CZ2000202A3

CZ2000202A3 - Process for producing relatively soft product and the relatively soft product per se

Info

Publication number: CZ2000202A3
Application number: CZ2000202A
Authority: CZ
Inventors: John Dunn Mclain; Brian Hunt; George Rutherford
Original assignee: Sca Hygiene Products Gmbh
Priority date: 1998-07-16
Filing date: 1998-07-16
Publication date: 2000-06-14

Abstract

Způsob výroby relativně měkkého produktu zahrnuje přeměnu relativně měkkého, v podstatě plochého, výchozího produktu pomocí vyražení třírozměrného vzoru, který vytvoří primární zvětšení objemu oproti výchozímu produktu a natažení tohoto meziproduktu, dosaženého raženímvýchozího produktu, v podstatě ve směrujeho úhrnem plochého rozprostření k vytvořenísuperponovaného sekundárního zvětšení objemu oproti meziproduktu. Relativně měkký produktje plochý a třírozměrný a má třírozměrný razící vzor a sekundární zvětšení objemu, superponované tomuto razícímu vzorujako inherentnímuprimárnímu zvětšení objemu.The process for producing a relatively soft product involves conversion a relatively soft, substantially flat, starting product by punching out a three-dimensional pattern that creates the primary increasing the volume of the starting product and stretching it intermediate product achieved by embossing the upstream product, basically in the direction of the total spread to create a superimposed secondary volume increase compared to the intermediate. The relatively soft product is flat and three-dimensional and has a three-dimensional embossing pattern and secondary magnification volume, superimposed on this embossing pattern increase in volume.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a process for producing a relatively soft, substantially flat, but three-dimensional product as well as to the respective product itself.

Background Art

Such products as a whole, flat products, are usually enlarged with respect to their volume by the embossing process. This increase in volume can, on the one hand, affect the appearance and secondly the technical characteristics. For example, if the tissue paper or similar paper product is provided with a tread pattern, tactile and tactile properties can be improved in addition to the improved appearance. In addition to these contact properties, the embossing conversion of the starting product can also improve the absorbent properties of the product. For the process according to the invention and for the product according to the invention, various materials are suitable, for example, with respect to paper: tissue paper, either creped or non-crepe, wet, single-layer or multi-layer, cotton; further with regard to fabrics: all soft fabrics, fabrics, so-called non-wovens, for example dry laminates, textile laminates; with regard to plastics: all soft plastics such as films or nonwovens; with regard to skin: all soft skin; with respect to metals: thin metal foils, especially aluminum foils. Various embossing methods are known for embossing, as are already known to the skilled artisan.

In view of the known methods, the present invention is based on the problem or object of providing a product of the aforementioned type which has substantially improved optical and / or tactile properties when using the simplest means.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This problem is solved by a method of producing a relatively soft, substantially flat, yet three-dimensional product with the following manufacturing steps:

a) Converting a relatively soft, substantially flat starting product by embossing a three-dimensional pattern to form a primary volume increase over the starting product; and

b) stretching said intermediate product obtained by embossing the starting product substantially in the direction of its total spreading to form a superimposed, secondary volume increase over the intermediate.

It is a surprise that the embossed intermediate can at least in view of its optical and tactile properties be improved in a particularly simple manner with respect to the secondary volume expansion if the embossed intermediate is subjected to a stretching process.

In particular, this secondary volume increase acts as a superposition to increase the volume caused by the embossing when the embossing pattern of the intermediate is formed from a plurality of cross-linked articulated parallelograms, and the stretching occurs as an optimum approximately in a direction that extends diagonally through the parallelograms, and in particular diagonally opposite one another lying articulation points which, naturally, in the mechanical sense of the word do not represent any true articulation points, but arise in that sense from the embossing process that the lines of thickened material intersect each other and delimit parallelograms which then act like a pantograph in crosslinking if tensioning forces are applied .

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By increasing the volume, it is to be understood here that the bulges are the sum of the flat starting product resulting from the embossing, so that, in the first place, the volume in the vertical direction increases to a large area of the starting product.

