CS261809B1 - Spruce Lure Tooth Lure - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to a means for attracting the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, containing 1.0 to 10.0 % by weight (S)-cis-verbenol, 80.0 to 98.9 % by weight 2-methyl-3-toutin-2-ol and 0.1 to 10.0 % by weight 3-methylene-1,6-noinadien-5-ol.

Description

The invention relates to a composition for attracting the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, containing (S)-cis-verbenol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol and 3-methylene-1,6-nonadien-5-ol.

Current practice uses pheromones and pheromone preparations in the protection of spruce stands against spruce bark beetles in essentially two ways, direct and indirect. Indirect involves the detection and determination of population density, which helps in decision-making and the need and type of subsequent intervention. Direct involves mass trapping capable of effectively reducing the density of the spruce bark beetle population and bringing it under control.

Both methods of use use pheromones as active substances, released from evaporators placed in suitable traps. The main components of the hemocommunication systems of lycopods are known to be:

cls-verbenol,

2-methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadien-4-ol (ipsdienol),

2-methyl-6-methylene-7-octen-4-ol (ipsenol) (Science 154, pp. 3748, 509-510, 1966), trans-verhenol, verbenone, myrtenol, transmyrtenol,

2-phenylethanol, (J. Chem. Ecol. 10, 1029, 1984) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (Naturwissenschaften 64, 98, 1977).

A known agent for its attraction, containing cls-verbenol, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and possibly also ipsdienol (CS No. 196 414), is based on the knowledge of the mutual synergization of individual components of the natural pheromone communication system of the spruce bark beetle.

Primary spruce bark beetle attractants produced by spruce host trees are also known, for example:

monoterpepic hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes - and sesqualterpenic hydrocarbons.

The use of synthetic attractants, which are not components of the natural communication system of this pest, are not known - nor are they primary attractants produced by host plants, and which can be used for a given purpose alone or in mixtures with pheromones or primary attractants, represents a qualitatively new approach to the solution of lignification of the sap-eater.

The subject of CS No. 244 985 and CS (PV 5988-85) is a means for attracting spruce bark beetles consisting of (S)-cls-verbenol, a primary attractant, an alkynol of the general formula I

Rye

Rl—C—C=CH (lj

OH where

R1 and R2 independently of one another are methyl, ethyl and/or xylene.

The subject of SU No. 683 046 is the use of 3-ketobutanol, 3-epoxybutan-2-ol and 2-methyl-2-epoxypropanol as attractants for spruce bark beetles. Dienols derivatives of the general formula II R-CH—CH2—C—OH = CH2 (II) are also known as attractants for spruce bark beetles (SU No. 730 333).

I I

OH CH2 in which

R represents the group CH3—CH2—CH=CH— or

CH3—CH=C—

I

CH3

The subject of SU No. 692 122 is a spruce bark beetle attractant containing ipsenol, ipsdienol and trans-verbenol, which, in order to increase its effectiveness, also contains:

3-ketobutanol,

3-epoxybutan-2-ol,

2-methyl-2-epoxypropanol, citronellol and heavy fractions of essential oils from spruce. The attractive effect of the mixture of 2-methyl-3-buten-3-ol with (S)-cis-ver-benoyl can also be increased by adding xylene CS 255 251.

It has now been found that the effectiveness of a spruce bark beetle attractant, one component of which is (S)-cis-verbenol, a naturally occurring pheromone, and the other 2-methyl-3-butyn-'2-ol, a synthetic, non-naturally occurring compound, can also be significantly synergized by the addition of another synthetic, non-naturally occurring substance, namely

3- methylene-1,6-nonadien-5-ol. This potentiation of the effect is more pronounced in practical conditions, i.e. directly in the field, where the natural population of the pest is located, than in laboratory olfactometric stations, where there are artificial conditions, short distances, relatively high concentrations of the mixture, etc.

