CZ20002461A3 - Basin construction for catchment of a traffic road - Google Patents

Abstract

The trough structure for an underpass, in particular, one lying at least partially below the ground water level (5) comprises a sealing layer (14) covering the surface of a trough-shaped excavation, a ballast layer (22) of firm material, and a filler layer (23) as a base for a road structure (12). Both the firm ballast layer (22) and the filler layer (23) contain electrofurnace slag, or consist either entirely or in parts of electrofurnace slag.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a tub-like structure embedded in the ground with a tub bottom and sloping side walls, in particular for guiding below it

transport route that at least partly lies under water ground water. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Traffic routes, especially road and roads, that crosses

other traffic routes often have to be embedded in the subsoil to prevent the road or railway line from being lifted. In areas with a high groundwater level, in this case, the parts in the bottom of the conveying path generally lie below the groundwater level. In order to prevent flooding at the bottom of the conveyed path, this conveying path must be guided in an insulated tub-like structure, which generally consists of a reinforced concrete structure.

The construction of such basins against groundwater is expensive and time-consuming, since special structures made of water-impermeable concrete have to be used which often require additional steel reinforcement in addition to the special concrete mix. The construction of the insulation on the outside adjacent to the concrete surfaces requires considerable labor costs as well as the insulation of the joint between the individual parts of the building, for example by sealing strips. The large number of work steps entails the risk of malfunctions and later additional costs in the removal of leaking water by pumps.

In order to allow the construction of such a basin against groundwater, a substantially watertight closure of the foundation pit must first be created. This is done by steel sheet walls or by reinforcing the bottom.

The sheet walls are attached to keep the insulated • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Construction pits for impermeable bottom layers that retain groundwater. · · · · ··········· Soil can be excavated inside such makeshift baths against groundwater for final construction. Water leaking during construction is drained. Bottom compaction is mainly used when there are non-insulating layers of soil at greater depths. By compacting the bottom, the water penetrating the subsoil can also be insulated from below to maintain a suitably dry pit.

All the costs involved, as well as the costs of reducing the groundwater level, represent a considerable part of the construction costs of these basins against groundwater. In the case of longer construction periods, environmental damage or damage to, for example, neighboring buildings may also occur as a result of lowering the groundwater level.

For longer periods, the gutter-shaped tubular structures must be sufficiently secured against buoyancy. This is usually done by portions of the base plate protruding through the side walls on which the later backfill acts. In extreme cases, the basin against ground water must also be secured against the lift by anchors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on this knowledge, the invention is based on a simple and economical design of a basin against groundwater for guidance under the conveying path.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Advantageous further embodiments follow from the dependent claims.

An essential advantage of the invention is that, when constructing a bathtub against groundwater for normal use, it is possible to work with working equipment for earthworks

and with combined insulation tested from the buildings of the depositories. Such insulations can be made in a short time, which significantly reduces the cost of securing the foundation pit and collecting water. In addition, the insulation can be tested for leaks before the construction of other layers.

A further substantial advantage of the invention results from the fact that, in order to protect against buoyancy, layers which consist of slags of electric furnaces both in the form of solid material and in the form of dusting can be placed inside the basin against the groundwater, i.e. inside the insulated space. Electric furnace slags have a 50% higher built-in density than mineral materials, which can greatly reduce the amount of excavation required. Such buoyancy protection can be provided not only in the area of the subsoil of the building, the slag backfills from the electric furnace to protect against the relationship can also be built on the slopes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Invention is closer in following clarified with drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 cut lower traffic road v crossing area with upper transport route, Fig. 2 cut the tub against the bottom water by invention, Fig. 3 cutout FIG. 2 on a larger scale, giant . 4 cutout 4 and FIG Fig. 5 a 6 next application examples invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 0 0 0 0 0

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Giant. 1 shows, in a cross-sectional view, a bottom conveying path 4 located in a basin 6 against groundwater, the essential features for the construction and construction of the basin 6.

The depicted measures in the construction are subordinate to the fact that the upper transport route 2, which runs essentially on the surface of the landscape 1, must pass through the lower transport route A running in the notch 3. As the groundwater level 5 is relatively high, the lower traffic route 4, for example a road, may be located in a bathtub 6 isolated against the ground water.

For the construction of the bathtub 6 against ground water, the level of the 5th groundwater is first lowered. In baths 6 against groundwater, which are sunk only 1 to 2 m into the groundwater, it is often possible to refrain from completely closing the foundation pit, for example by means of a sheet wall 7. The groundwater level 5 can often be lowered by means of Shafts 8. Surface closures by means of compacted soil 4 can be carried out in a known manner. The side water inlet side can be prevented due to the short construction time according to the invention instead of the expensive pile walls 7 by cost-effective glaciation of the soil by forming a frozen body 11 by means of the injection pipe 10 inserted into the soil.

