CS238916B1 - A method of refining cellulosic fiber-containing textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The treatment of textile materials containing cellulose fibers before dyeing, simultaneously with dyeing or after dyeing with anionic dyes in an aqueous bath with a pH value of 11 to 14, containing 1 to 200 g.l of a compound of the general formula where Y is a group CH- - CH - CH- "V or CH~ - CH - CH- - | 2 I 2 n is an integer 1, 2 or 3 X is an anionic residue of an inorganic or organic acid, improves the dyeability of cellulose fibers and at the same time crosslinks cellulose to improve the utility properties of cellulose textiles.

Description

The invention relates to a method of refining textile materials containing cellulose fibers, which is carried out before dyeing, simultaneously with dyeing or after dyeing with anionic dyes, preferably substantive or reactive dyes.

Dyeing of cellulose textile materials with anionic dyes, mediated by compounds that have at least one group capable of reacting with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose and a quaternary ammonium group capable of binding ionically organic dyes, has been known for many years and has recently experienced significant expansion thanks to the development of new compounds with two reactive and two quaternary ammonium groups.

All of these compounds covalently bind to cellulose in an alkaline environment and, through the quaternary ammonium group, improve the dyeability of cellulose materials with anionic dyes, which is manifested by increased uptake of these dyes and improved resistance of such dyeing, i.e. increased fastness.

In general, reactive quaternary ammonium compounds can be used before dyeing itself, simultaneously with the dye, but also to increase the fastness after dyeing.

A number of such compounds have already been described in the literature and patent documents. So far, the most published are two compounds, namely N,N,N-trimethyl-N-glycidyl ammonium chloride and N,N,N-trimethyl-N-propylene chlorohydrin ammonium chloride.

However, these substances have not found wider application due to some negative properties. Of greater importance are compounds that have two glycidyl or propylene chlorohydrin groups in the molecule, which are capable of not only binding to cellulose, but even causing its crosslinking.

The above-mentioned problems are solved by a method of refining textile materials containing cellulose fibers, which is carried out before dyeing, simultaneously with dyeing or after dyeing with anionic dyes, preferably with substantive or reactive dyes.

The method is characterized in that the textile material is treated with a water bath, in an alkaline environment at pH - 11 to 14, containing 1 - 200 gl ^-1 of a compound of the general formula 1 ^:H 2 - ^C íh © , „

Y - Ν'- CH- - CH-J>N - Y = X \ ^{2 n} CH - CH ₂ where Y is the group CH ₂ -<

CH - CH.

or

CH ₂ - CH - CH ₂ Cl OH n is an integer 1, 2 or 3

X is an anionic residue of an inorganic or organic acid.

The optimal effect of the method according to the invention is achieved if the textile material is treated in an alkaline environment with sodium hydroxide.

The compounds of general formula 1 can be applied to cellulose fibers before dyeing, simultaneously with the dyeing or after dyeing. The ability of cellulose to accept anionic dyes is increased by the influence of these substances if the cellulose fibers are exposed to the compounds of general formula 1 before dyeing.

For example, the use of reactive dyes is increased by an average of 30 to 50%, and in addition, cellulose fibers modified in this way can be dyed with reactive dyes without the usual salt and alkali additives.

The use of compounds of general formula 1 together with anionic dyes also increases their utilization, shortens the fixation time and increases the color fastness. The use of these substances after dyeing increases the color fastness, which is most noticeable in dyeing with substantial dyes.

In all the above cases, however, the reaction of the compounds of general formula 1 simultaneously results in crosslinking of cellulose fibers, and thus in improved non-iron properties and dimensional stabilization of textiles.

Thus, an effect comparable to the effect of crosslinking with resin treatments is achieved. However, an advantage of the process according to the invention is that the loss of strength is negligible, in contrast to resin treatments.

The possibility of achieving final treatment in one bath simultaneously with dyeing is also of great importance, which brings time and energy savings and at the same time achieves high dye utilization.

The advantages of the process according to the invention are described in the following examples.

Example

Cotton yarn wound on bobbins is processed in a circulating bath dyeing apparatus after the usual boiling and bleaching:

compound no. 1 from table 1 20 gl sodium hydroxide 8 gl ¹

Bath ratio 1:6, temperature 55 °C, time 50 minutes.

This is followed by washing with water at 40 °C to pH 7 and dyeing in a bath containing

Reactive Blue No. C.I.5 2%

The bath ratio is 1 : 6, the initial temperature is 30 °C. Within 40 minutes the temperature is increased to boiling, the boiling is dyed for 15 minutes. At the end of the dyeing the dye bath is completely clear. The dye completely stretched onto the cellulose fibers without salt dosing and was foxed without alkali.

Further conventional soaping treatment is not necessary. The material is simply washed with water while cooling. The resulting dyeing has twice the saturation compared to the saturation achieved on the same material by conventional dyeing technology with the same amount of the same dye.

Example 2

Pre-treated mercerized cotton shirting is soaked in a bath on a scarf:

compound no. 2 from table 1 direct orange no. C.I. 26 urea sodium hydroxide

50 g.i' ¹ 15 gi ¹ -1 50 g-i -1 20 g.i

The bath temperature will remain constant on the fabric.

°C, wring out 70%. After passing through the foulard, the fabric is rolled up and left to rest in the package for 12 hours. This is followed by washing to a neutral reaction.

The rich orange colour has fastness properties comparable to reactive dyes. The fabric also exhibits very good iron resistance, characterised by the wet recovery angle.

Example 3 (knitted fabric pretreated and dyed using conventional technology on a rope hydrodynamic dyeing machine)

Direct blue 8. CX 106 2% is processed in the same equipment at a bath ratio of 1:10 for 15 minutes in a bath containing compound no. 3 from table 1 5 gl ¹

The temperature of the bath increases during this time from an initial 30 °C to 50 °C. The following is added to the bath:

sodium hydroxide 2 gl ^{3 4} ' .

and the knitwear is processed at a temperature of 50 - 60 °C for another 30 minutes. This is followed by washing until the dyed material has a neutral reaction. The dyeing shows fastness in water 4-5/4-5/4-5 and in washing at 60 °C 4/4-5/4-5.

Table

Examples of compounds according to the invention

and.

CH. il ² © / ^CH 2 CH - ch ₂ - N - ch ₂ OH '^CH-

QH ₂ ^With °4 ^CH 2. N- _CH2 - CH - CH 1 ch; OH 1 Cl

2.

@X ^CH 2 ^C S2 © 2 CH ₃ C00 CH. 1 ² Cl - CH - CH. 1 2 OH - N - CH. · ^ ^CH 2 ' ^{N - CH} 2 - ^CH 2 - CH t OH - CH. Cl

3.

C - CH

CH.

CH

CH

CH

Cl

CH. - CH - CH. ² '-o ^{7 2}

CH. ^so d - 2 © 4 CHjjji N - CH. - CH - CH. 2 ι i 2 ch ₂ OH Cl

4.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Method for the treatment of textile materials containing cellulosic fibers before, simultaneously with or after dyeing with anionic dyes, preferably substantive or reactive dyes, characterized in that the textile material is treated with a water bath having a pH of 11 to 14 containing 1 to 200 g / compound of formula 1 1 ^'-CH 2 - ^c ₂ -e © CH ₂ -CH OH where Y is CH ₂ -CH 2 O CH, or CH - CH - CH ² I ² Cl OH n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3 X is an anionic residue of an inorganic or organic acid. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the textile material is treated in an alkaline medium formed by sodium hydroxide.