CS202660B1 - Agent for making coats against freezing and sticking to,sprayable at temperature to-70 centigrades - Google Patents

Abstract

Parent Patent disclosed use of an anti-icing and anti-adhesive agent consisting of (1) a film-forming water-repellent hydrocarbon component (I) contg. COOH gps., hydroperoxide decompsn. prods., or -SO3H or P-contg. gps. and(2) a water-repellent solvent, (II), having pour point below -30 degrees C and flash-point above 55 degrees C. In present Patent (I) is a distn. residue (I'), obtd. in pyrolysis of petroleum and petroleum fractions after distilling off hydrocarbons volatile at 150-180 degrees C, and consists mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons which are akylated in a way such that av. atomic ratio C:H 1:0.8-1.2 and av. atomic ratio Aliphatic: Aromatic is 1:0.5-2.5. Solvent component can be omitted when pour point of (I) is below temp. of use. The agent prevents freezing of loose materials, esp. of brown coal, ores and building materials, and adhesion of high alumina-contg. rubble or adhesive goods to solid surfaces. (I') is cheap and has no functional gps.; its liquidity simplifies mixing; anti-icing and anti-adhesive agent has a low temp. coefft. of viscosity.

Description

The invention also relates to an anti-freeze and anti-stick coating composition which can be washed down to -70 ° C, which prevents both wet bulk solids, in particular raw brown coal, from freezing to solid surfaces up to these temperatures and strongly adhering overburden rocks. and other sticky materials ·

Various methods are known which prevent the formation of ice during the transport of moist bulk solids by supplying heat.

The heat is supplied, for example, by briquette heating, electric resistance heating or by means of a high-frequency generator after the application of capacitor plates, among which the wet bulk material forms a lossy dielectric.

Furthermore, it is known to defrost frozen solids in thawing halls by using wet steam. It is also known that after spraying the inner surfaces of vehicles with an alkaline earth chloride solution, the ice begins to form only at lower temperatures (below -10 ° C). Improve the treatment of internal surfaces of vehicles

Further, it is known to defrost frozen solids by means of jet engines and other devices generating a stream of hot air and blowing them out or by means of a suitable ejector from conveying vessels.

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To prevent freezing, polyethylene plates were bolted or riveted to the inner surfaces of the coal wagons, the wagons lined with polyethylene foil or sprayed with plastics ·

All these methods have disadvantages. Heating with briquettes creates an increased risk of fire and requires a lot of manual work. Electric heating consumes a lot of electrical energy in the winter months and is very disturbing. During repair of the electric heater, the wagons must be taken out of circulation.

Defrosting halls require large investment costs; using wet steam and damaging wheel bearings and braking devices.

The use of alkaline earth chloride solutions leads to increased corrosion of the transport containers, spray equipment requires considerable maintenance, and the electrical conductivity of the salt solutions causes short circuits in the power lines. In addition, freezing occurs below -10 ° C.

Conveying vessels are severely damaged by mechanical turbulence devices.

Lining with polyethylene panels requires high material and labor costs; in addition, the adjustment of the holes for screws or rivets leads to increased corrosion. Polyethylene foils become brittle and brittle at low temperatures; therefore they can only be used for one load. Laying foils is expensive and laborious.

Plastic spraying requires costly equipment and, in addition, numerous types of plastic pose a fire risk when welding on transport containers.

A composition suitable for the exterior surface of hard paraffin, beeswax and metal fatty acid salts and lacquer benzijpi or decalin as solvents is described in German Patent No. 40,136. This suspension is expensive due to its composition and due to the large amount of solvents (80%) has a flash point of not more than 45 ° C. Small amounts of water as well as solids of soaps give rise to further processing deficiencies already at a temperature of a few degrees below 0 ° C, for example by clogging the spray nozzles.

According to German Patent No. 41 700, a wax emulsion, dispersion or suspension, waxes or other paraffinic compound * is used to prevent caking and non-freezing of raw lignite, overburden and the like. Closer information on the waxes and paraffins used is missing, so the article should be considered with insufficient evidence. Further, it is not explained how the composition is used at low temperatures, i.e. without the composition solidifying itself and thereby becoming intractable.

The release agent disclosed in German Patent No. 71,967 comprises as part of a hydrophobic partially oxidized paraffin; it is used for a completely different purpose and contains a large amount of water.

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Coatings which are not dipped onto metals or sheet materials from solutions and consist of a silicon-containing base layer and a polyorganohalogen polysiloxane coating layer are described in German Patent Specification δ. These coatings are very expensive. Treatment of objects with these solutions at temperatures below 0 ° C is not possible.

French patent specification δ. No. 1,095,333 discloses an aqueous dispersion as a glazing agent, for example, metal surfaces and car bodies, which contains Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and an oxyethylated alkylphenol to stabilize the dispersion. Due to the water content, the composition is not sprayable at temperatures below 0 ° C.

The composition described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,846,336, which is intended to include the adherence of wet material to metal surfaces, is based on the principle of moisture absorption. Means

Λ consists of a by-product of the copolymerization of cyclopentadiene, dicyclopexyl and linseed oil, acids falling off during esterification of tall oil and propanol, as well as petroleum-based solvents. This product cannot be used at low temperatures due to the large proportion of fuel oil; spray (pour point around 0 ° C) · In addition, the thin-film formulation can only receive very small amounts of moisture #

According to Soviet copyright certificate 6 · 332 119, an aqueous solution of ammonium salts of low-molecular weight aliphatic carboxylic acids is admixed with the bulk materials to prevent compact freezing.

