CS238568B1 - The method of harvesting grains, especially cereals - Google Patents

Abstract

The method is intended for performing a fast and economically advantageous harvest of grains, especially cereals. The crop is mowed in the field and immediately cut, whereby the grain is partially separated. The cut material is transported to an intermediate storage and from there it is continuously removed for subsequent separation of the grain from the straw.

Description

The invention relates to a method for harvesting cereals, in particular cereals.

The existing grain harvesting methods used are mostly based on direct harvesting with a threshing machine, possibly in some cases on a multiphase harvest with cutting the plants in the first stage and further processing them in the subsequent stage. Most direct single-phase harvesting is dependent on climatic conditions. In bad weather, its course is considerably prolonged and harvest losses and costs increase. These factors negatively affect the overall harvest economy and, of course, the ultimate yields, but often the grain has to be artificially dried, which further increases operating costs. The multiphase harvest is in itself quite uneconomical and is used only in certain necessary cases and in some crops.

The method of harvesting grains, especially cereals, according to the invention removes these disadvantages and drawbacks. It is based on the fact that the crop is cut in the field and cut immediately, whereby the grain is partially separated, the cut material with partially separated grain is transported to the intermediate storage and from there continuously removed for subsequent separation of grain from straw.

The method of harvesting grains, especially cereals, according to the invention greatly speeds up the harvesting process and reduces its costs. It enables very fast collection of material under the roof and other processes, especially separation of grain from straw and its eventual drying, regardless of weather.

According to the invention, the harvesting of the grains is carried out in such a way that, in the first stage, the crop, e.g. grain, is mowed with a forage harvester while cutting the straw. The cut material is conveyed, preferably by air transport, to a wagon sealed against grain loss. Cars with cut material, which already contains Partially

- 2-238 568 the separated grain, which occurred in the cutting process, is then either collected at the edge of the land or at the site and then transported in large quantities to an intermediate storage area of the harvesting material, emptied and returned to the site, or from the forage harvester to the intermediate storage directly, but this is less advantageous · From the intermediate storage the grains are separated off and / or threshed, ie to be separated from the straw · Advantageously, it can be carried out with sufficient stocking of the cut material Continuous separation, which greatly improves performance and quality of work. At the same time, the great separation process can advantageously be largely automated, since it is precisely through the collection of material stock and continuous separation or threshing that the automation of this work process is minimal. , limited practices This means that a single separation station with intermediate storage may be sufficient for a very large harvesting area, all the more so that separaoi can be stretched in time without risk of loss due to the storage of the cut material under the roof. the grains can be stored in a relatively small space very advantageously in terms of volume. After separation, it is of course possible to carry out the grain drying as usual, and advantageously it is possible to store and utilize the cut straw, which eliminates the extra transport from the field and reduces the associated costs.

An advantage is also the fact that when transporting the cut material, weeds and weeds are removed from the field, which can be used for feeding purposes. At the same time, weeds and land consumption will be reduced, thus contributing to environmental protection. Overall, the levers achieve significant energy savings, especially on liquid fuels.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 238 568 1 »Method of harvesting grains, especially cereals, characterized in that the crop is cut in the field and cut immediately, whereby partial grain separation occurs, the cut material with partially separated grain is transported to an intermediate storage and from there continuously removed for subsequent separation of grain from straw · Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crop is harvested by a forage harvester and cut with partially separated grain is transported to wagons which are transported to the intermediate storage and emptied there, wherein the cut material is then removed from the intermediate storage for stationary grain separation from the cut of straw.