CS238931B1 - The way of fertilizing tóhtadných strawberries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of fertilizing garden strawberries, characterized in that before flowering or at the beginning of flowering of garden strawberries, a mixed aqueous solution is applied to the strawberry crop foliarly, prepared by homogenizing a liquid multicomponent NP or NPK fertilizer containing condensed ammonium phosphates with N-dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl-N', Ν'- dimethyl - N - -phenylsulfonamide in a weight ratio of 2.5 to 8.3 kg of liquid NP, or NPK fertilizer to 0.18 to 0.32 kg of N-dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl-N',N'- dimethyl - N - -phenylsulfonamide in 300 to 500 liters of water per 104 m^/ha. The invention can be used in agricultural practice and for practice, 5 kg of PFA per ha in 500 liters is recommended. water with 0.25% concentration of Euparen.

Description

The invention relates to a method of fertilizing garden strawberries by applying a mixture of liquid ammonium polyphosphate with N-dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-phenylsulfonamide (Euparen).

The constantly growing need for fruits and vegetables for the population's nutrition, as well as the high demand for raw materials for the canning industry, give rise to the investigation of possibilities for intensification ^of the production of profitable small fruit species.

As part of the research into the agrochemical effectiveness of liquid multicomponent ammonium polyphosphate, the plant-fertilizer system was also investigated, i.e. foliar nutrition of crops and simultaneous protection against gray rot of fruits caused by the fungus Botrytinia fuckeliana /de By/ Wh., as well as the possibility of joint application of fertilizer with pesticide from the point of view of plant reaction and from the point of view of plant reaction and from the point of view of economy.

During the development of plants, there is a need for certain nutrients in a certain ratio. Fertilizers or nutrients supplied during this period not only improve growth and accelerate the course of a given developmental stage, but also greatly influence the focus and intensity of life processes in the plant in later periods. These are periods of special possibilities when rational use of fertilizers can have an extraordinary effect. According to Avdonin, this is the period of maximum effect.

Foliar nutrition can therefore ensure a balance between vegetative growth and fruit production for plants, especially in certain critical phases of development /sprouting, flowering and fruit setting/, when the requirements for certain readily available nutrients are high and in the soil, despite a good supply of nutrients, they are not available to plants for certain reasons! The activity of the root system may be disrupted in a critical period and the supply of nutrients to the above-ground part is inhibited.

The nutrients supplied to plants during such a period are used rationally by the plants.

Currently, the following foliar fertilizers and fungicides are used /tested in Czechoslovakia in 1972-3/

Actigil - a complex liquid foliar fertilizer of French origin. It represents a balanced supplement to industrial fertilizers intended for application to the soil. It ensures a favorable adjustment of nutrition and a catalytic effect and the addition of some growth substances. It contains, in addition to N, P and K in the ratio N : PjOj ^{! κ} 2θ ^{= 9 !} ® ⁸ ? ®St a wide range of other elements /S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Co, Mo, Cl, Na, growth factors and a rooting stimulating vitamin supplement vitamin B^/,

BASF 34 - foliar fertilizer contains in g/liter 340.0 g N, 6.4 g KgO, 1.3 g Mn, 1.3 g Cu. It is used in a concentration of 0.2 - 0.8%, depending on the crop.

Folifertil - a foliar complex fertilizer produced in England, which, unlike Actigil and Wuxal, is not supplied in liquid form. It is a readily soluble powder containing a balanced combination of N, P and K in the ratio of N with PjOj : K ₂ 0 22 : 21 : 17 together with other nutrients /Mg, Fe in chelate bond, Mn, Cu, Co, B, Zn, Mo/ among which, unlike Actigil and Wuxal, the important Mg is also present.

Wuxal - NSR preparation is a complex liquid foliar fertilizer containing, in addition to N, P and K in the ratio ^N : _P2O5 and _K2 ° ^9!9!? a number of important elements /Fe, Mn, B, Zn,

Ni, Co, Mo/ buffering substances and growth factors /vitamin Bj, beta-indolylacetic acid/.

Euparen - fungicide, NSR, 0.25% concentration, active ingredient N-- dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl - N', N'- dimethyl - N - phenylsulfonamide.

The above-mentioned foliar fertilizers were also tested in our country in 0.2% concentrations, applied in 6 sprays in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions, while an increase in yield of 5.5% was achieved with Actigil compared to the control in 1972, 1.5% with Wuxal in 1973, and 8.1% with Folifertil.

