CS236223B1 - The method of preparing NPK and NP magnesium-containing fertilizers - Google Patents

The method of preparing NPK and NP magnesium-containing fertilizers Download PDF

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CS236223B1
CS236223B1 CS526383A CS526383A CS236223B1 CS 236223 B1 CS236223 B1 CS 236223B1 CS 526383 A CS526383 A CS 526383A CS 526383 A CS526383 A CS 526383A CS 236223 B1 CS236223 B1 CS 236223B1
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magnesium
npk
slurry
water
soluble
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CS526383A
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Slovak (sk)
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Pavol Krajci
Vladimir Bartos
Klara Borzova
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Pavol Krajci
Vladimir Bartos
Klara Borzova
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Abstract

Podstatou vynálezu je, že na kalizovanú nitrofosforečnú brečku, alebo jej vodný roztok sa posobi dusičnanom horečnatým v molárnom pomere vodorozpustného P : Mg 1 : 0,5 až 2,2 v atoniakalnom prostredi, načo sa reakčná zmes samostatné, alebo v zmesi s nitrofosforečnou brečkou dehydratuje. Reakčná zmes sa odfiltruje a filtračný koláč sa samostatné, alebo v zmesi s nitrofosforečnou brečkou dehydratuje. Získaný produkt obsahuje hořčík a dusík citrónovo i vodorozpustnej formě vhodný ako hnojivo s pomaly posobiacim dusíkom. Sposob je možné uplatnil aj na sniženie obsahu P2O5 z odpadných vod výrobní NPK hnojívThe essence of the invention is that magnesium nitrate in a molar ratio of water-soluble P: Mg of 1: 0.5 to 2.2 is added to calcined nitrophosphate slurry or its aqueous solution in an anionic environment, after which the reaction mixture is dehydrated separately or in a mixture with nitrophosphate slurry. The reaction mixture is filtered off and the filter cake is dehydrated separately or in a mixture with nitrophosphorus slurry. The obtained product contains magnesium and nitrogen in a citric and water-soluble form, suitable as a fertilizer with slowly absorbing nitrogen. The method can also be applied to reduce the content of P2O5 from waste water from the production of NPK fertilizers

