CS242951B1 - Protective fiber formation and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns a fibrous formation intended for protecting horticultural and agricultural crops from birds, which is spread over the crops on the desired area. The essence of the solution is that it is formed by a transversely stretched strip or strand of foil fibers obtained from a split anisotropic foil by a needled roller. The essence of the method of manufacturing a protective fibrous formation consists in that the foil of polyolefin, polyamide or polyester materials is unidirectionally stretched to a strip 15 to 50 cm wide and 25 to 50 µm thick and subsequently split using the needled surface of the roller. The resulting strip of foil fibers is gathered into the shape of a strand, divided into the desired length and adjusted. When applied to horticultural or agricultural crops, the strand of fibers is stretched transversely and laid over the crops in the desired layer and coverage.

Description

(54) Protective fiber formation and method of its manufacture

The invention relates to a fiber formation intended to protect horticultural and agricultural crops from birds, which extends over the crops over a desired area. The essence of the solution is that it is formed by a transversely stretched band or strand of foil fibers obtained from the split anisotropic foil by a needle roller. The essence of the process for the production of a protective fiber formation is that a film of polyolefin, polyamide or polyester materials is unidirectionally stretched to a web width of 15 to 50 cm with a thickness of 25 to 50 [mu] m and subsequently broken with a needled roller surface. The resulting web of foil fibers is folded in the shape of a strand, divided into the desired length and adjusted.

When applied to horticultural or agricultural crops, the fiber strand is laterally expanded and placed over the crops in the desired layer and cover.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a protective fiber formation intended to protect horticultural and agricultural crops from birds and to a method for producing the fiber formation.

Horticultural and agricultural crops, especially soft fruits, stone fruits, strawberries, poppies and others, must be protected, especially at the time of ripening, from birds which both consume and damage them.

Various protection methods or means are used for this protection, very often using fibrous material protection means, since the protection thus formed allows good contact of the crops with the surrounding atmosphere and with other influences favorable or necessary for their formation and maturation.

These protective devices made of fibrous materials are used in the form of linear threads or in the form of nets, knitted from or formed from yarn materials.

The use of yarns has a disadvantage for the user in particular in the considerable permeability of the birds to the crops in the case of their simple laying, in the case of dense and complicated laying of yarns over the crops in considerable laboriousness of such a complex arrangement.

Usage of networks is usually associated with the user's need to adapt the netting to the protected area, which usually cannot be done without loss of netting. Also, the rigidity of some webs causes problems for the user.

The ultimate distribution of nets, especially wider ones, is associated with problems, which is particularly evident when trying to protect intricate shapes such as tree or larger shrub surfaces and the like.

Larger nets need thicker threads, which is also reflected in the weight of the nets so formed, which then burden the plants and make the nets difficult to handle. In all the cases mentioned, the use of the aforementioned barriers is associated with a greater workload of the whole society, mainly due to the great work of making solid linear formations capable of further binding - threads.

The above-mentioned and other disadvantages do not have the protection of horticultural and agricultural crops covered by a protective fiber formation against birds, which is essentially caused by the lateral expansion of a strand or strip of foil fibers obtained by cleaving the anisotropic foil with a needle roller. The film may also be a multilayer made of polyolefins, polyamides and polyesters.

The method for producing a sliver consists of stretching the sheets and subsequently fibrillating the elongated sheets. The essence of the solution is that the film is unidirectionally stretched to a width of 15 to 50 cm with a thickness of 25 to 50 [mu] m and further cleaves at a ratio of the peripheral speed of the splitting roller to the speed of the anisotropic web of film of 1.2 to 3.

The resulting web or strand of foil fibers is divided into the desired length and adjusted. The above and subsequent operations, including the adjustment of the fiber formation, are carried out in a continuous sequence. By using the protective structure thus produced, which can be produced in large volumes on suitable existing equipment, high production efficiency of the protective structures according to the invention is achieved.

These protective fiber formations are lightweight and their production is associated with low material consumption. This lightness also makes them easy to handle. The fiber material is pulled into a strand or belt, which further facilitates its transportation from the manufacturer to use.

By appropriately transversely extending the required length of the strand, the user can protect the required area, which does not cause problems even in the case of its considerable formability. The material can be adjusted in short or long sections, which will ensure the need for small consumers and consumers for larger areas.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

The protection of a plot of 10 m with a length of 4 m is done by stretching 24 g of filament fiber strand to a width of 2.5 m and dragging the material over the length of the protected plot. The fixation of this protection is ensured by throwing the edges of the protective formation over the plants at the edges of the plot or other fixation formations. The foil fiber strand used was made of polypropylene material.

Example 2

The polypropylene film is unidirectionally stretched to a width of 27 cm and a thickness of 40 µm. The drawn material is continuously discharged at a speed of 100 m / min to the splitting roller, which rotates at a speed of 210 m / min.

The resulting sheet of foil fibers is wrapped in the shape of a strand and adjusted in lengths of 500 m by placing it in a bale inserted into a watering can passing under the adjusting sash where the strand is continuously fed from the splitting device. The adjustment is finished after 5 minutes and the watering can is automatically replaced with another one and the adjustment is repeated. The adjusted spring weighs 6.5 kg and is designed to protect an area of 1,500 m.

Example 3

The method for producing a strand was the same as in Example 2 except that a polyamide film was used and the adjusted strand weighed 8.1 kg.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. A protective fiber formation for the protection of horticultural and agricultural crops from birds which is spread over the crops in the desired layer and in the desired area coverage, characterized in that it is formed by a transversely stretched band or strand of foil fibers of split anisotropic at least monolayer foil. of polyolefins, polyamides and polyesters. 2. A method for producing a protective fiber formation as set forth in claim 1, comprising drawing the film and subsequently splitting it, characterized in that the film is unidirectionally stretched to a web width of 15 to 50 cm with a thickness of 25 to 50 µm. 2 to 3 times the speed of the moving split anisotropic film web, whereupon the resulting web or film strand is divided into the desired length and adjusted.