In addition, we have developed foliar fertilizers

Vegaflor contains N, P and K in the ratio N : P ₂ °5 ^{! K} 2 ° ” ^{8 ! 8 : 8} ' ^d 'and also ⁱⁿ small quantities /S, Fe, Mn, B, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Cl, Mo/ together with some growth factors /alpha-naphthylacetic acid, nicotinic acid amide, 6-benzylaminopurine/.

The fertilizer was tested in 1972 and achieved a difference of 4.7% compared to the control.

Harmavit - contains N, P and K plus microelements, growth substances, etc.

It has now been found that it is possible to increase the yield of garden strawberries by the method according to the invention. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that at the beginning of flowering a mixture of liquid ammonium polyphosphate /PFA/ and N - dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl - N',N'- dimethyl - N - phenylsulfonamide is applied foliarly in a mutual weight ratio of 2.5 to 8.3 kg : 0.18 to 0.32 kg in 300 to 500 liters of water/1 ha.

Fertilizers in the tested doses are not toxic to plants and are harmless to human health. Of the sprays tested, the most effective was the spray carried out before flowering /law of time/ at a dose of 2.5 kg t.q./ha /law of quantity/ and in the mutual ratio between N and P /law of quality/.

The calculated doses were applied evenly directly to the leaves with a hand sprayer, so when spraying with a tractor, the PFA dose can be increased two to three times.

The examples given illustrate, but do not limit, the subject matter of the invention.

Table 1

Fertilizer combination: control dose g/ 10 m ² tq </> yield kg/10 m ² 8.73 % 100 net income from q/ha in CZK orthophosphate ammonium + Euparen 8.4 2x 10.73 122.9 PFA, 10-34-0 4.17 2x 11.61 132.9 21,789.2 PFA + Euparen 4.17 2x 11.44 131.0 Table 2 Control - 10.15 100 PFA + Euparen 2.5 16.26 168.0 +/ 38,792.3 Ammophos + Euparen 1.63 14.25 125.3 +/ calculated from the yield /crop/ of one trush Table 3 /under irrigation/ Fertilizer combination: dose g/ 6 harvest clean return from 10 m ² tq tufts kg/10 m ^t2 % q/ha in CZK Control - 46 14.66 100 PFA 10-34-0 Euparen 2.42 39 16.59 130.1 13,909.1 Ammophos 1.63 46 17.42 115.9

These experiments were preceded by greenhouse experiments, where earlier fruit ripening was observed in polyform. In small-plot experiments, we also monitored photosynthetic activity, which was highest in PFA.

Semi-operational trials - garden strawberries Senga Sengana OSM, Stupava

Foliar application

τ and bulk 4 Boil, , Fertilization Area Podolije Area Melčice No. ha number & ha of harvest ha number a good harvest % collections in t i collections in t 1 untreated 0.10 5 4,100 100 1 4 3,840 100 2 Euparen 0.25% conc. . 0.10 5 4,300 104.8 2 4 3,770 98.2 3 PFA 5 kg.ha ¹ 0.8 5 4,750 115.8 2.2 4 5,630 146.6 4 PFA 5 kg.ha ¹ Euparen 0.25% end, , 2.0 5 5,080 123.9 1.8 4 5,850 152.3

Results of an operational trial with foliar application of ammonium polyphosphate with Euparen at the CSSP Rača Agricultural Research Center

Table 5

Boiler Foliar kg.ha ¹ yield in t number application total 0 of ha % of 12 hectares 1. Control - - 7.98 100.0 2. PFA + 5 112.98 9.41 117.91 Euparen 0.25% conc. Of the total areas of 4 ha were 4 years old to grow T a b l e I to 6 Boiler Foliar kg.ha ^-1 yield in t number application total I from ha % of 13 hectares 1. Control - - 7.63 100.0 2. PFA 5 111.04 8.54 111.9

Of the total area of 6 ha, 4-year-old saplings were

Claims (1)

5 238931 PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION A method of fertilizing garden strawberries characterized in that prior to the flowering or at the beginning of the flowering of the garden strawberries, a mixed aqueous solution prepared by homogenizing the liquid multicomponent NP or NPK fertilizers containing condensed ammonium phosphates with N is applied to the strawberry stand. -dichlorofluoromethanesulfenyl-N ', N'-dimethyl-N-phenylsulfonamide in a weight ratio of 2.5 to 8.3 kg of liquid NP, respectively. NPK fertilizers for 0.18 to 0.32 kg of N-dichlorofluoromethanesulfonyl-N ", N'-dimethyl-N-phenylsulfonamide in 300-5004 2 liters of water at 10m / ha /.