CS261190B1 - Plants' growth stimulator and/or regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

A plant growth stimulator and/or regulator, including woody plants, consisting of 50 to 70% by weight of 2-chloro-4-butyrolactone, 25 to 40% by weight of 2,2-dichloro-4-butyrolactone and 1 to 10% by weight of 4-butyrolactone. It has uses in agriculture, forestry, ornamental shrubs and flowers.

Description

The invention relates to a stimulator or regulator of plant growth, including woody plants, based on organic oxygen compounds or chlorinated organic oxygen compounds.

In agricultural and forestry practice, many compounds have been successfully applied for a long time as physiologically active substances of the type auxins, auxinoids, kinins, gibberellins and retardants such as ethylene and abscisic acid, despite the fact that the biochemical nature of their action is still the subject of various hypotheses Audus J. J.: Plant Science Monographs. London-New York (1963); Turecka r. ch., Polykarpova f, ja.: vegetatiinnoe rozmnoženie rastenij s primenenient stimulatorov rosta, Moscow (1966). At the same time, growth regulators have different structures Appel P.,

Natr L.: Biochem. Physiol. Pfl. 1976, 169; Wegler R.: Chemie der Pflanzenschutz und Shádlingsbekámpfungsmittel, Band 4. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York (1977). Succinic acid is known as a plant growth stimulant and the biochemical effect of its action is explained by quantum biochemistry Blagoveshchenskij A. V., Rachmanov R. R.: Jantarnaja kislota i povyshenie urožaev, Tashkent (1966); Blagoveshchenskij A. V., Rachmanov R. R.: Biochemičeskaja priroda povýšenija urožajnosti s pomoščiu jantarnoj kisloty; Izdavatelstvo Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, Moscow (1970), as well as organic sludge from the anodic oxidation of aluminum, containing mainly succinic acid (Czech. author's certificate 229 411). Furthermore, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, its salts and esters (Czech Patent No. 226,318), as well as by-products from the production of cyclohexane by cyclohexane oxidation (Czech Patent No. 220,936), etc. Dichloroisobutyric acid and its salts (US Pat. No. 5,111,111) are also said to be effective growth regulators.

823 232). Diphenylurea is also an active cytokinin, which stimulates plant cell division [Bruče Μ. I., Zwar J. a.: Proc. Roy Sec. Ser. B 165, 245 (1966), NDR pat. 143 346 (1980)] as well as triacontanol, CH^(CH^)^gCH^OH, which increases corn yields when sprayed on leaves [Ries S. Κ., Vent Y. : Lcience 195 1 339 (1977)]. Root growth is stimulated by derivatives of furancarboxylic acids [Krapirin G. A. and others: Vsesojuz. Nauč. Konf. Chim. Technol. Furan. Sojed.: Tezisy Dokl. 1978, p. 104 (Riga)].

The above and other known plant growth stimulants and regulators are interesting, since they often find application in practice, but they are technically and raw material-wise difficult to obtain, or have undesirable side effects and thus still do not sufficiently address the needs of intensive agricultural plant production and forestry. Thus, the range of effective plant growth stimulants and regulators, including woody plants, is expanded by this invention.

According to the present invention, the plant growth stimulator and/or regulator is based mainly on organic halogen compounds, consisting of 50 to 70% by weight of alpha-chloro-gamma-butyrolactone, up to 40% by weight of alpha, alpha, alpha'-dichloro-butyrolactone and 1 to 10% by weight of gamma-butyrolactone.

The advantage of the plant stimulator and/or regulator according to this invention is high biological efficiency not only when applied in grain dressing, but also when applied by spraying plants with aqueous solutions, even with an active substance concentration of only 10 ^- ^% by weight. Furthermore, long shelf life, practically unlimited shelf life, while being harmless to health. Last but not least, technical availability and relatively easy formulation into dressing components of mineral fertilizers, as well as polymers and copolymers occluding seeds, grain, etc.

• and

When applying a growth stimulator and/or regulator in liquid form, in solutions of finely dispersed drops, or in powder form, together with other known components used, e.g. in the preparation and storage of seeds, its preservative effect can also be used.

However, it is most often applied in the form of solutions, especially diluted aqueous solutions with a concentration of 1.10 ² to 1.10 ^- ^ wt. %, but also in the form of dispersions, emulsions, possibly together with other organic and inorganic substances, pesticides, fertilizers, especially liquid ones, etc. It is suitable as a stimulator and/or regulator of plant growth, including woody plants.

Further characteristics of the properties of the growth stimulator and/or regulator according to the present invention, as well as further advantages thereof, are apparent from the examples.

Example 1

The well-known methodology of Murín A. and ani: Biology, series C 25« (Bratislava), 937 (1980) determines the germination and length of hybrid corn roots (F^xFj) and according to the methodology of Hojčuš and [ítojčuš R. and others: Instructions for practicing plant physiology, Nature, Bratislava (1981)J the germination and length of the hypocotyl of spring barley of the Rubín variety depending on the aqueous solution of cyclic products (I) of the following composition: 59.8 wt. % alpha-chloro-gamma-butyrolactone, 34.2 wt. % alpha _ř alpha'-dichloro-gamma-butyrolactone and 6.0 wt. % gamma-butyrolactone. The obtained results, which are the arithmetic mean of three repetitions, are summarized in Table 1.

