CS48092A3 - Regeneration process of substrates containing micro-organisms - Google Patents

Description

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A method for regenerating substrates containing microorganisms

Technical field

The present invention relates to a method for regenerating substrates containing microorganisms.

Background Art

Crude oil fractions at room temperature are of great importance for supplying stationary and mobile energy consumers. Supplying by pipeline or cistern-road or rail. Throughout these liquid fractions, oil fractions are carried out by road transports, the traffic of which is very cautious in the handling of the environment, especially in the case of accidents caused, for example, by overheating of bearings in the wheels or in road accidents of vehicles, to the environment by oil derivatives. If these products get into the waterways, surface barriers and the simultaneous binding of oil or benzine to the corresponding masses or the extraction of petroleum products from the water surface can prevent contamination of wide areas.

If petroleum products enter the sand, aggregates, or soil, they are taken up by these substrates, and are gradually slowly displaced by water. Such long-term action can lead to severe contamination of groundwater, so that groundwater becomes inedible. Thus, in the event of accidents, the contamination of the substrates is usually prevented, and the contaminated substrates are excavated and introduced to a special treatment. Such a special treatment is carried out, for example, by extraction, or by thermally treated substrates, in which the petroleum products are burnt off. In both cases, a sterile substrate is obtained, so if, for example, ff is to be returned for agricultural purposes, it must be "recovered". 2

Numerous microorganisms are known which are capable of degrading liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons and converting them into proteinaceous material. Furthermore, it is known that microorganisms undergo an adaptation process and are able to degrade even increasing concentrations of even harmful, toxic substances, such as phenols, without disrupting microorganisms. Also, microorganisms which, as a natural mixture, are in substrates such as soil, sand or aggregate, are capable of degrading petroleum products. Degradation is slow, and additional measures are needed. In order to increase the rate of degradation, it is already known to add mixed cultures to the contaminated oil product soils, for example in wine grounds or such nutrients in the form of composts. However, the drawback of these known processes is that they run relatively slowly and, moreover, with the decreasing concentration of petroleum products, it is degraded so slowly that it must

performing long-term treatment of contaminated substrates to finally achieve complete removal of petroleum products from the substrate. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for the regeneration of microorganism-containing substrates which allows the degradation of petroleum products, particularly in the case of room temperature, by naturally occurring microorganisms, thereby obtaining a natural substrate with respect to both its composition and microorganisms. A further object of the present invention is to accelerate the degradation of petroleum products in the substrate compared to prior art processes. Another object of the present invention is to provide as short-lived concentrations of petroleum products in substrates as possible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The nature of the method of regenerating substrates containing microorganisms such as soils and sands that are contaminated up to 80 ° C, and particularly at room temperature with liquid petroleum products and petroleum fractions, such as fuel oils, wherein the substrate is mixed by fermentation, particularly aerobic considerations of microorganisms . naphtha and in particular hydrocarbons, with nutrients and the mixture being subjected to fermentation, is based on the invention that the contaminated substrate is a 0.1% to 5%, and in particular 0.5% and more preferably 0.5%, by weight of the mixture sesterified by the mass of microorganisms up to 2.0% and during fermentation the water content is maintained at a level of at least 5.0%, and in particular 10.0 to 15.0%, by the addition of the sterilized mass of microorganisms, the growth of microorganisms, the naturally occurring, particularly beneficial supply of nutrients, is produced wherein the sterilized microorganisms prevent the growth of the microorganisms naturally present in the substrate and that the other strain does not dominate, and no artificial fertilization of the contaminated substrate is carried out at a low concentration of 0.1 to 5.0%, but only slightly increases Preferred Boundary, 0.5 to 2.0% by weight, of sterile microorganisms op optimizes the unwanted volume gain by optimizing the nutrient supply of sterile matter

If the water content is maintained at least 5.0% by weight during the fermentation and especially 10.0 to 15.0% by weight, it is ensured on the one hand that the liquid petroleum fractions remain in the substrate and that, on the other hand, high growth of microorganisms is desired.

If the microorganism mass is heat-sterilized prior to mixing with a substrate, in particular steam and especially at least 105 ° C, on the one hand, the admixture will not be introduced into the substrate by any growth-inhibiting substances in the substrate, while on the other hand, sterile sterilization, especially sterilization steam reaches the disturbance of microorganisms, making it easier to access nutrients. 4

When microorganism masses, especially mycelium extracted from antibiotic production, are used, especially from the production of penicillin, a particularly valuable nutrient is added, which has already proven to be an additive to the soil, especially for greening spots and the like, with a particularly high nutrient content per unit weight.

When fining sludges of biological water purification units are used as microorganism masses, numerous different nutrients are supplied while at the same time practically physiologically treating such fining sludge.

If the sand-based mixture is fermented while maintaining the weight ratio of the sand to the substrate, particularly the contaminated soil 1: 4 to 2: 1, a particularly good dispersion of the microorganism mass can be obtained based on the particle structure of the sand, with porous structure being particularly readily available, e.g. for supplying oxygen and extracting the produced gases.

