CN206828811U - Washing machine and its speed-reducing clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

It the utility model is related to washing machine field, disclose a kind of washing machine and its speed-reducing clutch, the speed-reducing clutch includes upper fluted disc (40), lower tooth disk (60), clutch and deceleration transmission component etc., upper fluted disc (40) fixed setting, the lower tooth disk (60) are oppositely arranged with the upper fluted disc (40) and are connected with power input shaft (11)；The clutch is configured to be steered is engaged in one of the upper fluted disc (40) and the lower tooth disk (60) to be optionally driven.Speed-reducing clutch of the present utility model is easy to so that clutch is contained between upper and lower fluted disc, and overall structure simplification is simultaneously compacter, so as to increase effective wash volume.

Description

Washing machine and its reduction clutch

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of washing machines, in particular to a deceleration clutch of a washing machine. On this basis, the utility model also relates to a washing machine with the deceleration clutch.

Background technique

The washing machine transmission system (deceleration clutch) is an important part of the washing machine, which has four functions of transmission, deceleration, clutch and brake. In the washing condition, the power of the motor is decelerated and torque-increased through the transmission mechanism and the deceleration mechanism, and then transmitted to the pulsator; during elution conversion, the clutch mechanism is driven by the drive mechanism, so that the pulsator and the inner tub are fixedly connected through the transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism, and the deceleration is achieved. The mechanism does not work, and the motor power is directly transmitted to the pulsator and the inner tub; after the dehydration is completed, the braking mechanism slows down the inner tub to a stop, the clutch mechanism resets, and the washing machine returns to the washing state.

Compared with the traditional clutch using wrapping spring clutch, tooth meshing clutch is widely used in washing machine with high capacity and high reliability. Lever type shift fork clutch mechanism is a common clutch form of tooth meshing clutch. Generally, the upper toothed plate fixed on the mounting bracket and the lower toothed plate fixed on the driving source are slidably connected to the input shaft sleeve through splines. It is composed of the clutch ring gear, the fork device which is rotatably connected with the mounting bracket and the driving mechanism of the fork device. When clutching, the driving mechanism drives the shift fork device to rotate in the vertical plane of the clutch, thereby driving the clutch ring gear to move up and down, and completes the meshing or separation with the upper (lower) tooth plate clutch teeth to realize the elution conversion.

The existing lever-type tooth meshing clutches generally have a complicated clutch drive structure and a large number of parts. Some of them need to be equipped with a separate drive motor or guide mechanism to complete the clutch action; the design of the axial dimension is not compact enough, which wastes the axial space of the clutch. The washing capacity is reduced while the volume of the washing machine remains the same; the contact position cannot be adjusted when the shift fork is assembled. It is unreasonable, it is difficult to enter the meshing, and the meshing noise is large; some parts are designed redundantly, resulting in double waste of space and materials.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a deceleration clutch in order to overcome the problems of complex structure and loose design in the prior art. The deceleration clutch has the advantages of simplified structure and compact design.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a deceleration clutch for a washing machine on the one hand, comprising: an upper toothed plate and a lower toothed plate, the upper toothed plate is fixedly arranged, the lower toothed plate is opposite to the upper toothed plate and connected to a power input shaft; a clutch mechanism configured to be manipulated to be selectively transmission-engaged with one of the upper chainring and the lower chainring; and a reduction transmission assembly, the reduction transmission assembly It includes a washing drive train and a dehydration drive train. The wash drive train includes a wash shaft and a planetary gear set that is drive-connected between the wash shaft and the power input shaft. The dehydration drive train includes The power input shaft sleeve, the dehydration shaft sleeve, and the brake disc fixedly connected between the power input shaft sleeve and the dehydration shaft sleeve, the power input shaft extends through the power input shaft sleeve, and the washing A shaft extends through the dewatering sleeve.

