CS277523B6 - Cationic fabric softener - Google Patents

Abstract

The cationic fabric softener is composed of a 15 to 30% aqueous dispersion of acetates or methosulfates of polyamine condensates with fatty acids, which is stabilized by the addition of 0.2 to 10% by weight of substances of formula I and/or II and/or III, where R is alkyl or alkenyl C8 to C20, preferably C15 to C17.

Description

The invention relates to a cationic softening composition with high stability of the aqueous dispersion given by the cationic dispersant used.

The share of man-made fibers in textile products is constantly growing. However, in addition to dimensional stability, a cheaper raw material base, a wide range of colors and a number of other advantages, they are also characterized by a significantly less pleasant feel, a harder surface and a negative electrostatic effect. Therefore, the treatment of textiles with a softening and antistatic aid is increasing in both industrial processing and domestic use. Softeners increase the feeling of softness of the fabric and reduce the formation and formation of electrostatic charge. By choosing the type of fabric softener, it is then possible to achieve either a very permanent, difficult-to-wash or easy-to-wash fabric softener.

Recently, textile auxiliaries based on compounds with two nitrogen atoms or their compounds with epichlorohydride have been prepared. After reacting with fatty acid aminoamides, these substances retain the ability to bind to cellulose fibers. They can be used for coloring and printing settings. Thanks to the long hydrophobic chain of fatty acids, they also have a significant and difficult-to-wash softening effect, see Czechosl. Author's Certificates Nos. 260 709 and 261 907. However, these compounds are quite expensive in terms of raw materials. In addition, in many applications, especially in the textile industry, it is desirable to remove the fabric softener from the textile material by a further technological step.

Cationic substances derived from fatty acids have been used as fabric softeners for several decades. Most often, an aminoamide (condensate) of a fatty acid with 12 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule is formed. The resulting condensate is dispersed in water and the remaining reactive amine groups are quaternized with, for example, dimethyl sulfate, benzyl chloride and / or reacted with acids such as acetic acid to acetates.

The final product is a dispersion of the active substance in water. The rheological properties of the dispersion, such as its homogeneity, stability and viscosity, of course significantly affect the quality of the commercial product. As is known, the qualitative features of the dispersion are determined by: 1. particle size and distribution, 2. presence of electrolytes, 3. emulsifier used. The particle size and stability of the dispersion is important not only in the evaluation of the final product, but its quality and properties of the dispersion will be significantly reflected in the preparation stage. Achieving a stable dispersion with the smallest possible particles obviously affects the reaction time between the condensate and the quaternizing agent. Due to the cationic nature of the final product, the most common anionic emulsifiers cannot be used. They are most often used; ionic surfactants of the alkylpolyglycol ether or alkylphenolpolyglycol ether type. Dispersion time and chemical reactions significantly affect the economics of product preparation. The easy washability of nonionic surfactants can impair the application properties of the resulting fabric softener.

It has now been found that as a dispersant of acetates or methosulphates of condensates of polyamines with fatty acids which contain 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule, cationic substances having the composition:

1- (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) -1- [2-hydroxy-3-N- (1-hydroxy-5-acylamido-3-azapentyl) propyl] imidazolium sulfate of formula I,

C1CH "-CH-CH" CH? = CH-CH _O N | j |

OH OH CH 2 -CH 2 -NHCOR

1- (2-hydroxy-3-N- (1-hydroxy-5-acylamido-3-azapentyl) propyl) -3- (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) imidazolium sulfate of formula II,

CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH (II) 1- (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) -3- [2-hydroxy-3-N- (1-hydroxy-5-acylamido-3-azapentyl) propylimidazolium sulfate formulas

III,

N

CH ₂ -CH-CH ₂ -N-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -NHCOR

OH

CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH with ₄ (III)

CH ₂ -CH-CH ₂ Cl

OH, or other mixtures thereof, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl, C _g to C _20, preferably C ₁₅ to C _17, in an amount of 0.2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the resulting softener composition.

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Example 1

1,500 parts by weight of water and 80 parts by weight of water are introduced into a stirred reactor. 96% acetic acid. 85 parts by weight are dissolved in the acetic acid solution. 45% aqueous alcoholic solution of a mixture of substances I, II, III.

The alkyl mixtures of substances I, II, III form a fatty acid residue from vegetable oleic acid, which corresponds to a carbon chain with 13 to 21 carbon atoms. The maximum consists of unsaturated acid residues having 18 carbon atoms. 365 parts by weight of the emulsifier acetylation solution thus prepared are dispersed. 1.5 bis (stearoylamido) -3-azapentane (R-CONH-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -NH-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -NHCOR).

The temperature of the reaction mixture is adjusted to 60-65 ° C, 5 parts by weight of potassium nitrate are added and stirred with an anchor stirrer for 3 hours. The acetate concentration in the sample thus prepared was 22.31% by weight, the stabilizer content was 2% by weight. The stability of the dispersion was evaluated by blasting for 10 minutes with increasing gravitational acceleration (g). The product according to the invention was still homogeneous under these conditions at g = 20, but the product stabilized with a conventional non-ionic emulsifier still separated under these conditions.

Example 2

1,500 parts by weight of water and 80 parts by weight of water are introduced into a stirred reactor. 96% acetic acid. Dissolve 125 parts by weight of a 45% solution of a mixture of substances I, II, III in which R was a mixture of oleyl and stearyl in an acetic acid solution. The rest consists of coconut fat acids with diethylenetriamine. After 2 hours, a mixed dispersion containing 445 parts by weight resulted. 1,5-bis (alkanoylamide) -3-azapentane and 1,5-bis (alkenoylamide) -3-azapentane, wherein the alkyl and alkenyl contain 8 to 18 carbon atoms. The sample thus prepared contained 2% by weight of stabilizer and 21.41% by weight of acetate. The stability of the dispersion was again evaluated by the effect of higher gravitational acceleration (g). The product according to the invention was homogeneous after 10 minutes at g = 40, while the standard product with a nonionic emulsifier had already decomposed at g = 20.

Example 3

Following the procedure of Example 1, a fabric softener was prepared with 22% bis (stearoylamidoethyl) methylammonium stethosulfate prepared by quaternizing 1.5 bis (stearoylamino) -3-azapentane with dimethyl sulfate. The preparation was stabilized with 3% by weight, mixtures of substances K, L, M. The softening effect was evaluated subjectively, by assessing the feel of 10 respondents. Of these, 90% rated the higher fabric softening effect of the product of this example compared to the same formulation that was stabilized with alkyl polyglycol ether. The stability of the dispersion was again evaluated in the gravitational field of the centrifuge. The product of the example had 35% higher stability than when the same amount of nonionic emulsifier was applied.

Claims (1)

Cationic softener based on acetates or methosulphates of condensates of polyamines with fatty acids containing 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule, characterized in that a 15 to 30% aqueous dispersion of said acetates or methosulphates is stabilized by the addition of 0.2 to 10% by weight . 1- (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) -1- [2-hydroxy-3-N- (1-hydroxy-5-acylamido-3-azapentyl) propyl] imidazolium sulfate of formula I