CS261319B1 - The method of pre-felling of blanks - Google Patents

Abstract

The pre-felting method is suitable for combs made of hair and/or wool fibres, or their mixtures with artificial fibres. The combs are first pre-felted by removing them from the combing bell and placing them in groups in bags in a rotating drum, uncentrifuged. Here, the mutual impacts and movements during their rotation for 0.5 to 3 minutes and without the addition of a water bath change the anisotropic arrangement of the comb fibres to an isotropic arrangement. The combs are then centrifuged and arranged into a coil. This is strengthened by the pressure and friction of the rollers of a three-roller machine in the range of 8 to 16 passes.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for pre-felting hats in the form of combs. The combs may be of filamentary and / or woolen fibers or mixtures thereof with artificial fibers. In the pre-felting, the fibers of the individual layers of the combs are intertwined and intertwined so that they are ready for felting, for example on a multi-roll felting machine of the type

Bruyére.

One of the known methods of pre-felling hat blanks is carried out on a three-roll pre-felting machine where the hair combs are processed, which are centrifuged after being removed from the casing bells, stacked on top of each other and rolled up with a cloth. The coil is inserted between the working rolls of a three-roll pre-felting machine, the rotation of which is applied by pressure and friction to the fibers, which intertwine in the individual shells and intertwine. The roll duration is determined and monitored by a time relay for each roll of the coil through the machine. This is about 8 seconds and this passage is called a passage. After each passage, the placement of the combs in a roll changes with each other. the four passages form a so-called one cross, and after each cross, the pressure on the comb of the combs is increased by reducing the distance between the work rolls. For each type of hat products, processing is carried out in the range of 7 to 10 crosses.

The specific procedure for the least demanding smooth headgear, with 7 crosses, is as follows.

After the combing, the combs are centrifuged and unfolded. They are gripped by the edge, unfolded, folded, and the comb heads are folded in, ie to about 1/3 of the height of the comb. The folded and folded honeycomb is placed on the cloth by the edge towards the worker. The other combs are stacked so that they coincide in shape. The number of combs in the roll is determined by the total weight of the combs. The prescribed number of combs is rolled with the sail from head to edge and the roll is inserted between the rotating work rolls. The pressure of the rolls is given by the distance between the working rolls. The maximum distance is indicated on the control unit by number 1. Pre-felting lasts 8 seconds. After this time, the coil is automatically ejected from the machine. This completes 1 passage.

and

The coil is unwrapped, the combs split in half and folded over each other, i.e. the heads of one half of the combs coincide with the edge of the other half of the combs. After the coil has been rolled and inserted between the rotating working rolls, the coil is pre-felt again for 8 seconds. After this time, the second passage is finished.

The coil unfolds and the combs turn around, that is the comb that was above them down and vice versa. The roll is rolled up again and inserted between the rotating working rolls. After the roll is automatically ejected from the machine, the third passage is finished.

After unrolling the roll, the upper half of the combs is gripped and laid in the same shape on the lower half of the combs. Then all of the combs are tipped over and placed on the woolen cloth with their head facing the worker. The roll is rolled up, inserted into the machine and after the ejection is finished the 4th passage and thus the first cross.

The plastics are folded by 60 ° between individual crosses to avoid intertwining.

The procedure remains the same for Crosses 2 and 3. Only the distance between the working rolls decreases. For the 2nd Cross, the distance between rollers No. 2 is used, for the 3rd Cross No. 3, etc. up to the number 7. For the 4th, 5th and 6th crosses, the lower edge of the comb is wedged in the 4th passage. At the last seventh cross, the 4th passage is the same as the third passage.

The above-mentioned method of pre-felting hat products is disadvantageous in that it is only used for the pre-felting of hair combs and is very laborious in terms of skill and operator training.

Further, a method of pre-felting hair hat blanks in a rotary drum is known. This pre-felting method is subdivided into pre-felting operations in the rotary drum between which the folding and straightening operations of the combs are carried out simultaneously with the combing of the combs. Specifically, these operations are carried out by removing the individual combs from the polyamide bags in which the pre-felting in the rotary drum has been performed, gripping the lower edge and folding over by 60 ° to temporarily inflate the combs head. The edges of the combs are manually aligned.

Then the combs are folded again by folding the sides of the combs so that the width of the combs is divided into thirds and the height of the combs is halved by folding the top of the head to the lower edge of the comb. The combs thus assembled are put back into polyamide bags which are closed by a double knot. The polyamide bags with folded combs are reinserted into the machine working drum. After 35 ° C of warm wetting water has been filled up to the lower edge of the machine lid, the combs are wetted by briefly turning the working drum so that the lower water-soaked bags reach the top of the machine drum. The position of the honeycomb bags is changed 3 times at 15 second intervals.

