CN222536498U - Electrohydraulic beam machining device for convenient electrode positioning - Google Patents
Electrohydraulic beam machining device for convenient electrode positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN222536498U CN222536498U CN202421331893.3U CN202421331893U CN222536498U CN 222536498 U CN222536498 U CN 222536498U CN 202421331893 U CN202421331893 U CN 202421331893U CN 222536498 U CN222536498 U CN 222536498U
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011326 mechanical measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种便于电极定位的电液束加工装置，包括：一喷头，喷头的底板处设有电极安装孔，喷头的顶板处设有一激光穿过孔；一电极，同轴安装于电极安装孔内，用于供阴极化的电解液流通、并向下射出形成电液束；一激光发射装置，设置于激光穿过孔的上方；一球头支架，具有一环形球头座和球形头部，球形头部内设有通孔，通孔包括从上至下贯通设置的电极定位孔、过渡孔和激光通孔；环形球头座的底部设置有多条支腿。该装置解决了现有采用机械测量或人工调整的方式进行电液束加工电极的纠偏和测距，难以保证加工精度，影响工作效率的问题。
The utility model discloses an electro-hydraulic beam processing device that is convenient for electrode positioning, comprising: a nozzle, an electrode mounting hole is provided at the bottom plate of the nozzle, and a laser through hole is provided at the top plate of the nozzle; an electrode is coaxially installed in the electrode mounting hole, and is used for cathode-polarized electrolyte to flow and emit downward to form an electro-hydraulic beam; a laser emitting device is arranged above the laser through hole; a ball head bracket has an annular ball head seat and a spherical head, and a through hole is provided in the spherical head, and the through hole includes an electrode positioning hole, a transition hole and a laser through hole that are arranged from top to bottom; and a plurality of legs are arranged at the bottom of the annular ball head seat. The device solves the problem that the existing electro-hydraulic beam processing electrode correction and distance measurement using mechanical measurement or manual adjustment is difficult to ensure processing accuracy and affects work efficiency.
Description
[ Field of technology ]
The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrochemical machining, and particularly relates to an electro-hydraulic beam machining device convenient for electrode positioning.
[ Background Art ]
In electrohydraulic beam machining, the metal workpiece acts as an anode, while the tubular electrode acts as a cathode. The direct-current voltage is applied between the cathode and the anode, and the electrolyte is shot to the surface of the workpiece under controlled pressure to realize the processing of the small holes, so that the method is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, electrons, medical treatment and the like. The electro-hydraulic beam processing has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, good accessibility and the like, is quite suitable for processing deep small holes, is one of the main means for processing the air film holes of the turbine blades of the aero-engine, and has important significance for prolonging the service life and improving the performance of the aero-engine.
In actual processing, ensuring the positioning and mounting precision of the tubular electrode is one of the keys for ensuring the processing precision of the electro-hydraulic beam. The electro-hydraulic beam machining electrodes are mostly thin-wall tubular parts with long thin walls, the lengths of the electrodes among different batches are difficult to be consistent, manual installation and measurement are needed for replacing the electrodes each time, coaxiality between the tubular electrodes and a spray head is difficult to be ensured, and machining efficiency and machining quality of the parts are affected. Meanwhile, in the electro-hydraulic beam machining process, an initial machining gap is an important factor affecting the electro-hydraulic beam machining precision. An initial gap that is too large can form a large flare at the orifice entrance, while a gap that is too small can cause damage to the tubular electrode due to the obstruction of electrolyte injection. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately realize the installation deviation correction and the initial machining gap measurement of the electro-hydraulic beam machining electrode is a problem to be solved urgently for improving the electro-hydraulic beam machining precision and the machining efficiency.
In the aspects of correction and ranging of the electro-hydraulic beam processing electrode, the conventional means adopted in the past comprise mechanical measurement, manual adjustment and the like. These methods have significant problems in terms of both efficiency and quality. Firstly, the mechanical measurement usually needs repeated operation for a plurality of times, which consumes a great amount of time, and the manual adjustment depends on the skill and experience of operators, and the accuracy of the adjustment process is difficult to ensure, thus further reducing the working efficiency. In terms of quality, the mechanical measurement can cause inaccurate installation position of the electrode due to measurement errors, further the machining quality is affected, and manual adjustment is easily affected by human factors such as fatigue, misoperation and the like, and the machining quality can also be fluctuated.
