CS236370B1 - Suspension nitrogen-phosphate-sulphide fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a suspension of nitrogen-phosphorus-sulfur fertilizer, containing ammonium monophosphates, condensed ammonium phosphates, ammonium sulfate, bentonite. Soane, j, as well, and optionally urea and derivatives of lignosuff ^/ nnve j.Jcksseiny · S

Ensuring ever higher yields on crops, in addition to the supply of essential plant nutrients, also requires the supply of other biogenic elements, including a significant sulfur site.

It has long been known that sulfur is one of the important plant nutrients, but reports of deficiencies are more common in recent years.

In the minnlootibola, sulfur, together with calcium and magnesium, was classified as secondary growth nutrients, but nowadays it is increasingly referred to as sulfur as a quadruple elementary plant biogenic element (HIRSER, B.-Siplphur-The Fourth MSor Solutions, Nov.-Dec.1979). The following facts are usually mentioned in the plants:

- steadily increasing crop yields requiring higher crop nutrients,

- an increasing proportion of sulfur-free, highly concentrated industrial fertilizers,

- a decrease in the use of fuels containing higher sulfur content and the constantly stricter regulations on air purity and life pmstredis, δ · has the effect of reducing stocks by rsstinnymi similovelných sulfur compounds in the soil,

reducing the use of phytosanitary and sulfur - containing insecticides; and

- a general decline in the level of organic fraction in some soil (MORTVTVR, J.T.- "Identifying and correcting sulphur deficiencies in crop planta", Cmps and Soils kaasine, June-July, pp. 11-14 (1981)). Foreign sgrochemists argue that visceral crops need an equal amount of sulfur in their phosphorus for their healthy development, while in some agriculturally important cultures

238,370 the demand for sulfur consumption is even higher / (BEATON, J.D .: Tracking Down Sulfur Deficiencies - A Business T-Shirts, Nov./Dec.1980).

The importance of sulfur fertilization has been confirmed in our conditions in the past period. For example, VŠP employees in Nitra found in field conditions (VIII. Slovak Seminar on Rational Use of Industrial Fertilizers - Proceedings of Papers, Míchalovce 27.-29.1 * 1982, p. 146-155) that especially new varieties of winter wheat are more difficult to feed on sulfur than phosphorus. They also found that spring barley was sensitive to sulfur rot, more sensitive than potassium fertilization. American authors say that with the widespread use of combined fertilizers, sulfur fertilization will become very necessary and up to date. Leguminoses (pulses, legumes), oilseeds, bulbous plants and also some root crops have very high demands on sulfur.

For example, it is reported in the literature that an increase in crop yield of 500 to 1000 has been achieved in sulfur-fertilized lanterns, with an increase in crop yields of 50 to 500% in sulfur fertilization being relatively common. Corn, wheat, sorghum, oats, rice, soya, peanuts, sunflower, rape, cotton, tobacco, grass, cabbage, potatoes, onion and garlic are also remarkably sensitive to sulfur fertilization. Sulfur in industrial fertilizers significantly deepens the usefulness of basic plant nutrients by plants. Based on extensive and long-term agrochemical studies, for example, the literature suggests that, in order to achieve maximum efficacy of the phosphorus applied, it is appropriate to maintain a weight ratio between P2O5 and S close to 3: 1. Again, the highest efficiency of the applied nitrogen can be expected while maintaining a weight ratio of N / S (5 (BEAUON, J.D.: Sulfur-One Key to High Yields in Smal and Coars Grains. Solution, Nov, / Dec.1980).

Despite the fact that sulfur also plays an irreplaceable role in the production of plant proteins, it is very often not paid as much attention to ensuring its supplementation in raspberry nutrition.

- 3,236,370 the question deserved the right (MENGEL, K.-KIRKBI, E.A., Principles of Plant Nutrition, Ed. International Potash, Institution, Worblaufen-Bern, Switzerland 1978).

The industrial production and use of liquid industrial fertilizers is based on the production of so-called liquid fertilizers. basic non-pressurized nitrogen and phosphorus-phosphorus fertilizers that do not contain significant amounts of sulfur.

