CN206346830U - Bicyclic cylinder twin crankshaft engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-ring cylinder double-crankshaft engine, which belongs to the technical field of engines. The utility model comprises: two oppositely arranged inner cavities are made into circular circular curved cylinders, piston inlets are left at both ends of the cylinders, a central shaft is arranged between the two cylinders, two double-headed pistons, the double-headed pistons include The two ends of the piston arm are fixed with piston heads, and the piston arm is hinged on the central shaft. A sealed combustion chamber is formed between two opposite piston heads in the cylinder. It also includes two crankshafts and a gear output assembly. A connecting rod is hinged between the piston arm and the crankshaft, and the crankshaft, connecting rod, piston arm and central shaft form a crank-rocker mechanism that makes the two double-headed pistons swing synchronously; the utility model effectively reduces the wear and impact of the piston and the cylinder liner, It greatly improves the reliability of the application of ceramic materials on the engine, improves the actual thermal efficiency, and has a simpler structure and stable output.

Description

Double-circle double-crank engine

technical field

The utility model relates to a ring-cylinder engine, which belongs to the technical field of engines.

Background technique

At present, in the field of engines, a gasoline engine is an internal combustion engine that approximately follows the Otto cycle, and its actual thermal efficiency is about 30%; a diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that approximately follows the Diesel cycle, and its actual thermal efficiency is about 35%. Whether it is a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, the actual thermal efficiency ratio Theoretical thermal efficiency is much lower. One of the main reasons for this phenomenon is that parts such as cylinder liners and pistons that are in direct contact with high-temperature gas are made of metal materials with poor thermal insulation effect. The continuous and reliable work of metal materials depends on the cooling system. Continuously cool the heat energy it absorbs from the closed combustion chamber. Ceramic material is a material with good heat insulation effect. If the parts of cylinder liner, piston and other parts in direct contact with high-temperature gas are made of ceramic material, the actual thermal efficiency can be improved, but the low reliability caused by the brittleness of ceramic material becomes Its application on the technical obstacle on the engine.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a double-ring cylinder double-crankshaft engine, which can effectively reduce the wear and impact of the piston and the cylinder liner, greatly improve the reliability of ceramic materials applied to the engine, and improve the actual thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, the structure is simple, the output is stable, and the manufacturability is good.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: a double-ring cylinder double-crankshaft engine, comprising:

Two oppositely arranged cylinders, the inner cavity of the cylinder is made into a ring-shaped curved surface. The circular curved surface refers to a space curved surface formed by a circle in a plane rotating around an axis in the plane. The circle in the plane is called The creation circle of the circular surface, the axis is called the creation axis, and the vertical distance from the center of the circle to the creation axis is called the creation radius; there are piston inlets at both ends of the cylinder, and a central axis is arranged between the two cylinders. the axis of the central axis coincides with said creation axis;

Two double-headed pistons arranged in pairs and matched with the cylinder, each double-headed piston includes a piston arm, the two ends of the piston arm are fixed with piston heads, and the middle part of the piston arm protrudes with a hinged end hinged on the On the central axis, the outer surface of the piston head is made into a ring-shaped curved surface adapted to the inner cavity of the cylinder. Equal, the piston head extends from both ends of each cylinder, a sealed combustion chamber is formed between two opposite piston heads in the cylinder, and there is a gap between the inner cavity of the cylinder and the outer surface of the piston head to ensure The movement of the piston can also ensure the small clearance of the combustion chamber. The exhaust hole and the intake hole of the cylinder are arranged in pairs on the cylinder wall. The position of the exhaust hole and the intake hole is between the inner end surface of the piston head and the The range between the outer end faces of the piston head at the inner dead center;

Two crankshafts cooperating with the double-headed pistons, the two crankshafts are respectively arranged on the outside of the two double-headed pistons, each crankshaft has a crank pin, and a connecting rod is hinged between the crank pin and the piston arm, each side The piston arm is provided with a hinge point near any piston head, and the connecting rod is hinged on the hinge point through a pin shaft. The crankshafts, connecting rods, piston arms and the central shaft on both sides form a structure to make the two double-headed pistons swing synchronously. , and the crank rocker mechanism that the piston head reciprocates around the central axis between the inner and outer dead centers; the same end of the two crankshafts is equipped with transmission gears, and the same end of the central axis and the crankshaft is installed with a center The output gear, the central output gear meshes with the two transmission gears.