The agent according to the invention can be used as an active component of a device for monitoring and trapping spruce bark beetles. It is advantageous to apply the active components in such a way that their release into the environment is controlled in terms of both their presence and the release time, which can be achieved, for example, by using alufan wick evaporators (CS No. 210 299), in which the active substances are incorporated into a pulp carrier and are delivered to the environment by means of a wick. This bait can be advantageously applied to a barrier-type trap (CS No. 242 257), where the baited insect hits the walls arranged in a cross and is caught through the funnel-shaped part of the trap into the collection container and subsequently dies. The effect is so selective that it does not require further modifications to the trap.

The following examples illustrate, but do not limit, the subject matter of the invention.

The following substances were used in the experiments:

I. S-cis-verbenol

II. 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol

III. 2-methyl-3-toutin-2-ol

IV. 2-methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadien-4-ol

V. 3-Methylene-1,6-nonadien-5-ol Example 1

The pheromone effect of the mixture, in which 2 important active substances are synthetically prepared and are not known in nature, was verified in laboratory conditions using Walkway olfactometry. The intensity of the reaction was evaluated and expressed by the number of reacting lycovores. The experiments used lycovores from the spring swarming from the Dechtice site. The experiments used 20 individuals for each variant in 3 repetitions. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Attractant effect of pheromone mixtures on woodlice in olfactory microscopy

Average values from 3 repetitions

Mixture labeling Percentage I representation II test substances in mixtures in Number of responding individuals III IV 1 5.0 95 13.7 2 4.5 95 0.5 14.0 3 4.5 95 0.5 15.6 4 6.0 89 5.0 14.3 5 5.0 85 10.0 14.5 6 4.5 95 0.5 13.8 7 100 2.0 8 100.0 1.0 9 100.0 3.0

Example 2

Field experiments were carried out in the Smolenice hunting reserve west of the village of Dechtice at an altitude of 300 to 350 m. The stand consisted of 60 to 80 percent spruce trees aged 80 to 85 years, the rest were equally old pine trees. The active substances were applied to insect baits placed on barrier traps, which were spaced about 20 m apart and 25 m from the stand wall. The experiments were carried out during the so-called spring swarming period from 24. 4. to 15. 6. 1986. The results of the field experiments shown in Tables 2 and 3 indicate that 3-methylene-1,6-nonadien-5-ol significantly potentiates the attracting effect of the basic mixture (/S/-ci>s-verbeno!

+ 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol] depending on the dose. Lower doses potentiate the effect in the first days after application, higher doses become more pronounced after several weeks.

Table 2

Results of experiments in the locality of Dechtice The experiment was established on April 24, 1986

Mixture Number of deviant individuals/trap Σ 0 May 4th May 8th 1 70 110 180 90.0 3 150 132 282 141.0 4 134 140 274 137.0 5 100 109 209 104.5

I

Table 3

Results of experiments in the locality of Dechtice

Attempt established on 4. 5. 1986

Results determined on May 8, 1986

Mixture Number of deviant individuals/trap V 0

1st op. 2nd op.

1 165 221 3 221 235 4 275 301 5 633 610

386 193.0 956 228.0 570 1288.0 1,243 621.5

SUBJECT

Claims (3)

261809 Ί 8 Table 3 Dechtice Experiment Results Experiment Established May 4, 1986 Results Established May 8, 1986 Mix Number of Captured Animals / Trap V 0 1. Opposite. 2. the opposite. 1 165 221 3 221 235 4 275 301 5 633 610 ARTICLES Ips typographus lure bark preparation for (S) -cis-verenol, 2-methyl-3-butin-2-ol and 3-methylene- characterized in that 386,193.0,956,228.0,576 1288.0,143,621.5% EXTRACTES contain 1.0 to 10.0% by weight of 1, 6-nonadiene-5-ol; (S-cis-verbenol, 80.0-98.9% by weight of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol and 0.1 to 10.0% by weight). 3-methylene-1,6-nonadiene-5-ol. Severografia, n. P. Plant 7, Most Price 2,40 Kcs