CS252006B1 - Device for obtaining non-ferrous metals from bimetal iron-based wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for obtaining non-ferrous metals from iron-based bimetallic waste by melting consists of a melting chamber, to which a combustion chamber with a burner is connected in its lower part, while a melt collector (2) with a tapping hole is located in the bottom of the melting chamber, in which a layer of charcoal is placed, and in the upper part of the melting chamber there is a melting basket with a lid and a channel for exhausting flue gases.

Description

252006

The invention is. relates to an apparatus for obtaining non-ferrous metals from bimetal iron-based evaporators by melting.

So far known methods for obtaining non-ferrous metals from bimetal wastes are based on iron melting in metal, chloride, oxide and other chemical compounds in special furnace equipment that is technically demanding and can withstand the evaporation of the salts used, or metals from the bath and the direct chemical and corrosive effect of these baths. When being pulled out on the equipment, the heat utilization coefficient for the smelting itself is low, since a significant part of the heat is required to maintain the temperature of the bath, and the operation of such devices is difficult to cope with. occupational safety, hygiene at work and with regard to the efficiency of the melting process itself.

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the device for obtaining non-ferrous iron-based blasting wastes, according to the invention, which consists of a melting chamber into which a burner chamber with a burner is fed in the lower part thereof, wherein The chamber is provided with a melt collector with a melt tap hole in which a wood-carbon layer is deposited and a basket for perforating, with a lid and a flue gas duct is placed in the upper part of the melting chamber.

The apparatus is optionally designed so that a flue gas passageway from another furnace aggregate also opens into the combustion chamber, or the combustion chamber is replaced by a flue gas supply pipe from another furnace assembly. An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the design of the smelting chamber ensures a high utilization of the heat produced by the flue gas, or the utilization of waste heat from the flue gas from other furnace aggregates, whereby the support portion of the smelting kosasa is outside the high temperature range. The fact that the device according to the invention is not demanding in terms of materials, it is possible to carry out both discontinuous and continuous processes in the smelting process, whereby the non-ferrous metals melted can be used directly in the production cycle for casting. The safety and hygienic conditions of the inventive smelting apparatus do not differ from those imposed on conventional smelting and casting operations.

The operation of the equipment is simple, both technical and technological. The fusion is carried out in the combustion atmosphere from the combustion of gaseous or liquid fuel by passing the flue gas from the combustion chamber into the smelting chamber where the biogas is stored. metal wastes from which non-ferrous metals are melted by the flue gas temperature and flow into the melt collector beneath the charcoal layer, where the melt is discharged or re-broken.

The smelting is also carried out by feeding the exhaust chamber simultaneously with flue gas from the combustion chamber and the waste flue gas from another furnace aggregate or the only waste wastes from another kiln aggregate.

The device according to the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 3, wherein Figure 1 illustrates a cross section of the combustion chamber and burner apparatus, Figure 2 shows a combustion chamber apparatus and a waste flue gas passageway of a different kiln aggregate and Figure 3. it depicts a section of the device where the co-mod. it is replaced by a channel for supplying waste flue gases from another kiln aggregate. In the apparatus of FIG. 1 in the combustion chamber 1, the burners 10 are burned with gaseous or liquid fuel. The flue gas is fed through the flue gas channel 6 to the smelting chamber S, where it passes through the flue gas 8 with the blown bimetals into the flue gas duct 9. The flue gas temperature is regulated according to the requirements by adjusting the output of the burners. casting basins or co-kills. In the apparatus according to FIG. 2, waste fumes from another kiln aggregate are fed to the combustion chamber 5 via a waste gas inlet duct 5, and gaseous or liquid fuel is burned in the burners 10 while the combustion gases are passed through the duct 6 through the inlet 6 flue gas into the melting chamber 5, where it is mixed with the waste flue gas from another furnace aggregate and passed through the extrusion basket 8 with melted bimetalide ducts 9 for flue gas exhaust. The furnace temperature is controlled by the burners as required. The other part of the apparatus is the same as that of FIG. 1. In the apparatus of FIG. 3, the flue gas from another furnace assembly is fed through the duct 11 to the furnace chamber 5 where it passes they are passed through the bi-metal blow-out bin 8 into the flue gas duct 9. The temperature in the melting chamber can be controlled by varying the amount of flue gas passing through the melting chamber. Fig. 1.

The function of the device is illustrated in the Examples: Example 1

The apparatus of the invention has been tested in the smelting of CuPb30 alloy from wastes of bimetallic sliding bearings for which

Claims (3)

252006 The CuPb30 alloy and the strand formed a steel layer with the melted layer. The proportion of CuPb30 in bimetallic wastes was 30% by weight. The smelting basket was made of refractory steel ČSN 17 153 so that the welds as critically stressed places were found in the upper part of the smelting kosamimo zone of high melting equipment. In two burners in the combustion chamber, it burned natural gas and flue gas at a temperature of 1200 ° C was fed into the melting chamber. The batch in one fusion coil was 30 kg of bimetals and the recovery time was 10 minutes. 500 kilograms of bimetal wastes were processed, while 138 kg of CuPb30 alloy was melted. The average composition of the molten alloy was as follows: 26% Pb, 0.28% Fe, 0.25% Sn, remaining Cu. The composition of the obtained alloy complies with ČSN 023 091. Example no. 2 Waste from bimetallic plain bearings was used for the smelting process, where the AlSn20 alloy was formed. The proportion of AlSn 2 O in the melted bimetals was 6.7%. The smelting basket was made of refractory steel ČSN 17 153 so that the welds as critically stressed places were found in the upper part of the smelting kosamimo zone of high melting equipment. Waste incinerators from a crucible melting furnace heated with fuel oil were used as the heat source. The flue gas temperature at the inlet chamber was 1,000 degrees Celsius. The load of one scythe was 25 kg of bi-metal and the time required to melt was 3 minutes. 400 kg of bimetallic evaporation was worked up, yielding 23 kg of AlSn20 alloy. The molten alloy contained 18% Sn, 1.1% Cu and 0.27% Fe, the residue was Al. The composition of the alloy was CSN 02 3091. An apparatus for obtaining non-ferrous metals from bimetallic wastes based on melting, characterized in that the combustion chamber (5) extending in the lower part is composed of a side wall of the combustion chamber (1) with a burner (10), wherein, at the bottom of the smelting chamber (5), a melt collector (2) is disposed with a tap hole (3) in which the wood charcoal layer (4) is housed and in the opening of the upper melt chamber (5j is a basket (8) for smelting with cover (7) and flue gas duct (9). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber (1j) is an orifice channel (12) for supplying exhaust gas from the furnace agregate. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that at the melting chamber (5) the combustion chamber (1) is replaced by a flue gas supply passage (11). 3 sheets of drawings