CS231751B1 - Method of continual measuring of soil infiltration ability in conditions of pressureless infiltration - Google Patents
Method of continual measuring of soil infiltration ability in conditions of pressureless infiltration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS231751B1 CS231751B1 CS791047A CS104779A CS231751B1 CS 231751 B1 CS231751 B1 CS 231751B1 CS 791047 A CS791047 A CS 791047A CS 104779 A CS104779 A CS 104779A CS 231751 B1 CS231751 B1 CS 231751B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- infiltration
- soil
- water
- conditions
- pressureless
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
Vynález sa týká sposobu merania vsakovacej schopnosti pody a jeho využitie spadá do oblasti poinohospodárskych meliorácií a meracej techniky.The invention relates to a method for measuring the absorbency of a substrate and its use falls within the field of agricultural amelioration and measuring technology.
Infiltrácia zrážok do pody prebieha vo váčšine prípadov v prirodzených podmienkacht ako imfiltrácia beztlaková.Infiltration of rainfalls into the ground occurs in most cases in natural conditions such as non-pressurized imfiltration.
Sposoby merania, ktoré sa doteraz použí.vajú na stanovenie vsakovacej schopnosti pody, majú nedostatky, nakoíko vsakovanie prebieha pod tlakom, ktorý sa v prírode vyskytuje len oj&dinele v pripadoch zaplavenia pody vodou. Dalším nedostatkom u tohoto sposobu je, že neumožňuje zistiť priebeh iníiltrácie vody do pody pri různých intenzitách dažďa (umělých zrážok) a ttaktiež neumožňuje zachytit priebeh vsakovacej křivky od začiatku vsaku, ktorý je velmi důležitý pre matematické vyjádřeme infiltračnej křivky půdy.The measurement methods used hitherto to determine the infiltration capacity of a subfloor have drawbacks since the infiltration takes place under a pressure that only naturally occurs in the case of underwater flooding. Another drawback with this method is that it does not detect the course of water infiltration into the pod at various rainfall intensities (artificial rainfall) and also does not allow to capture the course of the infiltration curve from the beginning of the infiltration, which is very important for mathematical expression of soil infiltration curve.
Vyššie uvedené nedostatky sú odstránené sposobom kontinuálneho merania vsakovacej schopnosti půd v podmienkach beztlakovej iníiltrácie pomocou automatickej registrácie vsiaknutého množstva vody podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata je v tom, že na ohraničenej ploché půdy sa vytvoří umelý dážd o zvolenej intenzitě, pričom infiltrované množstvo vody sa automaticky reguluje v súlade s momentálnou vsakova2 cou schopnosťou půdy pri vopred nastavenej tenzometrickej výške půdnej vody v povrchové] vrstvě půdy.The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by the method of continuously measuring the soaking capacity of the soils under the conditions of pressure-less filtration by the automatic registration of the infiltrated amount of water according to the invention, which consists in creating artificial rain of selected intensity on confined flat soil. in accordance with the instantaneous soaking capacity of the soil at a preset tensometric height of soil water in the soil surface layer.
Výhody sposobu pódia vynálezu sú v tom, že možno podlá něho stanovovat vsakovaciu schopnost pod v podmienkach beztlakovej iníiltrácie. Ďale.j je možné nastavit počiatočnú intenzitu dažďa, ktorá sa však v priebehu merania bude postupné znižovať v závislosti od vsakovacej schopnosti půdy. Rozdiel medzi zvolenou intenzitou a skutočným vsakovacím množstvom umožňuje vypočítat’ velkost povrchového odtoku pri zvolenej intenzitě dažďa.Advantages of the method according to the invention are that it is possible to determine the absorbency under this condition under pressure-free infiltration. Furthermore, it is possible to adjust the initial intensity of the rain, but this will gradually decrease over the course of the measurement depending on the absorption capacity of the soil. The difference between the chosen intensity and the actual infiltration rate makes it possible to calculate the size of the surface runoff at the selected intensity of rain.