The procedure is as follows: 30 grains of spring barley of the Rubín variety are poured into small containers containing 200 g of soil and 200 g of prepared silica sand with the same fertilization and after emergence they are unified to 20 plants. The grain is used both after soaking in distilled water (control) and after soaking in aqueous solutions of the above products 3 (I) of different concentrations. 50 g of grain is soaked in 60 cm of aqueous solution at room temperature for 24 h. In those variants where the grain was not soaked, it is applied to the plants after 7 days from germination by spraying with aqueous solutions of product (I) of different concentrations as well as neutralized in a dose of 3 cm per container. Each variant has 4 applications. The results achieved are shown in Table 2 and are the arithmetic mean of the values obtained. Statistical evaluation is done by analysis of variance. The optimal solution concentration in terms of grain germination, root length, and hypocotyl length is 1.10% by weight.

Table 1

Variant ' Concentration Corn Spring barley aqueous solution

germination length of roots germination (% by weight) (%) (*) (»)

root length (%)

Control soaked grain in distilled water 100 100 100 100 Soaked grain 1.10 ¹ 92.8 98.3 96.0 94.4 aqueous solution 1.10 ^-2 102.9 102.2 104.3 100.2 chlorinated gamma- 1.10 ^-3 117.3 109.8 119.0 109.0 -butyrolac tone 5.10 ^-3 112.7 106.0 112.9 108.8 (59.8 wt. % alpha- 1.10 ^-4 122.6 115.4 124.8 111.7 -chloro-gamma-butyro- 1.10 ^-5 116.0 115.0 120.1 109.6

lactone, 34.2% wt. alpha, alpha'-dichloro-gamma-butyrolactone and 6.0% by mass. gamma-butyrolactone,

Table 2

Type and concentration of aqueous solution % wt.

Spring barley aboveground mass - dry matter (%, grain measured by foliar application)

Check (distilled water) 100 100 Indolylacetic acid: 1.10 ^-3 111.2 110.2 1.10 ^-4 119.8 118.4

continuation of table 2

Type and concentration of aqueous solution % wt.

Spring barley aboveground mass weight - dry matter (%) grain measured by foliar application

Aqueous solution of cyclic chlorination products of gamma-butyrolactone with a concentration of:

^1.10x 106.5 109.7 I.IO ^-3 112.8 114.8 1.10 ^-4 120.8 125.9 l.io ⁵ 120.1 122.1 significance of differences: P 0.05 8.0 8.6 P 0.01 10.9 11.8

Example 2

In the experimental year 1985, the effect of growth regulators on the yield and quality of sugar beet was investigated in field conditions.

The area of one plot was 30 m, with each variant having three replications.

Fertilization was the same in all variants. The applied dose of the growth regulator solution 3 -1 was 400 dm .ha three weeks before harvest (30. 8. 1985; harvest 20. 9. 1985). 4 variants including the control were examined, namely:

1st variant - control, not treated with growth regulator;

2nd variant - with a mixture of chlorinated cyclohexyl esters of dicarboxylic acids and monocarboxylic acids C ₂ to C ₈ in aqueous solutions with a concentration of 1.10% by weight.

3rd variant - with a mixture of chlorinated derivatives of gamma-butyrolactone (I), specified in Example 1 with an aqueous solution concentration of 1.10 ^-1 % by weight.

_3

4th variant - with succinic acid with an aqueous solution concentration of 3.10% by weight and with 1.10% by weight of alpha,alpha-dichloro-gamma-butyrolactone.

The results achieved are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3

Variant Sugar beet root yield (t.ha ^-1 ) Sugar content of roots (%) Soluble ash (») 1 50.4 16.3 0.48 2 50.9 15.4 0.64 3 52.2 17.6 0.41 4 52.0 17.0 0.35

Example 3

Field experiments were conducted with spring barley, focused on studying the influence of stimulators or morphoregulators on barley growth and yield.

Conditions on the plot: soil of brown earth type - loamy, pH in KC1 = 6.70; accessible

P according to Egner = 51.2 mg.kg accessible according to Schatschabel 180.3 mg.kg ¹ ; plot area

- -1 - 10, 4-fold repetition, sowing of the Rubín variety = 3.5 million germinating grains.ha. Spraying of plants is done in the 5th growth phase according to Feekes or before heading in the amount of 400 dm.ha.

Variants:

1st control - growth not treated with morphoregulator

2. spraying the vegetation in phase 5 with an aqueous solution of gamma-butyrolactone specified in Example 1 at a concentration of 3.10% by weight, i.e. a dose of 12 g of active substance/ha

3. spraying the vegetation in the 5th phase with an aqueous solution of chlorinated gamma-butyrolactone, specified in Example 1, at a concentration of 3.10% by weight, i.e. at a dose of 1.2 g of active substance per ha \

4. spraying the crop before heading with an aqueous solution of chlorinated gamma-butyrolactone specified in Example 1 at a concentration of 3.10% by weight, i.e. at a dose of 120 g of active substance ^{per ha} .

The results achieved are summarized in Table 4.

Table 4

Variant Field trial results Grain harvest Weight of 100 grains t.ha ^-1 % 1 7.92 100 52.0 2 9.04 114.1 52.8 2 8.16 103.1 51.2 4 9.44 119.2 54.0

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Stimulator and / or plant growth regulator based mainly on organic halogen compounds, characterized in that it consists of 50 to 70 wt. % alpha-chloro-gamma-butyrolactone, 25 to 40 wt. % alpha, alpha'-dichloro-gamma-butyrolactone and 1 to 10 wt. gamma-butyrolactone.