CS209345B1

CS209345B1 - Dial gauge with strain gauge transmitter

Info

Publication number: CS209345B1
Application number: CS800079A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Jozef Kucka; Miroslav Oprsal
Original assignee: Jozef Kucka; Miroslav Oprsal
Priority date: 1979-11-21
Filing date: 1979-11-21
Publication date: 1981-11-30

Abstract

Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom jě merací přístroj určený na registráciu meraných hodndt aj mimo meraného miesta. Podstata úchylkomera spočívá v tom, že do' telesa úchylkomera je upevněná rúrka, pričom v jej rozšířenéj časti je votknutc uchytená ocelová planžeta pomocou dvoch segmentov a na nich nalisovaného prstenca. Přitom ocelová planžeta vyúsťuje do ramena, ktoré vyčnieva z rúrky a na konci ramena je uchytený spádný koniec spojovacieho prvku a horný koniec spojovacíeho prvku je uchytený na vodiacej tyčke dotykového hrotu úchylkomera. Na ocel’ovej planžete v blízkosti votknutia sú nalepené tenzometrické pásky, ktorých vývody sú vyvedené na svorkovničku spodného segmentu, ktorá je rovnoběžná s ocelovou planžetou v rúrke. V rúrke pod svorkovničkou je otvor pře kábel. Spojovacím prvkom ramena a vodiacej tyčky dotykového hrotu úchylkomera m6že byť tyčka alebo vinutá pružina. VzhTadom na to, že vyvodené napStie od ohybového momentu je priamo úměrné sile vo vinutéj pružině úchylkomera, je aj změna tejto sily priamo úměrná dlžkovej zmene indikovanej úchylkomerom, ktorú registrujú a vysie lajú tenzometre nalepené na planžete. Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom možno využiť v stavebníctve, strojárstve a všade tam, kde sa merajú úchylky súčiastok alebo dielov.A strain gauge with a strain gauge transmitter is a measuring instrument designed to register measured values even outside the measured location. The essence of the strain gauge is that a tube is fixed to the body of the strain gauge, while a steel blade is fixed in its widened part by means of two segments and a ring pressed onto them. The steel blade ends in an arm that protrudes from the tube and the sloping end of the connecting element is fixed at the end of the arm and the upper end of the connecting element is fixed to the guide rod of the strain gauge touch tip. Strain gauge strips are glued to the steel blade near the fixing, the leads of which are led to the terminal block of the lower segment, which is parallel to the steel blade in the tube. There is an opening for the cable in the tube under the terminal block. The connecting element between the arm and the guide rod of the strain gauge touch tip can be a rod or a coil spring. Since the voltage derived from the bending moment is directly proportional to the force in the coil spring of the deflection gauge, the change in this force is also directly proportional to the change in length indicated by the deflection gauge, which is registered and transmitted by strain gauges glued to the plate. A deflection gauge with a strain gauge transmitter can be used in construction, engineering and wherever the deflections of components or parts are measured.

Description

(54) Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom(54) Dial gauge with strain gauge transmitter

Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom jě merací přístroj určený na registráciu meraných hodndt aj mimo meraného miesta. Podstata úchylkomera spočívá v tom, že do' telesa úchylkomera je upevněná rúrka, pričom v jej rozšířenéj časti je votknutc uchytená ocelová planžeta pomocou dvoch segmentov a na nich nalisovaného prstenca. Přitom ocelová planžeta vyúsťuje do ramena, ktoré vyčnieva z rúrky a na konci ramena je uchytený spádný koniec spojovacieho prvku a horný koniec spojovacíeho prvku je uchytený na vodiacej tyčke dotykového hrotu úchylkomera. Na ocel’ovej planžete v blízkosti votknutia sú nalepené tenzometrické pásky, ktorých vývody sú vyvedené na svorkovničku spodného segmentu, ktorá je rovnoběžná s ocelovou planžetou v rúrke.The strain gauge with strain gauge transmitter is a measuring instrument designed to register measured values even outside the measured location. The principle of the dial gauge consists in that a tube is fixed in the dial gauge body, in its widened part a steel plate is fixedly clamped by means of two segments and a ring pressed thereon. In this case, the steel foil opens into an arm which protrudes from the tube, and at the end of the arm the downward end of the connecting element is retained and the upper end of the connecting element is retained on the guide bar of the stylus of the dial gauge. Strain gauge strips are attached to the steel plate near the inlet, the leads of which are led to the terminal block of the lower segment, which is parallel to the steel plate in the tube.