Description

- 1 - 236 223- 1 - 236 223

Intenzívnou polnohospodárskou produkciou dochádza k poklesu horčíka v póde ako ddležitého biogénneho prvku a to v množstvoo 0,7 až 4,6 t MgO/km podlá druhu plodiny· Tento nedoetatok ea vpraxi nahradzuje aplikáciou dostupných horečnatých zlúčenín, naj-ma dolomítom, magnezitom ako zdrojov s dlhodobým účinkom· V rýchlo-asimilovatelnej formě sa uplatňuje kieserit v podstatě síran horeč-natý, tiež aj dusičňan horečnatý v kombinácii a dusičňanom amonnýma močovinou v roztoku, ako tzv· kvapalné hnojivo· Popři týchto jed-noduchých typoch sú známe kombinovaná NPK hnojivá s obsahom horeč-natej zložky 2 až 4 % hrn· MgO, kde tento je vo formě síranu horeč-natého· Významným predstavitelom horečnatého hnojivá je fosforečfianhorečnato amonný, zlúčenina so zdrojom horčíka, dusíka a fosforupre rastlíny· Jeho uplatnenie ako hnojivá je predmetom viacerých patentov, napr. britského patentu 362 069, US patentu 2 827 368; 3 181 943, NSR patentu 938 069· Nízká rozpustnost fosforečňanu ho-rečnato amonného dovoluje deklarovat ho i ako hnojivo s dlhodoboupdeobnostou, pričom však jeho kumulatívny účinok je efektivnějšínež močovinoformaldehydové póly kondenzáty. Napriek uvedeným výhod-ným účinkom agrochemickým jeho priemyselná výroba je málo rozšířenáz ddvodov vyšších výrobných nákladov, keďže doposial známe postupyvychádzajú z čistého uhličitanu, kysličníka, resp· hydroxidu horeč-natého ako horečnatých surovin a kyseliny trihydrogénfosforečnej·Poatupy pre takýto eposob přípravy sú predmetom franeúzskeho paten-tu 1 429 683, britského patentu 1 130 804, NSR patentu 928 171; 1 260 450; 2 949 514; 647 693, US patentu 3 920 048· Snaha o sníže-nie ceny horečnatej suroviny a využitie kyseliny trihydrogénfosfo-rečnej viedli k spracovaniu chloridu horečnatého podlá NSR patentu968 425, alebo ako kombinácia postupu spojená s úpravou mořskéj vo-dy odstraňováním iontov Mg a Ca podlá US patentu 3 046 606, kyseli-nou trihydrogénfosforečnou a amoniakom, resp· postup podlá US paten·tu 1 913 539 uplatňujúci použitie rozložených fosfátov a chloridu - 2 - 236 223 horečnatého. Postup vychádzajúci z nasýtených roztokov dusičňa-nu horečnatého pfiaobením trinátriumfosfátu a amoniaku je známyz literatúry. Komerčně uplatněný je postup podlá US patentu3 320 048 vychádzajúci z hydroxidu horečnatého ako 46 % hm. vod-né j euspenzie reakciou s trihydrogénfosforečnou kyselinou a amo-niak om priamo v reaktore - granulátore a recykle. Nevýhodou tých-to postupov je, že sú selektivně len pre přípravu fosforečňanuhorečnato amonného, resp. uplatňujú prevažne suroviny, ktoré súeenove nevýhodné ako kysličník horečnatý, hydroxid horečnatý, fos-forečňan sodný. Pri použití chloridu horečnatého vzniká ako ekolo-gický odpad chlorid amonný a pri uplatnění sodných fosforečnýchsolí chlorid sodný.By intensive agricultural production there is a decrease in magnesium in the pole as an important biogenic element in the amount of 0.7 to 4.6 t MgO / km according to the type of crop · This substitute ea is replaced by the application of available magnesium compounds, most notably dolomite, magnesite as sources with a long-term effect · In quick-assimilable form, kieserite is essentially used as magnesium sulphate, as well as magnesium nitrate in combination with ammonium nitrate and urea in solution, such as the liquid fertilizer. a magnesium component containing 2 to 4% by weight of MgO, where it is in the form of magnesium sulfate · An important representative of fever fertilizer is ammonium phosphate, a compound with a source of magnesium, nitrogen and phosphorus for plants · Its application as fertilizer is the subject of several patents, e.g., British Patent 362,069; U.S. Patent 2,827,368; No. 3,181,943, NSR Patent No. 938,069 · The low solubility of magnesium ammonium phosphate allows it to be declared as a long-term fertilizer, but its cumulative effect is more effective than urea-formaldehyde condensates. Despite the aforementioned beneficial effects of agrochemical, its industrial production is scarcely expanded due to higher production costs, since so far known processes are based on pure carbonate, oxide, or magnesium hydroxide as magnesium raw materials and trihydrogenphosphoric acid. No. 1,429,683, British Patent 1,130,804, German Patent 928,171; 1,260,450; 2,949,514; U.S. Patent No. 3,920,048. The attempt to reduce the price of magnesium raw material and the use of trihydrogenphosphoric acid led to the treatment of magnesium chloride according to German Patent No. 968,425, or as a combination of the process associated with the treatment of marine water by removing Mg and Ca ions. U.S. Pat. No. 3,046,606, trihydrogenphosphoric acid and ammonia, or the process of U.S. Pat. No. 1,913,539, which utilizes magnesium decomposed phosphate and chloride. The process starting from saturated solutions of magnesium nitrate by adding trisodium phosphate and ammonia is known in the literature. The process according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,320,048 starting from magnesium hydroxide as 46 wt. aqueous suspension by reaction with phosphoric acid and ammonium in the reactor granulator and recycle. A disadvantage of these processes is that they are selectively only for the preparation of phosphate of ammonium and the like. they use predominantly raw materials which are disadvantageous in the same way as magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium phosphate. When using magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride is produced as an organic waste and sodium chloride is used when sodium phosphate is used.

