CS251983B1 - Decorative veneers and massifs from wood species with inexpressive texture or from decorative wood species and method of their production - Google Patents

Abstract

Fancy veneers and solid wood blocks contain dyestuffs and pigments which are distributed within the wood material from faces of the wood material into its interior in the direction of its fibers and contain furthermore monosulphono dyestuffs with a molecular weight smaller than 1500 homogeneously distributed in cell walls of the wood material. According to the manufacturing method wood colouring liquid is introduced into the wood material from one or both of its faces at selected places in the direction of fibers of the wood material, with a subsequent diffusion dyeing step.

Description

The invention relates to ornamental veneers and wood-based solid woods with a bland texture and to a process for the production by controlled impregnation of wood-staining liquids.

At present, veneers and solid woods with a distinctive texture are prepared by mechanical separation from primary ornamental trees such as walnut, ovangkol, mahogany and others. Strains or mechanically machined prisms of strains with increased humidity are usually used for the production of veneers. A considerable part of the trees is hydrothermally plasticized before cutting or peeling. Decorative veneers with a distinctive texture are produced in known ways also from woods with an insignificant texture talk that peeled veneers are first produced, these are dyed by deep diffusion dyeing, then folded and glued into blocks using colored adhesive mixtures, from which veneers are cut with reproducible drawing. Processes are also known in which decoratively veneers are produced by slicing glued blocks consisting of veneers, pieces of veneer, paper, wood pulp fiber and other materials.

The disadvantages of the current state of production of decorative ornamental veneers from primary ornamental woody plants are that their availability is reduced, in particular high-quality woods such as walnut, grenadil, ovangkol, teak, mahogany and their prices are constantly rising.

The disadvantages of reproducible veneers from veneer blocks are their semi-synthetic appearance. Glued joints are visible and especially in simple so-called. Radial textures with strip widths of 0.6 to 20 mm, often interfering.

A further disadvantage is that the production of reproducible veneers, i. j. Arodene, fine-line veneer, leriex and lamidene, is a considerable work.

The disadvantages of the present state are largely eliminated by ornamental wood veneers and wood masses with a dull texture according to the invention, which consists in that the wood veneers and wood masses contain high molecular dyes, color pigments, reactive, metal complex, direct and acid dyes and mixtures of these dyes or organic Regulated thermosetting pigments embedded in strips of 0.1 to 30 mm width extending from the fiber fronts in the direction of the fibers to the interior of the veneers and solids, and monosulfone dyes having a molecular weight less than 1 500 distributed homogeneously in situ in the cell walls of the veneers and solids.

The method of production of ornamental veneers and massifs consists in that a part of one or both faces of wood massifs with a humidity of 18 to 210 ° / o is supplied with a wood-coloring liquid by a pressure difference of 0.04 to 7.0 at intentionally selected places of the same or different shape. MPa at 10 to 110 ° C, for 2 to 600 min. in the direction of the fibers, the wood material in the form of solids or veneers is then colored by diffusion dyeing.

An advantage and novel effect of the invention is that it is possible to prepare a decorative wood material which has a superimposed stronger grain-oriented pattern on a particular color background, as in primary ornamental woods. The development of such a drawing is based on the fact that the ratio of wood permeability in the longitudinal, radial-tangential direction is 104 _and g 1q5 and further on the control of the flow of wood-staining fluids through the faces.

The method according to the invention makes it possible to induce a superimposed drawing in woody plants and thereby to prepare and produce a virtually unlimited range of natural refined wood materials. It is also possible to refine secondary wood species which are more accessible and cheaper than the rare, hard-to-reach primary ornamental wood species with a distinct texture.

According to the present invention, it is also possible to refine the primary decorative wood species so that they are similar in color and drawing to rare, unavailable or hardly accessible wood species.

Another advantage of wood-finishing by superimposing in-situ drawings is that the veneer or decorative mass produced in this way is always unique to the original, since the superimposed drawing is produced by the flow of aqueous wood-dyeing solutions along wood fibers, thereby accentuating or inducing naturally permeable paths. barriers create shadows of hydraulic jets, similar to the flow of liquids through tree matter in living nature.

The set of permeable and less permeable roads and flow barriers in each tree and tree is unique and original in terms of aesthetic value. Therefore, the resulting product of refinement based on their utilization is also a unique original. From a physical point of view, the subject method achieves the transformation of non-optical properties such as permeability, morphological properties, in particular the distribution of pink filamentous cell types, radially oriented cells, the state of intercellular thinning and flow barriers, the width and distribution of annual or incremental rings, 400 to 700 nm, which determine the aesthetic level of the material.