The aqueous solution, depending on the concentration limited by the solubility of the salt, solidifies at low temperatures and can no longer be sprayed. In addition, the solution must be added to the bulk material in such a large quantity that the water content of the bulk material is noticeably worsening. salts for metal surfaces »

German Patent No. 111,523 discloses an antifreeze composition comprising, as a film-forming component, a distillation residue having a drop point of 40 to 50 ° C, falling off in the synthesis of fatty acids by oxidation of solid paraffins with atmospheric oxygen. · This polymerization during storage leads to an increase in viscosity and a shift in freezing point by temperatures above the freezing point. # The product is therefore not storable from one winter season to the next because sprayability can no longer be guaranteed after storage at freezing temperatures ·

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for making anti-freeze coatings on wet solid surfaces which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The above-mentioned drawbacks are remedied by the composition according to the invention, which consists of a film-forming mixture consisting of a distillation residue after the pyrolysis of petroleum and petroleum fractions after distillation of hydrocarbons running at 150 to 180 ° C, which consists predominantly of aromatic hydrocarbons ratio С: Ж is © 1 with 0 * 6 to 1.2

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and the average atomic ratio of H _allfaUc ký aromatic ^{H 1 '0.5 E8} 5.5 ^{and 2} * ⁸ * ⁹⁰ wt. 'Rosptoxutědla, which is pstrolej e destllačním range of 180 to 350 ° C, a freezing point below -4 ° C ⁰ - taptatou flare and ^d 55 ° C.

HiMtota above deatHaČního residue of 0.95 ^and 1.12 ^g .cm ^"3.

The film-forming hydrocarbon mixture is soluble in suitable hydrocarbons and as such may be coated:

- petroleum kerosene fraction boiling from 110d at 250 ° C;

- petroleum frequencyfrequency reading from 180 to 350 * 2 °;

- petroleum: the coffin in the evaporation of the molecular sieves;

- diesel and gasoline types with ³ setting wallpaper below -30 ° C ^;

- de-distillation residue obtained from refoiming with similar - boiling range /

- any other mixture of hydrocarbons of comparable properties.

The ratio of the aperture formation of the hydrocarbon mixture to the solvent depends on the required freezing point. and from the temperature at which the antifreeze agent adheres. At low outdoor temperatures and e, the concentration of the phito-forming hydrocarbon component may decrease, and at higher outdoor temperatures, the composition may be prepared upon application and higher concen- tration of the photo-forming components. If the distillation residue has a freezing point - below the application temperature and still sufficiently liquid, it may become apparent from the addition of the hydrophobic solvent.

Anti-freeze and sticking agent according to the invention and characterized in that it is cheap and dark. That for waste products for which use has not yet been made and whose disposal required additional costs, it has found its worth

Since the distillation residue falls off in the liquid form, the composition can be produced by procepepins by simple technology dosing in mixing. A further advantage is that the anti-adhering and adhering agent has a low temperature viscosity and hence storage for several months, does not affect safe spraying at temperatures below freezing.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention in more detail.

Example 1

Suitable film-forming component (1) is used when the distillation residue obtained after the pyrolysis gasoline ^ <^ e ^ es ^ i ^I ^ l ^ oic f Unlo hydrogens weeping to a temperature ^{of 18} 0C. Having a freezing temperature -3 ⁸ ° ^C and a density of ^1, 06 g.cm ^"3. The atomic ratio C: ^H is 1: 1 ^ 2 is ^H atomic ratio of aliphatic-aromatic ⁵ ^ ® ^{others' sl 1} »* • As the solvent component (5) -Then ije kerosene к ^ ^d i t ^of the ( boiling range 1ДО ⁰ and ³⁵ ° C, the temperature of ^{d p} lugged -40 ° C TE ^p lota flash point above 55 ° C). Compound 1 was mixed with stirring with 5 still ^to be ^{done, and} the mixture ratio of the two bsotanotní s ^ and the same. This mixture has a density of ⁰ 93 ^g .cm ^{'3 -,} and d is at least ^about

202 000 temperature “50 ° С liquid and sprayable.

Immediately after spraying onto the interior surfaces of the lignite wagon at -15 ° C, a well-adhering film is formed, strongly repelling ice and water.

As in Example 1, three further examples are worked out. The values are shown in the following table.

Table

Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Distillation residue (parts by weight) 70 30 100 ALIGN! Kerosene for cleaning (parts by weight) 30 70 - Freezing point (° C) -20 -38 -30 Distillation density (g.cm ^) 1.1 1.06 1.06 Ratio С: H 1: 0.98 1! 1.09 1: 1.02 The ratio of ^h _and i £ f _and tic ^{^} aromatic 1: 1.1 1: 2.1 1: 1.4 Final product density (g.cm ^) 0.98 0.87 1.06 Freezing temperature of the final product (° C) -25 -70 -30

Claims (1)

A sprayable anti-freeze and anti-stick coating composition at -70 ° C, characterized in that it consists of a film-forming mixture composed of a distillation residue from petroleum pyrolysis and petroleum fractions after distillation of hydrocarbons running at a temperature of 150 to 1 ° C, containing predominantly aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylated on the average atomic ratio C: Η 1: 0.8 to 1.2 and the average atomic ratio of H _{ii FAT} and _ck y * ^ aromatic 1: 0.5 to 2.5, and up to 90 % solvent, which is kerosene with a distillation range of 180 to 350 ° C, a pour point below -40 ° C and a flash point above +55 ° C.