Ukázalo sa, že v podmlenkach odpadných zdrojov horčíka, naj-ma z výroby magnezitových tehál je možné v kombinácil s rozpúéta-ním týchto odpadov v kyselino dusičnej zabezpečit aelektívnu 1 kom-binovaná výrobu NPK i NP hnojiv a obsahom horčíka s pomaly pdsobla-cou zložkou časti N a P popři výrobě NPK nitrofosforečftanového typuspdsobom podle vynálezu, podstatou ktorého je, že na kalizovanú nl-trofosforečnú brečku, alebo jej vodný roztok sa pdsobí dusičňanomhorečnatým v molárnom pomere vodorozpustného P í Mg 1 : 0,5 až 2,2v amoniakálnom prostředí, načo sa reakčná zmes samostatné, alebo vzmesi s nltrofosforečnou brečkou dehydratuje. Reakčná zmes sa od-filtruje a filtračný koláč sa samostatné, alebo v zmesi s nitrofos-forečnou brečkou dehydratuje. Spdsob podlá vynálezu umožňuje ekono-micky 1 technologicky výhodné použit proces výroby NPK nitrofosfo-rečného typu pre obohatenle produktu horčíkom, připadne produkciufosforečňanu horečnato amonného a to bez vzniku technologických od-padov» V oboch technologických rleéeniach sa produkty vracajú spátdo výrobného procesu NPK. Spdsob umožňuje využit technologické za-riadenie výrobní NPK bez mimoriadnych nárokov na rekonětrukčné prá-ce a dovoluje výhodné spracovat horečnaté odpady. Spdsob nevyžadujezvláštně nároky na suroviny, keďže vychádza z komerčných fosfátovi extrakčnej kyseliny trihydrogénfosforečnej. Uplatnenie kallzova-ných nitrofosforečných brečiek, respektívne roztokov NPK poskytujedobré reakčné prostredie pre tvorbu fosforečňanu horečnato,amonnéhodané prítomnostou chloridu amonného, tvoriaceho sa konverznou reak-ci ou medzi draselnou solou a dusičňanom amonným. V danom prostředíprebieha reakčný chemismus prakticky kvantitativné. 3 236 223It has been shown that in the conditions of the waste magnesium sources, most notably in the production of magnesia bricks, it is possible to combine with the dissolution of these wastes in nitric acid to provide a selective production of NPK and NP fertilizers and magnesium with a slow-moving component the N and P portions of the NPK nitrophosphate phthalate-type process according to the invention are characterized in that nitrous magnesium is applied to the quenched n-trophosphoric slurry or its aqueous solution in a molar ratio of water-soluble P 1 Mg 1: 0.5 to 2.2 in the ammoniacal medium, then the reaction mixture is dehydrated either alone or in an n-tropophosphate slurry. The reaction mixture is filtered off and the filter cake is dehydrated separately or in a mixture with the nitrophosphoric slurry. The process according to the invention makes it economically advantageous to use a process for the production of NPK nitrophosphoric type for the enrichment of the product with magnesium, eventually the production of ammonium magnesium phosphate without the formation of technological waste. In both technological products, the products return to the NPK production process. Spdsob makes it possible to utilize the technological equipment of the NPK without extraordinary demands on the reconstruction work and allows the advantageous processing of the magnesium waste. In particular, it does not require raw materials as it is based on the commercial phosphate extract of trihydrogenphosphoric acid. The application of calcined nitrophosphoric crystals or NPK solutions provides a good reaction environment for the formation of magnesium phosphate, ammonium by the presence of ammonium chloride, forming a conversion reaction between potassium salt and ammonium nitrate. Reaction chemistry is practically quantitative in the given environment. 3,236,223