If, at the beginning of fermentation, mixtures of at most 5.0% by weight, especially at most 2.5% by weight, are used, the damage to the microorganisms naturally occurring in the soil is avoided while adaptation of microorganisms is achieved. In addition, a particularly high concentration can achieve particularly rapid degradation.

If soil-containing propylene products are added to the mixtures during fermentation at a concentration higher than that of the fermented mixture, the already adapted microorganisms can rapidly break down the petroleum products, introducing the young population of microorganisms occurring in the natural substrate.

If, prior to the addition of the contaminated substrate, the partially fermented mixture, a portion of this partially fermented mixture is removed and mixed with the low concentration petroleum products in particular and fermented, a quasi continuous process can be achieved with the individual stages. 5, while always ensuring that the fermentation broth to the second total mass of the processed material, the concentration from the single fermentation site decreases and the substrate remains constant, with the highest fermentation concentration at the beginning of fermentation, and the concentration of petroleum products at its lowest, so that the last fermentation site always has the lowest concentration desired at the end petroleum products.

The acceleration of the fermentation can be achieved by newly sterilizing the mass of microorganisms in the fermentation, preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0%, in particular 0.5 to 2.0%, based on the total weight of the mixture.

If the mixture is fermented with straw chop, wood wool and similar materials, it is particularly advantageous to supply the gases to be removed, whereby the cellulose-enriching microorganisms are enriched in the substrate.

If the mixture is turned over during fermentation

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The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting Examples. EXAMPLES Example 12 12 kg of garden 6 kg of sand from a grain size of 0.5 mm to technique. It is replaced by 324 goules of boiling point 180 in Schwechat, whereupon the mass concentration of hydrocarbons nana is set to dry weight.

Mixing the soil in a sandpit horticulture in Ganseřdorf, 2.0 mm, in a mixer known from the super light fuel 360 ° C mixture of OMV refinery, mixes the mixture again in a mixer so that it is 1.8% / 15%. Three mixtures of the above type are left in the hall at a temperature of 22 ° C in three open weekly overturning openings 22. In Table J, the numbers represent the mean values of three measurements, similar to the following examples. Extremely high fuel oil content.

The water content is adjusted, similar to the following at the end of the mixture at the beginning of the week at 15% Z. tables is%. week is 3 to 12% obvious that in the first two months the decrease in the oil content is always about 0.2%, whereas later this decrease decreases to about 0.1% per month, whereas the decrease in oil content is extraordinary since the eighth month . Example 2

The mycelium of the fungus, which is a by-product of the production of penicillin, is used in the mixture of Example 1 for the use of the fungus Chichogenum chrysogenum from Biochemie Kund! in Tyrol is a commercial product known as " Biosol ". The microorganism-containing mass is adjusted so that the fuel oil content by weight is 1.3% and the microorganism mass is 0.75%, the fuel oil content in the substrate decreases particularly strongly in the first month, to about 0.6% by weight, with the following decrease the fuel oil content is 0.08% after 12 months, i.e. about 1/7 of the untreated substrate. EXAMPLE 3 Prepare a sample of subcleavage sample with a superfluous example 2, instead of a fungal purifier, with a sterilized bacterial plant at the Biochemie Kundl plant in Tyrol (trade name &quot; Bacosol "). This bacterial mass leads to rapid degradation in the first months, but approximately the same values as in Example 2 are obtained.

Straw chop is admixed to the mixture of Example 2, thereby achieving better degradation in the initial fermentation. However, the final values are similar to Example 2. Example 5

Into the mixture of Example 1, 50 g of straw chop is mixed to obtain better fermentation in the initial phase. However, the final values correspond to the final values of Example 1, according to which no straw chop is used. Example 6

The mixture of Example 1 is mixed with the fermented grape seed so that the final blend contains 2.5% grape seed and 1.8% extra light fuel oil. The degradation of the petroleum derivatives is substantially faster than that of Example 1, with the final concentration after 12 months showing fivefold value than the examples of the invention. Example 7

The procedure of Example 5 is followed, wherein the concentration of the fermented grape sediment is 1.0% by weight. Initial degradation of the petroleum derivatives is slower, the final concentration after 12 months is as in Example 6. 8 Example 8

The mixture of Example 1 is mixed with compost and bark at a ratio of 1: 1, so that the final concentration in this mixture is 2.5% by weight, and the concentration of petroleum derivatives is 1.8%. The decrease in the content of petroleum derivatives corresponds substantially to the values of Example 1, i.e. the untreated mixture. Example 9 A mixture of Example 1 was prepared and 1% by weight of a 1: 1 mixture of compost and bark was added. The values do not substantially differ from the values of Example 8, according to both examples, the final concentration is approximately 0.6%. Example 10

The mixture of Example 1 is mixed with 3.1% by weight of the sterilized sludge biomass biomass from the urban biological water treatment plant. The decline in the concentration of petroleum derivatives is lower in both first months than in Examples 2, 3 and 4, but results in the same values in the 5th month. Example 11

To the mixture of Example 2, 0.75% by weight of the fungal mycelium, as in Example 2, is added after both the second and fourth months. As is evident from the numerical values, the addition of fungal mycelium results in a drastic decrease in the content of the fungus, and at about half the time, the same absolute decrease in the content of petroleum products. 9 Example 12

After two months and four months, 0.75% by weight of the characterized bacterial mass is added to the mixture of Example 3, giving the analogous values as in Example 11.

