CS218042B1 - Process for preparing modified filler fat - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing modified filler fats for food applications for heavy duty applications as confectionery products. The aim was to find a technology for the production of a modified fill fat with low demands on the apparatus, and thus with an objectively low cost of operation and with as high a process yield as possible. The result was achieved by finding specific conditions of selective hydrogenation and isomerization in relation to a defined defined qualitative and quantitative composition of the raw materials and determining the conditions for homogenization and conditioning of the product.

Description

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a process for preparing a modified fatty acid triglyceride filler fat for use in the food industry.

The raw materials used for the preparation of modified fats are fats and oils of both vegetable and animal origin. The preparation of modified fats from said raw materials or mixtures thereof has several technological stages. The simplest known process for the preparation of modified fats consists in the hydrogenation of an oil or oil mixture and subsequent fractionation, which is carried out either in the solvent or directly from the fat phase after crystallization, by separation by mechanical filtration, or by physical-chemical separation and a liquid phase using surfactants in a water solution.

According to the procedures described in the literature in the literature, modified fat having model properties is prepared by hydrogenation of an oil or oil mixture, after which the hydrogenated fat obtained is interesterified with the addition of another type of oil, usually of laureate and subjected to transesterified hydrogenated fat. Fractionation yields a solid and liquid fat phase. By repeated fractionation of the liquid phase, a semi-solid and liquid fraction of the fat phase can be obtained. By mixing the liquid and solid fractions, or the semi-solid and solid fractions in a suitable ratio, the modified fat is obtained in the desired properties. For the purpose of hydrogenation of fats for this purpose, a selective supported Ni catalyst, an isomerized Ni supported sulfur-containing catalyst, or a Cu-Cr catalyst which is used in the first stage of hydrogenation and is completed using a Ni catalyst. The interesterification of the hydrogenated fat or the transesterification of the fat mixture is carried out according to a known method, using sodium methylate or sodium metal as the catalyst.

The disadvantages of these processes are the high demands on apparatus design, high operating costs and low product yield.

These drawbacks are overcome by the process for preparing the modified packed fat according to the invention, which comprises homogenizing 75 to 85 wt. o / _o selectively hydrogenated and isomerized rapeseed oil to a melting point of 3.3 to 35 ° C containing 0.2 to 12 wt. % erucic acid, with 15 to 25 wt. % of palm oil hydrogenated to a melting point of 42-45 ° C, after which the homogenized mixture is subjected to a final treatment.

The preparation of the modified filling fat according to the invention is carried out by first selectively hydrogenating and isomerizing the rapeseed oil containing maximum. Low: 14 ° C

14.5 ° C 35.8 wt. % erucic acid, which is carried out in a hydrogenation autoclave using a supported Ni catalyst in an amount of 1 to 4 wt. The Ni catalyst used contains 15 to 25 wt. % Ni and 3 to 12 wt. % sulfur to Ni. Hydrogen pressure at hydrogenation is 0.05 to 0.3 MPa and oil temperature at hydrogenation 180 to 220 ° C, for a period of 3 hours to 4 hours.

After filtering off the catalyst, a first component of a modified fat blend having a melting point of 33-35 ° C, having a high transisomer content of 55-60 wt. % and with an unsuitable dilatation profile for the purpose, since the fat is only completely melted at 412 to 46 ° C. The melting curve of this fat is expanded compared to the requirement for a steep melting curve of the model fat.

The second component of the modified packed fat blend is prepared according to the invention by hydrogenating palm oil using a supported Ni catalyst of 15 to 25 wt. % Ni in an amount of 0.02 to 0.07 wt. % Ni, calculated on the weight of the oil, by a conventional hydrogenation process at a hydrogen pressure of 0.05 to 0.3 MPa, at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C, for 3 hours to 4 hours. After filtering off the catalyst, a hydrogenated fat is obtained having a melting point of 42-45 ° C with a low transisomer content of 32-40 wt. Which, by its physical constants and properties, does not meet the requirements for modified fat according to the invention. Hydrogenated palm fat has a high melting point, an unsatisfactory dilatation profile with a high solids index of up to 25 at 40 ° C and an unsuitable dilatation profile for the purpose, since the fat is only fully melted at 45-48 ° C.

The two components are homogenized in a specified amount at a temperature of 65-85 ° C, after which the homogenized mixture is subjected to a final treatment consisting in its neutralization and subsequent deodorization.

He added tons of rapeseed oil containing 3.7 wt. % of erucic acid having an iodine number of 110.1 to which 200 kg of a catalyst containing 15 wt. % Ni and 6 wt. % of sulfur, calculated on the weight of Ni, was hydrogenated under conditions of selective hydrogenation isomerization at 180 degrees Celsius, under a hydrogen pressure of 1 bar for 3 hours. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, a modified iodine fat component A was obtained. 78.4, melting point

34.7 ° C, pour point 21 ° C, with a difference between the melting and freezing point 13.7 ° C and a dilatometric profile, which is defined by the SFI solids index:

6.0 ° C The melting end of Component A was determined from the final melting point ^. temperature 45 ° C.

t of palm oil having an iodine number of 56.5, with a palmitic acid content of 40.5 wt. % and a melting point of 314.5 ° C to which 12.5 g of active catalyst containing 20 wt. % Ni, was hydrogenated at ° C, 30 ° C, 37 ° C

67.1 59 46

By determining the melting end of component B, the observed temperature was 48.5 ° C.

t of component A and 1 't of component B were homogenized in a mixing tank at 80 ° C for 15 minutes and a modification of 20 ° C to 30 ° C was obtained

22nd

The melting end of the modified fat was determined to give a temperature of 38.5 ° C. The achieved dilatametric profile shows that the modified fat has better physical properties than the fats used to date for this purpose. The yield of the process is 96 wt. %.

