CS240454B1 - Method of cable oil production from petroleum fractions - Google Patents
Method of cable oil production from petroleum fractions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS240454B1 CS240454B1 CS842597A CS259784A CS240454B1 CS 240454 B1 CS240454 B1 CS 240454B1 CS 842597 A CS842597 A CS 842597A CS 259784 A CS259784 A CS 259784A CS 240454 B1 CS240454 B1 CS 240454B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- hydrogenation
- pseudoraffinate
- cable
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019463 artificial additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Káblový olej připravený hydrogenáciou · zmesi odparafínovaného pseudorafinátu z extraktu olejovej frakcie sírno-parafínickej ropy a živice z polymerizácie nenasýtených uhlovodíkov pyrolýzneho benzínu vhodný pre přípravu káblovej impregnačnej hmoty pre nasycovanie papierovej izolácie káblov pre vysoké napatia do 35 kV. Vynález rieši náhradu používanej technologie výroby káblových olejov kyselinovou rafináciou za bezodpadovú hydrogenačnú rafináciu pri zachovaní kvality káblového oleja podl'a CSN 65 6846.Cable oil prepared by hydrogenation · blends of dewaxed pseudoraffinate from sulfur-paraffinic oil oil fraction extract and polymerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons of pyrolysis gasoline suitable for preparation of cable impregnation material for saturation of paper insulation of high voltage cables up to 35 kV. The invention solves the substitution of the technology used for the production of cable oils by acid refining for waste-free hydrotreating, while maintaining the quality of the cable oil according to CSN 65 6846.
Pre přípravu zmesi sa použije 0,5 až 30 pere. hmotnostných živice, počítané na. vstup, ný pseudorafinát. Přítomnost živíce v oleji zabezpečí prepísanu viskozitu a viskozitný index oleja po hydrogenacii. Zmes sa hydrogenuje v přítomnosti hydrogenačného katalyzátora pri teplote 200 až 400 °C, hydrogenát sa upraví destiláciou a dočistí tuhým adsorbentom.0.5 to 30 pens are used to prepare the mixture. % by weight of resins, calculated on. input, not pseudoraffinate. The presence of the bitumen in the oil ensures the transcribed viscosity and viscosity index of the oil after hydrogenation. The mixture is hydrogenated in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at 200 to 400 ° C, the hydrogenate is treated by distillation and purified with a solid adsorbent.
Vynález rieši sposob výroby elektroizolačných káblových olejov pre vysokonapaťové káble z pseudorafinátu ťažkýcb ropných olejových frakcií a zo zahusťujúcej přísady sáčasnou hydrogenačnou rafináciou oboch uvedených zložiek.The present invention provides a process for the production of electrical insulating cable oils for high-voltage cables from pseudo-refinate of heavy petroleum oil fractions and from a thickening additive by simultaneous hydrotreating of both components.
Československé AO 191478 uvádza sposob výroby káblového oleja zo samotného pseudorafinátu ťažkých olejových frakcií jeho kyselinovou, připadne hydrogenačnou rafináciou. Pseudorafinát sa získává ochladením extraktu, získaného selektívnou rafináciou olejových frakcií a olejový podiel oddělený z extraktu sa odparafínuje.Czechoslovak AO 191478 discloses a process for the production of cable oil from pseudoraffinate of heavy oil fractions by its acidic acid, eventually by hydrogen refining. The pseudoraffinate is obtained by cooling the extract obtained by selective refining of the oil fractions and the oily fraction separated from the extract is dewaxed.
Pri výrobě káblových olejov rafináciou kyselinou sírovou vznikajá ťažko manipulovatelné a nezužitkované kyselinové živice, exhaláty a lúhy, ktoré vážné narušujú ekologická rovnováhu krajiny. Reprodukovatefnoeť kvality káblového oleja vyrobeného kyselinovou rafináciou odparafínovaného pseudorafinátu je malá.In the production of cable oils by sulfuric acid refining, acidic resins, exhales and lyes are difficult to handle and unused, which seriously disturb the ecological balance of the landscape. The reproducible quality of the cable oil produced by acid refining of dewaxed pseudoraffinate is low.