Kontinuálně meranie vsakovacej schopnosti pody v podmienkach beztlakovej infiltrácie sa robí za pomoci simulátora dažďa, z ktorého voda odkvapkáva zvolenou intenzitou na ohraničenú plochu. V simulátore sa udržuje stály tlak tak, aby v priebehu odkvapkávania vody sa neměnila intenzita umělého dažďa, přitom úbytok vody v simulátore sa neustále doplňuje z rezervných nádržiek, v ktorých sa pokles hladiny zaznamenává na registračnú pásku. V případe ak infiltračná schopnost' půdy poklesne pod hodnotu zvolenej intenzity dažďa a na povrchu půdy dojde k nasýteniu povrchové1] vrstvy na hodnotu zvolenej vodnej kapacity, tenzometrický snímač tla231751Continuously the measurement of the absorption capacity of the substrate in conditions of non-pressure infiltration is made with the aid of a rain simulator, from which water drips with the selected intensity onto a limited area. The simulator maintains a constant pressure so that the intensity of artificial rain does not change during the dripping of water, while the water loss in the simulator is constantly replenished from the reserve reservoirs, where the drop in the level is recorded on the registration tape. In case the infiltration capability of the soil falls below a selected intensity of the rain and the soil surface will saturate the surface 1] to a selected layer of the water capacity, the strain gauge tla231751
231731 ku půdnej vody přeruší pomocou automatiky přítok vody do simulátora dažďa a po znížení obsahu vody v povrchovej vrstvě znovu uvedie do činnosti simulátor. Nastavenie tenzometrického snímača tlaku podnej vody až na pinii vodná kapacitu určuje maximálnu hranicu pre zabezpečenie podmienky beztlakovej infiltrácie vody do pódy.231731 interrupts the inflow of water into the rain simulator by means of automatics and, after decreasing the water content in the surface layer, restarts the simulator. The setting of the strain gauge groundwater pressure sensor down to the pin water capacity determines the maximum limit to ensure a condition of pressureless water infiltration into the soil.
Spůsob merania vsakovacej schopnosti půdy podila vynálezu umožňuje merať infiltračnú křivku v podmienkach beztlakovej ale aj tlakovej infiltrácie kontinuálně s automatickou registráciou infiltrovaného množstva vody do pody od počiatočnej doby simulácie dažďa. Týmto sposobom je možné uskutočniť tiež kontinuálně moranie s prechodom od beztlakovej na tlaková infiltráciu, alebo sa může uskutočniť beztlaková infiltrácia v priebehu celého merania automatickým přerušováním přívodu vody do simulátora dažďa v případe, že infiltračná schopnost půdy je nižšia, ako bola zvolená intenzita dažďa. Registračná křivka výtoku vody z rezervnej nádrže priarno zodpovedá priebehu infiltračnej křivky půdy.The method of measuring the infiltration capacity of the soil according to the invention makes it possible to measure the infiltration curve under both pressureless and pressure infiltration conditions continuously with automatic registration of the infiltrated amount of water into the basin from the initial rain simulation time. In this way it is also possible to carry out continuous pickling with the transition from non-pressurized to pressure infiltration, or pressureless infiltration can be performed throughout the measurement by automatically interrupting the water supply to the rain simulator if the infiltration capacity of the soil is lower than the rain intensity selected. The registration curve of the water outflow from the reserve tank corresponds to the course of the soil infiltration curve.
V příklade vsakovacieho pokusu uskutočneného automatickou meracou aparatárou, pomocou simulátora dažďa sa pokus uskutočnil na hlinitej půdě s porastom ozimnej pšenice. Merania inifiltračnej kapacity sa uskutočnili pri různej počiatočnej vlhkosti půdy, v konkrétnom případe pri sacích tlakoch půdy zodpovedajúcich výške 100, 500 a 10 000 cm v. s. Po cca 500 minátach sa infiltračná schopnost půdy vyrovnala a dosiahla hodnotu 0,01 mm. min-1. Tento výsledok je však možné dosiahnuť po zaznamenaní priebehu infiltrácie za prvých 100 minát na základe výpočtu z rovnice vt = 0,003 + 1,9 t-B ktorá zodpovedá teoretickému rozboru uvedeného Mezencevom, pričom pre skámaná půdu hodnota B = 0,8, a kde vt je rýchlosť inifiltračnej schopnosti půdy a t je čas infiltrácie.In the example of an infiltration experiment carried out by an automatic measuring apparatus using a rain simulator, the experiment was carried out on loamy soil with a winter wheat crop. Measurements of the inifiltration capacity were performed at different initial soil moisture, in particular case at the soil suction pressures corresponding to 100, 500 and 10,000 cm vs. After approx. 500 min, the soil infiltration capacity was equalized and reached 0.01 mm. min -1 . However, this result can be obtained by recording the course of infiltration for the first 100 minutes by calculating from the equation v t = 0,003 + 1,9 t -B, which corresponds to the theoretical analysis given by the Mezenceva, with the value of B = 0,8 for the ground. v t is the rate of soil inifiltration ability and t is the infiltration time.