The term relatively soft includes the need to be able to perform mainly the embossing process. However, this term also encompasses in some sense the form of the product that the stretching process can also achieve a permanent deformation as an embossing process. In this case, the product, even in its final state, has a certain and, if necessary, special flexibility and softness, depending on the purpose of use and whether the appearance or touch feature is at the forefront.

This problem is also solved by a relatively soft, flat, but three-dimensional product with a three-dimensional embossing pattern and a secondary volume increase superimposed on this embossing pattern as an inherent primary volume increase. Here, the secondary volume increase can be convex and be arranged on the convex side of the embossing pattern forming the primary volume increase. But it can also be concave.

The embossing pattern may not be, but may be symmetrical.

The secondary volume increase can be achieved in a particularly favorable manner if the individual shapes are stamped in the embossing pattern in a plan view that is formed between the shape of the circle and the shape of the square or rectangle. However, there should be a clear distinction from the circular shape. For example, the punch pattern creates a diamond pattern in total.

Advantageously, embossed lines are formed in the embossing pattern between individual shapes lying substantially in one plane, which are connected to each other and of which four each form an articulated parallelogram, and many such articulated ^: M 'AwaiaMmiMwwieMiaiwf

Parallelograms are networked together, as previously mentioned in the way. These lines cross each other, and like the pantograph, the crossing points form articulated points if the tensioning forces are brought in the right way. There may be straight lines between these points of intersection or joint points, but they may not be straightforward. They may also have a curved pattern, as in the so-called Oriental or Venetian pattern, for example. What is important is the behavior of a pantograph if the corresponding tensioning forces are applied.

The relatively soft, overall flat, but three-dimensional product is particularly obtainable from a three-dimensional intermediate having an embossing pattern forming a first volume increase produced by the embossing tool, wherein a sustained secondary volume increase is provided to the intermediate by extending substantially in the direction of its total spread. superimposed on the primary volume increase. This means that the embossing tool has a substantial effect on its superimposed permanent secondary volume expansion caused by stretching.

It is particularly expedient to use a so-called female embossing tool which has recesses into which the material of the flat starting product is pushed for permanent primary volume change. In connection with this, it has a raid! a tool between the interconnected recesses, which together with the selections of the intermediate indicate raids! the pattern by compressing the corresponding bulge by the lines embossed by the rungs and hence the reinforced material is bounded, the lines in a particularly favorable manner by means of female punching forming articulated parallelograms which are connected to each other in a network manner in such a way that bringing opposite tensioning forces in the direction of large area spreading and essentially in the diagonal direction of the articulated parallelograms of the intermediate act as a pantograph. Accordingly, there should be WWW

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a parallelogram aligned in the machine direction when the stretching is in the machine direction.

The secondary expansion of the volume can be particularly efficiently achieved if the side walls of the recess extend from the tool surface to a certain acute angle in the embossing tool. This angle should preferably not be less than about 40 ° and especially not less than about 60 °. In a particularly favorable manner, this angle is 65 °.

Also, the number of individual shapes per square centimeter influences positively the formation of a secondary volume increase. Thus, the number of individual shapes can be 0.5 to 6 per square centimeter and in particular 1 to 2.5.

The dimension of the embossing tool recess also affects the formation of a permanent secondary volume expansion by stretching. Thus, the depth of recess to width ratio can be 0.1 to 0.5, and especially 0.2 to 0.3.

The recesses in the embossing tool may have stepped side walls in such a way that, starting from the tool surface, multiple wall sections are aligned to the depth of the recess, while the sharp angles that form the wall sections to the tool surface are smaller from the wall section to the wall section.

