CZ20003094A3 - Reversible plow - Google Patents

Abstract

A reversible plough (10) comprises a carrier (13, 31) which can be attached to a three-point hitch (30) of a tractor or other powered vehicle (12) and which has two lower attachment points (34) and an upper attachment point (35), the lower attachment point being connected to a lower part (48) of the carrier and comprising lower links (32) which are hydraulically adjustable up and down to raise and lower the carrier, a plough frame (14) carrying pairs of reversible plough bodies (15) arranged along its length, the frame (14) being mounted on the carrier (13, 31) so as to be rotatable about a turning axis (16) given by the carrier through about 180° to adjust the plough bodies between left-hand ploughing and right-hand ploughing, and a connecting link (100) for connecting the upper attachment point (35) of the three-point hitch to the upper part of the carrier, the connecting link having an adjustable effective length to adjust the inclination of the main axis of the plow relative to the soil surface and thereby control the working depth of the plow bodies. The connecting link (100) is hydraulically adjustable and is intended to be connected to the hydraulic control circuit of the tractor so that the connecting link automatically shortens its effective length before the plow frame (14) begins to rotate about the turning axis (16).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a reversible plow comprising a plow frame carrying pairs of reversible plow bodies arranged along its length, in which the plow frame is pivotable about a pivoting axis provided with a carrier, and which rotates about 180 ° for adjusting the plow bodies between left-hand plowing and right-hand plowing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The design and operation of the reversible plow is known to those skilled in the art and does not need to be described in detail here.

A pivoting axis about which the plow bodies rotate substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tractor (in plan view), but viewed from the side, the axis extends upwards and backwards from the carrier at an angle from the horizontal, depending on the amount of lift of the lower links the three-point hitch to which the carrier is attached (the lower joints are usually lifted to lift the plow bodies from the ground before the plow frame starts to rotate).

It is customary for a plow frame to have a front pair of plow bodies arranged on a short length of the plow frame on one side of the pivot axis, and the other pairs of plow bodies are located on a longer portion of the plow frame on the opposite side of the pivot axis. side of the frame as soon as the plow is in the plowing position. Further, the rotation of the plow bodies may be of either the first or the second type, in particular (a) the plow bodies rotate over the main frame or (b) the plow bodies rotate under the main frame.

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In one arrangement, all plow bodies are located below the main frame as soon as the plow is rotated about 90 ° (to the transport position), but in other arrangements all plow bodies are positioned above the frame after the first 90 ° rotation. Rotation of the plow continues by another 90 ° angular movement to the next plowing position.

Obviously, the greater the length of the plow frame (which extends transversely to the plowing direction), the more the center of gravity will be shifted away from the turning axis, so that rotating the plow bodies 180 ° between left and right plowing will have great demands on torsion. torque transmitted from the tractor

Further, in plow designs that allow furrow width adjustment, the plow frame can be rotatably adjusted to different frame inclinations with respect to the plowing direction and to adjust the maximum furrow width, the center of gravity distance from the turning axis is increased further and therefore to the tractor torque. More importantly, the greater the overall width of the plow frame (when set to the maximum furrow width), the more the frame goes downward from the pivot axis during the pivoting of the plow bodies when the plow frame is rotating over the main frame.

Therefore, even if the tilting axis is tilted upward before the plow body is inverted, in practice the length of the plow frame is limited by the fact that the longer part of the frame and the plow body pairs must rotate downwards and below the tilting axis without coming into contact with the soil.

Furthermore, it is necessary to be able to add an additional pair of plow bodies to the end of an existing plow frame, thereby further increasing the height requirement below the turning axis and which may not always be available, thus avoiding this possibility.

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It would appear that this problem can be easily solved by a first type of arrangement adapted to the second type of arrangement (in which a longer part of the plow frame rotates upward over the inverting axis). However, in practice this is not possible, at least in situations where other components are mounted on a shorter part of the length of the plow frame, i.e. the part of the frame supporting the front pair of plow bodies and located on the opposite side of the turning axis. other pairs of plow bodies.

In an embodiment, such an additional component is a pawl attached to the double-sided frame, wherein the pawl is typically mounted on the plow frame (at or at the front end of the frame) by means of a rigid support arm and a pivotal mounting.

In these known embodiments of the integrated reversible plow / rake combination, it is not possible to initially rotate the shorter length of the plow frame with the coupled rake downward because there is insufficient space below the turning axis to accommodate both of these components. It is therefore practical in practice. rotate the plow bodies over the main frame when other components, such as a pusher, are mounted on the plow frame.

With regard to the attachment of the carrier to the three-point linkage of the tractor, as mentioned above, the carrier is supported by two lower links of the three-point linkage which are connected to the lower part of the carrier and the carrier is movable up and down by raising and lowering both lower links. The upper hinge of the three-point hinge is connected to the upper part of the carrier, and is usually formed by a simple bar connection at both ends pivotally connected to one upper hinge of the three-point hinge and to the upper ^- end of the carrier.

