CS151592A3 - Line-coupling equipment operating on decametric waves between twonon-balanced and one balanced lines - Google Patents

Description

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Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decametric wave coupler for selectively bonding a first asymmetrical conduit or a first conduit conduit and a second unbalanced conduit conduit. The invention further relates to a transmitting station having at least one such coupling device.

Background Art

Binding devices of the type defined above are used, for example, to couple two transmitters with one radiating element by suppressing the coupling between one of these transmitters and the emitting element; both transmitters, which are generally the same, give the same signal. As a result of this arrangement, when in some daytime it is judged that the power of one transmitter is sufficient, the other transmitter does not work. It does not consume energy except in other hours when the whole radiated energy is needed.

Devices known to provide a kind of coupling with transmitters having a power of several tens of k®, for example 250 W or more, are formed as coupling circuits at 5 dB, magic rings or diplexing circuits, and each transmitter is connected to a radiating element by a read-out circuit followed by a kmi circuit. -toys transmitted by the second transmitter.

Known coupling devices are selective and require commutation bodies to cover a large frequency bandwidth. Apart from this, the interlocking device with a blocking circuit is not suitable for the transmitters operating on the same frequency. It is an object of the present invention to eliminate or reduce as much as possible the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problem by providing a decoupling device for selectively bonding a first asymmetrical guide or a first asymmetrical guide and a second asymmetrical guide having a fundamental symmetrical guide, the principle being that the first unsymmetrical guide is coupled to a baseline symmetrical guide comprising a first commutator (K1), a first commutator first output, a first asymmetric line (L1) -2, a first symmetry circuit first (S1), a first symmetry circuit, and the first input of the second commutator (K2) and, according to the second connection, the first co-mutator, the second input of the first commutator, the second non-symmetrical circuit, the first access of the first end of the second symmetric circuit, the second symmetrization circuit, the second input of the second the commutator, the second asymmetrical guide being connected to the base symmetrical conducting a connection which extends the second access of the first end of the second symmetric circuit, the second symmetrical circuit and the second input of the second commutator, and wherein the second non-proportional line and the second section each comprise one of the two conductors in contact with each other in the adjacent area of the first second circuit symmetrization circuit.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling device designed to allow the coupling of two transmitters with one emitting element comprises a control circuit including measuring means for measuring the phase difference of the currents flowing through the second non-symmetrical conduit or the second region at the permeability level controlling the phase difference between the two transmitters .

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling device designed to allow the coupling of two transmitters with a single radiating element comprises a control circuit provided with a measuring means for measuring the phase difference of the currents flowing in the second symmetry circuit for controlling the phase difference between the two transmitters.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the symmetric circuits is a symmetric circuit formed by a secondary symmetrical line of a given length whose impedance changes continuously from the value of Z1 at its first end to the value Z1 according to the function Z = f (x), where Z is the impedance in the secondary line point distant by the length x from the end with the impedance Zd, where x lies in the interval from zero to a given length and f the function such that the curve representing Z = fCx) in the Cartesian coordinates gills the segment joining the curve ends above the center of the segment and the curve increases monotonically from point to x = 0 to the intersection between the curve and the segment, and monotonically decreases to the point for x equal to the length.

The invention further provides a transmitting station on decametric waves comprising at least one coupling device as defined above. Fig. 3 - Figures in the drawings

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a device in which one radiating element may be powered by one transmitter or two transmitters of a plurality of N transmitters according to the present invention; Figure 2 illustrates in more detail one part of the device of Figure 1; 3a and 3b show diagrams for connecting the measuring element to the device of FIG. Identical components have the same reference numerals in all figures. EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 is a partial schematic of a transmission station on a decametric wave according to the present invention. This transmitting station includes a building from which part of the wall is shown in FIG. 1. Inside the building there are four transmitters E1 to E2T, where N is a number larger than one, which is intended to be connected to an external location located outside the building. only single-domain A is shown.

