CS252659B1 - Feed additive containing nutritionally effective carotenoids and a method for its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The feed additive containing nutritionally effective carotenoids, especially β-carotenoids, bound to animal or vegetable fats, and from dried plants consists of 18 to 20% by weight of fats, 0.08 to 0.40% by weight of surfactants, 0.50 to 1.00% by weight of lecithin and optionally 1.0 to 1.2% by weight of antioxidant, with the remainder up to 100% by weight being vegetable flour, for example from alfalfa or clover, and is prepared by melting the fat with the addition of a surfactant, adding optionally an antioxidant and finally lecithin to the mixture while stirring and maintaining it in a molten state, and homogenizing the fat batch thus obtained with vegetable flour.

Description

The invention relates to a feed composition containing nutritionally active carotenoids, in particular X-carotene, from dried plants and to a process for its production.

It is known that the advancement of cultivation of animals in confined spaces is conditional not only on advances in the field of genetics and feeding methods, but also on advances in the field of compound feed containing the most diverse ingredients. Vitamin, trace elements, prophylactic and growth-promoting substances are, for example, essential for animal vital functions for optimal animal production.

The importance of adding vitamins to compound feed is generally known; the additives of vitamins to the feed mixtures relate, for example, to German published application Nos. 1,942,747, 2,451,202, 2,653,533 and 2,822,272.

The most important source of natural caroteniodes, which are, a source of vitamin A in the feed industry, are dried plants, especially alfalfa. However, the utility of these carotenoids in terms of nutritional physiology is low, since they are difficult to release to a form easily digestible in a short period of digestion, especially in animals with a short digestive tract such as poultry and pigs.

It is known that carotenoids dissolve well in fats (see, for example, the phrase Carotenoids, Educational Vocabulary, Prague, 1971, Volume 3, page 136). However, this is true for carotenoids and not for their release from plant cells. Therefore, vitamins are also added to the known dried feed compositions containing dried plants, although for nutritional reasons these compositions contain a fat component: such compositions are, for example, referred to in AO 180 118 and German Patent Application DAS No. 1,812,349.

Thus, to date, industrially produced compound feeds have been enriched with synthetic vitamin A products even in those cases where it contains a sufficient concentration (i -carotene, determined in vitro), which makes the production of feed unnecessarily more expensive in relation to the total vitamin content. Vitamin A is also supplied to fat-containing feedstuffs, for example, when the desired coloring of animal products such as broiler skin or egg yolks is required to obtain the desired coloring. to Czechoslovakia and to other Comecon countries to import from non-socialist states or to produce it from raw materials imported from non-socialist states.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a feed composition with sufficient vitamin A content without the need to supply the vitamin in the feed composition in synthetic form.

The invention is based on the surprising fact that the cartenoids, in particular β-carotene, are released by homogenizing the dried plants with the fat blend hot from the plant cells and bind to the fat blend containing the surfactant component. The movement of the ground vegetable particles in the fat-containing fat mixture heated to at least the melting point results in increased semipermeability of the plant cell walls as well as the release of cracks in the plant cells by the expansion of water vapor during artificial drying. homogenization process to obtain a feed additive with enhanced nutritional efficacy, to which it is not necessary to add vitamin A

The increased nutritional effect of the feed additive according to the invention results in the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A in vitro, as evidenced by the consumption of feed per unit of livestock production and the vitamin A doping in the liver.

The subject of the invention is therefore a feed additive characterized in that it consists of 18 to 20% by weight of fats, 0.08 to 0.40% by weight of surfactants and 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of lecithin, the remainder up to % by weight is vegetable meal.

Preferably, 1.0-2.0% by weight of the antioxidant is added to the mixture. According to the method of the invention, the feed additive is prepared by first preparing a fat batch by mixing the fat and the surfactant and heating until melting, then optionally adding an antioxidant to the blended mixture and further heating and mixing. Finally, lecithin is added to the molten mixture. Finally, the vegetable flour is added to the fat batch thus obtained and the mixture is homogenized preferably in a vertical mixer of the NAUTA type or in horizontal mixers used in the feed industry.

The additive obtained is of a loose consistency and, as a carotenoid concentrate, is a suitable additive for compound feed to which it is added in an amount of 1% by weight relative to the compound feed. Even after six months of storage of feed, the loss of .alpha.-carotene is not more than 10% of its initial content in the mixture.

Fats of both animal and vegetable origin, such as lard, beef tallow, sunflower, soya, rapeseed and coconut oil, are used in the feed additive of the invention.

Emulsifiers such as sugar-glycerides and polyethylene glycol sorbite are used as surfactants. Dried and crushed plants containing phylloxides such as alfalfa and clover are used as vegetable meal. Soy, rape and sunflower lecithin are used, for example, as lecithin.

The antioxidant is filled with ethoxyquinone (known in the CSSR under the trade name KURASAN), additionally in the form of an ethanol solution and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of 8 to 16. The following examples illustrate the invention . Percentages are by weight.

