CN207517841U - The coaxial waveguide orthomode coupler of step is arranged at a kind of bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with steps at the bottom, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. It includes a turnstile joint and two sets of power combining/distributing pipelines. The bottom of the coaxial waveguide has a circular or square cylindrical protrusion, which extends into the area of four rectangular coupling waveguides. And on the bottom surface of each rectangular coupling waveguide, a stepped structure transversely penetrating the entire rectangular coupling waveguide is formed. The utility model has excellent electrical performance and simple processing, and can realize equal-phase polarization separation within nearly one frequency multiplication, and has excellent indicators such as standing wave, isolation, and insertion loss, and can be used in L/S/C, C/X/Ku, The K/Ka/Q frequency band tri-band shared antenna system is an important improvement to the prior art.

Description

A Coaxial Waveguide Orthogonal Mode Coupler with Steps at the Bottom

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical fields of wireless communication, navigation measurement and control and radio astronomy, in particular to a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with steps at the bottom.

Background technique

It has been widely used in the fields of navigation measurement and control, satellite communication, etc., and with the increase of satellite spectrum resources, dual-frequency sharing or multi-frequency sharing antennas can be used for two or more than one antenna with only a small increase in cost. The frequency band, especially when the antenna diameter is large, can significantly reduce the cost of the antenna system, and at the same time reduce the land use area, which is convenient for the layout of the user site.

In addition, with the maturity of electromagnetic simulation software and the development of coaxial turnstile coupler technology, the available bandwidth of the coaxial turnstile coupler coupling waveguide port is getting wider and wider, which can already meet the bandwidth requirements of dual-band use. At the same time, because the coaxial inner conductor is hollow, it can form a coaxial waveguide for transmitting signals in higher frequency bands. Therefore, this method can conveniently build a three-frequency shared feed system, and the structure is simple and does not require debugging. In the antenna Feed systems are used more and more.

However, the orthogonal mode coupler in the prior art still has the problem of poor electrical performance when the bandwidth is wide.

Utility model content

In view of this, the utility model proposes a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom, which can expand the matching bandwidth of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler.

Based on above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is:

A coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom, which includes a turnstile joint, the turnstile joint includes a coaxial waveguide structure, an impedance matching structure and four uniformly distributed around the coaxial waveguide structure Rectangular coupling waveguide structure, the center of the inner conductor metal of the coaxial waveguide structure has a cylindrical through hole for forming a circular waveguide, and a set of turnstile joints is arranged between every two alternate rectangular coupling waveguide structures. The lower power combining/distributing pipeline, the power combining/distributing pipeline includes a three-port power combining/distributor and two connecting pipelines located in the same plane and surrounded by a rectangle, the power combining/distributing pipeline It includes a straight waveguide structure, a coupling cavity, and two mirror-symmetrical 90° E-plane curved waveguide structures. The straight waveguide structure of the power combiner/distributor and the port of the coaxial waveguide structure of the turnstile joint face On the contrary, the straight line of the straight waveguide structure of the power combiner/distributor and the coaxial waveguide structure of the turnstile joint are parallel to each other and symmetrical with respect to the center point of the rectangular pipeline. The vertical distance from the coupling cavity of the power combiner/distributor to the coaxial waveguide structure of the turnstile joint is equal, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected to one of the rectangular coupling waveguide structures, and the other end is connected to the power combiner/distributor A curved waveguide structure, each connecting pipeline is composed of three straight waveguide structures with the same cross-section and two 90°E-plane curved waveguide structures, two sets of power combining/distributing pipelines take the axis of the turnstile joint as the axis There is a rotational symmetry relationship with a difference of 90°, and the two sets of power combining/distributing pipelines have a length difference in the axial pipeline section so that their radial pipeline sections are staggered at the intersection position;

The bottom of the coaxial waveguide structure has a positive cylindrical protrusion with a circular or square bottom surface, the inner conductor of the coaxial waveguide structure is located in the middle of the protrusion, and the protrusion extends to four rectangular couplings. In the region of the waveguide structure and on the bottom surface of each rectangular coupling waveguide structure, a step structure transversely penetrating the entire rectangular coupling waveguide structure is formed, and the step structure on each rectangular coupling waveguide structure is sag relative to the vertical direction of the rectangular coupling waveguide structure The planes are mirror-symmetrical and extend smoothly in the direction through the rectangular coupling waveguide structure.