In order to allow a connection between an antenna of a station such as Antenna A and a transmitter E1 to E1, a crossover switch G is provided inside the building, which has N inputs connected to lines C1 to Cff that are asymmetrical with outputs K of the transmitters and contains several outputs, each of which is connected to one antenna station. The first and second outputs of lattice switch G are connected to antenna A.

It will be appreciated that in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the conduits and the asymmetric conduit sections are coaxial cables.

The second output of the lattice switch G is connected to the antenna of the at least one, which comprises in series a coaxial conduit 2, a symmetrical circuit S2, a second approach of the commutator K2 with two positions, this actuator and a symmetrical conduit 2 · in this connection between the second outlet of the lattice switch G and the antenna A the inner conductor of the coaxial line 2 is connected to the second quadrupole input formed by the S-circuit.

The first output of the lattice switch G is connected to the antenna A by two joints: a first joint, which comprises, in a series of co-axes 1, a coaxial two-position commutator K1, a first output of the communicator K1 a coaxial portion L1, which forms part of the symmetric circuit S1 which has two outputs that are connected to the first commutator approach K2. and a symmetrical conduit 24, and a second connection, which comprises a series of coaxial conduit 1, a co-axial commutator KL, a second output of commutator KL, a co-axial section L2 whose internal conductor is connected to a first input of a four-pole formed by the symmetry circuit 52, the second commutator approach K2, the commutator and the symmetrical conduit 2 · The external conductors of the coaxial conduit 2 and the coaxial conduit L2 are in mutual electrical contact adjacent to their connection with the symmetric circuit S2 due to the two welded locations P1 and P2. In the present example, the symmetrizing circuits S1 and S2 of the type are described in French Patent Specification No. 2,556,508. These are symmetric circuits formed by a symmetrical line length L whose impedance continuously changes from Z1 to Z5 according to function Z = fCx), where Z is an impedance at a conduction point remote from the length x when 0 = x = L, from the end with the impedance Zd and f the function such that the curve representing Z = f (x) in the plane coordinates intersects the segment that joins the curve, on the center of the segment, and that the curve monotonically increases the point for x = 0 to the intersection of the curve with the segment and monotonously jumps from this intersection to the point for x = L.

Let the characteristic line impedance and non-proportional line sections used in the circuit according to FIG. 1 be equal to 50 Ohms and the characteristic impedance of the symmetrical line 2 is equal to 300 Ohms, then the values of Zd and Zs mentioned above are 50 Ohms and 300 Ohms of the Symm S1 and are 100 Ohms. and 300 Ohms for symmetry circuit S2.

The wiring according to FIG. 1 allows only one of the N transmitters E1 to E1 to be connected to the antenna A. For this purpose, it is sufficient to set the lattice switch G so that the output signal of the selected transmitter appears on the first output of the latch switch a and adjust the converters Π and K2 so that the signal follows the link that includes the symmetric circuit S1.

Fig. 1 also allows to connect two transmitters from N transmitters to antenna A. For this purpose, the switch G must be set so that the output signals of the two selected transmitters appear on its first and on its second output, the commutators KL and K2 must be so that the output signals of the two selected transmitters follow the links including the S2 ' s symmetry circuit. Thus, the energy emitted by the antenna A from one transmitter or two transmitters can be fed as needed. -5-

However, in order to satisfactorily perform the coupling of two transmitters with one antenna A, it is necessary to control the phase of the currents on the output of the coaxial line 2 and the coaxial line L2 that are connected in series in the electrical connection. At this point, there is a phase disposition and, if not, the phase difference between the two transmitters should be adapted.

FIG. 2, which shows a larger scale portion of the circuit of FIG. 1, contained between the lattice switch G and the symmetrical guide, shows how the phase opposition between the two currents is correct, that is, the current values in the symmetry conductors. the circuit S2 is equal to 1 and -I.