V rúrke pod svorkovničkou je otvor pře kábel. Spojovacím prvkom ramena a vodiacej tyčky dotykového hrotu úchylkomera m6že byť tyčka alebo vinutá pružina. VzhTadom na to, že vyvodené napStie od ohybového momentu je priamo úměrné sile vo vinutéj pružině úchylkomera, je aj změna tejto sily priamo úměrná dlžkovej zmene indikovanej úchylkomerom, ktorú registrujú a vysie lajú tenzometre nalepené na planžete.There is a cable opening in the tube under the terminal block. The connecting element of the arm and the guide rod of the dial tip of the dial indicator may be a rod or a coil spring. Since the applied bending moment is directly proportional to the force in the coil spring of the dial gauge, the variation of this force is also proportional to the length change indicated by the dial gauge, which is registered and transmitted by strain gauges glued to the screen.

Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom možno využiť v stavebníctve, strojárstve a všade tam, kde sa merajú úchylky súčiastok alebo dielov.The strain gauge with strain gauge transmitter can be used in construction, engineering and wherever deviations of components or parts are measured.

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Vynález sa týká úchylkomera, ktorý je vybavený snímačom a tenzometrickým vysielačom elektrického sťgnálu priamo úměrného meranej úchylke za účelom regiatrovania meranej hodnoty mimo meraného miesta.The present invention relates to a dial indicator having a sensor and a strain gauge transmitter of an electrical signal directly proportional to the measured dial, in order to register the measured value away from the measuring point.

