CS210043B1 - Detergent mixture with admixture of alkaline activated bentonite and method of preparation thereof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a detergent composition with the addition of an alkali-activated bentonite and a process for its preparation.

So far sequestering agents for detergents - polyphosphates and, in particular, disodium triphosphate, complexly bind alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium and other metals such as iron, copper and the like and are a necessary additive for hard water washing. The disadvantage of their use is their interaction with wastewater, where phosphates induce eutrophication processes, ie extraordinary growth of phytoplankton, the least algae, which is especially manifested in the stagnant waters of lakes, reservoirs and at the mouth of rivers in the sea, causing the suffocation of water, prevalence of anaeros with the release of hydrogen sulfide to the extinction of biological processes in living organisms. The proposed organic compounds capable of binding alkaline earth metals in the form of a complex have been proposed to replace polyphosphates. These are complexones such as nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, polymeric acids such as polyacrylic acid and polyethylenemaleic acid, lower di- and tricarboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, always applied in the form of soluble, predominantly sodium salts and oxidized starches. The substitution of tripolyphosphate by these substances is less than 50Z and the difficulties are approached by the use of polymeric compounds in the form of poor biodegradability, and in the case of nitrilotriacetic acid, suspicion of carcinogenic effect. It has also been proposed to use form A synthetic zeolite exchangers prepared by the reaction of water glass and alumina, which can replace the phosphates used at about 50 Z. The disadvantage of their use is the insolubility in the washing baths and the economically disadvantageous price. In addition to polyphosphates, respectively. Silicic acid salts and waterglass are used as ingredients in detergent compositions as additives to stabilize the bleaching agent sodium perborate and as protective colloids. In the absence of polyphosphates, however, these additives are not very effective.

The above drawbacks are remedied in a detergent composition with an addition of alkali-activated bentonite, montmori last year, which consists of 1 to 25% by weight of alkali-activated bentonite, 1 to 25% by weight of trisodium triphosphate, 1 to 3% by weight of sodium carbonate 3 to 6% by weight of sodium sulfate, 4 to 4% by weight of soap, up to 5% by weight of sodium silicate,

0.2 to 0.5% by weight of the optical brightener, 1 to 2% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and the remainder to 100% by weight are sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate. The detergent composition is prepared by mixing these ingredients at selected ratios, wherein the addition of microdisperse alkaline activated bentonite is prepared by removing particles above 6 µm from its aqueous suspension by sedimentation or centrifugation. They are further alkaline activated in a solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide added as a solid hydroxide or a 20-30% solution to the suspension. with at least 80% by weight of bentonite in water in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2, boiling for 10 to 30 hours, preferably 16 hours. The product is decanted, washed with water and dried at 110-125 ° C.

Alkali-activated microdisperse bentonites exhibit a synergistic effect when mixed with sodium triphosphate, accompanied by an increase in the laundering effect, with the addition of sodium phosphate to melt the peptide effect on the bentonite suspensions. Their efficacy in the washing bath is complex, having a distinct sequestering ability, emulsifying and dispersing efficiency. Due to the high specific surface area, some constituents of the dirt bind and prevent their redisposition to the material to be cleaned. They do not cause any discomfort in the waste water, since they are inorganic additives commonly found in the soil complex, and bentonites can participate in the self-cleaning process of water in rivers. In the following, the subject matter of the invention is illustrated by way of example, without being limited thereto.

Example 1

100 g of bentonite is dispersed in 8.1 distilled water and a fine suspension is withdrawn after sedimentation of particles having a size greater than 6 .mu.m. To the suspension! solid sodium hydroxide is added to bring the amount in proportion to the suspension! The bentonite was 1: 1. The mixture of Table 1% washes the model contamination and was then boiled under a reflux condenser for 16 hours. After washing several times with water and decanting, the solid phase is drained and dried at 110 to 125 ° C.

