CS242269B1 - Thermal insulation plaster mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal insulation plaster with high thermal resistance for additional thermal insulation of buildings. The mixture is prepared using pre-foamed granulated polystyrene or its crumb as a thermal insulation filler and cement binder, modified with surfactants and aluminum hydrosilicate. The plaster mixture is pumpable with piston or auger plasterers for mortar and, with easy workability with metal trowels after application to the wall, its use achieves high work productivity.

Description

242269

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat insulating plaster composition for additional thermal insulation of structural objects.

Energy efficiency is a very serious social issue, so it has been paying particular attention to the additional insulation of the façade of the building constructions recently.

To date, mostly perlite plasters are used for this purpose. Their use is associated with some disadvantages. They cannot be suitably applied by means of the available machinery and manual casting supports a considerable part of the scarce capacity.

In addition, the perlite plasters have a relatively high bulk density and a corresponding thermal conductivity coefficient, which would require the incorporation of enormous thicknesses of these mortar mixtures with respect to the thermal standard CSN 73 0540.

In addition, the perlite plasters are extremely absorbent, resulting in the destruction of the thermal insulation layers despite the hydrophobic surface treatment of the insulated objects.

The aforementioned drawbacks of perlite plasters also occur in some variations when a combination of expanded perlite pre-granulated with granulated polystyrene is used as a filler of thermally insulating mortars.

The known thermal insulation plasters produced by the binder base of calcium sulphate hydrate and its solidification retarders, when using pre-plated granulated polystyrene as a filler, are only suitable for interiors.

Some foreign products (eg RHODIPOR) achieve good thermal insulation properties with easy pumpability and workability, using special coating equipment. For the modification of these tomatite blends, foreign exchange-intensive cellulose derivatives (e.g., methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and the like) and mechanization facilities available from foreign exchange are used.

The above-mentioned drawbacks are remedied by the thermo-insulating plaster composition according to the invention, prepared from pre-filled polystyrene granulate as filler and cement, and bonded, in the presence of surface active agents and aluminum hydrosilicates with an emissive mineralogical composition of Al2O3. (0.5 - 19) H2O as plasticizer.

It is known that aluminum hydrosilicates, in a dispersible scattering of the colloidal system with water by the so-called Brownian motion, float and not settle in a dispersed environment. Such a colloidal dispersion forms a gel under the influence of the electrolyte contained in the mortar mixture, which due to its large surface absorbs and retains a large amount of water and carries the plasticity of the mixture.

This property of aluminum hydrosilicates can be successfully utilized for the preparatory, plastic and easy-to-pump machine-applied laminated blend.

The excess water in the plastic mixture is partly used to hydrate the cement, where the aluminum hydrosilicate is applied by an acute component. Part of the water soaks into the substrate and the largest part evaporates into the atmosphere. By losing water from the mortar mixture, the colloidal particles converge, causing the mixture to shrink and cracking.

Pre-granulated granulated polystyrene in the mortar serves as a reinforcing component which, on the one hand, eliminates the shrinkage-drying silanes and, on the other hand, utilizes the forces in conjunction with the cement hydraulic component to firmly grip the polystyrene granules with mortar, resulting in increased strength. hardened plaster.

The heat insulating plaster mixture of the present invention consists of pre-granulated granular polystyrene or polystyrene grain size up to 6 mm and a volume weight of 15 to 40% kg. m-3, 2 to 10% by weight, cement 15 to 40% by weight, surface active agents 0.02 to 2% by weight of aluminum hydrosilicates empirical analogue composition of Al2O3. (0,3 - 8) S1O2 .. (0,5 - 19) H2O containing not more than 95% by weight of oxides of iron and titanium, of calcium, of magnesium, of potassium and of sodium in total not exceeding 15% % by weight, in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight, and water in an amount of 20 to 75% by weight.

In the case of an extraordinary increase in the heat-insulating plaster, the fatty acid salt is added in the form of finely dispersed calcium, aluminum or zinc soap in an amount of 0.5 to 4% by weight. Example 1

According to this example, the heat insulating plaster has this particular composition: polystyrene pre-calcined by weight. granulate weight 20 g. 1_1 7 Portland slag cement 325 30 surfactant powder 0.09 aluminum hydrosilicate 25 water 31,91

The thermal insulation plaster of said composition has achieved the following decisive physical-mechanical parameters: bulk density 230 g.l -1 coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.0634 W. nr1 compressive strength 0,376 MPa volumetric absorption 10,2%

Claims (3)

242269 6 Example 2 wt. the mineralogical and chemical composition of the foregoing description and the definition of the object of Pre-calcined polystyrene invention 25 granules of weight 20 g. 1 ~ 8 chopped roving length 6 mm 0.5 portland cement 29 water 24.42 surfactant powder 0.1 aluminum hydrosilicate empirical alum: Aluminum hydrosilicate empirical composition: The thermal insulation plaster of said composition achieves the following physical mechanical parameters: wt. AI2O3. (0.3-8) SiO 2. (0.5 - 19) H2O containing alumina and silicon up to 95% iron, titanium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium oxides up to 15 volume weight coefficient of thermal conductivity compressive strengthabsorbency 250 g.1-1 '0.0685 W. m "l K" 10.405 MPa 10.5% Example 4% w / w. percent 20 Pre-bonded polystyrene calcium stearate 0.6 grams weight 25 g. I-1 9 water 42.3 Portland cement 29 surfactant powder 0.12 The thermal insulating plaster of said aluminum aluminosilicate empirically achieves the following physical-mechanical mineralogical and chemical composition described in the description and definition of the article volume density 220 g. of the invention 26 zinc stearate coefficient 2 conductivity 0.0621 W. mi K ~ i chopped roving length 6 mm 2.5 compressive strength 0.352 MPa water 31.38 volumetric absorption Example 3 The thermal insulation plaster of said composition achieves the following physical-mechanical parameters: wt. . Pre-calcined polystyrene granulate weight 25 g. l ~ l slag Portland cement cement aluminum hydrosilicate powder empiric- 10 30 0.08 Volume weight coefficient of thermal conductivity, compressive strength, volumetric absorptivity 260 g, l-i 0.0821 W. m-i K-i0,502 MPa7.0% SUBJECT 1. A thermal insulating plaster composition intended to increase the thermal resistance of building structures, characterized in that it consists of pre-granulated granulated polystyrene or polystyrene grits of grain size up to 6 mm and a volume weight of 15 to 40 kg. m ~ 3, in an amount of 2 to 10 percent by weight, cement 15 to 40 percent by weight, surfactants 0.02 to 2 percent by weight of hydrosilicate aluminum empirical composition of Al2O3. . (0.3 to 8) S1O2. (0.5 to 19) H2O with an aluminum oxide and silicon oxide content not exceeding 95 percent by weight, and oxides of iron, titanium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, not more than 15 percent by weight, 10 to 40 percent by weight, and water in amounts 20 to 75% by weight. 2. A thermal insulating plaster composition for increasing the thermal resistance of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a fatty acid salt of 0.5 to 4% by weight. 3. A thermal insulating plaster composition for increasing the thermal resistance of building structures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an inorganic or synthetic fiber in an amount of 0.2 to 8% by weight.