Optionally, the length of the narrow side of the waveguide in the rectangular coupling waveguide structure is equal to the length of the narrow side of the waveguide in the connecting pipeline, and the length of the broad side of the waveguide in the rectangular coupling waveguide structure is equal to or less than that of the connecting pipeline The length of the broadside of the medium waveguide.

Optionally, the impedance matching structure is a metal truncated circular structure located at the end of the conductor in the coaxial waveguide structure. The diameters of the metal are equal, and the bottom surface of the metal circular truncated structure is connected with the top surface of the protrusion.

As can be seen from the above narration, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model adds a stepped structure to the bottom of the four evenly distributed rectangular coupling waveguides of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler, thereby significantly improving the matching characteristics of the low end and high end of the frequency band of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler. And expand the usable bandwidth of the coaxial waveguide quadrature mode coupler.

2. The utility model proposes a broadband structure of a coaxial turnstile joint. The return loss in the frequency band is less than -15dB, which is 98.5MHz wider than the existing structure. At the same time, the standing wave and insertion loss of the turnstile coupler are relatively low. Small, with good port isolation.

3. The orthogonal mode coupler of the present utility model can be used in a three-frequency sharing system in the L/S/C frequency band. In the frequency band of 1253.5MHz to 2310.2MHz, the return loss of the coaxial waveguide output rectangular waveguide port is less than -15dB.

In a word, the utility model has excellent electrical performance, simple processing, and can realize equal-phase polarization separation within nearly one frequency multiplication. The Ku, K/Ka/Q frequency band tri-band shared antenna system is an important improvement to the existing technology.

Description of drawings

In order to describe this patent more clearly, one or more drawings are provided below, and these drawings are intended to assist in explaining the background technology, technical principles and/or some specific implementations of this patent. It should be noted that these drawings may or may not provide some specific details that have been described in the text of this patent and belong to the common knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art; and, because those of ordinary skill in the art can fully combine The text and/or drawings of this patent have been disclosed, and more drawings are designed without any creative work. Therefore, the following drawings may or may not cover all the descriptions in the text of this patent. Technical solutions. In addition, the specific content of these drawings needs to be determined in combination with the text content of this patent. When the text content of this patent does not match an obvious structure in these drawings, it is necessary to combine common knowledge in the field and other parts of this patent. According to the description of the patent, it is judged comprehensively whether there is a clerical error in the text of the patent or a drawing error in the drawings. In particular, the following drawings are all exemplary pictures, and are not intended to imply the protection scope of this patent. Those of ordinary skill in the art can refer to the text and/or drawings disclosed in this patent without paying any In the case of creative labor, more drawings are designed, and the technical solutions represented by these new drawings are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structure schematic diagram of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler that has step at the bottom in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation model of a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with steps at the bottom in an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the waveguide cavity is shown in the figure;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 4, and the filled part in Fig. 5 represents the waveguide cavity region;

Fig. 6 is a standing wave simulation comparison diagram of a rectangular waveguide port of a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make it easier for those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this patent, and at the same time, in order to make the technical purpose, technical solution and beneficial effect of this patent clearer, and to fully support the protection scope of the claims, the following is a specific case in the form of this patent. The technical solution of the patent makes further and more detailed descriptions.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom includes a coaxial turnstile joint 1, U-shaped waveguide element 1, U-shaped waveguide element 2, U-shaped waveguide element 2, U-shaped Bend waveguide element 3 4, U-shaped waveguide element 4 5, power combiner/distributor 1 6 and power combiner/distributor 2 7, U-shaped bend waveguide element 1 2, U-shaped waveguide element 2 3, U-shaped waveguide Element 3 4 and U-shaped waveguide element 4 5 are used as the connecting pipeline between the turnstile joint and the power combiner/distributor, U-shaped waveguide element 1 2, U-shaped waveguide element 2 3 and the power combiner/distributer Connector 1 6, U-shaped bend waveguide element 3 4, U-shaped bend waveguide element 4 5 are connected with power combiner/distributor 2 7, two U-shaped bend waveguide elements form a rectangle, and power combiner/distributor and same The coaxial waveguide structure 1-1 of the axial turnstile coupler 1 is symmetrical with respect to the center point of the rectangular pipeline in a mutually staggered manner. The vertical distances from the body to the coaxial turnstile joint 1 are equal.