V experimentálnom výskume třeba často merať dížkové.změny v rozsahoch do niekolko milimetrov. Na tento účel sa používajú mechanické přístroje - úchylkomery. Tieto eú na vysokom stupnikom stupni konátrukčnej přepracovanosti, technologickéj vyspělosti, prevádzkovej spolehlivosti, vyhovujúcej přesnosti a dobře je rieáený aj spfisob ich upevňovania při přípravě merania. V súčasnom období sa však stále viac uplatňuje automatizácia merania pomocou merania neelektrických veličin elektrickými metodami, komplexnými automatizovanými meracími systémami. Tu sa však prejavuje značný nedoatatok vyaielačov elektrických signálov, ktorých změna je úměrná meranej dížkovej zmene. Přitom však v mnohých prípadoch třeba meranú veličinu priamo sledoval v mieste merania. Na meranie dížkových zmien, resp. odchyliek alebo priehybov sú známe elektrické vysielače róznych typov, ktoré pracujú na rčznych princípoch, přitom majú bu3 malé meracie rozsahy alebo sú značné rozměrné, neumožňujú aledovať meranú veličinu aj priamo v mieste merania pri pomalých dejoch.In experimental research it is often necessary to measure longitudinal changes in ranges up to several millimeters. For this purpose, mechanical gauges are used. These eu have a high degree of design overhaul, technological maturity, operational reliability, satisfactory accuracy, and are well addressed in the way they are fixed in the preparation of measurement. At present, however, measurement automation is increasingly being applied by the measurement of non-electrical quantities by electrical methods, complex automated measurement systems. Here, however, there is a considerable lack of electrical signal transmitters whose change is proportional to the measured length change. In many cases, however, the measured quantity must be monitored directly at the measuring point. To measure length changes, resp. deviations or deflections are known electric transmitters of different types, which work on different principles, either having small measuring ranges or are large in size, do not allow the measured quantity to be monitored directly at the measuring site in slow events.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje úchylkomer vybavený tenzometrickým vysielačom podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že do telesa úchylkomera je upevněná rúrka, pričom v jej rozšírenej časti je votknuto uchytená ocelová planžeta pomocou dvoch aegmentov a na nich nalisovariého pratenca. Přitom ocelová planžeta vyúsťuje do ramena, ktoré vyčnieva z rúrky a na konci ramena je uchytený apodný koniec spojovacieho prvku a horný koniec apojovacieho prvku je uchytený na, vodiacej tyčke dotykového hrotu úchylkomera. Na ocelověj planžete v blízkosti votknutia sú nalepené tenzometrické pásky, ktorých vývpdy sú vyvedené na svorkovničku, ktorá je upevněná na spodnom segmente, situovaná rovnoběžně s ocelovou planžetou vo vnútri rúrky v jej rozšírenej časti. V rozšírenej časti rúrky. pod svórkovničkou je vyhotovený otvor, cez ktořý je na svorkovničku připojený spojovací elektrický kábel a tento je ešte upevněný objímkou, ktorá súčasne uzatvára otvor v rozšírenej časti rúrky. Přitom spojovacím prvkom ramena a vodiacej tyčky dotykového hrotu úchylkomera mfiže byť tyčka, na ktorej koncoch sú vytvořené kíby s nulovou včlou v amere merania, alebo týmto spojovacím prvkom jé vinutá pružina. Tým, že spodný koniec vinutéj pružiny úchylkomera je upevněný na konci ramena, do ktorého vyúšťuje ocelová planžeta, je v tejto vyvodené napfitie od ohybového momentu priamo úměrné sile vo vinutej pružině úchylkomera. Kečfže změna tejto sily je tiež priamo úměrná dížkovej změna indikovanej úohylkomerom, budú tenzometre nalepené na ocelověj planžete vyaielať elektrický aignál tiež priamo úderný meranej hodnotě /The aforementioned drawbacks are remedied by a dial gauge equipped with a strain gauge transmitter according to the invention, characterized in that a tube is fastened into the dial gauge body, and in its widened part a steel plate is clamped by means of two aegments and a press-on lattice. In this case, the steel foil opens into an arm which protrudes from the tube and at the end of the arm the like end of the connecting element is attached and the upper end of the connecting element is attached to the guide bar of the contact tip of the dial gauge. Strain gauges are glued to the steel plate near the inlet, the leads of which are led out to a terminal block, which is mounted on the lower segment, situated parallel to the steel plate inside the tube in its enlarged part. In the enlarged part of the pipe. below the terminal block there is an opening, through which a connecting electric cable is connected to the terminal block and this is still fastened by a sleeve which at the same time closes the opening in the enlarged part of the tube. In this connection, the connecting element of the arm and the guide rod of the dial tip of the dial indicator may be a rod at the ends of which the joints are formed with zero bees in the measuring direction or the connecting element is a coil spring. Since the lower end of the dial indicator spring is fixed at the end of the arm into which the steel foil is discharged, in this deduced tension from the bending moment is directly proportional to the force in the dial indicator spring. Since the change in this force is also proportional to the length change indicated by the dial gauge, the strain gauges stuck to the steel plate will also send an electrical signal directly to the measured value.