Preferably, the opposite sides of the upper toothed plate and the lower toothed plate are respectively formed with a first engaging tooth portion and a second engaging tooth portion, and the two ends of the clutch mechanism respectively have an upper tooth portion and a lower tooth portion , the clutch mechanism is installed between the lower chainring and the upper chainring and can be manipulated to slide toward one of them, so that the first engaging tooth part is engaged with the upper tooth part or the first toothing part. The two engaging teeth are engaged with the lower teeth.

Preferably, the clutch mechanism includes a clutch ring gear and a clutch pressure spring, the upper teeth and the lower teeth are respectively formed at both ends of the clutch ring, and the clutch ring is formed with an opening facing the The accommodating groove of the upper toothed plate, the clutch pressure spring is installed in the accommodating groove.

Preferably, the clutch ring gear has a first spline hole, and the power input sleeve has a first spline portion that is constantly meshed with the first spline hole.

Preferably, the lower sprocket is integrally formed on a pulley, the pulley has a second spline hole, and the power input shaft has a second spline portion that is interference fit with the second spline hole.

Preferably, the pulley has a spline washer disposed at an end of the second spline hole.

Preferably, the deceleration clutch includes a housing and a cover plate mounted on the housing, the upper chainring is fixed on the side of the housing away from the cover plate, and the planetary gear set is housed in In the inner cavity of the housing, the power input shaft and the washing shaft respectively pass through the housing and the cover plate and are connected to the planetary gear set by transmission.

Preferably, the power input shaft has a sun gear, and the planetary gear set includes a planetary carrier, a planetary gear mounted on the planetary carrier and meshing with the sun gear, an inner ring gear surrounding and meshing with the planetary gear , the ring gear is circumferentially engaged with the power input shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the planet carrier is formed with a third spline hole, and the washing shaft has a third spline portion that is interference fit with the third spline hole.

Preferably, a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism is installed on the housing and/or the cover plate, and the clutch control mechanism includes a shift lever installed through a shift lever shaft and a shift fork installed through a shift fork shaft , the shift lever has a clutch guide surface, and the clutch guide surface has an inclination along the pivoting circumferential direction around the shift lever shaft relative to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift lever shaft, and the shift fork is at the One side of the shift fork shaft has a shift fork top column that abuts against the clutch guide surface, and on the other side, one end of the shift fork abuts against the shift lever, and the other end is operatively connected to the clutch mechanism .

Preferably, the shift lever shaft and the shift fork shaft are mounted on the housing through a bracket, the shift lever shaft is sleeved with a shift lever spring that biases the shift lever, and the shift fork shaft is A shift fork spring biasing the shift fork is sleeved.

Preferably, one end of the shift fork top column abutting against the clutch guide surface is provided with a wear-resistant member, and/or, the shift fork top column is adjustable to abut against the clutch guide surface.

Preferably, the shift lever shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the power input shaft, and the shift fork shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift lever shaft.

Preferably, said lever is connected with a brake band which can be manipulated to contact or move away from said brake disc.

Preferably, the upper chainring is formed with an opening, the shift fork extends through the opening to be operatively connected to the clutch mechanism, and/or, the housing is at a position close to the upper chainring An escape portion for passing the shift fork is formed.

Preferably, bushings are respectively installed in the power input bushing and the dehydration bushing, and are respectively pivotally mounted to the casing and the cover plate through bearings.

The second aspect of the utility model provides a washing machine with the above-mentioned deceleration clutch.

Through the above technical solution, the deceleration clutch of the present utility model realizes dewashing conversion by selectively engaging the clutch mechanism with the upper toothed plate or the lower toothed plate, thereby facilitating the clutch mechanism to be accommodated between the upper and lower toothed plates, and the overall structure Simplified and more compact, enabling an increase in effective washing volume.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a deceleration clutch in a washing condition according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic right view of the deceleration clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the reduction clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic rear view of the reduction clutch in Fig. 1 under the dehydration working condition;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bracket for installing the clutch control mechanism of the deceleration clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the housing of the deceleration clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower chainring of the deceleration clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper chainring of the deceleration clutch in Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the upper chainring in Fig. 8 viewed from another perspective.