A guide block is fixed on the outside of the cylinder, and the guide block has an inner arc surface adapted to the circular trajectory of the double-headed piston. The piston arm has an arc-shaped guide block, and the outer side of the arc-shaped guide block has a guide block The inner arc surface of the block matches the outer arc surface.

The piston arm is a double-layer plate structure, each plate structure is fan-shaped, and the middle part of the narrow end of the fan is connected to the hinged end.

The two cylinders are connected as a whole through the cylinder body, the middle part of the cylinder body is provided with a piston hinge cavity and a shaft cavity, the hinge end of the double-headed piston is placed in the piston hinge cavity, and the central shaft Pass through the shaft cavity and the hinged end at the same time.

The parts of the piston head and the cylinder in direct contact with the high-temperature gas are made of ceramic materials.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model provides a new type of engine, which can transfer the force acting point from the high temperature, high pressure and high speed reciprocating action area of the piston and the cylinder liner to other low temperature and easy lubricating areas, so as to realize the There is no other force between the cylinders except the back pressure of the piston ring, so that the cylinder liner, piston and other parts made of ceramic materials can only bear the pressure load of high-temperature gas, and realize the improvement without increasing the toughness and manufacturing cost of the ceramic material. its reliability and service life. Compared with the prior art, the connecting rod of the utility model is directly connected with the piston, and the compression stiffness of the connecting rod is much larger than the bending stiffness of the piston arm. 0.1mm, so the utility model can really effectively reduce the friction and impact between the piston and the cylinder liner in practice, there is no other force between the piston and the cylinder liner except the back pressure of the piston ring, and the cylinder liner, which is in direct contact with the high-temperature gas, Parts such as pistons can be made of ceramic materials, which greatly improves thermal efficiency.

Compared with linear reciprocating engines, rotary engines can use space more effectively, and their volume is relatively small. Compared with the traditional two-stroke engine, the air intake hole and the exhaust hole of the utility model are respectively located on both sides of the cylinder, and the direct-flow scavenging method can minimize the amount of residual exhaust gas in the cylinder. One cylinder has two opposed pistons, and the two opposed pistons act at the same time, and the acting forces cancel each other out. The balance of the whole machine is good and the vibration is small. It is more balanced and stable. For a group of cylinders, each crankshaft only needs one crankpin and one connecting rod, which reduces the complexity of the structure, has good manufacturability, and is easy to manufacture and promote.

Description of drawings

Below according to accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the back view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is the utility model cylinder and cylinder block structural representation;

Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a double-headed piston of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a left side view of Fig. 9 .

In the figure, 1, cylinder, 2, exhaust hole, 3, double-headed piston, 4, crankshaft, 4-1, crank pin, 5, piston arm, 5-1, arc-shaped guide block, 6, piston head, 6 -1, the outer surface, 6-2, the outer end surface of the piston head, 6-3, the inner end surface of the piston head, 7, the hinged end, 8, the central axis, 9, the air intake hole, 10, the combustion chamber, 11, the pin shaft, 12, connecting rod, 13, transmission gear, 14, guide block, 15, cylinder body, 15-1, piston hinge chamber, 15-2, shaft chamber, 16, center output gear.

detailed description

A double-ring double-crankshaft engine as shown in Figures 1-10, comprising: two oppositely arranged cylinders 1, the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 is made into a circular curved surface, and the circular curved surface refers to: The space surface formed by a circle rotating around an axis in the plane, the circle in the plane is called the creation circle of the circular surface, the axis is called the creation axis, and the vertical distance from the center of the creation circle to the creation axis is called the creation Radius; piston inlets are reserved at both ends of cylinder 1.