Specifically, the inner sections of U-shaped waveguide element 1, U-shaped waveguide element 2, U-shaped waveguide element 3, U-shaped waveguide element 4, and U-shaped waveguide element 4 are the same, and the corners are all 90°E surface bends. Waveguide, the distance from the center of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 1 2 to the center of the vertical waveguide section 2-2 to the center of the coaxial waveguide structure 1-1 of the turnstile joint 1 and the center of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 2 3 to the center of the vertical waveguide section 3-2 The center distances of the power combiner/distributor one 6 are equal, the length of the waveguide section 4-1 on the U-shaped bend waveguide element three 4 is equal to the length of the waveguide section 2-1 on the U-shaped bend waveguide element one 2, and the U-shaped bend waveguide element three 4 The length of the lower waveguide section 4-3 is equal to the length of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 1 2 The length of the lower waveguide section 2-3, the length of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 4 5 The upper waveguide section 5-1 is equal to the length of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 2 3 The upper waveguide section 3 -1 length, U-shaped bend waveguide element 4 5 lower waveguide sections 5-3 length is equal to U-shaped bend waveguide element 2 3 lower waveguide sections 3-3 length, U-shaped bend waveguide element 3 4 vertical waveguide sections 4-2 center to cross The distance from the center of the coaxial waveguide structure 1-1 of the turnstile joint 1 is equal to the distance from the center of the U-shaped bend waveguide element 4 5 vertical waveguide section 5-2 to the center of the power combiner/distributor 2 7 .

In addition, the power combiner/distributor 1 6 is composed of an output/input straight waveguide structure 6-1, two curved waveguide structures 6-2 and a coupling cavity 6-3, and the power combiner/distributor 2 7 is composed of an output/input straight waveguide Structure 7-1, two curved waveguide structures 7-2 and coupling cavity 7-3, the output/input straight waveguide structure 6-1 and the output/input straight waveguide structure 7-1 have the same cross-sectional size and length, and the coupling The structure of the cavity 6-3 is the same as that of the coupling cavity 7-3, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the curved waveguide structure 6-2, the curved waveguide structure 7-2 and the U-shaped curved waveguide element are the same.

The length of the narrow sides of the four rectangular coupling waveguide structures is the same as the length of the narrow sides of the U-shaped waveguide element, and the length of the broad sides is smaller than the length of the broad sides of the U-shaped waveguide element.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the bottom of the coaxial waveguide structure has a positive cylindrical protrusion with a circular bottom surface, the protrusion is coaxial with the coaxial waveguide structure, and the protrusion extends to the four rectangular coupling waveguide structures. In the area and on the bottom surface of each rectangular coupling waveguide structure, a step structure 10 transversely penetrating through the entire rectangular coupling waveguide structure is formed, and the step structure 10 on each rectangular coupling waveguide structure is relative to the longitudinal median vertical plane of the rectangular coupling waveguide structure It is mirror-symmetrical and extends smoothly in the direction through the rectangular coupled waveguide structure. In addition, the protrusion can also be in the shape of a regular cylinder with a square bottom, and the steps at this time are linear steps.

In addition, the coaxial turnstile joint also includes an impedance matching structure, which is a metal frustum structure located at the end of the conductor in the coaxial waveguide structure. The metal frustum structure is coaxial with the coaxial waveguide structure and the diameter of the top surface of the metal frustum structure is The diameter is equal to the diameter of the conductor metal in the coaxial waveguide structure, and the bottom surface of the metal circular frustum structure is connected with the raised top surface.

Figure 6 is the standing wave simulation curves of the above-mentioned coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom of a rectangular waveguide port in 1.25GHz~2.35GHz before and after adding a circular platform, where the dotted line is The return loss simulation curve of a rectangular port of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with the existing structure without metal steps, and the solid line is the echo of a rectangular port of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler after optimization with metal steps Loss simulation curve. Mark 1 on the curve is the lowest end of the frequency band when the return loss simulation result of a rectangular port of the coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with metal steps is optimized -15dB, and mark 2 on the curve is a rectangle after optimization with metal steps The return loss simulation result of the port is the highest end of the frequency band at -15dB, and the mark 3 on the curve is the lowest end of the frequency band when the return loss simulation result of a rectangular port is -15dB, and the mark 4 on the curve is a The return loss simulation result of the rectangular port is the highest end of the frequency band at -15dB. It can be seen that the bandwidth increases by about 100MHz when the return loss is -15dB after adding the rounded corner structure.