Explanation of reference signs

1-housing; 2-bracket; 3-first engaging gear; 4-second engaging gear; 5-clutch ring gear; Nut; 10-cover plate; 11-power input shaft; 11a-second spline part; 12-power input shaft sleeve; 12a-first spline part; 13-brake band; 14-brake disc; 16-bearing ; 17-washing shaft; 17a-the third spline; 18-dehydration shaft sleeve; 21-shift fork shaft; 22-shift lever shaft; 23-brake pin; 24-shift lever spring; -clutch pressure spring; 27-bush; 28-sun gear; 29-planetary gear; 30-internal gear; 31-planet carrier; 311-third spline hole; 34-lock screw; 35-oil storage felt; 36-spline spacer; 40-upper sprocket; 50-pulley; 501-second spline hole; 503-groove; 60-lower spline; 102-location hole; 103-thread hole; 104-avoidance ;302-locating pin; 303-installation hole; 304-opening; 51-upper tooth; 52-lower tooth; 53-receiving groove; 54-first spline hole; 61-clutch guide surface; 602-drive Department; 702-connecting arm; 81-wearing parts.

detailed description

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 , a driving system of a washing machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to selectively drive the washing machine to perform washing operation or dehydration operation. Wherein, the drive system includes an upper toothed plate 40, a lower toothed plate 60, a clutch mechanism, a reduction transmission assembly, and the like. In a further preferred embodiment, it also includes an installation structure used as an installation base (such as the housing 1, etc.) and a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lower sprocket 60 is integrally formed on the pulley 50, and the pulley 50 has a second spline hole 501, and the power input shaft 11 has a second spline that is interference fit with the second spline hole 501. The key portion 11a can output power through the rotation of the pulley 50, and drive the pulsator and/or the inner tub of the washing machine to rotate.

The side of the upper toothed plate 40 facing the lower toothed plate 60 has an integrally injection-molded first engagement tooth portion 3 , which meshes with the upper tooth portion 51 of the clutch ring gear 5 in the washing condition. A positioning pin 302 and a mounting hole 303 are provided on the upper surface of the upper chainring 40 for positioning and mounting on the lower end of the housing 1 described later. An opening 304 is also provided on the upper chainring 40 for accommodating the connecting arm 702 of the clutch control mechanism.

The pulley 60 is an integral injection molded part, on which the second engaging tooth part 4 meshing with the clutch ring gear 5 is integrally injection molded, and meshes with the lower tooth part 52 of the clutch ring gear 5 in the dehydration working condition. The pulley 50 is also integrally molded with a second spline hole 501 that is interference-fitted with the spline shaft (second spline portion 11a) at the lower end of the power input shaft 11. The lower end of the second spline hole 501 is provided with a receiving groove 53, so The accommodating groove 53 is used for installing the locking screw 34 . After the locking screw 34 is locked, the highest point of its head does not exceed the upper end surface of the receiving groove 53 . The pulley 50 is also fixed with a spline washer 36 made of metal, and the spline washer 36 is arranged on the upper end of the second spline hole 501 .

The clutch mechanism includes a clutch ring gear 5, the upper end of the clutch ring gear 5 has an upper tooth portion 51 for engaging with the first engaging tooth portion 3 of the upper chainring 40, and the lower end has a second engagement tooth portion for engaging with the lower chainring 60. The toothing 4 engages the lower toothing 52 . The clutch ring gear 5 is accommodated in the cavity between the upper toothed plate 40 and the lower toothed plate 60, and can slide toward one of the upper toothed plate 40 and the lower toothed plate 60 under the action of the clutch control mechanism, so that The upper tooth portion 51 or the lower tooth portion 52 is correspondingly engaged with the first engaging tooth portion 3 and the second engaging tooth portion 4 .

