CS226541B1 - Lubricating oil for internal combustion and diesel engines - Google Patents

Description

Of the ester oils, with regard to their thermal stability, diester oils are particularly suitable for oils for gasoline and non-supercharged diesel engines and polyol esters as well as for oils for supercharged diesel engines.

Partially synthetic motor oils are generally additive with the same additives as the same types of pure petroleum base oils. On the other hand, fully synthetic oils require especially additives and fundamentally different additives. Semi-synthetic motor oils generally require fewer additives, in particular detergent, dispersant and antioxidant, than the same types of pure petroleum base oil to achieve the same performance. For example, with a content of the synthetic component in the partially synthetic oil of about 20% by weight, the addition of said additives can be reduced by up to about 20%.

The total content of detergent, dispersant, antioxidant and lubricant enhancing additives under increased pressure varies between the various groups of engine oils specified in the engine oil specifications for their area of use, recommended by the Standing Committee on Gas and Gas Industries (approximate brackets given in parentheses). API stage group) approximately within the following ranges:

group B: B _b B ₂ (SC, CA): 3-6 wt.%, group C: C _b C ₂ (SD, CB): 5-10 wt. group: D: D _b D _a (SE, CCj: 8-15% w / w Group E: (CD): 12-20% w / w

The present invention is directed to single-stage lubricating oils for gasoline and diesel engines, including turbocharged engines, meeting the requirements of the cost indicators prescribed for individual performance classes B, C, D, E (RVHP classification stages) of these oils.

Lubricating oil for gasoline and diesel engines including the turbocharged stage of the present invention consists of a base oil of petroleum or partially synthetic and refining additives, the base oil having a viscosity corresponding to a corresponding viscosity class of the resulting oil from about 3.8 to about 22 m ² . ^s1 at 100 ° C, VI preferably above 90 for petroleum oils and above 100 for partially synthetic oils, pour point at most —5 ° C, preferably at —12 ° C, flash point at least 180 ° C, preferably above 200 degrees Celsius and consists of at least one, preferably at least two, petroleum refined petroleum fractions and partially synthetic oil, other than petroleum fractions, containing 10 to 60% | %, preferably 15 to 30 wt. a synthetic oil, or a mixture of synthetic oils such as diester oils based on dicarboxylic acids mainly of C ₆ to C ₁₂ and aliphatic monoalcohols C ₆ to C ₁₆ , in particular branched as 2-ethylhexanol and C ₁₀ to C ₁₃ oxoalcohols, polyol esters based on polyols mainly of the non-pentyl structure such as trimethyloalkanes and pentaerythritol and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, in particular C ₅ to C ₉ , complex ester oils or alkali hydrocarbon oil polymer such as polymers of 1-alkene oligomers hydrogenated and detergent-dispersing additives the oil may contain other commonly used additives such as oxidation, corrosion and rust inhibitors, friction modifiers, oil freezing point additives, anti-foaming, antiseptic, oil color and odor enhancing additives, and others, characterized by containing 1,5 to 25.0 wt.%, Preferably 2.5 to 15.0 wt. mixtures of detergent dispersing additives, calculated as 50% oil concentrates, consisting of one or more sulphonate ingredients and one or more ingredients derived from one or more alkylsalicylate, alkylphenolate and alkylphenol sulphide additive groups, the ratio by weight of sulphonate ingredients to other ingredients is at least 1: 19, preferably in the range of 1: 3 to 3: 2, based on 50% by weight of the additive concentrates, 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 5, 0% by weight, based on the active ingredient, of the dispersants of succinimide, bissuccinimide and / or phosphonate and / or thiophosphonate, and 0.2 to 4.0% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 1.4% by weight, calculated to the active ingredient, antioder additives, preferably zinc dithiophosphate. The sulfonate additives are oil-soluble alkaline earth metal sulfonates, preferably calcium and magnesium, neutral and basic, based on petroleum and synthetic monosulfoacids having a molecular weight of at least 250, preferably 400 to 480. Alkylsalicylate additives are oil-soluble calcium, neutral and basic alkylsalicylates, C ₁₂ to C ₂ , preferably C ₁₄ to C ₁₈ . Alkylphenol and alkylphenol sulfide additives are oil-soluble alkylphenol and calcium and barium alkylphenol sulfides, neutral and basic.

To illustrate the invention in an illustrative manner, non-limiting examples are given.