The partition walls between the embossing tool recesses may preferably have a width of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and in particular 1.2 mm to 2.2 mm. A profile may also be provided at said rails, and in particular a plurality of recesses formed therebetween may be arranged in the rails. This results in bulges in the embossed product lines as additional volume increases.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described and explained in more detail by way of several examples of its purely schematic drawing, which show in FIG. 1a a schematic plan view of an embossing pattern of a tissue paper product, FIG. Fig. 1a, Fig. 1c shows a sectional view AA of Fig. 1b, Figs. 2a to 2c are views similar to Figs. 1a to 1c, but with a different embodiment, Figs. Fig. 3c is a view similar to Figs. 1a to 1c or 2a to 2c but with another pattern otherwise formed; Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embossing pattern with detail of the sidewall section; FIG. 5c is a schematic plan view of a bulge of the embossing pattern from the convex side in the unstretched state; FIG. 6b is a diagonal view of the embossing pattern of the embossing pattern from the convex side; Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b, Fig. 7d shows a similar view in Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b, Fig. 7d, similar to Figs. Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b, Fig. 7c, Fig. 7d show a secondary increase in stretching induced as a superposition of the primary volume increase, Fig. 8a a view of the pattern of the end product of Fig. 1, the so-called diamond pattern, in Figs. Fig. 8b is a view of a roll of toilet paper with the pattern of Fig. 8a, Fig. 9a is a view of a pattern of the end product of Fig. 2, the so-called oriental pattern, Fig. 9b a view of a roll of toilet paper with the pattern of Figs. Fig. 10a is a view of a pattern of the end product of Fig. 3, the so-called cushion pattern, and Fig. 10b a view of a roll of toilet paper with the pattern of Fig. 10a.

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EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

In the drawings, for example, Figures 1a and 1b, there are corresponding patterns but in such a way that Fig. 1a should be viewed as a stamped pattern using a tool for a given pattern (inverted viewing method), and in Fig. 1b as at the corresponding pattern of the embossing tool itself. Since the product is manufactured in particular with respect to the intermediate product by means of an embossing tool, then only the embossing tool is described by means of three exemplary embodiments, since the product itself is thereby characterized.

Figures 1a-1c show a pattern that may be referred to as a diamond pattern. Compared to reality, the pattern of Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b corresponds to a 2: 1 scale, and the representation of the detail of Fig. 1c is 10: 1. The same applies to Figs. 2 and 3.

The embossing pattern of the embossing tool includes partitions 1, four of which each form a square or parallelogram, which are arranged so that a grid is formed by the bars 1. In this case, recesses 2 can be considered in each individual rung 1, which are small bulges in the embossed intermediate. However, these recesses do not necessarily exist. Between the partitions 1 there is one large recess 3 which is formed by stepped side walls 4a and 4b. The side walls 4a form an angle αa of the sidewall 4b with the tool surface 5a, which is less than the angle α.

The large recess 3 has a depth c, with respect to the side wall 4b, and a depth d with respect to the side walls 4a and 4b.

a: 1 mm

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Λ b: 6 mm c: 1 mm d: 1.7 mm a: 65 ° e: 0.25 mm.

FIG. 2 shows the embossing pattern according to the so-called oriental pattern, the machine direction being indicated by the arrow M. The scaling ratios are exactly as in FIG. 1, which is also true for FIG.

a: 1 mm b: 6 mm c: 1 mm d: 1.7 mm f: 8 mm g: 13.6 mm h: 1 mm a: 65 °.

FIG. 3 shows a cushion pattern, the pattern being offset by an angle γ of 1.5 ° to the machine direction. With this offset, the height of the raport is about 183.21 mm, ie 18.5 figures per rapport.

The following values are used to determine the dimensions:

a: 1mm b: 6mm c: 1mm

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d: 1.7 mm e: 0.25 mm i: 1.4 mm in diameter k: 7 mm a: 65 °.