An accommodating groove 53 is formed at one end of the clutch ring gear 5 facing the upper toothed plate 40 , in which the clutch pressure spring 26 is accommodated, and can reduce weight. There is a first spline hole 54 in the center hole of the clutch ring gear 5 , and the first spline hole 54 is constantly engaged with the first spline portion 12 a of the power input bushing 12 . Thus, in the washing condition, the lower toothed disc 60 drives the power input shaft 11 to rotate, thereby causing the pulsator to rotate; at the same time, the clutch ring gear 5 is constrained to have its upper tooth portion 51 meshed with the first tooth of the upper toothed disc 40 . The gear part 3 is engaged, thereby locking the power input bushing 12 and the inner tub connected by transmission. When dehydration is required, it can be controlled such that the clutch ring gear 5 slides toward the rotor part 50 until the lower tooth part 52 engages with the second engaging tooth part 4, thus, the rotation of the rotor part 50 passes through the power input shaft 11 and the power input shaft simultaneously. The shaft sleeve 12 transmits.

For ease of description, according to different transmission paths under different working conditions, the reduction transmission assembly includes a washing transmission system and a dehydration transmission system. Wherein, the washing transmission system includes a planetary gear set and a washing shaft 17 , the planetary gear set has an inner ring gear 30 , a planet carrier 31 and a planetary gear 29 , and the power input shaft 11 is integrally formed with a sun gear 28 and meshes with the planetary gear 29 . The planet carrier 31 has a third spline hole 311 , and the washing shaft 17 has a third spline portion 17 a that is interference-fitted with the third spline hole 311 . Thus, the power input shaft 11 rotates under the drive of the rotor part 50, and drives the planetary gear 29 to rotate; and because the ring gear 30 is circumferentially fixed on the power input shaft sleeve 12 (at this time, it is locked circumferentially by the clutch ring gear 5) Can not rotate, so the power is decelerated and transmitted to the washing shaft 17, so as to perform the washing operation.

The dehydration transmission system includes a power input shaft sleeve 12 , a brake disc 14 and a dehydration shaft sleeve 18 that are often engaged with the clutch ring gear 5 . In the dehydration working condition in which the clutch ring gear 5 is switched so that its lower tooth portion 52 meshes with the second engagement tooth portion 4 of the rotor portion 50, the rotor portion 50 drives the power input shaft 11 and the power input shaft sleeve 12 to rotate at a constant speed, and the power The input shaft sleeve 12 and the dehydration shaft sleeve 18 are fixedly connected to the two axial ends of the brake disc 14 respectively, so that the inner barrel is driven to rotate through the dehydration shaft sleeve 18 . At the same time, the power input shaft 11 still transmits the rotation to the planetary gear set, but because the ring gear 30 can be rotated by the power input shaft sleeve 12, the planetary gear set can transmit the rotation of the power input shaft 11 to the washing machine at a constant speed. Axis 17. Therefore, the inner barrel and the pulsator have the same angular velocity.

The power input bushing 12 and the dehydration bushing 18 can be respectively installed with a bushing 27 , and are respectively pivotally mounted to the casing 1 and the cover plate 10 through the bearing 16 . Wherein, the bushing 27 may only be located at the end of the power input shaft sleeve 12 or the dehydration shaft sleeve 18, and an oil storage felt 35 may be arranged therebetween. The housing 1 and the cover plate 10 can be used as a mounting basis for the entire drive system.