Vynález úchylkomera e tenzometrickým vysielačom pri použití vinutej pružiny ako spojovacieho prvku má zvlášť mimoriadne dobré vlastnosti, ktoré apočívajú v tom, že relativné velké meracie rozsahy možno vzhladom na pružný priehyb ocelověj planžety, resp. jej ramena rádovo zmenšiť, pretože vinutá pružina sa chová ako dělič meraného rozaahu, Čo je z hlediska velkosti vysielača velmi cenná vlastnosť. Takto upevněné bežne vyrábané úchylkomery si zachovajú svoje pčvodné vlastnosti a doplněné tenzometrickým Vysielačom aú vhodným snímačom polohy, reap. dížky pre použitie v automatizovaných meracích aystémoch.The invention of the dial gauge using a strain gauge transmitter using a coil spring as a connecting element has particularly particularly good properties, which are characterized in that the relatively large measuring ranges due to the elastic deflection of the steel foil and / or the diaphragm. its arms should be reduced in order, since the coil spring acts as a divider of the measured range, which is a very valuable feature in terms of transmitter size. Commonly produced dial gauges thus fixed retain their original characteristics and are supplemented by a strain gauge transmitter and a suitable position sensor, reap. lengths for use in automated measuring systems.

Na pripojenom obrázku je pohlad na zadnú stranu úchylkomera v čiaštočnom řeze a úplnom pozdížnom řeze v ňom osadenom tenzometriekom vysielači.In the attached figure, there is a view of the back side of the dial gauge in a sectional view and a full longitudinal section in it fitted with a strain gauge transmitter.

Do telesa 1 úchylkomera je pevne osadená rúrka 2 premenného prierezu, v ktorej je votknuto uchytená ocelová planžeta 2 pomocou horného segmentu £ a dolného segmentu 2 a na nich nalisovaného prstence 6. Ocelová planžeta vyúsťuje do ramena ]_ a na jeho konci je uchytený dolný koniec spojovacieho prvku 8. Na ocelověj planžete J v blízkosti jej votknutia sú nalepené tenzometrické pásky 2, ktorých vývody sú napojené na svorkovničku 10, ktorá je upevněná na dolnom segmente rovnoběžně situovaná s ocelovou planžetou V rozšírenej časti rúrky 2 premenného prieiezu pod svorkovníčkou 10 je vyhotovený otvor 11, cez ktorý je na svorkovničku 10 připojený elektrický kábel 12, ktorý je ešte upevněný objímkou 12 , ktorá súčasne uzatvára otvor 11 v rozšírenej časti rúrky 2 premenného prierezu.A variable cross section tube 2 is fixedly mounted in the dial body 1, in which the steel plate 2 is fixed by means of the upper segment 6 and the lower segment 2 and the ring 6 pressed thereon. The steel plate opens into the arm 11 and The tensometric strips 2 are attached to the steel strip J near its engagement, the outlets of which are connected to a terminal strip 10, which is fixed on the lower segment parallel to the steel strip. In the enlarged part of the tube 11, through which an electrical cable 12 is connected to the terminal block 10 and is still fastened by a sleeve 12 which at the same time closes the opening 11 in the enlarged part of the variable cross section tube 2.

Prs špeciálne případy merania možno úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom vyhotovitBreast gauges with strain gauge transmitter can be used for special measurement cases

I tak, že spojovacím prvkom je tyčka, ktorá má na oboch koncoch kíby s nulovou v61’ou v smere merania. Tým sa zabezpečí priame spojenie ramena 2^a dotykovým hrotom úchylkomera. Nakolko takéto vyhotovenie úchylkomera s tenzometrickým vysielačom má vplyv na rozsah merania, citlivost merania a prestavné sily úchylkomera, tento vplyv pre niektoré druhy merania mdže byt priaznivý.Even so, the connecting element is a rod having at both ends of the joint with a zero v61 'in the direction of measurement. This ensures a direct connection of the arm 2 ^{and the} contact tip of the dial indicator. Since such an embodiment of a strain gauge transmitter with a strain gauge transmitter affects the measurement range, the sensitivity of the measurement and the adjusting forces of the dial gauge, this effect may be favorable for some types of measurement.