For example, if a pattern-shaped tread is imparted to the tissue paper as the starting product by means of the respective embossing tools as shown in Fig. 1, the rubber roller pushes the tissue paper against the rails 1 and into the recesses 3, whereby the starting product obtains such a tread pattern that the material is thickened in the region of the cross-beams 1 and the bulges 6 are formed in the region of the recesses 3, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. marked as embossed lines. In view of the grid of crossbars 1, these lines form parallelograms as shown in FIG. 6a, whereby the points of intersection of the lines should be viewed as articulated points, as can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 3a and 3b. Due to the cross-linking of the articulated parallelograms, the entire pattern may act as a mechanical pantograph if tensioning forces S are applied in accordance with the illustration in Fig. 7a, which, due to the movement of the pantograph, lead to a narrowing of the parallelograms as indicated by the arrow P. In the embossing process, a primary increase in volume is produced, and due to the stretching process, by a stretching force S, a secondary magnification 8 of the volume superimposed on this primary volume increase, which is indicated by the arrow V in FIGS. 7b, 7c and 7d. 7c and 7d, a secondary volume increase of superimposed wrinkle.

Referring to the dimensions of the tool, FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment with individual side walls and a respective angle α. FIG. 5a shows a sequence of successive stepped side walls 4a, 4b with corresponding angles α and β, the angle β being less than the angle α, measured relative to the tool surface.

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5c, it is also possible to envisage the first sections of the side walls 4a on which the dome-shaped surface 4d is connected.

In order to illustrate the invention, several examples are given below.

Example 1: The tissue web was first withdrawn from the starting roll and fed to the die press. The two-ply tissue paper had a basis weight

21.9 g / m ² and 50 cm wide. The tissue paper consisted of 100% cellulose pulp. The stamping press consisted of a steel cylinder and a rubber cylinder. The steel cylinder had a diameter of 198 mm. The rubber cylinder had a diameter of 174 mm with a rubber thickness of 17 mm and a rubber hardness of 33 by Top. The female embossing recess has the dimensions of Figures 1b and 1c of the drawings in conjunction with the respective description. The embossing pressure between the rollers was 9420 N / m.

The product punched out with this punch was then brought to the drafting device, all in one device, and stretched across the width by a tensioning force of 30 N / m. In doing so, the aforementioned secondary volume increase was achieved, which was superimposed on the first increase in the embossing volume. Compared to the starting product, a volume increase of 21.4% was achieved. Machine directional strength decreased by 17.6% compared to the starting product, which means that flexibility increased in this respect. The ductility decreased by 12.3% compared to the starting product and 36.8% across the machine direction.

After stretching, the product was wound as sections divided in the longitudinal direction of the perforations onto the roll as toilet paper. This roll had a diameter of 123.2 mm and a density of 635 cm χ 10 ' ³ .

The aforementioned machine direction strength corresponds to the tensile stress in the machine direction to the breaking point. Two-ply tissue paper or finished i

The product has been cut and then aligned in the machine direction to the test. · T · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · \ t 76 mm wide samples. The test specimens were clamped between two tensile stress tongs. The collets were 51 mm apart and the test specimen was stretched at 250 mm per minute. As a result, the peak force in N was recorded to the point of break. Similarly, the direction was transverse to the machine direction. The volume increase was measured by cutting the leaves cut from the starting material ten times, and the leaves of the final product five times on top of each other and inserting them into an electronic thickness measuring instrument with a bottom pressure of 2.9 kPa. The results were recorded in thousandths of mm.

The basis weight was determined by replacing the ten sheets that were cut from the starting material or the five sheets of the two-layer end product as 10x10 cm squares. The test sample was then weighed and the result multiplied by 10 and then recorded as kPa.

The diameter of the finished toilet paper roll was measured so that a calibrated strip was wound around the periphery of the finished roll to determine the diameter.

The density or hardness of the roll of finished toilet paper roll was measured at 10 cm χ ^'3 in the following manner. The finished toilet paper roll was held by a rigid bar that was inserted through the core. Thereafter, a low load test instrument settled on the roll periphery. After a preparatory period of approximately 15 seconds, the reading of the measuring instrument zero was made. Then a heavy weight was placed and a second reading was performed after stabilization after 15 seconds. The difference of individual readings was recorded as the density of the roll and it was measured in thousands of cm. Accordingly, the density was 635 cm χ 10 ' ³ .

Example 2: The course was essentially the same as in Example 1, but with the following variations. The embossing tool corresponded to the data of Figs. 2b and 2c. The diameter of the steel cylinder was 191 mm.