The bentonite thus prepared was used as a detergent additive at a concentration of from 0 to 25% by weight of the detergent, replacing the addition of sodium trisodium phosphate from 0 to 100%. The detergent further contained sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (30% by weight), sodium carbonate (2% by weight). sodium sulphate (32.7% by weight), soap (5% by weight), sodium silicate (4% by weight), optical brightener (0.3% by weight), and sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

Cotton fabric according to ČSN 80 0101 was contaminated with a model solution of the following composition: powdered milk - 40 g, gelatin - 3 g, black ink - 22 g, sunflower oil - 60 g, carbon tetrachloride - 25 g, distilled water - 200 g. was carried out in a laboratory washing machine for 10 minutes at 80 ° C, the detergent concentration was 4 g. The whiteness of the soiled and washed samples was determined on a leukometer, and the X rinsing of the impurities is related to the washing efficiency of potassium oleate. % of the model contamination depending on the detergent composition with the addition of bentonite according to Example 1 is shown in Table 1.

depending on the composition of the detergent.

Sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent ingredient 30 Sodium triphosphate 25 Activated bentonite / x-% Sodium triphosphate / sodium nanoate substitution / Sodium carbonate 2 Sodium sulfate 32.7 Soap 5 Sodium silicate 4 Optical brightener 0.3 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1% Wash 101.5

30 30 30 30 18.75 12.5 6.25 - 6.25 12.5 18.75 25 X-25Z / / x-50S? / / x-75% / x-100% 2 2 2 2 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 1 1 1 104.5 109.5 107.5 100.5

Example 2

To 200 g of bentonite fraction, prepared by drying a suspension of the starting crude bentonite after separation. 400 g of potassium hydroxide in the form of a 20% solution was added to the particles having a size greater than 6 μτα and the mixture was boiled for 10 hours. Further, the alkali hydroxide was removed by washing several times with water and decanting. Finally, the solid phase was freed of residual water and the product dried at 110 ° C.

Table 2.% describes the model contamination in both Table 1 and the addition of bentonite

The bentonite thus prepared was used as a detergent additive at a concentration of 0 to 25% by weight, replacing the sodium trisodium phosphate additive from 0 to 100%. Furthermore, the detergent contained the same ingredients as in Example 1. Pollution of model fabric, washing and dirt washing was performed as in Example 1. The washing efficacy results, expressed as% wash, related to the washing efficacy of potassium oleate are shown in Table 2.

depending on the composition of the detergent (detergent according to Example 2).

activated bentonite as x-% substitution of trisodium phosphate in detergent X

50 75 100

Example 3

An aqueous suspension of finely dispersed bentonite, prepared by separating particles of a size

104.0 108.5 106.0 100.5 by weighing more than 6 µl by centrifugation was boiled with an amount of sodium hydroxide

0.8 parts by weight of solid sodium hydroxide per 1 part by weight of the fine-dispersed bentonite suspension for 30 hours. After decanting and washing the product from excess hydroxide with water, the material was dried at 125 ° C.

The bentonite thus prepared was used as a detergent additive at a concentration of from 0

Table 3.

% of model soil wash in both Table 1 and bentonite addition of up to 25% by weight, replacing the addition of disodium triphosphate from 0 to 100. Soil of model fabric, detergent wash and% soil wash was evaluated as in Example 1 and is shown in Table 3.

detergent (detergent depending on the composition of Example 3).

activated bentonite as x-% substitution of disodium triphosphate in detergent

100% wash

101.5

103.5 107.5 105.0

99.0

Alkali-activated microdisperse bentonites can be used as a detergent additive which replaces up to 75% of the phosphate additions while exhibiting a synergistic effect in the mixture with an increase in the washing effect of up to 6%.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT A detergent composition with an addition of an alkali-activated bentonite composed of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, soap, sodium silicate, an optical brightener and carboxymethylcellulose, characterized in that it consists of 1 to 25% by weight of alkali-activated bentonite 25% by weight of disodium triphosphate, 1 to 3% by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 to 6% by weight of sodium sulfate, 4 to 6% by weight of soap, 3 to 5% by weight of sodium silicate, 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of optical brightener 1 to 2% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose; and OF THE INVENTION the remainder to 100% is sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate. 2. A process for preparing a detergent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein particles above 6 microns are removed from the bentonite by sedimentation or centrifugation, and solid sodium hydroxide or 20 to 30% sodium hydroxide solution is added to the suspension with at least 80% bentonite by weight. or potassium in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 under boiling for 10 to 30 hours, preferably 16 hours, further decanting the product, washing with water and drying at 110 to 125 ° C and the ingredients of item 1 with it mix.