Specifically, the stator portion 40 of the motor assembly may have a positioning pin 302 and a mounting hole 303 , and the positioning hole 102 and the threaded hole 103 are correspondingly formed at the end of the housing 1 . Thus, in the installation process, the installation position can be determined by first inserting the positioning pin 302 into the positioning hole 102, and the stator part 40 of the motor assembly can be fixed by a fastener such as a bolt passing through the installation hole 303 and the threaded hole 103. It is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The aforementioned planetary gear set can be accommodated in the inner cavity of the casing 1 , and the power input shaft 11 and the washing shaft 17 respectively pass through the casing 1 and the cover plate 10 and are connected to the planetary gear set in transmission.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism is mounted on the housing 1 and/or the cover plate 10 , and the clutch control mechanism includes a shift lever 6 and a shift fork 7 . Wherein, the driving lever 6 is installed on the housing 1 through the driving lever shaft 22, and has a clutch guide surface 61, and the clutch guiding surface 61 is opposite to the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving lever shaft 22 (ie, the normal plane of the pivot axis). ) has an inclination angle; the shift fork 7 is mounted on the housing 1 through the shift fork shaft 21, and has a shift fork top post 8, the shift fork top post 8 can be an adjusting screw, one end of which abuts against the clutch guide surface 61. Thus, when the driving lever 6 rotates around the lever shaft 22, the abutment position of the shift fork top column 8 on the clutch guide surface 61 changes, because the clutch guide surface 61 has Inclination, so that the shift fork 7 produces axial displacement at the end where the shift fork top column 8 is located, and then pivots around the shift fork shaft 21, and the drive clutch mechanism also moves axially, thereby implementing the clutch operation. The above-mentioned clutch control mechanism makes the shift fork 7 pivot and the clutch mechanism axially displace through the clutch guide surface 61 with an inclination, and has the advantages of simple structure and reliable operation. Typically, the lever shaft 22 is arranged parallel to the power input shaft 11, and the shift fork shaft 21 is perpendicular to it.

The lever shaft 22 and the fork shaft 21 can be connected to the housing 1 and/or the cover plate 10 in various ways. In the illustrated embodiment, a bracket 2 fixed on the casing 1 is provided as a connection basis. Moreover, in order to keep the shift fork top post 8 against the clutch guide surface 61 , the shift fork shaft 21 is sleeved with a shift fork spring 25 that biases the shift fork 7 . In addition, a lever spring 24 that biases the lever 6 can be sleeved on the lever shaft 22, so that it can return to the initial position after the clutch operation (the upper tooth portion 51 of the clutch ring gear 5 is engaged with the first tooth portion 51 of the stator part 40). A toothing 3).

One end of the shift fork top column 8 abutting against the clutch guide surface 61 can be provided with a wear member 81 (such as a steel ball), thereby reducing wear during clutch control and keeping the clutch sensitive by reducing the contact area. Optionally, the shift fork top post 8 can be adjusted to abut against the clutch guide surface 61 through the nut 9, so that when the shift fork spring 21 has a small restoring force after long-term use, the shift fork top post 8 can be adjusted Towards the extension length of the clutch guide surface 61 .

After the dehydration operation, the clutch ring gear 5 needs to be engaged with the upper chainring 40 to lock the inner tub. In order to reduce the collision damage to the meshing teeth, after the clutch ring gear 5 disengages from the lower chainring 60 engaged during the dehydration operation, its rotational speed should be reduced rapidly. For this reason, the shift lever 6 is connected with the brake band 13 through the brake pin 23. During the rotation process of the shift lever 6 around the shift lever shaft 22, the brake band 13 can be controlled to contact or move away from the brake disc 14 simultaneously, so as to control the clutch. When the ring gear 5 switches the meshing relationship with the upper toothed disc 40 and the lower toothed disc 60 , the brake band 13 is used to lock or unlock the circumferential position of the dehydration drive train.

In the present invention, the shift fork 7 needs to extend from the outside of the housing 1 to between the stator part 40 and the rotor part 50 to operatively connect the clutch ring gear 5 . To this end, the stator part 40 may form an opening 304 through which the connecting arm 702 of the shift fork 7 extends. In addition, a avoidance portion 104 may be formed at a position close to the stator portion 40 of the housing 1 to avoid interference with the setting or movement of the shift fork 7 .