Spdaob umožňuje obohacovanie NPK hnojív želatelným obsahomMg, bez negativného dopadu na jeho kvalitu vzhfadom na dobré fy-zikálně chemické vlastnosti fosforečňanu horečnato amonného· Spó-sob podl’a vynálezu je možné uplatnit aj pre znlženie obsahu vodo-rozpustného P v odpadných vodách z výrobní NPK· Příklad prevedenia 1 Do 481,4 g horečnatého koncentrátu získaného rozkladom mag-nesitu kyselinou dusičnou s obsahom 10,12 % hm· MgO, 1,13 % hm·Spdaob allows the enrichment of NPK fertilizers with a tolerable Mg content, without adversely affecting its quality due to the good physical-chemical properties of ammonium magnesium phosphate. The inventive method can also be used to reduce the water-soluble P content of wastewater from the NPK. Example 1 To 481.4 g of magnesium concentrate obtained by decomposition of magnesite with nitric acid containing 10.12% w / w MgO, 1.13% w / w

CaO, 7,64 % hm· N, pH 3,6 ohriateho na 60°C sa za miešania přidá-valo 362 g NPK brečky 120°G s obsahom 10,8 % hm· N, 17,4 % hm.P20^«citrorozpustné, 10,6 % ?2θ5 - vodorozpustné, 18 % hm0 K^O a25 % hm· amoniakálně voda do slaboalkalickej reakcie· Získaná zmessa shomogenizovala s 1000 g NPK s obsahom 11,01 % hm· N, 19,37 %hm· ?2®5 ~citrorozpustné, 11,76 % hm. - vodorozpustné, 17,1 % hm.CaO, 7.64 wt% N, pH 3.6, heated to 60 ° C, was added with stirring to 362 g NPK slurry 120 ° G containing 10.8 wt% N, 17.4 wt% P 2 O 3. "Water-soluble, 10.6%? 2θ5-water-soluble, 18% wt-K" O and 25% -molmonia water to weakly alkaline reaction · The obtained mixture homogenized with 1000 g NPK containing 11.01 wt% N, 19.37 wt% ®2®5 ~ citrosoluble, 11.76% wt. - water-soluble, 17.1 wt.