It has now been found that the problems discussed in dealing with the assimilation of sulfur-assimilable plants in modal high-concentration nitrogen-phosphorus suspension fertilizers, the so-called " of the basic type can be very efficiently solved by the use of high-concentration, stable nitrogen-phosphorus-sulfur suspension fertilizers according to the invention.

Suspension fertilizers of this type are characterized in that they contain:

36.0 to 65.5% by weight of a melt of condensed ammonium phosphates, composed of 15.0 to 85.0% wt / NH? / H _ffl - ^ _ ^ P0 _m and 15.0 to 85.0 wt '/ NH ₄ ( _m H _{/ n + 2) > n} 0 _{3n + 1;}

2.0 to 40.5% by weight of ammonium sulfate,

20.0 to 60.0% by weight of ammonia water and, optionally, also natrified b-ntonite, impurities introduced into the suspension fertilizer by the treated feedstocks, and optionally also lignosulfonic acid derivatives or other additives introduced into the product by the used bentonite.

For the acidity of the undiluted suspension fertilizer at 20 ° C, its pH = 7.5 and its specific gravity at 20 ° C is equal to 1250 kg ^/ kg.

Suspension, sodium bentonite-stabilized, nitrogen-phosphorus-sulfur fertilizers within the meaning of the invention can be advantageously prepared by the process of stage PV # 5615-83 by continuously dissolving and dispersing a hot reaction mixture prepared by simultaneous high-temperature neutralization of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid. in the presence of sulfur oxides,

- 4 23 · 370 resp. in the presence of the products of their polymerization and hydration reactions.

The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail.

Example 1.

In a glass beaker with a volume of 600 cm 3 aa, with stirring and well saturated with ammonia gas, 133.0 g of distilled water dissolved 150.0 g of crushed condensate ammonium phosphate (KFA) melted and 58.1 g of crystalline ammonium sulfate p.a. The KFA melt used was prepared by batch high-temperature neutralization of thermal H3PO4 with ammonia gas in an all-glass quarter-operation apparatus and was characterized as follows:

- Ammonia content: 13.66% N

- total phosphorus content: 66,01% P2Q5

- phosphorus bound in the form of monophosphates: 20,87% P2O5

degree of conversion of monophosphates to condensed ammonium phosphates: 68,4%.

During the dissolution of the KFA melt and the crystalline (NH 4 SO 4), the acidity of the reaction mixture was blunted continuously by the addition of ammonia gas, and its pH was finally adjusted to 6.5, and the system weight was then adjusted to a total weight of 351.8 g by distilled water. prepared opalescent colloidal solution - stable suspension contained: 11.53% by weight of ammoniacal nitrogen

28.10 wt. % of total P2O5

4.0 wt. % of total sulfur.

The degree of conversion of monophosphates to condensed phosphates (o () in suspension was equal to 67.1% ·

-г 5 Example δ. Second

236 370

In an analogous manner to Example no. 1, a stable NPS suspension was prepared using substances of the same kind and quality using:

127.0 g of distilled water

150.0 g of KFA melt (= 68.4%)

40.7 g of crystalline (NH 4 SO 4) p.a.

After adjusting the pH of the suspension with ammonia gas. its weight was adjusted to 328.4 g by adding distilled water.

Thus, a very fine-grained stable NPS suspension comprising:

12.20 wt. % ammonia nitrogen

30.15 wt. % of total P205

3.1 wt. % of total sulfur.

The degree of conversion of monophosphates to condensed phosphates in the product was 66.7%. The acidity of the undiluted suspension was equal to pH 6.6.

at this temperature contained 629.5 kg of plant nutrients (N + P 2 O 5 + S) in 1 m 3.

Example δ. Third

A continuous NPS suspension according to the invention was prepared as part of a continuous four-run experiment, of the type:

13,5 - 32 - O - 3W.

It was based on the extractive H3PO4 black type (i, containing

53.62% of total. P2O5; technical H2SO4 containing 96.58% HM-H2SO4; ammonia gas and an aqueous solution of about 15% bentonite in the medium form, prepared according to the method of U.S. Pat. 218 641. The reaction melt, prepared by high-temperature neutralization of a mixture of acids (H3PO4 + H2SO4) with charged ammonia in a packed neutralization-dehydration reactor with upstream downstream reactants, was continuously dissolved in the vapor-cooled water vapor while cooling and stirring. phase of the reaction mixture as well as in aqueous suapension of the natri- fied bentonite.