Example 2 tons of rapeseed oil containing 6.5 wt. percent of erucic acid having an iodine value of 108.5 to which 150 kg at 20 ° C was added: 30 ° C

33,5 13,8

The melting end of component A was determined to be 43 ° C.

.5 tons of palm oil by iodine. No. 54.2 with a palmitic acid content of 44.2 wt. And a melting point of 35.7 ° C to which 15 kg of an active catalyst containing 20 wt. ´0 / o Ni, was hydrogenated at 200 ° C, under a hydrogen pressure of 0.2 MPa ° C «30 ° C 37 ° C

70.5 61.0 48.0

By determining the melting end of component B, the temperature was 49.5 ° C.

3.75 t of component A and 1.25 t of component B were homogenized in a mixing tank at 85 ° G for 15 minutes to obtain a mo20 ° C of 30 ° C

26

The melting end of the modified tulle was determined to have a temperature of 39.5 ° C. The dilatometric profile achieved shows that the modified fat has better physical properties than the fats used for the purpose so far.

The process yield is 97 wt. ° / o.

temperature 190 ° C, under a pressure of hydrogen 0.15 MPa for 3.5 hours. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, component B of modified fat having an iodine number of 50.3, a melting point of 43.3 ^° C, a freezing point of 28.9 ° C and a difference between the melting and freezing point of 14.4 ° C and a dilatometric profile is obtained. defined by the fixed-share index, SFI:

Deň: 45 ° C

24,3 2 forged fat of iodine number 72,7, melting point 35 ° C, pour point 26 ° C, and the difference between the melting and freezing point 9 ° C and the dilatometric profile defined by the SFI solids index:

Deň: 33 ° C

% Of the catalyst containing 15 wt. % Ni and 8.5 wt.% Sulfur, calculated on the weight of Ni, were hydrogenated under selective hydrogenation isomerization conditions at 190 ° C, under a hydrogen pressure of 0.2 MPa for 3.5 hours. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, a modified iodine fat component A was obtained. 75.3, melting point 33.5 ° C, freezing point 20 ° C, with a difference between melting and freezing point 13.5 ° C and a dilatometric profile, which is defined by the SFI solids index:

Deň: 33 ° C

5.8 - for 3.0 hours. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, a modified iodine component B of component 48.4, melting point 45 ° C, pour point 31.8 ° C, was obtained with a difference between melting and freezing point 13.2 ° C and a dilatometric profile, which is defined by the SFI · share index:

Deň: 45 ° C

26,5 4 Diffused fat. o iodine 68.5, melting point 36.0 ° C, pour point 26.0 ° C with a difference between melting and freezing point 10.0 ° C and a dilatoinetric profile defined by the AFI solids index:

Deň: 33 ° C

7,5 0

Example 3 tons of rapeseed oil containing 10,5 wt. ° / o erucic acid o iodine. 102.3, to which 180 kg of a catalyst containing 22 wt. % Ni and 10 wt. % sulfur, calculated on the weight of Ni, was hydrogenated under conditions of selective hydrogenation of the isomerization at 180 ° C, under a hydrogen pressure of 50 psi for 3.0 hours. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, a modified fat component A of 20 ° C to 30 ° C was obtained

35,2 15,8

The temperature of 45 ° C was determined by determining the melting end of component A.

t of palm oil by iodine. 56.5, with a palmitic acid content of 40.5 wt. % and a melting point of 34.5 ° C to which 15 kg of active catalyst containing 15 wt. % Ni, was hydrogenated at 195 ° C at 0.3 MPa for 4 h 20 ° C 30 ° 0 37 ° C

65.2 58.1 43.6

The melting end of component B was determined to be 46 ° C.

4.25 t of component A and 0.75 t of component B were homogenized in a mixing tank at 70 ° C for 15 minutes and a mo20 ° C of 30 ° C was obtained

21. Determination of the end of melting of the modified fat gave a temperature of 38 ° C. The dilatometric profile obtained shows that the modal number 70.8, the melting point of 35 ° C, the pour point of 22 ° C, with the difference between the melting and freezing point of 13 ° C and the dilatometric profile, which is defined by the SFI solids index:

Deň: 33 ° C

6.5 - din. After removal of the catalyst by filtration, a modified iodine fat component B was obtained. 51.5, melting point 42 ° C, pour point 29.3 ° C with difference between melting and freezing point 12.7 ° C and dilatometric profile, which is defined by the SFI solids index:

Deň: 45 ° C

21,2 1,0 Diffused iodine fat. 67.8, melting point

35.2 ° C, pour point 25.7 ° C with a difference between melting and freezing point 9.5 ° C and a dllatometric profile defined by the SFI solids index:

Deň: 33 ° C

The fat has better physical properties than previously used fats for the purpose.

The process yield is 95 wt. ° / o.

Claims (1)

Process for preparing a modified packed fat, characterized in that from 75 to 85 wt. % selectively hydrogenated and isomerized rapeseed oil to melting point 33 to Y N A L Ε Z U 35 ° C, containing 0.2 to 12 wt. % erucic acid, with 15 to 25 wt. % of palm oil, hydrogenated to a melting point of 42-45 ° C, after which the homogenized mixture is subjected to a final treatment.