CS256437B1 - Hydrophilic copolymer especially for contact lenses and medicinal application and method of its production - Google Patents
Hydrophilic copolymer especially for contact lenses and medicinal application and method of its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS256437B1 CS256437B1 CS856341A CS634185A CS256437B1 CS 256437 B1 CS256437 B1 CS 256437B1 CS 856341 A CS856341 A CS 856341A CS 634185 A CS634185 A CS 634185A CS 256437 B1 CS256437 B1 CS 256437B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- glycol dimethacrylate
- diethylene glycol
- hydrophilic copolymer
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001480 hydrophilic copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OLQFXOWPTQTLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCO OLQFXOWPTQTLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004348 Glyceryl diacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019443 glyceryl diacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-yl)-2-phenylethanone Chemical compound OC(C(=O)c1cccc2Oc12)c1ccccc1 NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- NUXLDNTZFXDNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-2-methyl-4h-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2NC(=O)C(C)OC2=C1 NUXLDNTZFXDNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 28
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 alkyl methacrylate Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 102100026735 Coagulation factor VIII Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101000911390 Homo sapiens Coagulation factor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium peroxydisulfate Substances [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)OOS([O-])=O VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGBXDEHYFWDBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OOC(=O)OC(C)C RGBXDEHYFWDBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJPFRZLZSLIIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,11-dimethyldodeca-2,10-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C)=CCCCCCCC=C(C)C(N)=O LQJPFRZLZSLIIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARKDCHXUGNPHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C)=CCCC=C(C)C(N)=O ARKDCHXUGNPHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBEZRHJPYHNADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 2,3-dimethylbut-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)=C(C)C(=O)OCCOCCO RBEZRHJPYHNADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFPNZPQIIAJXGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SFPNZPQIIAJXGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000015764 Eye Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010024515 Eye Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001470 diamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C=C SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
- G02B1/043—Contact lenses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/282—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing two or more oxygen atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS856341A CS256437B1 (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Hydrophilic copolymer especially for contact lenses and medicinal application and method of its production |
| IT8621585A IT1197469B (it) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-03 | Copolimero idrofilo adatto per lenti a contatto e per applicazioni nel campo medico e metodo per la sua produzione |
| CA000517427A CA1293577C (fr) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-03 | Copolymere hydrophile pour lentilles corneennes et applications medicales, methode de production |
| GB8621275A GB2181440B (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-03 | Hydrophilic copolymer suitable for contact lenses and medical application and a method for producing thereof |
| FR868612372A FR2586690B1 (fr) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-03 | Copolymeres hydrophiles pour lentilles de contact et usage medical, et procede d'obtention de ceux-ci |
| JP61206927A JPS62116616A (ja) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-04 | コンタクトレンズ及び医療用途に適した親水性コポリマ−並びにその製法 |
| DE19863630187 DE3630187A1 (de) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-04 | Hydrophile copolymere, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS856341A CS256437B1 (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Hydrophilic copolymer especially for contact lenses and medicinal application and method of its production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS634185A1 CS634185A1 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
| CS256437B1 true CS256437B1 (en) | 1988-04-15 |
Family
ID=5410226
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS856341A CS256437B1 (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Hydrophilic copolymer especially for contact lenses and medicinal application and method of its production |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62116616A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1293577C (fr) |
| CS (1) | CS256437B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3630187A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2586690B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2181440B (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1197469B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU711609B2 (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1999-10-14 | West Pharmaceutical Services Cornwall Limited | Container for moisture-sensitive material |
| ATE219015T1 (de) * | 1994-08-05 | 2002-06-15 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Pharmazeutische produkte in behältern und verfahren zu deren entfeuchtung |
| DE10035119A1 (de) | 2000-07-19 | 2002-01-31 | Basf Ag | Teilverzweigte Polymere |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB814009A (en) * | 1956-04-24 | 1959-05-27 | Otto Wichterle | Three-dimensional hydrophilic high polymeric articles |
| DE1495381B2 (de) * | 1963-09-07 | 1971-06-24 | Czeskoslovenska akademie ved , Prag | Verfahren zur herstellung von kontaktlinsen oder kontakt linsenrohlingen aus quellfaehigen hydrogelen |
| CS150484B1 (fr) * | 1969-03-04 | 1973-09-04 | ||
| CS158458B1 (fr) * | 1972-05-02 | 1974-11-25 | ||
| GB1424587A (en) * | 1973-02-27 | 1976-02-11 | Union Optics Corp | Copolymers and hydrogels of unsaturated esters |
| JPS543738B2 (fr) * | 1974-05-27 | 1979-02-26 | ||
| JPS52102748A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-08-29 | Hoya Lens Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing soft contact lens |
| US4123407A (en) * | 1976-11-26 | 1978-10-31 | American Optical Corporation | Hydrophilic contact lens |
| DE3273355D1 (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1986-10-23 | Hoya Corp | Soft contact lens |
| CS252224B1 (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1987-08-13 | Otto Wichterle | Hydrophilic copolymer suitable eapecially for contact lenses and medicinal utilization and method of its producion |
-
1985
- 1985-09-04 CS CS856341A patent/CS256437B1/cs unknown
-
1986
- 1986-09-03 CA CA000517427A patent/CA1293577C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-03 IT IT8621585A patent/IT1197469B/it active
- 1986-09-03 FR FR868612372A patent/FR2586690B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-03 GB GB8621275A patent/GB2181440B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-04 JP JP61206927A patent/JPS62116616A/ja active Pending
- 1986-09-04 DE DE19863630187 patent/DE3630187A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8621275D0 (en) | 1986-10-08 |
| IT1197469B (it) | 1988-11-30 |
| FR2586690B1 (fr) | 1991-11-29 |
| IT8621585A0 (it) | 1986-09-03 |
| DE3630187A1 (de) | 1987-03-05 |
| CS634185A1 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
| CA1293577C (fr) | 1991-12-24 |
| GB2181440B (en) | 1990-04-25 |
| GB2181440A (en) | 1987-04-23 |
| JPS62116616A (ja) | 1987-05-28 |
| FR2586690A1 (fr) | 1987-03-06 |
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