Ornamental veneers and solid wood of low-textured woods such as poplar, aspen, maple, beech, wawa, or ornamental woods such as koto, mahogany, ovangkol, teak, contain finishing agents such as synthetic polymers, oligomers, plasticizers and surfactants . Furthermore, veneers and solids contain high molecular weight dyes, color pigments, reactive. metal-complex, direct and acidic dyes and mixtures of these dyes or organic pigments with thermosetting plastics, controlled in the direction of the fibers to the depth of veneers and solids, to resemble in full depth and flat macroscopic portions of the incremental or annual rings, core and white parts of bitumen canals and parenchymatic cells of ornamental trees. The veneers and solids further comprise monosulfone dyes having a molecular weight less than 1500 distributed homogeneously in situ in the cell walls of the veneers and solids.

Methods for making ornamental veneers and solid wood are shown in the following examples.

Example 1

Prisms of beech (Fagus silvatica) with dimensions of 6 X 6 X 40 cm and moisture of 40% are coated on both sides with epoxy resin coating and allowed to cure for 24 hours. After curing, the prism faces are treated with notches 1 cm wide, 0.5 cm deep, the prisms are evacuated at 0.05 MPa for 30 minutes and then impregnated for 120 minutes at 0.6 MPa with a dye mixture С. I. Acid Yellow 11, С. I. Acid Orange 7 and С. I. Acid Blue 62 at a ratio of 1: 7: 2. Then, 0.7 mm thick veneers are cut from the prisms and coated with a dye solution С. I. Acid Orange 3, С. I. Acid Red 88 and С. I. Acid Blue 78 at a ratio of 13: 1: 1 and heated outside the dyeing solution at 90 ° C for 8 hours in an enclosed space with saturated water vapor pressure. After drying, the veneer surface is similar to wood mahogany.

Example 2

Koto (Pterigota macrocarpa) prisms of 6 X 6 X 40 cm at 60% moisture are coated on the cells with a 15% solids content of polyvinyl acetate suspension and cured at 20 ° C for 3 hours. A dye solution С is fed to both ends of the prism. I. Pigment Red 4 and С. I. Pigment Black 7 at a concentration of 100 g, ^1x to which it is subjected to a pressure of 0.6 MPa for 360 minutes. Veneers 0.7 mm thick are cut from the impregnated prisms. The veneers are then diffused discolored with a wood-staining liquid of composition С. I. Acid Yellow 11, С. I. Direct Violet 46, С. I. Acid Blue 78 at a ratio of 20: 2: 1 and 50 g. 1 ^_1 urea at 92 ° C for 8 hours.

Example 3

Populus marilandica with a diameter of 25 cm and a moisture content of 35% of the fiber saturation shall be fitted with a metal mask corresponding to the shape of the annual rings. The treated tree is then evacuated for 30 minutes at a pressure of 0.04 MPa and impregnated with a staining solution С. I. Pigment Black 7 and С. I. Pigment Red 4 1: 1 and 200 g. . 11 ^{L of} ethylene glycol at a pressure of 0.6 MPa for 120 minutes. 1.2 mm thick veneers are cut from impregnated topoid wood and placed in a dye solution С. I. Acid Yellow 36, С. I. Acid Red 88, С. I. Acid Blue 41 in a ratio of 65: 10: 25, veneers are stained for 6 hours at 80 ° C. After drying, a wood-like drawing of ovangkol is obtained.

Example 4

Prism of beech (Fagus silvatica) with a volume of 0.3 m ³ is steamed for 24 hours to 190% humidity. Subsequently, the face of the prism is exposed to the melt of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer so that the copolymer covers the summer part of the annual woody rings. Then an impregnating solution of composition С is fed to the front. I. Acid Black 1 at a concentration of 20 g. ¹¹ , which is applied to the prism at a pressure of 0.6 MPa for 120 minutes. After removal of the foreheads, the prism is again impregnated with staining solution С. I. Direct Brown 115 for 2 hours at 20 ° C. After this impregnation, decorative ornamental veneers are cut from prism.

Example 5

Metal spikes of diameters from 0.3 to 0.8 mm are introduced into the front surface of the birch tree (Betula verrucosa), by means of which a wood-coloring liquid of composition С is introduced into the wood. I. Mordant Brown 86 and С. I. Mordant Brown 95 at a ratio of 1: 1 under a pressure of 0.6 MPa for 240 minutes. Veneers are cut from impregnated wood and coated with aqueous acid solutions of organic acid dyes having a molecular weight of 300 to 850. After the application of the coloring solution in an amount of 150 to 200 g per m ² , the veneers are stacked and pressed flat with stainless steel and placed in the closable space for 24 hours to prevent evaporation of water. The dyeing solution is allowed to pre-diffuse at a temperature in the range of 60-95 ° C for 24 hours, then the veneers are dried to a humidity of 8-12%. In this way, veneers with a distinctive decorative pattern are obtained.