Example 1

Preparation of a fat-bearing with a surface-active effect

65 g of pork fat, 117 g of beef tallow (total 18.2% fat) and 3 g of sugar-glyceride emulsifiers with an HLB value of 8-9 (0.3%) are heated and stirred at 80 ° C.

A solution of 10 g of ethoxyquinone (1%) in 30 g of ethanol is then prepared and added with stirring to the prepared mixture of fats and emulsifiers and heated to 100 ° C. Finally, 5 g of soya lecithin (0.5%) is added:

Preparation of carotenoid concentrate

To 200 g of a prepared fat batch (20%) having a surface-active effect, at 100 ° C, 800 g of dried plants (80%), preferably alfalfa flour with a minimum content of 150 g of β-carotene per kg dry matter, is added. The mixture is homogenized in a vertical mixer of the NAUTA type or in horizontal mixers used in the feed industry for loose mixtures.

In the prepared bulk concentrate, the loss of $ -carotene after six months is not more than 10% of the initial content.

Example 2

To 30 g of ethanol was added 10 g of ethoxyquinone (1%) and 3 g of polyethylene glycol sorbite having an HLB value of 16 (0.2%). The mixture is heated to 60 ° C with stirring and 5 g of rape lecithin (0.5%) are added. After mixing, 60 g of lard, 5 g of vegetable oil (sunflower, rapeseed, soybean, coconut) and 118 g of beef tallow (total 18.3% fat) are added and the mixture is heated to 100 ° C with stirring. The finished concentrate is then prepared according to the method of Example 1. The properties of the concentrate are the same as the product prepared according to Example 1.

Example 3

The procedure of Example 1 or 2 is followed, but using 75 kg of beef tallow, kg of pork fat (i.e. a total of 18.98% fat), 0.4 kg of coconut fat sugar (0.08% surfactant), 5 kg lecithin (1%) and 400 kg of alfalfa (79.96%). 500.4 kg of feed additive are obtained.

Example 4

The procedure of Example 1 or 2 is followed, but using 35 kg of lard,

117 kg of beef tallow (total 17.88% of fats), 3 kg of sugar-glyceride emulsifier with an HLB value of 8-9 (0.35%), 10 kg of ethoxyquinone (1.18%) in 30 kg of ethanol, 5 kg of soya lecithin / 0 , 59% (and 680 kg of alfalfa (80%)). After evaporation of the ethanol, 850 kg of feed additive are obtained.

Example 5

The procedure of Example 1 or 2 is followed, but using 30 kg of lard, kg of vegetable oil (sunflower, rapeseed, soya or coconut), 118 kg of beef tallow (total 18% fat), 2 kg of polyethylene glycol sorbite (0.24%) 10 kg of ethoxyquinone (1.18%) in 30 kg of ethanol, 5 kg of lecithin (0.59%) and 680 kg of alfalfa (80%). After evaporation of the ethanol, 850 kg of feed additive are obtained.

Example 6

The procedure of Example 1 or 2 is followed, but using 30 kg of pork fat) 1 kg of vegetable oil (sunflower, rapeseed, soy or coconut), 125 kg of beef tallow (total 20% fat), 3.4 kg of polyethylene glycol sorbite (0) 4% (9.35 kg ethoxyquinone (1.1%) in 30 kg ethanol, 4.15 kg lecithin (0.5%) and 663 kg alfalfa (78%)). After evaporation of the ethanol, 850 kg of feed additive are obtained.

Example 7

The procedure of Example 6 was followed using 4.25 kg of soya lecithin (0.5%) as lecithin.

Example

The procedure of Example 6 was carried out using 4.25 kg (0.5%) of rapeseed lecithin as the lecithin.

Example 9

The procedure of Example 6 is followed using 4.25 kg (0.5%) of sunflower lecithin as the lecithin.

Example 10

The procedure of Example 6 was followed using 663 kg (78%) of dried clover instead of alfalfa.

Example 11

The procedure of Example 6 is followed using other dried plants, such as 663 kg (78%) of hay instead of alfalfa.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION A feed additive containing nutritionally active carotenoids, in particular β-carotenoid, bound to animal or vegetable fats, from dried plants, for example of lucerne, clover or hay, characterized in that it consists of 18 to 20% by weight. from 0.08 to 0.40% by weight of fat, e.g. % surfactants, from 0.50 to 1.00 wt. % lecithin, for example soya, optionally from 1.0 to 1.2 wt. % of an antioxidant, wherein the remainder to 100 wt. they consist of vegetable flour, for example of lucerne or clover. 2. A process for the preparation of a feed additive containing nutritionally active caroteids, in particular [beta] -caroteniode, bound to animal or vegetable fats, from dried plants, for example of alfalfa, clover or hay, according to claim 1, characterized in If necessary, the antioxidant and finally lecithin are added to the mixture while stirring and keeping in the molten state, and the fat batch thus obtained is homogenized with the vegetable meal.