The first method of controlling this ISO0 phase difference consists in introducing two current loops a and one into a coaxial line 2 and a second into a coaxial line C2, adjacent to their connection with the symmetric circuit S2. The control circuit from which only the two current measuring loops 8 and 2 are shown in FIG. 2 allows to control the phase difference between the two transmitters connected to the analogue A in FIG. 1 so that the currents in the current loops 8 and 6 are phase-opposed.

The second method of controlling the 180 ° phase difference is to use a control circuit that contains only one current loop 6 arranged in a plane parallel to the plane of both conductors of the symmetric circuit S2 and at the same distance from the two conductors. Figures 3a and 3b, which show the same cross-section of the current loop 6 of the symmetry circuit S2, illustrate the conductors of this symmetry circuit. These conductors are formed from conductive rods 7 and 8 connected to each other by conductive couplings 6.

When currents are in phase in both conductors of the symmetric circuit S2 as indicated in Fig. A, the resulting vector of electric field generated by these currents at loop 6 is in the loop 6 and does not induce any current therein.

Conversely, when the currents in both conductors are in phase opposition, as indicated in Figure 3b, the resulting vector, Et, electrical formed by both currents at the loop level, 6 is perpendicular to its root, thus having an optimal position to induce loop current. Thus, the control of the phase difference between the two transmitters connected to the analog A is carried out so that the current in the current loop is maximum. -6-

The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. The symmetrization circuits S1 and S2 may be of any known type. The symmetrization circuits S1 and S2 described in the exemplary embodiment have been chosen because they have the best characteristics, especially with respect to adaptation, whereas this type of symmetric circuit does not use capacitors.

Claims (5)

-7- PATENTOVE A coupling device on decametric waves for selectively "bonding a first asymmetrical conduit or a first asymmetrical conduit to a basic symmetrical conduit, characterized in that the first asymmetric conduit is connected to a basic symmetrical conduit according to the first connection, which includes in the series the first commutator (KL), the first output of the first commutator (K1), the first CLI of the unbalanced line, the first end of the first symmetry circuit (SX), the first symmetry circuit and the first input of the second commutator (K2) and the second connection, includes in series a first commutator, a second commutator first output, a second unbalanced conduit section (L2), a first end of a second symmetric circuit (S2), a second symmetrical circuit, a second commutator second input, wherein the second non-symmetrical line is coupled to the base, which includes a second first approach the second symmetrical circuit, the second symmetric circuit and the second input of the second commutator, the second non-symmetrical circuit and the second circuit each comprising two conductors which are in contact with each other in the adjacent area of the first end of the second symmetric circuit. 2. A coupling device according to claim 1, for enabling two transmitters with one radiating element to be coupled, comprising a control circuit including measuring means (4,5) for measuring the phase difference of currents flowing through the second asymmetrical conduit (2) or the second a section (L2) at the region level to control the phase difference between the two transmitters. 3. A coupling device according to claim 1, for enabling two transmitters with one radiating element to be coupled, characterized in that it comprises a control circuit provided with a measuring means (6) for measuring the phase difference of currents flowing in the second control circuit (S2) for control. phase difference between the two emitters (E1-EJSF). 4. Coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the symmetric circuits (S1, S2) is a symmetric circuit formed by a secondary symmetrical guide of a given length whose impedance changes continuously from the value of Z1 at its first end to the value of Zs according to f.tincs Z = f (x), where Z is the impedance at the point of the secondary line distant by the length x from the end with the impedance Zd, where x lies in the interval eye of zero to the given length and f is -8- given function such that the curve representing Z = f (x) in the Cartesian coordinates in the plane intersects the segment joining the ends of the curve at the center of the segment, and the curve increases monotonically from the point for x = 0 to the intersection between the curve and the segment and monotonically decreases from this point to point for x equals a given length. 5. Transmitting station on decametric waves, characterized in that it comprises at least one device according to any one of items 1 to 4.