CS274054B1 - Oil for metals working - Google Patents

Abstract

This oil for metalworking is designed for fine operations, particularly superfinishing and fine grinding. Aside from low viscous petroleum oil it contains a neutralisation component, which can be amines, alkanol amines or basic detergent-dispersion additives. The presence of tensides in the oil allows cleaning of parts after operations by rinsing with water and esters of higher fatty acids and modifies the lubrication characteristics of the oil.

Description

The present invention relates to a metal working oil, in particular a precision operation, which provides a low roughness after treatment, a clean and corrosion-free surface.

In different industries, metals are machined! to provide the desired shape and surface smoothness. For this purpose, as well as for leaching the grains from the grinding wheel, oils are used, predominantly low viscous and often containing additives to achieve the desired properties. The most widespread are superfinishing fluids, a kind of fine grinding that resembles polishing after surface operation. Superfinishing fluids must have the desired cutting and lubricating properties, must wash out the particles broken out of the blade as well as the particles from the workpiece and also have a cooling function. Many superfinishing fluids have a low lifetime, build up deposits on machines and components, glue off superfinishing stones, and stain on components. The cause of these negative phenomena lies in the composition of the machining fluids, their aging and in the interaction with the sulfur which is part of the superfinishing stones. In addition to the low-viscosity oil, the fine metal working fluid contains rapeseed oil as the main ingredient. During the work there are reactions with sulfur, oxidation-polymerization reactions.

As a result of this aging, rubber deposits are formed and the acid number of the fine metal working oils also increases. Corrosion is caused not only by the acids formed during the aging of oils, but also by the sulfur substances - products of reaction of sulfur with hydrocarbons or additives.

These deficiencies are overcome by metal working oil which contains petroleum oil having a viscosity at 20 ° C of 2 to 100 mm ² s ^-3 , a flash point of more than 56 ° C and a freezing point of less than 0 ° C and 0.01 to 5%. wt. an amine having a carbon number in the range of 6 to 18 or a mixture thereof with an alkanolamine. The oil may also contain 0.1 to 5 wt. a petroleum sulphonate, alkylphenolate or alkyl salicylate Ba, Ca, Mg detergent dispersant having an alkaline reserve of greater than 5 mg KOH / g, may also contain higher fatty acid esters in an amount of 0.01 to 5 wt.

Neutralizing components, such as amines, alkanolamines or detergent dispersants containing an alkaline reserve, play a very important role in the oil. They neutralize the acidic, corrosive substances produced during the oxidation and elemental sulfur reactions from the material by which the machining of the components is carried out. The service life of such oils is many times greater than in the prior art, as a result of the replacement of the unsuitable component of rapeseed oil with other, more suitable additives. E.g. The octadecylamine which the invention recommends is an anticorrosive agent, in addition to its neutralizing function, it has the property of forming a cationic surfactant with a lower molecular acid or other oil aging product. In addition, it very well meets the requirement of a lubricant.

The use of surfactants in oil for oils can be washed with water as needed using hot alkaline solutions metal working has the advantage that the metal part is cold, while in the prior art the washing

In the following examples, metals.

disclose some processing oil applications

Example 1

The oil for the working of metals was prepared by the bearing of the starting oil Yes (99% wt.) The viscosity at 20 ° C of 5.923 mm ^{2 -} ^, flash point 91 ° C, pour point -12 ° C, and octadecylamine (1% by weight, ). The liquid of the above composition was used for metal processing in the KM 100 superfinishing machine. However, the lifetime of the liquid according to the invention increased sixfold compared to Honol Vl. The machine's working surfaces remained clean throughout the operation of the liquid.

CS 274 054 Bl

Example 2

A superfinishing liquid of the following composition was used:

-984 wt. petroleum oil having a viscosity at 20 ° C of 7.285 mm ² s, a pour point of -10 ° C and a flash point of B6 ° C

- 1.9 wt. dicyclohexylamine

0.1 wt. surfactants

The superfinishing fluid was put into the KM 40, roughness being roughly the same as with the HONOL V-1 superfinishing fluid. The metal abrasive impurities and broken grains from the superfinishing stones were filtered off. The life of the oil was 5-fold relative to the HONOL V-1 superfinishing fluid. The cleanliness of the machine has been maintained throughout its use. The filters were easy to clean and did not need to be replaced, nor were they cleaned during the next Water Rinse cycle. In an old superfinishing liquid, the components cannot be washed with hot aqueous solution of Alkon A (30% by weight sodium phosphate, 70% by weight sodium silicate). They were not clean enough with HONOL V-1 liquid used 3 weeks after washing in hot trichlorethylene vapors. The use of the superfinishing liquid of the present invention has improved the quality of the superfinishing components and has been maintained throughout the life of the new liquid. The cost of superfinishing has dropped substantially and was a small fraction of the cost compared to the old superfinishing liquid.

Example 3

The liquid used was:

- 96 wt. of petroleum oil having a viscosity at 20 ° C of 41.22 mm ² with a pour point of -8 ° C, a flash point of 155 ° C

-34 wt. cyclohexylamine

-14 wt. surfactants

The superfinishing fluid was loaded into a Thielenhouse machine where the bearing rings were machined. Roughness was lower than that of HONOL V-1 (Ra roughness was 0.02 µm). The filters were easy to clean throughout the period of use. The cleanliness of the machine was maintained for the entire period of use of the liquid. If necessary, it could be cleaned with cold water rinsing. The cleanliness of the parts so washed was higher than after cleaning in hot Alkon A solution. The lifetime of the new superfinishing agent was more than 6-fold compared to the HONOL V-1 superfinishing liquid or petroleum gas with oil.

Example 4

For fine grinding, the following composition liquid was used:

- 95 wt. of petroleum oil having a viscosity at 20 ° C of 5.731 mm ² with a flash point of 61 ° C, a freezing point of -12 ° C

- 2.75 wt. calcium petrosulfonate (TBN 150 mgKOH / g)

- 0.2 wt. octadecylamine

- 0.05 wt. triethanolamine

- 2 wt. partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil

The lifetime of the liquid was extended to 8-fold. The metal particles were separated by a magnetic filter, otherwise impurities by mechanical filters. The cleanliness of the equipment and components was very good all the time. After grinding, the components do not have a susceptibility to corrosion as in example

CS 274 054 B1 padc using H0N0L V-1.

Claims (3)

CLAIMS 1. Metal working oil, characterized in that it comprises petroleum oil having a viscosity of 2 to 100 µm ² s -1 at 20 ° C, a flash point of more than 56 ° C, a freezing point of less than 0 ° C and 0.01 to 100 ° C. 5 wt. an amine having a carbon number in the range of 6 to 10 or a mixture thereof with an alkanolamine. 2. The oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains from 0.1 to 5 tons by weight. petroleum sulphonate, alkylphenolate or alkyl salicylate Ba, Ca, Mg detergent-dispersant with an alkaline reserve higher than 5 mg KOH / g, 3. Oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains esters of higher fatty acids in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight as lubricant component.