CS258811B1 - Non-aqueous means for anchoring a preparation or mixture of preparations containing active substances used in seed dressing on the surface of a mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The non-aqueous composition contains, in addition to the active substance, solvent and secondary additives, a phenol-formaldehyde polycondensate of the novolak and/or copal type in a concentration of 2 to 55% by weight and at least one acidic substance selected from the group consisting of citric acid, phenylacetic acid, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and acid phosphate in a concentration of 0.1 to 5% by weight.

Description

The invention relates to the field of composition of non-aqueous means for anchoring a preparation or mixture of preparations containing active substances used in seed dressing on the surface of grains.

Seed treatment, as a protection against fungal and other diseases or against damage by pests, larvae, caterpillars, insects, etc. after sowing in the soil, is carried out with various preparations that are supplied in the form of powders or liquids.

The actual technological process of seed treatment is carried out in various technical devices, stationary, portable or directly modified sowing machines. The aim of all procedures is to achieve a completely uniform distribution of the preparation or mixtures thereof intended for seed treatment over the entire surface of individual grains and to firmly anchor it on the surface so that during subsequent handling, i.e. packaging, transportation, weighing, sowing and the like, there is no partial or even substantial removal of the preparation from the surface of the grain and thus its decontamination, which results in the reduction or even elimination of seed protection against diseases and pests.

In an attempt to improve the anchoring of the preparation on the grain surface, the following procedures were proposed:

- add light oils to the preparation in an amount of 1 to 3%

- mix powdered preparations with a solution of sugar molasses

—.mix preparations with water or an aqueous solution of dextrin before pickling or during the pickling process itself

- according to Czechoslovak patent 212 328, it is proposed to coat seeds with a non-aqueous composition consisting of at least one binder selected from the group comprising polystyrene, shellac, coffee wax, dissolved in organic solvents, which are ethanol, acetone, methylene chloride, and halogenated hydrocarbon, and in which active substances for seed dressing are suspended.

All the methods proposed so far do not solve the above-mentioned shortcomings or bring new problems. Additions of oils to pickling preparations slightly increase their anchoring on the surface of the grains, reduce their flowability and thus the accuracy of volumetric dosing in continuous processes. It is very easy to violate the prescribed ratio of preparation to seed and thus to soak the seed or to an insufficient dose. The addition of sugarcane molasses can affect the germination of seeds and due to the content, alkalis and increased anchoring of pickling preparations on the surface of the seeds it is not significant. However, adding a dextrin solution to the preparation has serious defects in case of overdose, when the soaked seeds of the grains stick together, especially in the case of seeds with small seeds. In addition, suspensions or solutions with the above-mentioned substances freeze at temperatures below 0 °C and cannot be worked with.

The binders proposed in Czechoslovak patent No. 212,328 are relatively expensive and difficult to obtain, or do not allow the preparation of solutions of higher concentration.

It has been found that the binders disclosed in this invention are suitable for use in forming coatings containing fungicides, optionally together with other substances, on the surface of seeds and that they eliminate the aforementioned deficiencies, increase seed germination, emergence and initial plant growth.

The subject of this invention is a non-aqueous composition for anchoring active ingredients on the surface of seeds, which contains a binder in a concentration of 2 to 55%, a solvent for the binder and one or more secondary additives, wherein the binder consists of at least one resin selected from the group comprising phenol formaldehyde condensate of the novolak and copal type and of an acid-reactive substance(s) in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, which is citric acid, phenylacetic acid, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, or acid phosphate.

The binder according to the present invention is a phenol formaldehyde and copal resin, the characteristic feature of which is solubility in lower alcohols. For this case, the phenol formaldehyde resin is prepared by condensation of phenol with formaldehyde in an acidic environment and should contain the lowest possible content of free formaldehyde, preferably below 0.1% by weight.

The resins and other components used according to this invention are inert as is evident from the following Table 1.

Table No. 1.

Resin type

1. Phenol formaldehyde condensate type novolak

2. Copal resin for lacquer

3. Control (seed without resin)

Number of germinated seeds from 100 grains linen beans soybean corn 95 96 92 98 96 96 SU3 98 95 96 92 98

The above experiments were carried out by finely spraying the binder solution over the entire surface of the seed in an amount corresponding to 0.5 litres per 100 kg of seed. The binder was prepared from the relevant resin by dissolving it in a mixture of ethyl alcohol and dichloroethane in a ratio of 4:1, with the resin concentration in the solution being 17% by weight. After the binder had dried on the surface of the grains, it was incorporated into the soil and seed germination was assessed after 6 days.

The addition of acid-reacting substances to the resin solution dissolved in a non-aqueous medium showed a favorable effect on seed germination and plant emergence.

Table 2 shows the results of experiments conducted with a binder containing phenol-formaldehyde resin of the novolak type dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and dichloroethane in a ratio of

4:1, with the resin concentration being the amount shown in the table. was 17% by weight and was added to the binder acidic Table No. 2. Acid-reacting substance Emerging plants from 50 seeds Name Contents Number 0 height Weight In ' % mass, A B in cm in g phenylacetic acid 0.4 42 4 10 20.6 1.6 45 4 10 17.7 5.0 49 1 14 36.2 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid 0.4 48 1 16 36.6 1.6 47 3 10 29.9 5.0 47 2 11 27.2 citric acid 0.4 50 - 14 37.9 1.6 49 - 11 32.1 . 5.0 50 - 15 36.0 potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.4 49 12 29.9 1.6 41 7 10 24.1 control (seed without binder) - 44 5 9 20.0

In column A, the number of emerged plants indicates fully developed plants, and in B, plants up to 5 cm tall, deformed.

The above experiments were carried out with CE 205 maize seed. The binder with dispersed fungicide was sprayed onto the surface of the seed in an amount corresponding to 0.7 liters per 100 kg.