A central shaft 8 is arranged between the two cylinders 1, and the axis of the central shaft coincides with the creation axis;

Two double-headed pistons 3 arranged in pairs and matched with the cylinder 1, each double-headed piston includes a piston arm 5, the two ends of the piston arm are fixed with piston heads 6, and the middle part of the piston arm has a hinged end 7 Hinged on the central axis 8, the outer surface 6-1 of the piston head 6 is made into a circular curved surface adapted to the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, and the circular curved surface is in line with the circle of the inner cavity of the cylinder 1. The creation axes of the annular curved surfaces are coincident and the creation radii are equal. The piston head 6 extends from both ends of each cylinder, and a sealed combustion chamber 10 is formed between two relative piston heads in the cylinder. The cylinder 1 There is a small gap between the inner cavity and the outer surface of the piston head 6, which can not only ensure the movement of the piston, but also ensure the sealing of the combustion chamber. The exhaust hole 2 and the intake hole 9 are arranged in pairs on the cylinder wall, and the position of the exhaust hole and the intake hole is at the inner end surface 6-3 of the piston head at the outer dead center of the piston and at the outer end surface of the piston head at the inner dead center. Range between 6-2.

Two crankshafts 4 cooperating with the double-headed piston 3, the two crankshafts 4 are respectively arranged on the outside of the two double-headed pistons 3, each side crankshaft 4 has a crank pin 4-1, the crank pin 4-1 and A connecting rod 12 is hinged between the piston arms 5, and a hinge point is arranged at a position near any piston head of the piston arm 5 on each side. The connecting rod 12 is hinged on the hinge point by a pin shaft 11. Rod, piston arm and central shaft 8 constitute the crank rocker mechanism that makes two double-headed pistons swing synchronously, and the piston heads reciprocate around the central shaft between inner and outer dead centers; the same end of the two crankshafts 4 is installed Transmission gear 13 is arranged, and central output gear 16 is installed on the same end of described central shaft 8 and described crankshaft 4, and central output gear 16 is meshed with two described transmission gears 13.

The outside of the cylinder is fixed with a guide block 14, the guide block has an inner arc surface adapted to the circular trajectory of the double-headed piston, the piston arm 5 has an arc guide block 5-1, and the arc guide block The outer side of 5-1 has an outer arc surface adapted to the inner arc surface of the guide block.

The piston arm 5 is a double-layer plate structure, each plate structure is fan-shaped, and the middle part of the narrow end of the fan is connected to the hinged end 7 . The piston arm 5 can also adopt other shapes, preferably a symmetrical form, as long as it is convenient for the connection of the hinge point and the connecting rod and does not affect the movement of the piston.

The two cylinders 1 are connected as a whole through the cylinder body 15, and the middle part of the cylinder body 15 is provided with a piston hinge chamber 15-1 and a shaft chamber 15-2, and the hinge end 7 of the double-headed piston is placed in the In the piston hinge cavity 15-1, the central shaft 8 passes through the shaft cavity 15-2 and the hinge end 7 at the same time.

The parts of the piston head 6 and the cylinder 1 that are in direct contact with the high-temperature gas are made of ceramic materials.

The utility model is a two-stroke engine, the working principle is:

In the crank rocker mechanism of the utility model, after ignition, the gas in the combustion chamber expands, and the two piston heads in the same cylinder move in reverse, driving the crankshafts on both sides to rotate, and output power through the gear set, and the crankshaft rotates one circle (360 degrees). Complete a cycle, complete the compression and expansion of gas. The suction port and the exhaust port are respectively arranged on the side of the cylinder, that is, both sides and/or the outer peripheral surface side, and the direct-current scavenging method minimizes the residual exhaust gas in the cylinder. When one of the outer pistons is at the outer dead center, the suction port and the exhaust port of the cylinder where it is located are opened, and the ventilation process is completed instantly. The power of the two-stroke of the utility model with the same displacement can be 1.75-1.95 of the power of the four-stroke. times. The utility model can really effectively reduce the friction and impact between the piston and the cylinder liner in practice, there is no other force between the piston and the cylinder liner except the back pressure of the piston ring, and the cylinder liner, piston and other parts that are in direct contact with the high-temperature gas It can be made of ceramic materials, which greatly improves the thermal efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. A double-circle cylinder double crankshaft engine, characterized in that: comprising: Two oppositely arranged cylinders (1), the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) is made into an annular curved surface, and the annular curved surface refers to a space curved surface formed by a circle in a plane rotating around an axis in the plane, The circle in the plane is called the creation circle of the circular surface, the axis is called the creation axis, and the vertical distance from the center of the creation circle to the creation axis is called the creation radius; the two ends of the cylinder (1) have piston inlets, A central shaft (8) is arranged between the two cylinders (1), and the axis of the central shaft coincides with the creation axis; Two double-headed pistons (3) arranged in pairs and matched with the cylinder (1), each double-headed piston includes a piston arm (5), the two ends of the piston arm are fixed with piston heads (6), the piston arm A hinged end (7) protrudes from the middle part and is hinged on the central shaft (8), and the outer surface (6-1) of the piston head (6) is made to fit the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) The circular surface of the circular surface coincides with the creation axis of the circular surface of the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) and has the same radius. The piston head (6) extends from both ends of each cylinder, and the cylinder A sealed combustion chamber (10) is formed between the two opposing piston heads, and there is a gap between the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) and the outer surface of the piston head (6) to ensure both piston movement and combustion. There is a small gap in the chamber seal, the exhaust hole (2) and the intake hole (9) of the cylinder are arranged in pairs on the cylinder wall, and the position of the exhaust hole and the intake hole is on the inner end surface of the piston head at the outer dead center of the piston ( 6-3) and the range between the outer end surface (6-2) of the piston head at the inner dead center; Two crankshafts (4) that cooperate with the double-headed pistons (3), the two crankshafts (4) are respectively arranged on the outside of the two double-headed pistons (3), and there is a crankpin on each crankshaft (4) (4-1), a connecting rod (12) is hinged between the crank pin (4-1) and the piston arm (5), and a hinge point is set on each side of the piston arm (5) close to any piston head, the The connecting rod (12) is hinged on the hinge point through the pin shaft (11), and the crankshafts, connecting rods, piston arms and the central shaft (8) on both sides form a structure to make the two double-headed pistons swing synchronously, with the piston heads inside, A crank rocker mechanism reciprocating around the central axis between the outer dead centers; a transmission gear (13) is installed at the same end of the two crankshafts (4), and the central axis (8) and the crankshaft (4) A central output gear (16) is installed at the same end, and the central output gear (16) meshes with the two transmission gears (13). 2. The double-circle cylinder double crankshaft engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a guide block (14) is fixed on the outside of the cylinder, and the guide block has an inner circular arc surface adapted to the circular trajectory of the double-headed piston , the piston arm (5) has an arc-shaped guide block (5-1), and the outer side of the arc-shaped guide block (5-1) has an outer arc surface adapted to the inner arc surface of the guide block. 3. The double-circle cylinder double-crankshaft engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston arm (5) is a double-layer plate-like structure, each plate-like structure is fan-shaped, and the middle part of the narrow end of the fan-shaped is connected to the hinged end (7). 4. The double-circle cylinder double crankshaft engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two cylinders (1) are connected as a whole through the cylinder body (15), and the middle part of the cylinder body (15) is provided with a piston hinge chamber (15-1) and the shaft chamber (15-2), the hinged end (7) of the double-headed piston is placed in the piston hinged chamber (15-1), and the central shaft (8) simultaneously Pass through the shaft cavity (15-2) and the hinged end (7). 5. The double-circle cylinder double-crankshaft engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the piston head (6) and the cylinder (1) in direct contact with the high-temperature gas are made of ceramic materials.