The reduction in machine direction strength and thus the increase in flexibility was 22.9% compared to the starting product in the finished roll, and the corresponding transverse strength loss was 39.3%. The increase in volume increase was 12%. The finished roll had a diameter of 123.7 mm and a density of 622.3 cm χ 10 ' ³ .

Comparative Example: A comparative example was carried out with the pattern of Fig. 1. However, the diameter of the steel cylinder was 197 mm. The angle α was 38 °, the value of b was 7.2 mm and the value d was 1.3 mm. At the same time, only a volume increase was achieved

1.7%. The finished roll of toilet paper was 120 mm and the density was 503 cm x 10 ^-3 .

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Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

A method for producing a relatively soft, substantially flat, but three-dimensional product, comprising the steps of:

(a) converting a relatively soft, substantially flat starting product by embossing a three-dimensional pattern that produces a primary volume increase over the starting product; and

b) stretching said intermediate, obtained by embossing the starting product, substantially in the direction of its total flattening to produce a superimposed, secondary volume increase over the intermediate converted by embossing.

The method of claim 1, wherein the embossing pattern of the intermediate is formed from a plurality of co-cross-linked articulated parallelograms, and wherein the stretching occurs approximately in a direction that runs diagonally through the parallelograms.

3. A relatively soft, totally flat but three-dimensional product having a three-dimensional embossing pattern and a secondary volume augmentation superimposed on the embossing pattern as an inherent primary volume augmentation.

Product according to claim 3, characterized in that the secondary volume increase is convex and is arranged on the convex side of the embossing pattern forming the primary volume increase.

Product according to claim 3 and / or 4, characterized in that the embossing pattern is a substantially symmetrical embossing pattern.

Product according to at least one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the embossing pattern of the individual shapes has a plan view between the shape of the circle (clearly further from the shape of the circle) and the shape of the square or rectangle in plan view.

Product according to at least one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the embossing pattern is a diamond pattern.

Product according to at least one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that in the embossing pattern embossed lines are formed between the individual shapes lying substantially in one plane, which are joined together, of which four each form a kind of articulated parallelogram. , and many such articulated parallelograms are cross-linked together.

9. A relatively soft, totally flat, but three-dimensional product, which is obtainable from a flat three-dimensional intermediate having a punch pattern forming a primary volume increase produced by the punching tool, wherein the intermediate is stretched substantially in the direction of its total flatness. the spreading is due to a permanent secondary volume increase, superimposed on the primary volume increase.

Product according to claim 9, characterized in that the embossing tool for the product has recesses in which the material of the flat starting product is pressed for permanent primary volume change.

Product according to claim 9 and / or 10, characterized in that the embossing tool for the product has interconnected walls between the recesses which together with the recesses give an intermediate embossing pattern in which the bulges corresponding to the recesses are bounded by lines of compressed and therefore reinforced material, • 9 99

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These lines form articulated parallelograms which are interconnected in a mesh-like manner in such a manner that the grid acts as a pantograph when applied to the opposite tensioning forces in the direction of large flat spreading and substantially in the diagonal direction of the articulated parallelograms of the intermediate.

Product according to at least one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the side walls of the recesses of the embossing tool extend at all sides at a certain acute angle starting from the tool surface.

Product according to claim 12, characterized in that said angle is not less than about 40 ° and in particular not less than about 60 °, and in particular 65 °.

Product according to at least one of claims 9 to 13, for which the recesses have stepped side walls, by starting from the tool surface, a plurality of wall sections are aligned to the depth of the recess, while at an acute angle forming the wall sections to the tool surface. is smaller from the wall section to the wall section.

Product according to at least one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the number of individual shapes per square centimeter is 0.5 to 6, and in particular 1 to 2.5.

Product according to at least one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the ratio of the depth of the recess to the width is 0.1 to 0.5, and in particular 0.2 to 0.3.

Product according to at least one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the partition walls between the recesses have a width of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and in particular 1.2 mm to 2.2 mm.

Product according to at least one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the partitions have a profile and in particular a series of recesses formed along the partitions.