This pre-felting method is less laborious and less demanding in terms of skill and operator training, but is only applicable to less demanding hat products. These are velor and less quality chamois products.

The hitherto known pre-felting of woolen blanks is predetermined by the production of woolen combs on mycoplating machines. Therefore, these combs require a completely different pre-felt on a vibratory pre-felt machine. First, the wool comb is pre-felted, by stretching it on a block with a flat circular surface covered with linen canvas, and after light steaming, applying a vibrating round hatch with the wool comb of the forehead. After removal of the pre-felt wool comb, a cotton fabric in the form of a folded comb is inserted into the comb. The woolen fabric thus prepared is placed on the bottom, heated linen-coated machine board. The honeycomb is steamed, flattened, and by pressing a vibrating metal hatch covered with linen canvas, a portion of the woolen honeycomb is pretzel. The part of the felted head and the sides of the combs must protrude outside the hatch. After sufficient felting of the combs, the hatch is made known, the comb is turned over, placed on the bottom plate again, and the comb is reeled with the pressure arm. The felt comb is removed from the machine, the cotton fabric is removed, and the comb is folded over 1/4 area. The cotton fabric is reinserted inside the honeycomb, the shape of the honeycomb is flattened, the hatch is pressed on the underside of the machine and the yet unstarted honeycomb section. After a short felting, the non-felted portion of the comb is carefully leveled on both sides and the comb is finished. After removing the comb from the machine, the comb is reversed, the cotton fabric is removed and the comb is inspected against the light. Weaker spots are immediately repaired by applying the web and felting on the steaming head.

The disadvantage of this method of pre-felting woolen combs is mainly its laboriousness and difficulty in skill and training of the operator. A non-essential disadvantage is also the fact that the pre-felting of the woolen combs must be carried out on a completely different device than the pre-felting of the hair combs. The manufacturer has to maintain considerable machine and construction investment in both hair and wool pre-felt. Due to frequent changes in the fashion trends of headgear, the current share of hair and wool stock fluctuates strongly, which in addition increases the demands on the organization of work in the respective production plant.

A substantial part of the disadvantages of the prior art pre-felting methods for hat molding is overcome by the pre-felting method of the invention. Here, the combs are consolidated non-centrifuged by the impact and movement of the combs as they rotate and grouped them in the bags and, secondly, by the pressure and friction of the working rolls of the three-cylinder preforming machine on their coil arranged after centrifugation.

The essence of the invention is that first the non-centrifuged combs are reinforced by mutual impacts and movements during rotation. This rotation is carried out for 0.5 to 3 minutes without the addition of a water bath. This changes the anisotropic arrangement of the comb fibers to an isotropic arrangement.

The combs are then centrifuged and formed into a coil which is strengthened by applying pressure and friction to the rolls of a three-cylinder machine over a range of eight to sixteen passes.

The advantage of the pre-felting method of the millinery according to the invention is that the process of pre-felting the combs on a three-roll pre-felting machine is considerably shortened.

This is achieved by upstream of a non-working honeycomb processing operation in the rotary drum. As a result, the orientation of the honeycomb fibers is changed from anisotropic to isotropic. The subsequent processing of the combs between the three working rolls is then much more efficient, since the fibers of the individual combs intertwine and intertwine at the beginning of the process in all directions. Labor productivity is thus increased.

It is also suitable to carry out the process according to the invention on the same machinery for both hair and wool fibers or their mixtures with artificial fibers. This saves machine investment and saves work space.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The details of the process of the present invention will be elucidated by the following specific examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Bags with non-centrifuged hair combs are placed in a rotary drum of a Trimor machine, for example, and without the addition of water, the orientation of the wet comb fibers is changed for 120 seconds. After a subsequent 30-second centrifugation, the bags are removed from the rotary drum and transported to a three-roll pre-felting machine where only 3 crosses are made between the working rolls, i.e. 12 passages. The sequence of operations of the individual passages is essentially the same as the prior art, and therefore the operations are briefly described. The main difference is in the setting of the distances between the working cylinders for each cross.

The first cross is made by placing the folded and folded combs along the edge of the cloth, the combs and the cloth with a seam from head to edge, and insert the roll between the rotating work rolls. The distance between the working rolls is set to control stage number 2. In the second passage, the combs are split in half and folded over each other crosswise. In the third passage, the combs are turned so that the upper comb becomes the lower one, and vice versa, in the fourth passage, the combs are placed head towards the worker. After the 4th passage, i.e. the 1st cross, the individual combs are folded by 60 °.