[ utility model ]
The utility model aims to provide an electro-hydraulic beam processing device convenient for electrode positioning, which solves the problems that the correction and the distance measurement of an electro-hydraulic beam processing electrode are difficult to ensure the processing precision and the working efficiency is influenced by adopting a mechanical measurement or manual adjustment mode in the prior art.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme that the electro-hydraulic beam processing device convenient for positioning the electrode comprises:
The spray head is a hollow cylinder, an electrode mounting hole is formed in the bottom plate of the spray head, a laser passing hole is formed in the top plate of the spray head, and the electrode mounting hole and the laser passing hole are coaxially arranged;
The electrode is coaxially arranged in the electrode mounting hole and is used for allowing the electrolyte with negative polarization to circulate and downwards shoot out to form an electro-hydraulic beam;
the laser emission device is arranged above the laser passing hole;
The ball head support is provided with an annular ball head seat and a spherical head part as shown in the figure, wherein a through hole is formed in the spherical head part, and comprises an electrode positioning hole, a transition hole and a laser through hole which are communicated from top to bottom;
The laser emission device is used for emitting laser through the laser passing hole, the electrode mounting hole, the electrode positioning hole and the laser through hole to be used as a reference standard of the coaxial position of the electrode, and the ball head support is used for supporting the bottom end of the electrode and fine-adjusting the position of the electrode.
Further, the device also comprises a laser receiving device which forms a laser displacement sensor together with the laser transmitting device.
Further, the length of the supporting leg of the ball head support is adjustable, and a sucker or a magnetic patch is arranged at the bottom of each supporting leg.
The utility model has the advantages that the laser displacement sensor is arranged, the alignment state of the laser beam is detected and regulated in real time according to the laser alignment principle, the accurate correction of the mounting angle and the position of the electrode can be realized, so that the machining precision is improved, in addition, the laser displacement sensor is used for transmitting laser to accurately position the position of the initial machining hole, the laser displacement sensor is used for receiving reflected laser, the laser ranging principle is used for obtaining the initial machining gap between the electrode and the surface to be machined, the machining of the electrohydraulic beam machining electrode at the correct position is ensured, the machining quality problem caused by the distance error is avoided, the manual intervention is not needed, and the working efficiency is improved.
[ Description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electro-hydraulic beam processing apparatus for facilitating electrode positioning according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ball head bracket according to the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is an operation schematic diagram of an electrode positioning method of an electro-hydraulic beam processing device according to the present utility model.
The device comprises a laser displacement sensor, a laser transmitting device, a laser receiving device and a laser receiving device, wherein the laser displacement sensor is 1;
2. The spray head 201 is provided with an electrode mounting hole 202, and laser passes through the hole;
3. an electrode;
4. Ball head support 401, electrode positioning hole 402, laser through hole 403, annular ball head seat 404, spherical head 405, supporting leg 406 and transitional hole;
5. and (5) a workpiece to be processed.
[ Detailed description ] of the invention
The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The utility model provides an electro-hydraulic beam processing device convenient for positioning an electrode, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises:
The spray head 2 is a hollow cylinder, an electrode mounting hole 201 is formed in the bottom plate of the spray head 2, a laser passing hole 202 is formed in the top plate of the spray head 2, and the electrode mounting hole 201 and the laser passing hole 202 are coaxially arranged;
an electrode 3 coaxially installed in the electrode installation hole 201 for allowing the electrolyte of negative polarization to circulate and be ejected downward to form an electro-hydraulic beam;
a laser emitting device 101 disposed above the laser passing hole 202;
A ball head bracket 4, as shown in fig. 2, having an annular ball head seat 403 and a spherical head 404, wherein a through hole is arranged in the spherical head 404, and the through hole comprises an electrode positioning hole 401, a transition hole 403 and a laser through hole 402 which are arranged from top to bottom in a penetrating way, the diameter of the electrode positioning hole 401 is larger than that of the transition hole 403, the diameter of the electrode 3 is larger than that of the transition hole 403, and the diameter of the electrode 3 is smaller than that of the electrode positioning hole 401;
The laser emitting device 101 is used for emitting laser through the laser through hole 202, the electrode mounting hole 201, the electrode positioning hole 401 and the laser through hole 402 to serve as a reference standard of the coaxial position of the electrode 3, and the bulb support 4 is used for supporting the bottom end of the electrode 3 and finely adjusting the position of the electrode 3 through rotation of the spherical head 404 in the bulb seat 403.
