CS238410B1

CS238410B1 - Two-stage water turbine

Info

Publication number: CS238410B1
Application number: CS827848A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Zoltan Hosszurety
Original assignee: Zoltan Hosszurety
Priority date: 1982-11-04
Filing date: 1982-11-04
Publication date: 1985-11-13
Also published as: CS784882A1

Abstract

Dvojstupňová vodná turbína, v ktorej na jednom obežnom kole sú vytvořené dva stupně tak, že voda prechádza najprv prvým přetlakovým stupňom a potom cez druhý rovnotlakový stupeň. Po výstupe z druhého’ stupňa voda je mimo oběžného kola. Volbou stupňa přetlaku v prvom stupni tvarom a dížkou kanálu sú určené hydraulické vlastnosti tohoto typu. Tento typ vodnej turbíny može technicky a ekonomicky výhodné nahradit Peltonovu turbínuA two-stage water turbine, in which two stages are formed on one impeller so that the water passes first through the first overpressure stage and then through the second equal-pressure stage. After exiting the second stage, the water is outside the impeller. The choice of the overpressure stage in the first stage, the shape and length of the channel determine the hydraulic properties of this type. This type of water turbine can technically and economically replace the Pelton turbine

Description

Vynález sa týká dvojstupňové] vodnej turbíny.The invention relates to a two-stage water turbine.

Je známe riešenie rovnotlakej vodnej turbíny podía ČSAO č. 198 349. Rovnotlaká vodná turbína sa vyznačuje tým, že jej prietočný kanál je vytvořený dvoma tlačnými lopatkami a vodiacimi stěnami umiestnenými na nosnom kotúči, pričom vstupná hrana prvej lopatky a výstupná hrana druhej lopatky sú tangenciálně k směru otáčania. V privádzači sa celá tlaková energia premení na kinetickú a v obežnom kole voda prúdi pri atmosferickom tlaku. Vhodnou volbou prierezov je možná kombinácia pretlakovej časti různé avšak tak, že turbína zachová prevažne rovnotlaký charakter.The solution of the equilibrium water turbine according to CSA no. 198 349. An equilibrium water turbine is characterized in that its flow passage is formed by two pressure vanes and guide walls disposed on a support disk, the inlet edge of the first vane and the outlet edge of the second vane being tangential to the direction of rotation. In the feeder, the entire pressure energy is converted into kinetic and in the impeller water flows at atmospheric pressure. By a suitable choice of cross-sections the possible combination of the pressurized part is different, however, so that the turbine maintains a predominantly uniform character.

Túto nevýhodu odstraňuje dvojstupňová vodná turbína podía vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že prvý stupeň tvoří prvá tlačná lopatka a vodiaca stená, ktorá je vonkajšou stranou prvej tlačnej lopatky susedného kanálu, pričom vstupný prierez sa zužuje na výstupný prierez a druhý stupeň tvoří polkruhová lopatka, ktorá navazuje na vodiacu stenu prvého stupňa, pričom prvý stupeň aj druhý stupeň majú spoločné veko a spoločné dno přehnuté tak, že polkruhová lopatka je usporiadaná na veku susedného kanála. Priestor prvej tlačnej lopatky prietočného kanálu oběžného kola je vždy přetlakový a priestor druhej lopatky rovnotlaký. Takto sa umožňuje na jednom obežnom kole vhodné voleným pretlakom v prvej časti kombinovat výhodné vlastnosti přetlakového a rovnotlakého oběžného kola prejavujúce sa mimo iné aj tým, že účinnost sa mění nepatrné v závislosti na prietoku vody. Vstup a výstup nie je úplné tangenciálny, priaznivé účinnosti je možné dosiahnúť aj pri vačších hodnotách vstupného uhla βι a výstupného uhla βζ. Oběžné kolo může mať váčší počet lopatiek, přívod vodyThis disadvantage is overcome by the two-stage water turbine according to the invention, characterized in that the first stage comprises a first thrust blade and a guide wall which is the outside of the first thrust blade of an adjacent channel, the inlet cross section narrowing to the outlet which adjoins the guide wall of the first stage, the first stage and the second stage having a common lid and a common bottom folded such that the semicircular blade is arranged on the lid of an adjacent channel. The space of the first impeller vane is always pressurized and the space of the second vane is uniform. In this way, it is possible to combine the advantageous properties of the pressurized and equal-pressure impellers on one impeller with a suitable overpressure in the first part, which is manifested, inter alia, in that the efficiency varies slightly depending on the water flow. Input and output are not completely tangential, favorable efficiency can be achieved even at larger values of input angle βι and output angle βζ. The impeller may have a larger number of blades, a water supply

Claims

SUBJECT

A two-stage water turbine, characterized in that the first stage (7) comprises a first thrust blade (1) and a guide wall (2J) which is the outside of the first thrust blade (1) of the adjacent channel (6J). the output cross-section (S2) and the second stage (8) form a semicircular to the impeller by means of a spiral with or without a spur gear, and a simple Reifenstein flow control at the spiral inlet is sufficient for smaller outputs.

In particular, the advantages of a two-stage water turbine over an equal-pressure water turbine are in the wider possibilities in selecting an optimum hydraulic solution under conditions given by flow, gradient and speed. It exhibits all the advantageous properties of an even-pressure water turbine. When compared to a Pellton turbine, they are preferable to. simplicity of construction, lower production cost and higher operating speed.

The attached drawings show the principle of the turbine, the shape and location of the impeller channels of the two-stage water turbine. In FIG. 1 is a top view. In this figure, the characteristics of the impeller, the input angle βι, the output angle β3 with the respective radii Ri, R vyznač are shown. Also a velocity triangle at the inlet and outlet at the waterless inlet of the impeller. In FIG. 2 is a side view of the impeller. The relative position of the two adjacent channels, the overlap of these, the shape of the inlet and outlet openings can be seen.

The first stage consists of a first push blade 1 and a guide wall 2, which is the outside of the first push blade of the adjacent channel. The inlet cross section S1 tapers in the first positive section to S2. The degree of constriction regulates the degree of overpressure of the first stage. The pressure blade of the second stage 3 is a continuation of the guide wall of the first stage, but can also be designed separately. The first and second stages have a common rising base 4, both stages being covered by a lid 5. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the two adjacent channels partially overlap.

The paddle (3), which is guided to the guide wall (2) of the first stage (7), wherein the first stage (7) and the second stage (8) have a common lid (5) and a common bottom (4) folded so that a semicircular the vane (3) is arranged on the lid (5) of the adjacent channel (6).

1 sheet of drawings