KgO, na δ o sa zmes dehydratovala sušením pri 120°C - 130°C· Získal sa produkt s obsahom 12,8 % hm· N, z toho 0,8 % hm· N -citrorozpust-né, 16,6 % hm· PgO^ -citrorozpustné, 7,5 % hm· ^2θ5 ~ vodorozpust-né, 17,1 % hm· KgO, 3,1 % hm· MgO, z toho 1,4 % hm. v citrorozpust-nej formě a 1,7 % hm· vo vodorozpustnej formě. 2 Do 362 g brečky NPK a teplotou 120°C a zložením ako v příklade 1sa dávkuje za přemiešavania 215,3 g horečnatého koncentrátu so slo-žením podlá příkladu 1 s teplotou 60°C a 25 % hm. čpavková voda až do slaboamoniakálnej reakcie zmesi· Získaná zmes sa dehydratovalapri 120°C - 130°Co Získal sa produkt obsahujúci 11,5 % hm· N, 14,1 %hm· P205 - citrorozpustné, 14,5 % hm· K^O a 3,9 % hm. MgO· Z celko-vého N je 2,9 % hm. - citrorozpustné· 3 Do 215,3 g horečnatého koncentrátu s teplotou 60°C so zloženímako v příklade 1 sa za miešania přidávala brečka NPK so zložením pod-lá příkladu 1 v množstvo 362 g e teplotou 120°C a 63 g 25 % hm· čpav-kové j vody do slaboalkalickej reakcie· Beakčná zmes sa odfiltrovala.Filtračný koláč po dehydratácii pri 120°C obsahoval 4,5 % hm· N - - citrorozpustné, 36,2 % hm. PgO^ - citrorozpustné, 12,5 % hm· MgOa 9,3 % hm. CaO v citrorozpustnéj formě· 4 Do 106,9 g horečnatého koncentrátu s teplotou 60°C so zloženímako v příklade 1 sa za miešania přidávala brečka NPK so zložením pod-lá příkladu 1 v množstva 362 g s teplotou 120°C a 32 g 25 % hm· čpav-kové j vody do slaboalkalickej reakcie· Beakčná zmes sa zhomogenizo-vala s 500 g NPK so zložením ako v příklade 1 a dehydratovala pri - 4 - 120°C. Získal sa produkt s obsahom 13,9 % haN v citroroxpustnej foras, 16,4 % ha. Pg°5 "ha. >2°5 * vodoroxpustné, 16,9 % ha. Kg0· 2»(rozpustné. 238 223 N, a toho 1,0 % ha.citroroxpustné, 5 %i % ha. MgO - citro-KgO, on δ o, the mixture was dehydrated by drying at 120 ° C - 130 ° C · A product with a content of 12.8% N, of which 0.8% N-soluble, 16.6% wt. · PgO ^ -citrate soluble, 7.5% w / w 2θ5 ~ water-soluble, 17.1% w / w KgO, 3.1% w / w MgO, of which 1.4% w / w. in a cosolvent and 1.7% in water-soluble form. To 362 g of NPK slurry with a temperature of 120 ° C and composition as in Example 1, 215.3 g of the magnesium concentrate of Example 1 with a temperature of 60 ° C and 25% wt. ammonia water until a weak ammonia reaction of the mixture · The mixture obtained is dehydrated at 120 ° C - 130 ° C. A product containing 11.5% by weight of N, 14.1% by weight of P 2 O 5 - cosoluble, 14.5% by weight of K 2 O 3 is obtained. and 3.9% wt. MgO · Z of total N is 2.9% wt. Into the 215.3 g of a 60 ° C magnesium concentrate as in Example 1, the NPK slurry having the composition of Example 1 in an amount of 362 g was added with stirring at a temperature of 120 ° C and 63 g of 25% w / w ammonia. The reaction mixture was filtered off. The filter cake after dehydration at 120 ° C contained 4.5% by weight of N - citrate, 36.2% by weight. PgO ^ - Citrosoluble, 12.5% MgO and 9.3% wt. Into 106.9 g of a 60 ° C magnesium concentrate as described in Example 1, the slurry NPK with the composition of Example 1 was added with stirring at 362 g with a temperature of 120 ° C and 32 g of 25% wt. The reaction mixture was homogenized with 500 g of NPK with the composition as in Example 1 and dehydrated at -4 - 120 ° C. A product was obtained with a content of 13.9% haN in citroroxide foras, 16.4% ha. Pg ° 5 "ha.> 2 ° 5 * water-soluble, 16.9% ha. Kg0 · 2» (soluble 238 223 N, namely 1.0% ha.citroroxid, 5% i% ha. MgO - citro

Claims (2)

Ρ Η E D Μ B T V Y N £ L B Z ϋ 23e 223 1 SpQsob přípravy NPK a HP hnojív a obsahoa horčíka vyznačenýtým, že na kalizovanú nitrofosforečnú brečku, alebo jej vod-ný roztok ea pQeobí dueičfianoa horečnatý· v aolárnoa poaerevodorOzpuetnáho P : Mg 1 : 0,5 až 2,2 v aaoniakálnoa prostředí, načo ea reakčná zmee eaaoeta^ne, alebo v zaeei a nitro-*fosforečnou brečkou dehydratuje»223 Η ED Μ BTVYN £ LBZ ϋ 23e 223 1 SPK method of preparation of NPK and HP fertilizers and magnesium content, characterized in that the calibrated nitrophosphoric slurry, or its aqueous solution, is due to the magnesium and in the aroma and the odorous P: Mg 1: 0.5 up to 2.2 in an aaoniacal environment, and then the reaction change and dehydrate or dehydrate in the zaeei and nitro-phosphoric crystals. 2 Spdeob přípravy podlá bodu 1 vyznačený týa, že reakčná zaeeea odfiltruje a filtračný koláč ea eaaoetatne, alebo v zaeeie nitrofoeforečnou brečkou dehydratuje.2. Preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction mixture is filtered off and the filter cake and the ore, or in the form of a nitrophosphoric slurry, are dehydrated.
CS526383A 1983-07-11 1983-07-11 The method of preparing NPK and NP magnesium-containing fertilizers CS236223B1 (en)

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