In order to better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the following describes the working process of the drive system in a preferred embodiment:

1. At the initial position: under the action of the lever spring 24, the lever 6 drives the brake belt 13 to hold the brake disc 14 tightly, and the inner barrel brakes; at the same time, the shift fork 7 is under the action of the shift fork spring 25, and the wear-resistant part 81 and the The clutch guide surface 61 is always in reliable contact, and the other end is pressed against the clutch ring gear 5, so that the clutch ring gear 5 is in mesh with the first engaging tooth part 3, and the inner tub is locked; the clutch pressure spring 26 is in a compressed state, and the washing machine is now in the washing condition.

2. When the dehydration command is issued: the lever 6 rotates through a certain angle around the lever shaft 22, the brake band 13 releases the brake disc 14, and the brake state of the inner barrel is released; at the same time, the clutch guide surface 61 also rotates through a certain angle, and at this time The axial position of the contact point between the wear-resistant part 81 and the clutch guide surface 61 has changed (moved up), so that the protrusion at the other end is driven to move in the opposite direction (moved down) by rotating around the shift fork shaft 21, The shift fork 7 starts to separate from the clutch ring gear 5; the clutch ring gear 5 moves down under the action of its own gravity and the reset force of the clutch pressure spring 26, and the clutch ring gear 5 disengages from the first engaging tooth part 3, and then engages with the second The engaging teeth 4 enter into meshing, and the inner barrel and the pulsator are fixedly connected to complete the elution conversion. At this time, the stroke of the shift fork 7 can be greater than the stroke of the clutch ring gear 5, and its protrusion is separated from the limit surface of the ring gear, thereby avoiding wear between the two under high-speed dehydration conditions.

3. When the dehydration is completed: the driver connected to the driving part 602 of the lever 6 stops working, and the lever 6 resets under the reset force of the lever spring 24, driving the brake belt 13 to contact the brake disc 14, and the clutch starts to brake ; The shift fork 6 drives the clutch guide surface 61 to reset, pushes the wear-resistant part 81 to move down, drives the clutch ring gear 5 to move up through the shift fork 7, the clutch ring gear 5 disengages from the second engaging tooth part 4, and then engages with the first The tooth portion 3 is engaged, the inner bucket is locked, and the clutch returns to the washing state.

The preferred implementation of the present utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, however, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the utility model, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the utility model, including combinations of specific technical features in any suitable manner. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the utility model will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the utility model, and all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (17)

