinder (5), piston (6), hot chamber (7), cold chamber (8), driving mechanism, annular gap (13) and heat exchanger (14), the outlet side of described compressor (1) connects intake valve (2), the inlet end of compressor (1) connects air bleeding valve (3), intake valve (2), air bleeding valve (3) is communicated with regenerator (4) three and is connected, regenerator (4) is connected with cylinder (5), is provided with heat exchanger (14) between regenerator (4) and the cylinder (5); Be provided with piston (6) in the cylinder (5), piston (6) below is cold chamber (8), and piston (6) top is hot chamber (7), is annular gap (13) between piston (6) and cylinder (5) inwall, and piston (6) is gone up and connected driving mechanism; Annular gap (13) is communicated with phase modulating mechanism.
2. the G-M refrigeration machine of a kind of band phase modulation mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described annular gap (13) can be divided into hot junction gas (20), gas piston (21) and cold junction gas (22).
3. the G-M refrigeration machine of a kind of band phase modulation mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described phase modulating mechanism comprises little ports valve (18) and air reservoir (19), and annular gap (13) are communicated with air reservoir (19) by little ports valve (18); Be positioned at top position, annular gap (13) between described piston (6) and the cylinder (5) and be provided with sealing ring (9).
4. the G-M refrigeration machine of a kind of band phase modulation mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that aperture air reservoir structure or bidirection air intake mechanism or four valve systems or other the more effective phase modulating mechanism of described phase modulating mechanism for being communicated with cylinder (6) hot junction.
5. the G-M refrigeration machine of a kind of band phase modulation mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described phase modulating mechanism can be built-in, comprise built-in little ports valve (23) and air reservoir, built-in little ports valve (23) places in the annular gap (13) in piston (6) hot junction, and hot chamber (7) are as the air reservoir of phase modulating mechanism.
6. the G-M refrigeration machine of a kind of band phase modulation mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described intake valve (2) and air bleeding valve (3) all are under the room temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205111050U CN201764746U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205111050U CN201764746U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms |
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| CN201764746U true CN201764746U (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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| CN2010205111050U Expired - Lifetime CN201764746U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulation mechanisms |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101900447A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-01 | 南京柯德超低温技术有限公司 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulating mechanism |
| CN104422192A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| WO2019232920A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-12 | 中船重工鹏力（南京）超低温技术有限公司 | Partition component for cold accumulator and low-temperature refrigerator adopting partition component |
| CN114543183A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Embedded air conditioner |
-
2010
- 2010-08-31 CN CN2010205111050U patent/CN201764746U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101900447A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-12-01 | 南京柯德超低温技术有限公司 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulating mechanism |
| WO2012027918A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-08 | 南京柯德超低温技术有限公司 | G-m refrigerator with phase adjusting mechanism |
| CN101900447B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-08-15 | 南京柯德超低温技术有限公司 | G-M refrigerator with phase modulating mechanism |
| CN104422192A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| US9791178B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-10-17 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| WO2019232920A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-12 | 中船重工鹏力（南京）超低温技术有限公司 | Partition component for cold accumulator and low-temperature refrigerator adopting partition component |
| CN114543183A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Embedded air conditioner |
| CN114543183B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-04-19 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Embedded air conditioner |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110316 Effective date of abandoning: 20120815 |