CN202425380U - Sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a solar greenhouse, which comprises a north wall, east and west side walls with support, heat storage and heat preservation functions, a rear roof, a front sill, a greenhouse frame, a transparent plastic film covering the frame, and a thermal insulation covering . Based on the optimized design of the existing solar greenhouse, the wall is obtained from local soil, rammed or mechanically rolled into a wall, and then wrapped with concrete masonry bricks, and the outer wall is made of plain concrete base and clear water wall; the front sill The outer edge of the concrete pouring is added with thermal insulation materials, and the top of the front sill is stepped to prevent wind and water from entering the greenhouse; the rear roof is made of wood board or asbestos tile, straw, soil, polystyrene board, plain concrete and Its sbs thermal insulation and waterproof materials and other composite materials; the facades of the north wall and the east and west side walls are trapezoidal, with an angle of 95o-115o to the ground, which reduces the shading area in the greenhouse and increases daylighting. The utility model has the advantages of large span, open and bright shed, large space, more lighting, heat preservation and heat storage, long service life, low cost and low manufacturing cost.

Description

a solar greenhouse

technical field

The utility model belongs to a solar greenhouse.

Background technique

At present, the solar greenhouses commonly used in the colder regions of the west and northeast of my country have unscientific structural design, small span, low lighting efficiency, poor heat preservation and heat storage effect, and are not conducive to the cultivation of agricultural products and vegetables in winter, resulting in high cost.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to design a solar greenhouse with large span, high lighting efficiency, good heat preservation and heat storage effect, and low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A solar greenhouse of the present utility model is characterized in that: the solar greenhouse is a greenhouse surrounded by walls on three sides and illuminated and ventilated on one side. The front sill, the skeleton of the greenhouse and the transparent plastic film covering the skeleton, as well as the insulation covering placed on the transparent plastic film, the wall is obtained from local soil, rammed or mechanically rolled into the wall, and then wrapped with concrete masonry Brick, the front sill is poured with concrete and the outer edge is bonded with thermal insulation materials, the top is stepped, the rear roof adopts a five-layer composite structure, and the facades of the north wall and the east and west side walls are trapezoidal.

The solar greenhouse described above, the wall structure is that the wall is obtained from local soil, rammed or mechanically rolled into a wall, and then wrapped with concrete masonry bricks, and the outer wrapped wall is made of plain concrete base, clear water wall, The thickness of the wall is 2.8m in the horizontal plane, and the thickness of the height of the back wall is 1.5m. It is characterized in that the cross section of the wall is trapezoidal.

The above-mentioned solar greenhouse, the outer edge of the front sill is poured with adhesive thermal insulation material, which is characterized in that the front sill of the greenhouse is cast-in-place concrete, and the adhesive thermal insulation material is polystyrene board or extruded plastic board. The outer edge of the sill is pasted, the height is as high as the horizontal plane, and the depth is the maximum freezing depth in the local area. The top of the front sill is in the shape of two steps. and water into the greenhouse.

Said solar greenhouse, said rear roof is made of five-layer composite material, which is characterized in that from the inside to the outside, it is wood board or asbestos tile, straw, soil, polystyrene board, steel mesh concrete and its sbs Waterproof thermal insulation waterproof material.

In the solar greenhouse described above, the plane of the side wall is arranged in a trapezoidal cross-section, which is characterized in that the angle between the east side wall and the west side wall and the ground is 95o-115o, which reduces the shading area in the greenhouse and increases daylighting.

The beneficial effects of the utility model: large span, open and bright shed, large space, more lighting, heat preservation and heat storage, long life, high strength, low cost and low cost.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of solar greenhouse;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front sill structure of the solar greenhouse;

Fig. 3 is a side view structure schematic diagram of the solar greenhouse;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the solar greenhouse.

Detailed ways

Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, in which: 1 outsourcing concrete masonry bricks, 2 rear roof five-layer composite structure, 3 front sill, 4 inner enclosing concrete masonry bricks, 5 inner aisle in greenhouse, 6 greenhouse wall, 7 polystyrene Vinyl or extruded polystyrene, 8 laminated rope loops.

A solar greenhouse of the present utility model, the solar greenhouse is a greenhouse surrounded by walls on three sides and illuminated and ventilated on one side. Greenhouse framework, transparent plastic film covering the framework, and thermal insulation covering placed on the transparent plastic film. The wall is made of local soil, rammed or mechanically rolled into a wall, and then wrapped with concrete masonry bricks 1, The front sill 3 is poured with thermal insulation material on the outer edge, the top is stepped, the rear roof adopts a five-layer composite structure 2, and the facades of the north wall and the east and west side walls are trapezoidal.

The solar greenhouse described above, the wall structure is that the wall is obtained from local soil, rammed or mechanically rolled into a wall, and then wrapped with concrete masonry bricks 1, the outer wrapped wall adopts a plain concrete base, and the clear water wall , the thickness of the wall is 2.8m in the horizontal plane, the thickness of the height of the back wall is 1.5m, and the cross section of the wall is trapezoidal.