Na priloženom výkresu sú znázorněné vsakovacie křivky pri různých počiatočných sacích tlakoch půdy. Tieto křivky sá nakreslené v závislosti rýchlosti vsakovacej schopnosti půdy a času a konkrétné počiatočné sacie tlaky bolí 100, 500, 10 000 centimetrov . v . s.The attached drawing shows the infiltration curves at different initial soil suction pressures. These curves are plotted in dependence on soil infiltration rate and time, and the specific initial suction pressures are 100, 500, 10,000 centimeters. in . with.
Pomocou uvedeného spůsotou a zariadenia je teda možné podstatné skrátiť dobu zisíovania ustálenej hodnoty infiltrácie s vyláčením tlakovej zložky, ktorá sa nedala vyláčiť u všetkých predchádzajácich spósobov merania.With the aid of the aforesaid method and apparatus, it is thus possible to substantially shorten the time of obtaining a steady-state infiltration with the elimination of a pressure component which could not be excluded in all previous measurement methods.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS791047A CS231751B1 (en) | 1979-02-16 | 1979-02-16 | Method of continual measuring of soil infiltration ability in conditions of pressureless infiltration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS791047A CS231751B1 (en) | 1979-02-16 | 1979-02-16 | Method of continual measuring of soil infiltration ability in conditions of pressureless infiltration |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS104779A1 CS104779A1 (en) | 1984-05-14 |
| CS231751B1 true CS231751B1 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
Family
ID=5343857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS791047A CS231751B1 (en) | 1979-02-16 | 1979-02-16 | Method of continual measuring of soil infiltration ability in conditions of pressureless infiltration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS231751B1 (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-02-16 CS CS791047A patent/CS231751B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS104779A1 (en) | 1984-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wellings | Recharge of the Upper Chalk aquifer at a site in Hampshire, England: 1. Water balance and unsaturated flow | |
| Nassif et al. | THE INFLUENCE OF SLOPE AND RAIN INTENSITY ON RUNOFF AND INFILTRATION/L'influence de l'inclinaison de terrain et de l'intensité de pluie sur l'écoulement et l'infiltration | |
| Hemond et al. | Surface infiltration in salt marshes: Theory, measurement, and biogeochemical implications | |
| Chong et al. | Simple in situ determination of hydraulic conductivity by power function descriptions of drainage | |
| Chapman | The Ecology of Coom Rigg Moss, Northumberland: III. Some Water Relations of the Bog System | |
| Korkmaz | The estimation of groundwater recharge from spring hydrographs | |
| Beese et al. | Influence of hysteresis on moisture flow in an undisturbed soil monolith | |
| CN102262042A (en) | Continuous measurement device and method for soil infiltration capability of plough layer and plough pan of agricultural land | |
| CN1804580B (en) | A line source inflow measurement device and measurement method for soil infiltration performance | |
| Touma et al. | Determining soil hydrologic properties from rain simulator or double ring infiltrometer experiments: a comparison | |
| Myrabø | Temporal and spatial scale of response area and groundwater variation in till | |
| Bond | Soil Physical Methods for Estimating Recharge-Part 3 | |
| Finkel et al. | Determining infiltration rates in an irrigation border | |
| Feyen et al. | Runoff processes in catchments with a small scale topography | |
| Nwankwor | DELAYED YIELD PROCESSES AND SPECIFIC YIELD IN A SHALLOW SAND AQUIFER. | |
| Van Duin | Tillage in relation to rainfall intensity and infiltration capacity of soils. | |
| Rowse et al. | Simulation of the water distribution in soil: I. Measurement of soil hydraulic properties and the model for an uncropped soil | |
| Wight | Comparison of lysimeter and neutron scatter techniques for measuring evapotranspiration from semiarid rangelands | |
| TAKASE et al. | Comparison of evapotranspiration between a reclaimed upland field and a forest catchment | |
| SU871064A1 (en) | Method of determination of slope soil water resistance in snow melting period | |
| Minasny et al. | The measurement of soil hydraulic properties in the field | |
| Hodnett et al. | Soil physical processes of groundwater recharge through Indian black cotton soils | |
| Carswell | Storage Requirements to Sustain Gross Reservoir Outflow from Small Basins in Kansas | |
| Huixiao et al. | Measurement and simulation of evaporation from a bare soil | |
| Järvinen | Estimating lake evaporation with floating evaporimeters and with water budget |