In the event that the made-up bath 6 is intended to prevent ground water from flowing, transverse cuts are excavated underneath, which are lined with a geotextile filter and filled with soil with cavities, for example by backfill from graded gravel. Through such absorbent layers, ground water can flow transversely below the structure of the tub 6, blocking or narrowing the flow cross section.

Then a bathtub (3 against the groundwater) can be built in the dry construction pit. Therefore, in the area of the notch 3, the subsoil construction according to • 9 9 9 • * 9 9

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9 · • 9 · 999 road construction regulations. In addition, the soil layers necessary to secure the buoyancy of the later basin 6 against groundwater are excavated, and the surface of the sloping surface 13 thus formed is leveled and compacted.

The insulating layer 14 of the bathtub 12 against the ground water is then placed on the excavated surface 13. The insulating layer 14 in the illustrated embodiment (FIGS. 3, 4) consists of a clay bottom insulating strip 15 with a bentonite padding as the first mineral insulating layer and as a first protective layer for the overlying insulating strip 16 of plastic, for example polyethylene or plastic. of thermoplastic olefins.

The plastic insulating strip 16 is mounted approximately horizontally into the slope by a horizontal part 17 approximately 30 cm above the groundwater level 5. and is fastened there (FIG. 2). In the field of bridge construction, in particular abutments 19 carrying uppers 18. For example, the plastic insulating strip 16 is placed on the building, for example on a bridge support 19, the passages or shafts are attached by building methods known in the field of deposit.

Alternatively, the so-called controllable double insulation according to DE 196 25 245 A1 can also be used as an insulating layer. In this case, a fiber mat with a basis weight of 500 g / m ² of polypropylene is placed on the excavated surface 13 as a lower protective insulation layer. The insulation itself consists of two 1.5 to 3.0 mm thick insulating strips of polyethylene or thermoplastic olefins which are cushioned together. A fiber mat is again interposed between these plastic insulating strips, which is filled with a substance which swells strongly upon entry of water after the damage, this swelling means automatically sealing off the damaged areas. Double insulation cushions can be tested for leaks after laying and welding between individual cushions by vacuum. This test vacuum can also be maintained during the entire construction period. .

To protect against damage, a protective layer of protective fleece 20, preferably of polypropylene, with a basis weight of 1200 g / m @ ^2, is first applied to the plastic insulating strip 16. A 10 cm thick sand layer 21 is additionally laid and carefully leveled at the bottom of the bath 6 (FIGS. 3 and 4).

The slag from electric steel mills, the so-called slag from electric furnaces with a specific gravity of more than 30 kN / m ³ , is used as a load to reduce the amounts required for the construction of the bathtub 6 against groundwater. The slag from electric furnaces contains 30 to 35% of iron and is therefore very heavy, yet it is hard and is suitable both as an additive for heavy concrete and as a subsoil for roads or for the production of pulp for road construction. Due to this composition, this material has a 50% higher specific gravity than a comparable mineral material. By using this material, excavation can be saved to the same extent.

According to the invention, the load in the region of the bottom of the basin against groundwater consists of a base layer 22 of solid material, in particular of concrete with electric furnace slag as an additive and also of electric furnace slag backfill layers of at least one backfill layer 23. bottom and inclined backfill layer 24 in the slope area (FIG. 2).

To facilitate construction and to reduce construction time, the base layer 22 can be made of prefabricated plates 22a. The prefabricated plates 22a have spacings at the edges so that the buoyancy forces, especially in the trenches made during finishing, are transmitted uniformly by the base layer 22. As a result, it is possible to prevent the drawback of the insulating strip 16 from being removed from the plastic material. As shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate prefabricated panels 22b may have an insulating layer 14 · 99 * 9 in the fold region.

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- Ί small size to better accommodate this fold. Prefabricated plates 22a. 22b may also be directly cast from slag from electric furnaces.

A base layer 22 consisting of individual prefabricated layers 22a. 22b, the sorted backfill layer 23 of electric furnace slag, which forms a backfill with a small number of cavities, is then poured, distributed and compacted in the bottom region. Shafts 25 and pipe guides 26 are also built into this backfill layer 23. needed to drain rainwater falling on the bathtub 6. against groundwater.

In addition to the pavement slab 12, on both sides of the plane of the plane 27, support walls 28 of concrete angles and / or geotextile-reinforced controlled slopes are constructed from the inclined layer 24 of the electric furnace slag backfill. In the area of the slopes, the surface of the protective fleece 20 is preferably designed such that there is as little friction between the plastic insulating strip 16 and the protective fleece 20 as possible. As a result, as much weight as possible of the inclined backfill layer 24 can rest as a load on the base layer 22.