The 2nd cross is performed at the distance of the working cylinders No. 4 and the change is only in the 4th passage, where the edges of the combs are also wedge-shaped. After finishing the 2nd cross, the individual combs are folded by 60 °.

The 3rd cross is carried out at the distance of the working cylinders No. 6 and the change is again in the 4th passage, which is done in the same way as the 3rd passage, that is, the combs are only turned.

The pre-felted blanks can be further treated with a non-wet felt by a milling machine, such as a Bowe type, in organic solvents.

Said combs for hairy smooth hats, especially for men, can be advantageously processed in this way.

Example 2 bags with und centrifuged woolen combs are placed in a rotary drum of a machine, for example of the Trimor type, and without addition of water, the orientation of the wet comb fibers is changed for 60 seconds. After a subsequent 30-second centrifugation, the bags are removed from the rotary drum and transported to a pre-felting machine with 2 work rolls and 1 transport roll where crosses are made in the same manner as in Example 1, only the work roll distances are different. For the 1st cross, the distance between the working rollers is set to 1, for the 2nd cross to No. 3 and for the 3rd cross to No. 5. This makes the honeycomb pre-felt and ready for shortened wet felting, ie 10 passes on a Bruyere machine and fulling on multi-cylinder machines such as Strojtex.

with

Said method is particularly suitable for men's woolen products.

Example 3 bags with non-centrifuged hair or wool combs are placed in a rotary drum of a machine, such as a Trimor type, and without addition of water, the orientation of the wet comb fibers is changed for 60 seconds. After a subsequent 30-second centrifugation, the bags are removed from the machine and transported to a three-roll pre-felting machine where only 3 crosses are made in the same manner as in Example 1. This makes the combs ready for fulling on multi-roll machines such as Strojtex.

This example is suitable for chamois hair products weighing 160-290 g.

Example 4 bags with non-centrifuged hair combs are placed in a rotary drum of a Trimor machine, for example, and without the addition of water, the orientation of the wet comb fibers is changed for 180 seconds. After a subsequent 30-second centrifugation, the bags are removed from the rotary drum and disposed of to a three-roll pre-felting machine where 2 crosses are made, i.e. 8 passages.

The first cross is made by placing the folded and folded combs along the edge of the cloth, the combs and the cloth with a seam from head to edge, and insert the roll between the rotating work rolls. The distance between the working rolls is set to control stage 2.

In the second passage, the combs are split in half and folded over each other crosswise. In the third passage, the combs are rotated so that the upper comb becomes the lower one, in the fourth passage the combs are placed head towards the worker. After the fourth passage, the first cross, the individual combs are folded by 60 °. The second cross is made at the distance of the work rollers No. 5 and the change is only in the fourth passage, which is done in the same way as the third passage, that is, the combs only rotate. The preformed blanks are ready to be stamped on a stamping machine such as the Bowe type in organic solvents.

In this way, the processing of hair plastics intended for quality chamois and velor products is processed.

Example 5 bags with non-centrifuged hair or wool combs are placed in a rotating drum of a machine, for example of the Trimor type, and without the addition of water, the orientation of the wet comb fibers is changed for 30 seconds. After a subsequent 30-second centrifugation, the bags are removed from the machine and transported to a three-roll pre-felting machine where 2 crosses are made, i.e. 8 passages in the same manner as in Example 4, only the working roll length is extended from 8 to 10 seconds and distance between work rolls, it is set to # 2 for the first cross and # 4 for the second cross. This makes the combs ready for further felting, for example on Bruyere-type multi-roll felting machines.

In this way, hair combs intended for women's smooth and chamois articles or wool combs where short wool fibers have been used are preferably processed.

Claims (1)

Process for pre-felting hats and / or wool fibers, or mixtures thereof with artificial fibers, in which the combs are consolidated not centrifuged by mutual impacts and movements during their rotation and in their group arrangement in bags and on the other hand by pressure and friction of working rolls machines for their roll after spinning, characterized in that the non-centrifuged combs are initially solidified by reciprocal impacts and movements during their rotation for 0.5 to 3 minutes without the addition of a water bath, thereby changing the anisotropic configuration of the comb fibers to an isotropic arrangement, then the combs are centrifuged, made into a roll which is strengthened by the pressure and friction of the rolls of the three-cylinder machine in the range of 8 to 16 passages.