Example 6

The hornbeam prism (Carpinus betulus) is impregnated for 1 minute by soaking with a 33% aqueous sodium silicate solution, then allowed to cure for 10 hours and then completely ground. The thus treated is subsequently prism drevosfarbujúcou impregnation liquid containing 40 gl of dye ¹ С. I. Acid Black 52. Sliced veneers are diffused discolored with a wood-staining liquid of composition С. I. Acid Bro-wn 19 at a concentration of 40 g. Г ¹ and 10 g. ¹¹ of propylene oxide / ethylene oxide copolymer at 90 ° C for 8 hours. The veneer thus made has a drawing similar to rosewood.

An example of a woody lime tree (Tilia cordata] o

X 6 X 40 cm are exposed to chamois-sized fronts for a short time of 25 seconds with a lead, tin, bismuth and cadmium alloy at a temperature of 150 ° C. The prisms thus treated are pre-impregnated with a coloring solution of C.I. Pigment Black 7 and C.I. Pigment Red 4 at a ratio of 1: 1 at a pressure of 0.8 MPa for 180 minutes. Slicing a prism. Decorative veneers are obtained.

Example 8

Whole poplar prism (Populus marilandica) prisms coated with styrene copolymer and acrylic ester, of which one face is exposed to a vacuum of 0.04 MPa and the other face is exposed to a pressure of a coloring liquid of CI Pigment Black 7 composition at pressure 0.5 MPa for 120 minutes. Veneers are cut from prisms into which the C.I. Acid Orange 3, C.I. Acid. Red 88 and Ο. I. Acid Blue 78 in a ratio of 10: 2: 1 in a mixture with a dispersion of vinyl acetate / acrylic ester copolymer with a dry matter content of 55% for 8 hours. The veneers obtained are dried at 85 ° C for 25 minutes. Their texture is similar to ovangkol.

Example 9

Poplar marilandicaj prisms (6 X 6 X 40 cm and 20% moisture) are coated with 10 - 4 to 2.10 " ³ m glass particles on their foreheads. The treated wood is vacuumed for 30 minutes at 0.06 MPa and impregnated with the dye solution CI Pigment Black 7 a concentration of 100 grams. 1 ^'1 for 120 minutes. after impregnation,? is the prism cut veneer with a thickness of 0.7 mni to be placed in a solution of dye CI Acid Yellow 11, CI Acid Orange 10, CI Acid Blue 40 in a ratio of 10: 1: 5: 1. Veneers are stained for 6 hours at 80 ° C and, after drying, a decorative veneer with a decorative drawing of ovangkol.

The ornamental veneers and massifs according to the invention and the method of their manufacture can be used for the production of furniture, tiles and wherever the decorative function of wood is utilized.

Claims (5)

p R E D M E T OF THE INVENTION 1. Ornamental veneers and solid woods of bland textures or ornamental woods containing upgrading agents such as synthetic polymers, oligomers, plasticizers and surfactants, characterized in that the veneers and solids contain high molecular dyes, color pigments, reactive, metal complex, direct and acid dyes and mixtures of these dyes or organic pigments with thermosetting plastics, controlled in strips between 0,1 and 30 mm in width extending from the faces in the direction of the fibers to the interior of veneers and solids and monosulfone dyes of less than 1 500 homogeneously distributed in sieves in the cell walls of veneers and solid wood. 2. Method of producing ornamental veneer and solid wood from non-distinctive wood or from ornamental wood according to point 1, by impregnating wood-coloring modifying agents such as aqueous and organic solutions of acidic, metal-complex or reactive dyes, color pigments, thermoplastic mixed solutions , oligomers, monomers, plasticizers and other industrial auxiliaries, characterized in that a part of one or both faces of the wood masses having a moisture content of 18 to 210% is deliberately pre-selected at the same or different shape with a wood-coloring liquid due to a pressure difference of 0.04 up to 7.0 MPa at temperature. 10 to 110 ° C, for 2 to 600 min. in the direction of the fibers, the wood material in the form of solid wood or veneer is discolored by diffusion. staining. 3. A method for producing ornamental veneer and solid wood from a poorly textured wood or from ornamental wood according to claim 2, characterized in that the pre-selected locations for supplying the wood-dyeing liquid are obtained by closing part of one or both faces of wood materials. . 4. A process for the production of ornamental veneers and solids according to items 2 and 3, characterized in that the closing of the fronts is carried out by depositing colloidal systems with particle sizes of 10 ⁸ to 10 -3 _m which form semipermeable membranes such as polyvinyl acetate and acrylate dispersions and acid gels. silica for 0.5 to 300 seconds at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.7 MPa, at a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C and subsequent dispersion? cured. 5. The process for producing ornamental veneers and solids according to items 2 and 3, characterized in that the sealing is effected by impregnating the foreheads with low-melting metals such as lead, tin, bismuth and cadmium alloys for 0.5 to 25 seconds at a temperature of 110 to 300 C.