In the control, the seed was treated with a powdered fungicide.

Table 3 shows the results of experiments with a binder containing copal medical resin dissolved in a mixture of methanol and trichloroethylene in a ratio of 4:1, with the resin concentration being 17% by weight and the acidic reacting substance in the table being added to the binder in the amount indicated.

Table No. 3.

Acid-reacting substance Name Grown plants from 100 seeds Content in % by weight number mass in g phenylacetic acid 0.2 96 53.2 0.8 97 55.2 3.5 96 54.2 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid 0.2 95 42.9 0.8 95 47.6 3.5 94 40.7 citric acid 0.2 96 60.2 0.8 98 62.8 3.5 98 61.6 potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2 95 45.3 0.8 96 41.1 control (seed without binder) 94 41.5 The above experiments were performed with bean seeds. Binder with dispersed fungicide was used

was powdered onto the surface of the seeds in an amount equivalent to 0.6 liters per 100 kg. In the control, the seeds were soaked in a powdered fungicide.

The advantage of the binders mentioned in this invention is that highly concentrated solutions up to 55% by weight can be prepared from them and thus their consumption per unit weight of seed is low. However, the practical concentration of the binder in the solution depends on a number of factors, primarily on the equipment on which the application to the unit weight of seed is carried out and its physical structure and the method by which the application is carried out.

The application of a solution of the binder and the active substance for seed dressing to the surface of the grains can be carried out in such a way that the active substance is either mixed into the binder solution to form a fine suspension and this is sprayed into the seed dressing device and the grains are applied to their surface while moving, or the binder solution is sprayed onto the surface of the grains in motion while simultaneously dosing the active substance for dressing.

The amount of binder solution applied to the seed ranges on average from 3 to 8 liters per ton of seed. In field trials for corn dressing, the consumption per ton of seed was 5 liters at a binder concentration in the solution of 18% by weight and an active ingredient dose of 1.5 kg per ton of seed.

For flax, 5 liters per ton of seed at a binder concentration in the solution of 25% by weight and a fungicide dose of 2.5 kg. Compared to other preparations, the doses of binder solution per unit of seed weight are significantly lower (see CSSR patent 212 328).

The binder preparations according to the present invention are intended for anchoring active ingredients for dressing onto the surface of seed grains with a smooth and waxy surface, especially beans, broad beans, flax, corn. The examples given below illustrate the present invention in more detail.

Example 1

6 ml of a fungicide binder solution with the following composition was sprayed on 1,000 g of corn seed:

150 wt. 500 wt.

weight 300 weight

parts phenol-formaldehyde condensate type novolak parts technical grade ethyl alcohol parts methyl alcohol parts carbon tetrachloride

12.5 parts by weight of potassium hydrogen phosphate

125 parts by weight of fungicide (Orthocid 25 W) was suspended in the binder solution by stirring. The seeds were left to dry on polyethylene foil, then placed in a cylinder and left at 60 rpm for 30 minutes. Then the amount of fungicide released was determined, and it was found to be 7% by weight. The seeds were sown in soil and, as a control, soaked with the same amount of fungicide, but without binder, 106% of germinated seeds were found.

Example 2

The broad bean seeds were sprayed with a binder solution into which the fungicide Orthocid 75 W was mixed in an amount of 187.5 g to 1,000 ml, in an amount of 8 ml per 1,000 g of seed with the following composition:

120 parts by weight of copal varnish resin

120 parts by weight of methyl alcohol

340 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol

200 parts by weight of carbon tetrachloride

190 parts by weight of acetone 20 parts by weight of phenylacetic acid 10 parts by weight of dye

After drying, the seeds were sown in the soil at the same time as a control sowing of soaked seeds without binder. The results are shown below:

% of plants emerged 0 plant height cm mass of the plant soaked seed with binder 99 11 29.4 soaked seed without binder 96 9 26.0 Example 3 In the rotating drum was flax seed, ground 0.4 liter of binder per 100 kg seeds and simultaneously dosed fungicide 0.2 kg, which contained 20% thiram. The composition of the binder solution was as follows: mass of carbendazine and 45 % wt.

310 mass parts 6 mass parts 10 mass parts 120 mass parts 214 mass parts 340 mass parts

Pernal F 1 170 ⁺ citric acid, egacid dyes, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, trichloroethylene ⁺ Pernal is the trade name of a phenol-formaldehyde resin of the novolak type dissolved in ethyl alcohol with a content of 72% by weight of resin.

The solvent was removed by air-sieving the seeds. The abrasion test showed that 5% by weight of the binder-coated grains fell off, while 40% by weight of the uncoated grains fell off. The following values were found by sowing into the soil (from 100 seeds).

Germination % Emerging plants 0 Plant height cm Weight of plants g soaked seed with binder 97 97 15.4 27.6 soaked seed without binder 94 93 12.2 20.2

Example 4

4 ml of a binder solution with the following composition was sprayed onto 1,000 g of bean seeds:

400 parts by weight of Fernal parts by weight of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

parts by weight of dye 150 parts by weight of methyl alcohol 307 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol

Then the fungicide was dosed in a total amount of 5 g and then 3 ml of the binder solution was sprayed onto the surface of the grains again. After the grains were dried, a test was carried out on the anchoring of the fungicide on the grains. It was found that the waste was 4% and the seed without binder was 47%. The seeds were tested for germination, which was 96% for seeds with binder and 87% without binder.

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Non-aqueous seed anchoring agent comprising a binder in a concentration of 2 to 55% by weight, a binder solvent and one or more secondary additives, characterized in that the binder consists of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of novolak phenol-formaldehyde condensate and copal , and from an acid reactant in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of citric, phenylootic, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and acid phosphate or a mixture thereof.