Example 1

Group C engine oil, grade RVHP (corresponding to approximate group SD, CB according to API), was prepared as follows:

Multadide OB (zinc dithlophosphate) Ca-sulphonate low base, 30% Ca-alkylsalicylate basic, 50% barium sulphide alkyl barium basic,% selectively refined and hydrogenated petroleum oil with viscosity 11,5 mm ² . with ^_1 / 100 ° C, VI 91.1 selectively hydrogenated and refined petroleum oil having a viscosity of 14.4 mm ^2nd s ^-1 / 100 ° C, VI 90.0

When evaluated by the AVI Petter engine, the oil reached 88.3 points. The oil met the reserve level prescribed for oil of this class with reserve.

Example 2

Group C engine oil was prepared as in Example 1, except that 2.6 wt. Low-base 30% Ca-sulfonate (corresponding to 1.56% by weight, 50% product) increased the amounts of basic 50% Ca-alkyl salicylate to 1.98 pens. wt. %, and a barium basic sulfide alkylphenolate also to 1.98 wt. The amounts of the two base petroleum oils, in the same ratio as in Example 1, were adjusted so that the sum of the components of the resulting oil was 100% by weight. The total amount of detergent dispersants, calculated as the active ingredient, is the same in the oils of Examples 1 and 2, but the oil of Example 2 does not contain the sulfonate additive required to produce a synergistic effect.

The oil reached 85.2 points when evaluated by the AVI Petter Engine.

1.2 wt.

2.6 wt.

1.2 wt.

1.2 wt.

46.8 wt.

47.0 wt.

Example 3

An engine oil of a partially synthetic composition was prepared as in Example 1, except that the dozing of each of the two oil components was reduced by 10% by weight. and 20 wt. diester oil based on dodecanedioic acid and 2-ethylhexanol.

The oil reached 89.2 points when evaluated by the AVI Petter Engine. The increase in the score over the oils in Example 1 is due to the beneficial effect of the synthetic component.

Example 4

A partially synthetic motor oil was prepared to which the ingredients as in the oil of Example 2 and the base oil consisting of two petroleum and one synthetic component as in Example 3 were added to 100%. In the oil of Example 4, unlike the oil of Example 3, the sulfonate additive required to produce the synergistic effect of the detergent dispersing additive is present.

The oil reached 87.1 points when evaluated by the AVI Petter Engine.

Claims (4)

WE'RE GOING ' 1. Lubricating oil for gasoline and diesel engines including turbo-charged, which consists of a petroleum base oil or partially synthetic and zušlachťujúcich additives, wherein the base oil has a viscosity corresponding to the class j & vlskozitn resulting oil is from about 3.8 to about 22 mnř.s' at ¹ 100 ° C, VI preferably above 90 and partially synthetic oil contains 10 to 60 washes in addition to the petroleum component. %, preferably 15 to 30 wt. synthetic oil or synthetic oil blends such as ester or polymer oils based on alkene hydrocarbons and may also contain other commonly used additives such as oxidation, corrosion and rust inhibitors, thyroid modifiers, oil freezing point additives, antifoaming, antiseptic, color enhancing additives and odors of oils and others, characterized in that it contains 1.5 to 25.0% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 15.0% by weight. detergent-dispersion compositions of the invention, calculated as 50% oil concentrates, consisting of one or more sulfonate ingredients and one or more ingredients derived from one or more of an alkylsalicylate, alkylphenolate and alkylphenol sulfide additive group, the weight ratio of the other sulfonate additive to the weight of the other The additives are at least 1: 19, preferably in the range 1: 3 to 3: 2, based on 50% additive concentrates, 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 5.0 °. % by weight, calculated on the active ingredient, of dispersing agents succinimide, bissuccinimide and / or phosphonate and / or thiophosphonate, and 0.2 to 4.0 wt.%, preferably 0.5 to 1.4 wt. an active ingredient, anti-abrasive additives, preferably zinc dithiophosphate. 2. Lubricating oil for petrol and / or diesel226541 The engines according to claim 1, characterized in that the sulphonate additives are oil-soluble, alkaline-earth metal sulphonates, preferably calcium and magnesium, based on petroleum and synthetic monosulphonic acids having a molecular weight of at least 250, preferably 400 to 480. Lubricating oil for petrol and / or diesel engines according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the alkyl alkyl salicylate additives are oil-soluble calcium alkyl salicylates, neutral and basic with C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ alkyls, preferably up to C 18. Lubricating oil for petrol and / or diesel engines according to items 1 to 3, characterized in that the alkylphenol and alkylphenol sulphide additives are oil-soluble alkylphenol and calcium and barium alkylphenol sulphides, neutral and basic. Severography, n. P., Plant 7, Most Price 2,40 Kčs