Nedostatky kyselinovej rafinácie pri výrobě káblových olejov sa odstránia použitím postupu podlá tohto vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že odpař afino váný pseudorafinát ťažkého olejového destilátu s viskozito-u 260 až 400 mmAs-1 pri 50 °C a bodom tuhnutia maximálně —8 °C sa hydrogenuje v zmesi so zahusíujúcou (ropnou) živicou připravenou polymerizáciou nenasýtených uhlovodíkov pyrolýzneho benzínu za přítomnosti kyslého katalyzátora.The drawbacks of acid refining in the production of cable oils are eliminated using the process according to the invention, which consists in evaporating the affinity pseudoraffinate of a heavy oil distillate with a viscosity of 260 to 400 mmAs -1 at 50 ° C and a pour point of maximum -8 ° C is hydrogenated in a mixture with a thickened (petroleum) resin prepared by polymerizing unsaturated hydrocarbons of pyrolysis gasoline in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Hydrogenácia sa v závislosti od hmotového poměru pseudorafinátu k živici, chemickej skladby oboch zložiek a typu katalyzátora uskutečňuje pri tlaku 2 až 10 MPa, teplote 200 až 400 PC, objemovom zatažení 0,1 až 4,0 h1 a pri pomere minimálně 100 litrov vodíka na 1 liter suroviny.The hydrogenation according to the mass ratio of the resin pseudorafinátu, the chemical composition of the components and the type of the catalyst takes place at a pressure of 2-10 MPa, a temperature of 200 to 400 C L, volume loading 0.1 to 4.0 hours at a ratio of 1 and a minimum of 100 liters hydrogen per liter of raw material.
Hydrogenačná rafinácia zmesi pseudorafinátu a živice sa uskutočňuje na katalyzátoroch, ktoré sú schopné znižovať obsah olejových živíc, nenasýtených uhlovodíkov a síry. Aktivně kovy Co, Ní, Mo, W, kovy skupiny Pt a prvky vzácných zemin sú jednotlivo, alebo v kombinácii aspoň dvoch prvkov nanesené na nosiči typu aktívna alumina, amorfný alebo krystalický aluminosilikát alebo na zmesi minimálně dvoch uvedených nosičov.Hydrogenation refining of the mixture of pseudoraffinate and resin is carried out on catalysts capable of reducing the content of oil resins, unsaturated hydrocarbons and sulfur. The active metals Co, Ni, Mo, W, Pt group metals and rare earth elements are individually or in combination of at least two elements deposited on an active alumina, amorphous or crystalline aluminosilicate carrier or on a mixture of at least two of said carriers.
V závislosti na strednej molekulovej hmotnosti pseudorafinátu a živice, chemickom zložení pseudorafinátu a použitých podmienkach hydrogenácie sa použije pre přípravu zmesi minimálně 1 % hmotnostně živice, počítané na pseudorafinát, s molekulovou hmotnosťou minimálně 350 kg/kmol.Depending on the mean molecular weight of the pseudoraffinate and the resin, the chemical composition of the pseudoraffinate and the hydrogenation conditions used, at least 1% by weight of the resin, calculated on the pseudoraffinate, with a molecular weight of at least 350 kg / kmol is used.
Hydrogenáciou zmesi pseudorafinátu a živice sa odstráni časť olejových živíc a neuhlovodíkových látok, čím sa zlepšia elektroizolačné vlastnosti a oxidačná stálost oleja. Sprievodným javom hydrogenačnej rafinácie je změna štruktúrno-typového zloženia, pokles obsahu aromatických uhlovodíkov a vzrast viskozitného indexu oleja. V případe hydrogenácie samotného pseudorafinátu uvedené doprovodné kvalitativně změny ovplyvňujú nepriaznivo proces impregnáoie káblov káblovou hmotou vyrobenou z hydrogenovaného pseudorafinátu. Prídavkom zahusťujúcej živice do východiskového pseudorafinátu sa dosiahne predpísaná viskozita a viskozltný index oleja.Hydrogenation of the mixture of pseudoraffinate and resin removes some of the oil resins and non-hydrocarbon substances, thereby improving the electrical insulating properties and oxidation stability of the oil. The accompanying phenomenon of hydrotreating is a change in the structure-type composition, a decrease in aromatic hydrocarbon content and an increase in the viscosity index of the oil. In the case of hydrogenation of the pseudoraffinate itself, these accompanying qualitative changes adversely affect the cable impregnation process with a cable mass made of hydrogenated pseudoraffinate. By adding thickening resins to the starting pseudoraffinate, the prescribed viscosity and viscosity oil index are achieved.