When the orthogonal mode coupler is used in a very wide frequency band, it often deals with dual-frequency sharing, that is, a part of the low-end frequency band and a high-end frequency band are used, and the frequency band between the low-frequency band and the high-frequency band is often not used. For example, in the case of L/S dual-frequency sharing and L/S/C triple-frequency sharing, the orthogonal mode coupler needs to couple the signals of the two frequency bands of L and S, and the signal between L and S is not needed by the system.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions of the specific implementation methods of this patent are only exemplary descriptions listed for the convenience of those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the technical solutions of this patent, and are not intended to imply that the protection scope of this patent is only limited to these specific implementations. Among the examples, those of ordinary skill in the art can fully understand the technical solution of this patent, without any creative work, by combining technical features, replacing some technical features, Add more technical features and other ways to get more specific implementations, all of these specific implementations are within the scope of the patent claims, therefore, these new specific implementations are within the protection scope of this patent .

In addition, for the purpose of simplifying the description, this patent may not enumerate some common specific implementation schemes, which can be naturally imagined by those of ordinary skill in the art after understanding the technical scheme of this patent. Obviously, these schemes should also include within the protection scope of this patent.

For the purpose of simplifying the description, the degree of disclosure of the details of the above-mentioned specific implementation methods may only reach the level that those skilled in the art can decide on their own. It can be completed without any creative work and under the full reminder of this patented technical solution, with the help of published documents such as textbooks, reference books, papers, patents, audio-visual products, etc., or these details are ordinary in the field Under the common understanding of technical personnel, they can make their own decisions according to the actual situation. It can be seen that even if these technical details are not disclosed, it will not affect the adequacy of the disclosure of the technical solution of this patent.

In a word, on the basis of combining the explanatory role of this patent specification on the protection scope of the claims, any specific implementation that falls within the scope of the claims of this patent is within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims (3)

1. A coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom, characterized in that it comprises a turnstile joint, and the turnstile joint includes a coaxial waveguide structure, an impedance matching structure and four surrounding coaxial A rectangular coupling waveguide structure with evenly distributed waveguide structures. The center of the inner conductor metal of the coaxial waveguide structure has a cylindrical through hole for forming a circular waveguide. The power synthesis/distribution pipeline below the turnstile joint, the power synthesis/distribution pipeline includes a three-port power synthesis/distributor and two connecting pipelines located in the same plane and surrounded by a rectangle. The power combiner/distributor includes a straight waveguide structure, a coupling cavity, and two mirror-symmetrical 90°E surface-bent waveguide structures. The straight waveguide structure of the power combiner/distributor is coaxial with the turnstile connector. The ports of the waveguide structure are facing oppositely, the straight line of the straight waveguide structure of the power combiner/distributor and the coaxial waveguide structure of the turnstile joint are parallel to each other and symmetrical with respect to the center point of the rectangular pipeline, and the two groups of power combiners The vertical distance from the coupling cavity of the power combiner/distributor in the /distribution pipeline to the coaxial waveguide structure of the turnstile joint is equal, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected to one of the rectangular coupling waveguide structures, and the other end is connected to the A curved waveguide structure of the power combiner/distributor, each connecting pipeline is composed of three straight waveguide structures with the same cross-section and two 90°E-plane curved waveguide structures, and the two sets of power combiner/distributor pipelines are connected by a turnstile The axis of the axis is a rotationally symmetrical relationship with a difference of 90°, and the two sets of power synthesis/distribution pipelines have length differences in the axial pipeline sections so that their radial pipeline sections are staggered at the intersection position; The bottom of the coaxial waveguide structure has a positive cylindrical protrusion with a circular or square bottom surface, the inner conductor of the coaxial waveguide structure is located in the middle of the protrusion, and the protrusion extends to four rectangular couplings. In the region of the waveguide structure and on the bottom surface of each rectangular coupling waveguide structure, a step structure transversely penetrating the entire rectangular coupling waveguide structure is formed, and the step structure on each rectangular coupling waveguide structure is sag relative to the vertical direction of the rectangular coupling waveguide structure The planes are mirror-symmetrical and extend smoothly in the direction through the rectangular coupling waveguide structure. 2. The coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom according to claim 1, wherein the length of the narrow side of the waveguide in the rectangular coupling waveguide structure is the same as the length of the narrow side of the waveguide in the connecting pipeline equal, the length of the broadside of the waveguide in the rectangular coupling waveguide structure is equal to or smaller than the length of the broadside of the waveguide in the connecting pipeline. 3. The coaxial waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with a step at the bottom according to claim 1, wherein the impedance matching structure is a metal frustum structure located at the end of the conductor in the coaxial waveguide structure, and the metal frustum structure It is coaxial with the coaxial waveguide structure and the diameter of the top surface of the metal frustum structure is equal to the diameter of the conductor metal in the coaxial waveguide structure. The bottom surface of the metal frustum structure is connected to the top surface of the protrusion.