The weight data in the following tables correspond to ppmropic products in the dry mixture.

The petroleum product content is determined by infrared method in carbon tetrachloride extract. . "

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples, wherein an extra light fuel oil is used as the oil fraction. Similar results have been shown by systematic experiments with other petroleum derivatives such as naphtha, light oil and fuel oil, and sterile microbial masses of up to 5.0% and up to 6% petroleum derivatives. Yeast and kefir yeast were also used in place of the fungal mycelium and bacterial mass from the production of penicillin or instead of the fining sludge from biological water purifiers, with the corresponding values being obtained.

Industrial Applicability An efficient way to break down petroleum products in solid substrates using microorganisms.

Table Σ Example '__i_____2______3_____4____5_ 6__ ppm after mixing --------------------, ----- 1 15.750 6 .320 5-400 6.120 15.500 12.650 2 12.000 5.750 4 450 4.300 11 · 800: 10.500 3 10.800 4-020 3-500 3. 510 10 .750 8 .650 4 10-000 3 -700 3.330 3 -300 9.900 7-550 5 8.650 3-030 3.100 3- 050 8 * 580 6 -090 6 ._____ 7.900 2-000 2.080 2-.100 7.880 _5.040 7 7.350 1.800 1.900 1.870 7 -400 4-680 8 7 -070 1 .210 1.310 1-320 7.000 4.510 9 6 -820 900 950 1 -010 6-810 4.500 10 6-670 850 850 870 6.630 4 .000 1 1 6.100 830 830 840 6 .1 00 3.900 12 6 «020 800 800 810 6-010 3 -850 10 a

Table II Example - 7 8 9 10 1 1 1 2 ppm by weight 1 12-900 16-020 15-090 8 .300 6.320 5.400 2 10-850 11 * 900 11.900 6-420 5.750 4.450 3 8 .970 10.880 10- 600 4 -700 3-520 3. 020 4 '7-850 9.900 10-000 2.980 3 -300 2-900 5 6-190 8-700 8 -750 2.900 1.950 2. 020 6 5 «140 7 -950 8 - 000 2-100 900 1.050 7 4 -720 7.530 7 »400 2-000 8 4-590 7 '120 6.970 1 -300 9 4» 300 6-900 6.850 950 - «r '690 850 1 1 3' 920 6 1 0 6 »120 840 12 3 870 6'030 6. 010 810

Claims (11)

F A ř n n «r 6 6 70 70 70 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ''? 1, i O i: O '' c? * CZ *: OT i -> i 3 - 03 i i - - <m j -. 1 1 -c JL PATENT CLAIMS A method for regenerating substrates comprising microorganisms, such as soil and sand, which are "contaminated with petroleum products and petroleum fractions, liquid up to 80 ° C, and particularly at room temperature, such as fuel oils, naphtha and especially hydrocarbons, the substrate being mixed with nutrients and subjected to fermentation, in particular aerobic fermentation, characterized in that the contaminated substrate is mixed with the esterified mass of the microorganisms by weight, based on the weight of the mixture, of 0.1% to 5.0%, and in particular 0.5% to 5%, 2.0%, and during the fermentation, the water content is maintained at a level of at least 5% and in particular 10.0% to 15.0%. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass of microorganisms is sterilized prior to mixing, in particular by steam, especially at a temperature of at least 105 ° C. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, as the mass of microorganisms, particularly extracted mycelial masses are used in the production of antibiotics, in particular penicillin. 4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the finely divided clarifying sludge from biological water purifiers is used as the mass of microorganisms. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sand-based mixture is fermented, maintaining a weight ratio of sand to substrate, in particular contaminated soil, preferably 1: 4 to 2: 1-12. 6. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein a mixture containing at most 5.0% by weight and in particular 2.5% by weight petroleum products is used at the beginning of the fermentation. 7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that during the fermentation, a contaminated higher concentration of petroleum products is added to the mixture. v 'i i A method according to claim 7, characterized in that before the contaminated substrate is added to the already partially fermented mixture, a portion of the mixture is removed, the mixture is mixed, in particular a lower concentration of petroleum products, and fermented. 9. A process according to claim 1, wherein the sterile mass of microorganisms is preferably added to the mixture during the fermentation, preferably in an amount of 0.1% to 5.0%, and in particular 0.5% to 2%. 0%. Method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mixture comprising straw chips, wood wool or similar materials is fermented. Method according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that during the fermentation the mixture is inverted through the air intake.