- 6 The average ^{dose per} minute was delivered to the system: ^{л / и}

862.8 g black H3PO4 extraction (53.62% total P2O5)

137.2 g of technical contact H2SO4 (96,58% MH-H2SO4)

240.2 g of ammonia gas

205.0 g of a 15% suspension of natrified bentonite.

Under the above conditions, 1,445.2 g of NPS-fertilizer were obtained per minute and contained 1412.9 kg.m ^) at 20 ° C in 1 cubic meter:

193.6 kg of nitrogen

452.1 kg of total phosphorus

42.4 kg of assimilable sulfur, with the result that the suspension fertilizer according to the invention contain 688.1 kg of plant nutrients in 1 m 3 · The liquid fertilizer is characterized by a very good storage property of a manipulation-a relatively low viscosity (dynamic viscosity U2Q ^ C ⁼ Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q.

Even after a month of storage in the freezer at -14 ° C, the prepared fertilizer sample did not solidify, loose and showed virtually no changes in the stability of the dispersed solid phase. Even under these conditions, the fertilizer storage room leaked to the bottom after the container was tipped over.

Example # 4th

In order to assess the miscibility of the candidate nitrogen-phosphorphosphorus-fertilizer type 13-32-O-3S according to the invention and the nitrogen solution received on the basis of NH4NO4 and COCNH4), type 30-0-0 (+ 0.1% P2O5 as a corrosion inhibitor) were mixed

37.2 to 88.9 wt. % of liquid NPS fertilizer and 11.1 to 62.8% by weight of commercially produced nitrogen solution DAM-390 prepared samples of mixed liquid fertilizers.

When using a sample of NAP fertilizer characterized by the composition:

- total nitrogen content 11.89% N

236 370

- total phosphorus content: 31,26% P2O5

- phosphorus bound in the form of monophosphates: 17,42% P2O5

- total sulfur content (bound in sulphate form): 3,66% S

degree of conversion of monophosphates to condensed phosphates: 44.3% of mixed liquid fertilizer samples were prepared for which the N / P2O5 weight ratio was continuously measured (in increments of 0.1) from 0.5 to 2.0. The content of pure plant nutrients (mass *. N * P2O5 + S) in the prepared mixtures varied from 13.9 - 27.8 - 0 - 3.25 S to

23.3 - 11.6 - 0 - 1.36 S.

The mixing of the two liquid fertilizers was tested over the entire range of masses, N / P2O5 ratios by first adding a nitrogen solution feed to the present NPS slurry feed, the preparation of the second series of samples was reversed. the NAM liquid fertilizer was always poured into the DAM bait. During the preparation of the mixed liquid fertilizer samples, there were no difficulties and the prepared samples were easy to handle and showed high stability even after 48 hours storage at room temperature.

Based on the experimental results thus obtained, it can be concluded that within the verified range of N / P2O5 weight ratios, the suspension is suspended. The NPS fertilizer according to the invention can be mixed without limitation with nitrogenous liquid fertilizers of the DAM type.

Claims (2)

Suspension nitrogen-phosphorus-sulfur fertilizer, containing monophosphates, condensed ammonium phosphates, ammonium sulphate and optionally also bentonite, urea or lignosulphonic acid derivatives, characterized in that it contains 38.0 to 65.5% by weight of a melt of condensed ammonium phosphates, composed of 15.0 to 85.0% wt / ΝΗ ^ / ^ ^ Η ^^ ΡΟ ^{8 2} 15.0 to 85.0 wt% 2.0 to 40.5% by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 20.0 to 60.0% by weight of ammonia water, and optionally also bentonite, impurities introduced into the slurry fertilizer * by the treated raw materials, and optionally also lignosulfonic acid derivatives or other additives introduced. to the product used by the natri- fied bentonite, whereby for the acidity of the undiluted suspension fertilizer at 20 ° C, 5 pH 7.5 and its specific gravity at 20 ° C is equal to 1 250 = 1 ^ qOq 1 490 kg.m -1 .