Zbytkový benzín a štiepne produkty vzniknuté hydrogenačnou rafináciou pseudorafinátu a živice sa odstránia destilačne. Vakuovou destiláciou je v případe potřeby možné zvýšiť strednú molekulová hmotnost hydrogenátu oddestilovaním jeho l'ahších podielov. V případe potřeby je možné dosiahnuť normované hodnoty káblového oleja jeho adsorpčným dočištěním tuhým adsorbentom, v množstve minimálně 1 pere. hmotnostně počítané na destilačne upravený hydrogenát zmesi pseudorafinátu a živice.Residual gasoline and fission products resulting from hydrotreating of pseudoraffinate and resins are removed by distillation. Vacuum distillation can, if desired, increase the average molecular weight of the hydrogenate by distilling off its lighter fractions. If necessary, it is possible to achieve the standardized value of the cable oil by its adsorption cleaning with a solid adsorbent in an amount of at least 1 wash. calculated by weight on the distillate-treated hydrogenate of a mixture of pseudoraffinate and resin.
Výhodou sposobu výroby káblového oleja podfa tohto vynálezu je vyradenie stupňa kyselinovej rafinácie, odstránenie tvorby nežiadúcich odpadov, vysoké zužitkovanie suroviny, zníženie energettekej a celkovej ekonomickej náročnosti výroby a to· všetko pri zachovaní alebo zlepšení kvality vyrábaných káblových olejov. Zmiešaním takto připraveného káblového oleja a syntetických přísad pre zvýšenie viskozity a plynovéj pevnosti možno připravit vyhovujúce káblové impregnačně hmoty.The advantages of the cable oil production method according to the invention are the elimination of the acid refining stage, the elimination of unwanted waste generation, the high utilization of the raw material, the reduction of the energy and overall economic demands of production, all while maintaining or improving the quality of the produced cable oils. By mixing the thus prepared cable oil and synthetic additives to increase viscosity and gas strength, suitable cable impregnating compositions can be prepared.
Pre ilustráciu je uvedený příklad výroby káblového oleja, ktorý však neobmedzuje predmet vynálezu.By way of illustration, a non-limiting example of cable oil production is given.
Přiklad hmotnostných dielov pseudorafinátu o viskozite 320 mm2. s_1 pri 50 °C a bode tuhnutia -—8 °C sa zmieša s 10 dielmi zahustujúcej živice a 10 dielmi benzínu a privedie do kontaktu s vodikom a katalyzátorom obsahujúcim Ni a Mo na alumine pri teplote v ložku katalyzátora 285 až 300 °C, pri tlaku 4 MPa, objemovej rýchlosti 0,40 h~L a prietoku vodíka 493 až 503 N litrov na 1 liter suroviny. Získaný hydrogenát sa zbaví 1'ahkých zložiek vákuovou destiláciou. Získá sa káblový olej, ktorého- kvalitativně parametre sú uvedené v tabufke spolu s hodnotami pre káblové oleje podfa ČSN 65 6846.Example of parts by weight of pseudoraffinate with a viscosity of 320 mm 2 . with 1 at 50 ° C and a freezing point of -8 ° C is mixed with 10 parts thickening resin and 10 parts gasoline and contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst containing Ni and Mo on alumina at a catalyst bed temperature of 285 to 300 ° C, at a pressure of 4 MPa and space velocity of 0.40 h ~ L and hydrogen flow 493-503 standard liters per 1 liter of raw material. The resulting hydrogenate is freed from the light components by vacuum distillation. Cable oil is obtained, the qualitative parameters of which are given in the table together with the values for cable oils according to ČSN 65 6846.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS842597A CS240454B1 (en) | 1984-04-04 | 1984-04-04 | Method of cable oil production from petroleum fractions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS842597A CS240454B1 (en) | 1984-04-04 | 1984-04-04 | Method of cable oil production from petroleum fractions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS259784A1 CS259784A1 (en) | 1985-07-16 |
| CS240454B1 true CS240454B1 (en) | 1986-02-13 |
Family
ID=5363558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS842597A CS240454B1 (en) | 1984-04-04 | 1984-04-04 | Method of cable oil production from petroleum fractions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS240454B1 (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-04-04 CS CS842597A patent/CS240454B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS259784A1 (en) | 1985-07-16 |
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