The solar greenhouse described above, the front sill 3 is poured with a sticky heat-insulating material on the outer edge, the front sill 3 of the greenhouse is cast-in-place concrete, and the sticky heat-insulation material is a polystyrene board or an extruded plastic board 7, before the concrete The outer edge of the sill 3 is pasted, the height is the same as the horizontal plane, and the depth is the maximum freezing depth in the local area. The top of the front sill 3 is in the shape of two steps. Prevent wind and water from entering the greenhouse.

In the solar greenhouse, the rear roof adopts a five-layer composite structure 2, from the inside to the outside, which are wood boards or asbestos tiles, straw, soil, polystyrene boards, steel mesh concrete and its SBS waterproof insulation waterproof material. .

In the solar greenhouse, the side walls are arranged in a trapezoidal cross-section, and the east and west walls are at an angle of 95o-115o to the ground, which reduces the shading area in the greenhouse and increases daylighting.

Example

Solar Greenhouse Design and Construction

1. According to the conditions of the region, build the solar greenhouse wall 6 and heat insulation materials. The selection of materials generally follows the principles of local materials, economical and practical, excellent performance, and low cost. The solar greenhouse has a good daylighting roof, which can transmit sunlight to the maximum; it has strong thermal insulation and heat storage capacity, can minimize the heat dissipation of the greenhouse, and has a strong greenhouse effect; the length, width, ridge height and rear wall height of the greenhouse The size of the roof and back slope roof and the size of the greenhouse should be appropriate; the structure of the greenhouse has strong wind pressure resistance, strong snow load capacity, and earthquake resistance; the land should be fully and rationally used to save the area occupied by non-production parts as much as possible.

2. Structural design of solar greenhouse

a. Wall

The wall design of the solar greenhouse is based on the local reality first, and the wall structure that meets the thermal insulation requirements is designed. At the same time, considering the lack of building materials in the local area, from the consideration of practicality and economy, the rolled earth wall + brick-covered structure is used. This kind of wall absorbs heat. Strong heat and heat storage capacity, low construction cost. To build a solar greenhouse, when the thickness of the rolled earth wall is not less than 1.3m, the thickness of the Gary outsourcing brick is 1.8m, and the height above ±0.00m (horizontal plane) is 2.73m, so that the wall has the functions of heat preservation, heat storage, and support for the rear and front roofs , the lowest indoor temperature can meet the annual production needs.

b.skeleton

The steel skeleton structure is adopted, and the columns are steel pipes (Φ60, galvanized, wall thickness 3mm), with an interval of 3m. Double-chord framework (framework Φ40 galvanized steel pipe, wall thickness 3mm, lacquer 12mm, ties 14mm), the distance between them is 1m. Tie rods (Φ40 galvanized steel pipe, wall thickness 3mm), 4 in total. Columns, skeletons, and tie rods are welded to form a skeleton body. The front shed skeleton foot is poured in the front sill 3, and the back roof skeleton foot is poured in the groove inlay in the back wall or in the station pier. Ridge height: 4.5m from the furrow surface to the roof ridge, the horizontal projection length of the front roof is 7.20m, and the furrow surface is cut 0.5m below ±0.000m.

c. The front sill and the outer edge are integrally poured with concrete surface water tanks and pier pad corners of the skeleton station, and pre-embedded canopy membrane rope joints. The outer edge of the front sill is pasted with a 60mm polystyrene board 7, 1.3m below ±0.000m, and 0.3m above ±0.000m.

d. The rear roof, with an elevation angle of 40-45°, is composed of asbestos tiles or wooden boards, wood panels, plastic film-wrapped grass, polystyrene boards, steel mesh flow concrete, sbs waterproofing, etc. from the inside to the outside to form a composite rear roof.

e. Auxiliary facilities

Shed film: non-drip film with a thickness of 0.12 mm.

Nursing room: management room: through the gable east (or west) to connect to the greenhouse wall. The arched doorway (about 1.9m high and 0.8m wide) is built with clay bricks. The management room covers an area of 10.80m ² , with one door and one window.

In the greenhouse: set up reservoirs, drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation.

Specifications: The outer length of the greenhouse is more than 66m (extendable), the outer width is 11m, and the inner width (span) is 8m.

3. Construction Technology

f. For site selection, solar energy-saving greenhouses should first choose plots with low groundwater levels, relatively fertile soil, and relatively deep soil layers suitable for planting various vegetables. It is best to have no shade around the greenhouse, open terrain, east, south, and west sides No tall trees, buildings or hillsides for shade. The power supply and water supply are convenient, and the roads are smooth.

g. For site planning, use east-west extension and appropriate length. The distance between the front and rear greenhouses is 7m. In the planned site, lay out the wires for positioning, use lime powder to draw the length and width of the solar energy-saving greenhouse along the direction of the wires, and build walls.