The retaining walls 28 and / or the controlled horizontal forces exerted by the water pressure of the slope layer backfill component 24.

slopes carry and horizontal

On the road 27 of the electric furnace slag backfill layer 23, conventional traveling or walkable structures are installed in the road construction area (FIG. 3). This comprises in the area of the roadway 12 a conventional substrate 29, for example a frost protection layer, and a roadway cover 30. in the peripheral region of the drainage belt 31 and the walkable cover 33. separated by curbs 32. which abuts against the retaining wall 28.

To prevent the area from being covered by the cover 30 • 4

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4 40 of the roadway 12 leached out of the slag from the electric furnace, preferably the open slope surfaces of the inclined layer 24 of the backfill are covered against penetrating rainwater with an insulating layer 34, preferably of geotextile clay insulating strips, so-called bentonite mats. and greening.

In the depressions of the two-sided drainage troughs 36, surface drainage ducts 25 are provided, which are connected to the drainage of the pavement cover 30. The trapped water is discharged into the pumping well 37 (FIG. 2) and pumped from it to the slots or leaks above the groundwater level 5 by means of a pump 38 and a pressure line 39. The design of the basin 6 against the ground water with lateral slopes above the bottom insulation has the advantage that the pump well 37 and the pump 38 can be placed inside the basin 6 against the ground water, so that impassable insulations are used in relation to these pumps 38 and the pressure line 39.

In the case of an under-load bearing substructure, bored piles 41 or soil columns 42 made by compaction of the soil, for example by a spraying process, can be brought down to the bearing ground 40 of the drilled pile 41 or the soil column 42 to form the bridge. They are subjected to the abutment 19 by conventional construction methods. In this embodiment, time-consuming concreting is also possible to reduce the level of groundwater.

The upper 18 for the upper conveying route 2 can then be built by existing construction methods.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show two further embodiments of the invention in which the lower conveying path 1 is formed closed.

As shown in FIG

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The ground water constructed according to the invention is to place the tunnel from the ceiling 46 of the tunnel and the two side walls to the foot of the laterally projecting foundation beams 48.

also the building 4 47 and on their tunnel tube may be located a substructure roadway 12 which does not tend to the insulating layer 14.

However, this solution requires a bearing settlement to avoid overloading

Giant. 6 shows as an alternative the passage 50 of a wound steel tube. Also this passage 50 lies in a bath 6 against the ground water according to the invention, which is made as described above. Soil 49 is sprinkled over the passageway 50, which can be covered with an upper insulating layer 51 to prevent rainwater entering the basin 6 against groundwater. A humus filler 52 can be placed on this top insulating layer 51.

In general, both of these representations have the above-described embodiment of the groundwater bath 6 with an insulating layer 14 on which the base layer 22 is located, which consists of a backfill layer 23 and laterally inclined backfill layers 24 of slag from electric furnaces.

Claims (14)

PATENT CLAIMS A tub-like structure, especially for buried under the road, in the ground, with a bottom of the tub (6) and sloping side walls, which is at least partially below the groundwater level (5), characterized in that it consists of an insulating layer (14). ), located on the dug surface (13) of the excavated trench pit, above the insulating layer (14) is located in the bottom of the bath (6) base layer (22) of solid material, above the rigid base layer (22) the backfill layer (23), wherein both the solid base layer (22) and the backfill layer (23) completely or partially comprise slag from electric furnaces. A tub-like structure according to claim 1, characterized in that an inclined backfill layer (24) containing wholly or partially electric furnace slag is disposed along the sloping side walls. A tub-like structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating layer (14) consists of at least one clay lower insulating strip (15) and at least one upper insulating strip (16) of plastic. Bath-tub construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating layer (14) is designed as a double insulation according to DE 196 25 245 A1. Bath tub construction according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a protective layer, in particular a protective fleece (20), preferably made of polypropylene, is placed above the plastic insulating strip (16). Bath tub construction according to one of Claims 1 to 5, 9 9 9 9 99 A tub-like structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the plate elements are offset at the edges. A tub-like structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the slab elements are formed by prefabricated concrete slabs (22a, 22b) with slag additives from electric furnaces. A tub-like structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the plate elements consist of cast slag of electric furnaces. 9 9 9 9 99 99 999 * ·· 9 · 9 9 «é ♦ 99 99 99 99999 9 999 9 9 999 « 99,9999 999,999 ·· 99 A tub-like structure according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that between the base layer (22) a i zolační layer (14) is placed smoothed layer Italy (21) of sand. 11. Vanovitá construction according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized by that the inclined layers (24) backfill are they are slidable relative to their substrate. - 11, characterized in that the base layer (22) consists of plate elements. Bath tub construction according to claim 11, characterized in that the protective fleece (20) has smooth surfaces in the slope area. A tub-like structure according to claim 11, characterized in that layers of non-cohesive material, for example sand, are disposed between the protective fleece (20) and the backfill layer (23). Bathtub structure according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the surface of the bathtub (6) against groundwater not covered by the road (12), in particular of the backfill, is covered with an insulating layer (34).