CS261082B1 - Additive for glass fiber lubrication - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution describes an additive formed by suliates of fatty amines with C8 to Ci8, oxyethylated with 5 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per 1 mole of fatty amine. Modified glass fibers are suitable for the production of transparent fiberglass.

Description

The present invention relates to a glass fiber lubricant additive comprising film formers, binders and other conventional lubricants.

Glass fibers have found widespread and ever-expanding use in various industries, construction and agriculture. In particular, the whole range of these applications is made possible by a suitable fiber surface treatment which not only allows the fibers to be fabricated, but also gives them properties according to the nature of use.

The change in surface properties of fibers and fiber-based products is achieved by the use of direct lubricants. The main component of this type of lubricant are various synthetic polymers and resins. However, the use of these coatings for fiber treatment has caused the problem of electrostatic discharge removal, which negatively affects a wide range of technologies used in the production and processing of fibers as well as in their further application. It is known that the simplest antistatic agent is water. However, most of the polymers used for surface treatment of fibers, by their chemical composition and arrangement on the surface of the fibers, prevent the absorption of water and, since most have a high surface resistance, contribute effectively to the formation of electrostatic charge.

Various hydroscopic substances have been widely used for this purpose, especially inorganic salts such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum nitrate, polyphosphates and the like. Of these inorganic salts, the most widely used is lithium chloride (cf. Aut. No. 173131, French Pat. No. 2 398 702). Inorganic salts, mainly halogens, promote corrosion of metal parts of machines and negatively affect transparency

CH, wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl radical of 8 to 18 carbon atoms and x + + y is 5 to 25.

This use of the sulfates of the present invention is based on the ability to eliminate the electrostatic charge of glass fibers during their textile or technological processing.

It is not possible to determine unequivocally by what mechanism the antistatic properties of glass fibers are improved because the mere presence of kraft anion is not sufficient and even the reduction of the coefficient of trepri in the production of fiberglass, based on unsaturated polyester resins. This phenomenon can be reduced by using ammonium chloride (Japanese Pat. Nos. 53-37 465). From these reasons, various lubricant additives are continually sought to improve the antistatic properties of the fibers. One possibility is to use the triethanolamine salts of the sulfonates of the formula

RSO ₃ H. N (CH ₂ CH ₂ OH) ₃ wherein R represents a radical of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, alkylphenyl, alkylnaphthyl and the like. They are mainly triethanolamine salts of fatty alcohol sulfates, oxyethylated fatty alcohol sulfates, oxyethylated fatty acid sulfates and alkylphenols (U.S. Pat. No. 2,429,922, Japanese Pat. No. 52-33,237). The pH of most lubricating compositions! is less than 7, the use of these compounds is limited, mainly due to the presence of cationic lubricants. For special lubrications, various crititanic acid derivatives (U.S. Pat. No. 1,494,860) have found utility as titanium acetonylacetonate, but their antistatic activity is substantially lower than when using inorganic salts. The same is true for the use of 3-hydroxyalkylamino (-2-hydroxypropyl esters of fatty acids (cf. No. 206,888).

While the preparation of these compounds is simple, their disadvantage is the need to prepare glycidyl esters of fatty acids which are not commercially available.

These drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the present invention.

The present invention provides a glass fiber lubricant additive comprising film formers, binders and other conventional lubricant additives formed from sulfates of the formula ( ^2).

The processing of the fibers does not lead to an improvement of the antistatic properties.

The disclosed sulfates are water soluble, stably within a wide pH range due to the solubilizing effect of oxyethylene units in the compound structure, and the cationic nature imparts high affinity to the anionic surface of the glass fibers. In addition to improving the antistatic properties of the fibers, the compounds have a positive effect on improving their textile properties.

The invention is further illustrated by way of examples.

261882

Example 1

Stearylamine sulphate oxyethylated with 7 moles of ethylene oxide was used as an additive in the lubrication. The base lubrication contained 3% by weight of polyvinyl acetate dispersion (dry matter 55%), 0.05% dibuylphthalate, 0.1% 3-methryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 0.1% cationic silane with a dry weight of 50 washes. formula

CH, i ^z

CCOOCH3) _{5 S} (OCH3CH3CH3CHClCO3CH3)

0.05% block ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer prepared by polyaddition of 55 moles propylene oxide to 1 mole of trimethylolpropane followed by addition of 23 moles of ethylene oxide having a hydroxyl number of 40 mg KOH / g and an average molecular weight of 4,300; % water. The lubricated glass fibers were dried at 120 ° C for 6 h and their antistatic properties were evaluated by measuring the surface potential according to US. aut. osv. No. 215 536. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 antistatic (% by weight) 0 0.05

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Surface, potential (V) 320 110

Example 2

The base lubrication contained 10% by weight polyvinyl acetate dispersion (su30 0 0 0 0)

Sera 52% / oj plasticized 20% dibutyl phthalate, 0.04% nonylphenol oxyethylated with 9 moles ethylene oxide, 0.5% aromatic · disilane formula (dry matter 50%)

CONUICH 2 Sb (OC 2 H ₅ ) ₅

0.4%, 12.5% of an acetone amineamide emulsion based on diethylenetriamine with oleic acid, different amounts of antistatic agents as in Example 1 and the remainder to 100% water. The effect of antistatic agents on fiber properties is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 antistatic (% by weight)

0,05 0,1

0.2 0.3 0.4

0.5 surface, potential (V) 560 400

Example 3

The base lubrication consisted of a concentration of 4% polyester emulsion (40% dry matter), 0.2% 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 0.05% α270 130 50 acetic acid, 0.1% coconut oil fatty acid acylpolyglycol ether with 10% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide, different amounts of antistatic agents as in Example 1, and the remainder to 100% water. The effect of antistatic agents is shown in Table 3.

Ί

310 8 2

Table 3 antistatic (θ / ο w / w)

0.1 0.3 0.5 surface, potential (V) 360

Example 4

The base lubrication consisted of a concentration of 8% vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymer (dry matter 50%), 0.2% 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.1% acid

Table 4 antistatic (% by weight) 0 surface, potential (V). 400

In general, besides improving the antistatic properties, the compounds according to the invention contribute positively to the improvement of textile properties.

Claims (1)

Additive to sintered fiber lubricants, containing carbohydrates, binders and other conventional acetic lubricants, varying amounts of antistatic agent based on cosamine sulphate (C8- _Cg ) oxyethylated with 15 moles of ethylene oxide and the remainder up to 100% . water. The effect of antistatic agents on glass fiber properties is shown in Table 4. 0.1 0.3 0.5 280 80 20 Glass fibers, mainly in reducing dustiness during processing. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A compound of the formula wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical of 8 to 18 carbon atoms and x + + y is 5 to 25.