Tým,že spodný koniec vinutéj pružiny úchylkomera je upevněný na konci ramena, do ktorého vyúsťuje ocelová planžeta, je v tejto vyvedené napfitie do ohybového momentu priamo úměrné sile vo vinutéj pružině úchylkomera. Ke3že změna tejto sily je tiež priamo úměrná dížkovej zmene indikovanéj úchylkomerom, budú tenzometre nalepené na ocelověj planžete vysielať elektrický signál tiež priamo úměrný meranej hodnotě.Since the lower end of the dial indicator spring is fixed at the end of the arm into which the steel foil opens, the bending moment is directly proportional to the bending moment of the dial indicator. Since the variation of this force is also proportional to the length change indicated by the dial gauge, the strain gauges stuck to the steel plate will also transmit an electrical signal proportional to the measured value.

Za účelom dosiahnutia osobitne dobrých vlastností vysielača, třeba použit celomostové zapojenie tenzometrických pásikov alebo fóliové odporové tenzometre, resp. polovodičové tenzometre.In order to achieve particularly good transmitter properties, it is necessary to use a full-bridge connection of strain gauge strips or foil resistance strain gauges, respectively. semiconductor strain gauges.

Úchylkomer s tenzometrickým vysielačom možno využit v stavebníctve, strojárstve a všade tam, kde sa merajú úchylky jednotlivých súčiastok, resp. dielov.Dial gauge with strain gauge transmitter can be used in construction, engineering and wherever the deviations of individual components, respectively. parts.

Claims

2 In the accompanying figure, there is a view of the back of the indicator in a partial section and a full-length section of the gauge transmitter fitted therein. A variable cross-sectional tube 2 is fixedly mounted in the indicator body 1, in which the retained steel sheet 2 is fixed by means of the upper segment 6 and the lower segment 6 and the pressed-in ring 6. Strain gauge tapes 2 are bonded to the steel sheet J, which are connected to the terminal strip 10, which is fixed in the lower segment parallel to the steel sheet in the widened part of the tube 2 of the variable cross-section under the terminal strip 10. there is provided an opening 11 through which an electrical cable 12 is attached to the terminal block 10, which is still fixed by a sleeve 12, which at the same time closes the opening 11 in the widened part of the tube 2 of the variable cross section. Breasts special cases of measurement can be made with a strain gauge transmitter so that the connecting element is a rod, which has at both ends joints with zero v61'ou in direction. This ensures a direct connection of the arm 2a with the touch probe tip. Since such a gauge transmitter transmitter design affects the measuring range, the sensitivity of the measurement, and the dial gauge force, this effect may be favorable for some types of measurement. In that the lower end of the dial indicator coil spring is fixed at the end of the arm into which the steel blade opens, the force in the winding spring of the indicator is directly proportional to the bending moment. As the change in this force is also directly proportional to the variation indicated by the dial, the strain gauges stuck to the steel plate will transmit an electrical signal also directly proportional to the measured value. In order to achieve particularly good transmitter characteristics, the use of a strain gauge strip or foil resistance strain gauge, respectively, is required. semiconductor strain gauges. Dial gauge with strain gauge transmitter can be used in construction, engineering and where the deviations of individual components are measured. parts. BEFORE THE INVENTION METHOD

A gauge with a strain gauge, characterized in that a variable cross-sectional tube (2) is fixed in the deflector body (1), in which the fixed steel plate (3) is clamped by the upper segment (4) and the lower segment (5) and on them a non-pressed ring (6), while the steel sheet (3) opens into the arm (7) »at which end the connecting element (8) is attached and the strain gauge tapes (9) are glued to the steel sheet (3) adjacent to it; ) and a terminal strip (10) is mounted on the lower segment (5), situated parallel to the steel sheet (3), while an opening (11) for the electric cable is provided in the widened part of the variable cross section tube (10) (12), which is fixed by a sleeve (13) which simultaneously closes the opening (11). 3. A tensometer with a strain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (8) is a rod on which the cone of the weave with zero v61' is in the direction of measurement.

3. Indicator with strain gauge transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (8) is a coil spring which is attached at its lower end to the end of the arm (7). 1 drawing