In some embodiments, a laser receiving device 102 is further included, which forms the laser displacement sensor 1 together with the laser emitting device 101.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the length of the leg 405 of the ball head support 4 is adjustable, and a suction cup or a magnetic patch is arranged at the bottom of each leg 405, so as to ensure that the ball head support 4 can be stably fixed on various surfaces in use, and different initial machining gap requirements can be met by adjusting the length of the leg 405.
The utility model relates to an electrode positioning method of an electro-hydraulic beam processing device, as shown in figure 1, based on the electro-hydraulic beam processing device convenient for electrode positioning, comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing a spray head 2 on a machine tool spindle, and fixing a workpiece 5 to be processed below the spray head 2;
The laser emission device 101 is started, the aperture of the laser emission device 101 is regulated to enable the diameter of the laser beam to be smaller than that of the electrode mounting hole 201, the position of the laser displacement sensor 1 is regulated to enable the laser beam to pass through the electrode mounting hole 201, and the position of the laser displacement sensor 1 is fixed when the surface 5 of the part to be processed projects a complete circular light spot;
the specific process of adjusting the aperture of the laser emitting device 101 is as follows:
The aperture size of the laser emitting device 101 is adjusted so that the diameter of the laser beam is smaller than the diameter of the electrode mounting hole 201. For example, if the diameter of the electrode mounting hole 201 is 1mm, the diameter of the laser beam is adjusted to 0.8mm or less. A positioning device (such as a fine tuning rig or a three-dimensional positioning stage) is used to move the laser displacement sensor 1. The laser displacement sensor 1 is slowly moved until the laser beam can pass through the electrode mounting hole 201 and a circular spot is projected on the surface of the workpiece 5 to be processed.
When the integrity of the circular spot is visually observed, there may be some judgment error, but such an error is generally acceptable at a later stage of accurate adjustment. To reduce errors, a magnifying glass or microscope may be used to assist in viewing. A circular spot can be considered complete if it presents a clear edge around the electrode mounting hole 201 without significant truncation or distortion. Once a complete circular spot is observed, the position of the laser displacement sensor 1 is fixed, ensuring that no displacement occurs during subsequent processing.
S2, placing the ball head support 4 at a circular light spot, adjusting the aperture of the laser emission device 101 to enable the diameter of a laser beam to be smaller than that of the electrode positioning hole 401, adjusting the position of the ball head support 4 to enable the laser beam to penetrate through the electrode positioning hole 401 and be emitted from the laser through hole 402, and fixing the ball head support 4 when the surface 5 of the part to be processed forms a complete circular light spot;
Wherein the length of the leg 405 of the ball support 4 can be adjusted in advance according to the requirement of the initial machining gap.
S3, placing the lower end of the electrode 3 in the electrode positioning hole 401, and then enabling the spray head 2 to descend along the laser emitting direction so as to insert the upper end of the electrode 3 into the electrode mounting hole 201 of the spray head 2;
S4, taking the ball head support 4 as a rotation fixing point, performing small-range rotation adjustment on the electrode 3, and fixing the position of the electrode 3 relative to the spray head 2 when the laser beam presents a complete circular light spot on the surface 5 of the part to be processed. At this time, the electrode 3 is coaxial with the electrode mounting hole 201, and the electrode 3 may be bonded and fixed by filling an epoxy resin in a gap of the electrode mounting hole 201.
The utility model relates to a calculation method of an electrode initial machining gap of an electro-hydraulic beam machining device, which is based on the electro-hydraulic beam machining device convenient for electrode positioning, as shown in figure 3, and comprises the following steps:
the ball head support 4 is finely adjusted horizontally, so that laser beams are directed onto a step surface formed at the joint of the electrode positioning hole 401 and the laser through hole 402 through the electrode 3, reflected laser of the step surface is received by the laser receiving device 102, displacement data Z1 is obtained through measurement, and Z1 represents the distance from a laser emission point to the step surface forming reflection.
The ball head support 4 is removed, so that a laser beam is transmitted to the first hole position to be processed on the surface of the workpiece 5 to be processed through the electrode 3, reflected laser light on the surface of the workpiece 5 to be processed is received through the laser receiving device 102, displacement data Z2 is obtained through measurement, and Z2 represents the distance from a laser emission point to the workpiece 5 to be processed forming reflection.