1. A deceleration clutch of a washing machine, characterized in that the deceleration clutch comprises: An upper toothed plate (40) and a lower toothed plate (60), the upper toothed plate (40) is fixedly arranged, and the lower toothed plate (60) is arranged opposite to the upper toothed plate (40) and is connected with a power input shaft (11); a clutch mechanism configured to be manipulable to be selectively drivingly engaged with one of said upper chainring (40) and said lower chainring (60); and, A reduction transmission assembly, the reduction transmission assembly includes a washing drive train and a dehydration drive train, the washing drive train includes a washing shaft (17) and a drive connection between the washing shaft (17) and the power input shaft (11) A planetary gear set, the dehydration transmission system includes a dehydration shaft sleeve (18), a power input shaft sleeve (12) that is often engaged with the clutch mechanism, and a power input shaft sleeve (12) that is fixedly connected to the power input shaft sleeve (12) and the dehydration shaft Brake disc (14) between sleeves (18), said power input shaft (11) extending through said power input shaft sleeve (12), said washing shaft (17) extending through said dehydration shaft sleeve (18). 2. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the opposite sides of the upper toothed plate (40) and the lower toothed plate (60) are respectively formed with first engaging teeth (3 ) and the second engaging tooth portion (4), the two ends of the clutch mechanism respectively have an upper tooth portion (51) and a lower tooth portion (52), the clutch mechanism is installed on the lower tooth plate (60) and the between the upper teeth (40) and can be manipulated to slide towards one of them, so that the first engaging tooth (3) engages with the upper tooth (51) or the second engaging tooth ( 4) Engaging with the lower teeth (52). 3. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the clutch mechanism includes a clutch ring gear (5) and a clutch pressure spring (26), and the upper tooth portion (51) and the lower tooth Parts (52) are respectively formed at both ends of the clutch ring gear (5), and the clutch ring gear (5) is formed with an accommodating groove (53) with an opening facing the upper chainring (40). The compression spring (26) is installed in the receiving groove (53). 4. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, the clutch ring gear (5) has a first spline hole (54), and the power input shaft sleeve (12) has a The spline hole (54) is constantly engaged with the first spline portion (12a). 5. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower chainring (60) is integrally formed on the pulley (50), and the pulley (50) has a second spline hole (501), The power input shaft (11) has a second spline portion (11a) that is interference fit with the second spline hole (501). 6. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, the pulley (50) has a spline washer (36) arranged at the end of the second spline hole (501). 7. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the deceleration clutch comprises a housing (1) and a cover plate (10) mounted on the housing (1) ), the upper gear plate (40) is fixed on the side of the housing (1) away from the cover plate (10), the planetary gear set is housed in the inner cavity of the housing (1), The power input shaft (11) and the washing shaft (17) respectively pass through the casing (1) and the cover plate (10) and are connected to the planetary gear set in transmission. 8. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, the power input shaft (11) has a sun gear (28), and the planetary gear set includes a planetary carrier (31) mounted on the planetary carrier (31) the planet gear (29) on and meshed with the sun gear (28), the ring gear (30) surrounding and meshing with the planet gear (29), and the ring gear (30) engages circumferentially on the power input bushing (12). 9. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, the planet carrier (31) is formed with a third spline hole (311), and the washing shaft (17) has a The hole (311) is an interference fit for the third spline portion (17a). 10. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism is installed on the housing (1) and/or the cover plate (10), the The clutch control mechanism includes a shift lever (6) installed through the shift lever shaft (22) and a shift fork (7) installed through the shift fork shaft (21), the shift lever (6) has a clutch guide surface (61), the The clutch guide surface (61) has an inclination relative to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the lever shaft (22) along the pivoting circumferential direction around the lever shaft (22), and the shift fork (7) is One side of the shift fork shaft (21) has a shift fork top post (8) that abuts against the clutch guide surface (61), and on the other side, one end of the shift fork (7) abuts against the shift fork A rod (6), the other end of which is operatively connected to said clutch mechanism. 11. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, the shift lever shaft (22) and the shift fork shaft (21) are installed on the housing (1) through a bracket (2) , the shift lever shaft (22) is sleeved with a shift lever spring (24) that biases the shift lever (6), and the shift fork shaft (21) is sleeved with a bias biased shift fork (7 ) fork spring (25). 12. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, one end of the shift fork top column (8) abutting against the clutch guide surface (61) is provided with a wear-resistant part (81), And/or, the shift fork top post (8) is adjustably abutted against the clutch guide surface (61). 13. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, the lever shaft (22) is parallel to the axial direction of the power input shaft (11), and the shift fork shaft (21) is parallel to the axial direction of the power input shaft (11). The axial direction of said driving rod shaft (22) is vertical. 14. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the shift lever (6) is connected with a brake band (13) that can be manipulated to contact or move away from the brake disc (14). 15. The deceleration clutch of the washing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, the upper chainring (40) is formed with an opening (304), and the shift fork (7) extends through the opening (304) To be operatively connected to the clutch mechanism, and/or, the housing (1) is formed with a avoidance portion (104) for the shift fork (7) to pass through at a position close to the upper chainring (40) . 16. The deceleration clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, bushings (27) are respectively installed in the power input bushing (12) and the dehydration bushing (18), and are passed through bearings respectively. (16) Correspondingly pivotally mounted to said housing (1) and said cover plate (10). 17. A washing machine, characterized in that the washing machine comprises the decelerating clutch according to any one of claims 1-16.