h. Wall construction

First, first, level the field. Second, treat the soil of the plow layer and move the indoor mellow soil to the south. Pay attention to keep the original soil still at a distance of 1 meter from the inner wall. Third, deal with the wall foundation, take soil from the inside of the wall foundation, and compact the wall while taking soil. Fourth, when hitting the wall, all parts must be fully compacted to avoid cracks, peeling and collapse. The soil wall can be constructed by using boards on the wall or excavators on the wall. In production practice, the excavator is generally used to hit the wall. The thickness of the wall is 3.5-4.5m, which is economical and fast. Fifth, when the wall is 2.8m high, the back beam is embedded in the wall. After the back beam and skeleton are built, continue to increase the height of the wall and trim it to meet the requirements. Sixth, build inner and outer walls.

i. After the roof construction, one is to backfill the mellow soil taken out, apply enough base fertilizer, and deep plow and level off. The second is to bury the rear pillars. All the pillars have the same height and angle, and then tie them to the pillars with iron wires and fill them tightly. The third is to fix the rear beam, which corresponds to the rear column, and base the foundation stone (it is best to pour cement), and adjust them one by one to make the height and angle of all the skeletons consistent. The fourth is to cover the rear roof. After the rear column and the rear top beam are fixed, 4 horizontal tie rods can be pulled in the east-west direction on it, welded with the skeleton, and the two ends are fixed in the soil outside the greenhouse gable. After all the skeletons are fixed, a layer of asbestos tiles (wood board) can be laid on the entire rear roof, and then the insulation material is wrapped with plastic film and covered, and then leveled with polystyrene board, wood board and 60mm flow concrete deal with.

j. For the front roof construction and the front sill foundation, according to the local freezing depth, dig 1.4m down to lay the plain concrete wall cushion, pouring to 0.000m, corresponding to the skeleton at the front base of the greenhouse, all leveled at a distance of 1m, and embedded in the prefabricated foundation pier In the membrane plate, the pulling ring of the membrane rope is pre-buried at the same time, and all the concrete is poured on site. Bury 80mm polystyrene board at 1.0m of the outer wall base, then backfill and compact, dig water tanks, and plaster the surface with cement.

k. Skeleton. The skeleton of the solar energy-saving greenhouse includes steel frames, columns, rear roof beams, and skeletons. In order to save costs, the materials are purchased in Xining, and they are manufactured and installed on site. Welding on site according to the span of the greenhouse.

l. Lamination: Prepare the shed film. Choose a high thermal insulation dripping membrane with a thickness of 0.12mm and a width of 11m to rupture the membrane, and the length is 3 to 4m longer than the shed. Button film. Choose to close the shed at noon on a sunny day, open the shed film, and let it heat up. The two ends are respectively rolled into the lamination strip, and the other end is also fixed after the whole film is stretched.

m. Nursing room and channel: Before the framework is installed, a channel is dug on the west or east rear wall of the greenhouse, with a height of about 1.7m and a width of 0.8m, and bricks are used to form the vaulted channel, and then the nursing room is built.

4. Results analysis

After the completion of the construction, the solar greenhouse experiences the process of the external temperature of -15--19°C in winter, the lowest of which is -19°C. In the absence of any auxiliary heat source, the indoor temperature is not lower than 5°C, which is sufficient for the growth of vegetables. Strawberries, peppers, zucchini, cabbage and other famous fruits and vegetables are growing well. By mid-February, the planted strawberries and peppers are ready to be picked and eaten. It shows that the structure and construction technology of the greenhouse meet the needs of local production, and it is an ideal solar greenhouse.

The solar greenhouse adopts rammed earth walls, the inner and outer layers are wrapped with masonry concrete bricks, local materials are obtained, and local construction saves construction costs and reduces the cost of the greenhouse. At the same time, the inside and outside are covered with bricks, and the back roof is treated with concrete, which reduces the erosion of rainwater and increases the service life of the greenhouse.

Claims (5)

1. greenhouse by solar heat, it is characterized in that: this greenhouse by solar heat is the greenhouse of three ringwalls, a lighting and ventilation, includes north wall, east, the west both walls of support, accumulation of heat, heat insulation function; Back roofing, Qian Kan (3), Keelof green house and be covered in the overlay on the skeleton, and place the insulation covering on the transparent plastic film, body of wall fetches earth on the spot; Rammer beats or cal rolling becomes body of wall; Interior again Outsourcing Concrete masonry brick (1), preceding bank (3) concrete is built the outer and is added sticking insulation material, and the top is a stairstepping; Back roofing adopts five layers of composite construction, and north wall and thing side wall facade are trapezoidal.

2. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that the body of wall cross section is trapezoidal.

3. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that bank is that concrete is cast-in-place before this greenhouse, and adding sticking insulation material is XPS or extruded sheet (7); Paste in concrete Qian Kan outer, height is high together with horizontal plane, and the degree of depth is that local maximum is frozen deeply; The Qian Kan top is two stairsteppings; The facade gradient is identical with preceding bank skeleton between two ladders, and becomes a facade, is beneficial to press mold and prevents that wind and water from getting into the greenhouse.

4. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that from inside to outside, is respectively plain concrete of woodwork plate or asbestos shingle, stalk, earth, XPS and steel mesh and the waterproof thermal-insulated waterproof material of sbs.

5. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that east side wall and west side wall and ground angle 95o-115o, has reduced the area that shades in the greenhouse, increases daylighting.

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