The distance z=z2-Z1 between the bottom end surface of the electrode 3 and the position of the first hole to be machined of the workpiece 5 to be machined, Z being the initial machining gap between the electrode and the surface to be machined. If the measured initial machining gap does not meet the preset value, the initial machining gap can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the shower head 2.
In some embodiments, electrode 3 and showerhead 2 are raised a distance D1 along the laser emission direction to prevent electrode 3 from blocking reflected laser light from passing back to laser receiving device 102 prior to measuring displacement data Z1.
After measuring the displacement data Z2, the electrode 3 and the head 2 are lowered together by a distance D1 along the laser emission direction.
According to the utility model, by arranging the laser displacement sensor and detecting and adjusting the collimation state of the laser beam in real time according to the laser collimation principle, the accurate correction of the mounting angle and the position of the electrode can be realized, thereby improving the processing precision, and improving the state stability of the electro-hydraulic beam processing electrode by ensuring the stability and consistency of the laser beam. This helps to reduce errors and deformations during processing and to improve processing quality. Meanwhile, the electrode correction can be realized quickly and accurately, so that the installation time can be shortened, the skill requirement on operators can be reduced, and the labor cost is reduced.
In addition, the laser displacement sensor is used for transmitting laser to precisely position the position of the initial machining hole, the laser displacement sensor is used for receiving reflected laser, the laser ranging principle is used for obtaining the initial machining gap between the electrode and the surface to be machined, machining of the electro-hydraulic beam machining electrode at the correct position is ensured, the machining quality problem caused by the distance error is avoided, manual intervention is not needed, the operation flow is greatly simplified, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the correction and ranging processes are quicker and more accurate due to the rapidity and accuracy of the laser technology. This reduces not only the operating time but also the error rate, thereby improving the overall working efficiency.
Claims (3)
1. Electro-hydraulic beam machining device convenient to electrode location, its characterized in that includes:
The spray head (2) is a hollow cylinder, an electrode mounting hole (201) is formed in the bottom plate of the spray head (2), a laser passing hole (202) is formed in the top plate of the spray head (2), and the electrode mounting hole (201) and the laser passing hole (202) are coaxially arranged;
An electrode (3) coaxially installed in the electrode installation hole (201) for allowing the electrolyte of negative polarization to circulate and to be ejected downwards to form an electro-hydraulic beam;
A laser emitting device (101) disposed above the laser passing hole (202);
The ball head support (4) is provided with an annular ball head seat (403) and a spherical head (404), a through hole is formed in the spherical head (404), the through hole comprises an electrode positioning hole (401), a transition hole (406) and a laser through hole (402) which are arranged in a penetrating manner from top to bottom, the diameter of the electrode positioning hole (401) is larger than that of the transition hole (406), the diameter of the electrode (3) is smaller than that of the electrode positioning hole (401), and a plurality of supporting legs (405) are arranged at the bottom of the annular ball head seat (403);
The laser emission device (101) is used for emitting laser through the laser passing hole (202), the electrode mounting hole (201), the electrode positioning hole (401) and the laser passing hole (402) to be used as a reference standard of the coaxial position of the electrode (3), and the ball head support (4) is used for supporting the bottom end of the electrode (3) and fine-adjusting the position of the electrode (3).
2. The electro-hydraulic beam machining device for facilitating positioning of electrodes according to claim 1, further comprising a laser receiving device (102) which together with the laser emitting device (101) constitutes a laser displacement sensor (1).
3. The electro-hydraulic beam machining device convenient for electrode positioning according to claim 1, wherein the length of the supporting legs (405) of the ball head support (4) is adjustable, and a sucking disc or a magnetic patch is arranged at the bottom of each supporting leg (405).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202421331893.3U CN222536498U (en) | 2024-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Electrohydraulic beam machining device for convenient electrode positioning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202421331893.3U CN222536498U (en) | 2024-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Electrohydraulic beam machining device for convenient electrode positioning |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN222536498U true CN222536498U (en) | 2025-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202421331893.3U Active CN222536498U (en) | 2024-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Electrohydraulic beam machining device for convenient electrode positioning |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN222536498U (en) |
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2024
- 2024-06-12 CN CN202421331893.3U patent/CN222536498U/en active Active
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