In known arrangements, the effective length of the bar connection is manually adjustable so that it can be angularly adjusted

the main axis of the plow frame relative to the soil surface, wherein all plow bodies can be adjusted to move substantially below the soil surface.

The present invention relates to an improved form of an adjustable top link that can be operated automatically whenever plow bodies need to be reversed to reduce the length of the top link and thereby increase the inclination of the turning axis relative to the horizontal so that more space is available below the turning axis to accommodate the downward rotation of the longer portion of the plow frame (and a pair of plow bodies carried by it) around and below the invert axis.

The essence of the reversible plow according to the invention consists of a carrier which can be attached to a three-point linkage of a tractor or other propulsion vehicle comprising two lower suspension points which can be connected to the lower part of the carrier and consists of two links adjustable upwards; down by means of hydraulics, powered by the propulsion vehicle, for lifting-and lowering the carrier;

a plow frame carrying pairs of double-sided plow bodies arranged along its length, wherein the frame is mounted on a carrier so as to be pivotable about a 180 ° angle about the pivoting axis defined by the carrier to adjust the plow bodies between left plowing and right plowing; and a link connecting the upper hinge of the three-point hinge to the upper part of the carrier, and the link has an adjustable effective length to adjust the inclination of the main plow axis relative to the soil surface, thereby controlling the working depth of the plow bodies;

the coupling is hydraulically adjustable and can be connected to the hydraulic circuit of the propulsion vehicle

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such that, when a plow is used, the link can automatically reduce its effective length before the plow frame rotates about the invert axis.

Therefore, if the plow body needs to be reversed, the operator of the propulsion vehicle first performs the action of lifting the lower links of the three-point linkage and thereby lifting the plow bodies out of the soil (and at the same time raising the inverting axis relative to the soil surface). The adjustable link then automatically decreases its effective length and this causes the inclination of the turning axis to the horizontal to increase, thus creating more space available below the turning axis and between the soil surface (and the height of this space increases from the carrier backwards), such space allows even a long plow frame to be able to pivot about the turning axis without coming into contact with the soil.

Therefore, with relatively simple means (hydraulically adjustable link), the invention gains additional space below the pivoting axis, allowing parts of the plow frame that rotate first downward and then below the pivoting axis to perform such movement substantially without the risk of coming into contact with soil.

The propulsion vehicle typically has a hydraulic pump capable of supplying a pressurized hydraulic fluid and a portion attached to the lower link actuator and another portion which is connected to a double-sided cylinder which causes the plow bodies to rotate about the reversing axis.

The hydraulically actuated coupler may be connected to a suitable output from the hydraulic circuit of the propulsion vehicle and will be actuated prior to operation of the double-sided cylinder.

That can be. in different ways. In one arrangement, the linker may be operated simultaneously with

by lifting the lower links. In another arrangement, the link is actuated by connecting it to a hydraulic fluid supply to control the double-sided cylinder, thereby automatically reducing the length of the link before the plow begins to rotate.

In yet another embodiment, a known sequential valve may be used which ensures (in the case of a widely adjustable plow) that the actuating roller operates so that the plow is automatically adjusted to a minimum width before reversing. However, in a fixed-width plow, this actuating cylinder is not required and therefore the connecting hoses (otherwise connected to the actuating cylinder) are connected to a hydraulically adjustable coupling member, which hoses are actuated by a step valve. The working sequence is therefore: the lower links are lifted; the tilting axis is tilted to increase the plow slope; the plow turns; the plow returns to its original slope; the lower links are started.

Another advantage of the invention is that not all tractors have the same lift height. If a plow is to be attached to a tractor having a maximum lift height too low (to allow the plow to rotate), then the hydraulically adjustable top link of the invention can be used to solve this problem.

Another technical advantage is obtained in connection with tractors with insufficient lifting capacity. Some tractors have different lifting capacity because they have different geometry of the three-point linkage and because they use different hydraulic pressures to control the three-point linkage. However, it is also a fact that the three-point linkage is designed such that the plow or other device that is mounted on the three-point linkage automatically tilts as soon as it is raised. The inclination may be 10 ° or more. It is also a fact that the higher the device is to be lifted, the greater the hydraulic pressure is required.

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Thus, it may happen that with a combination of plow and tractor, the tractor cannot raise the plow high enough to turn the plow because it has insufficient lifting capacity. The new adjustable top link according to the invention can also solve this problem as well.

A further advantage of the hydraulically adjustable top link according to the invention is that it is actuated automatically by controlling the working circuit of the tractor, as if to be fully retracted or fully extended, at a particular point in the pivot body reversal duty cycle.

The invention is particularly suitable for use with a reversible plow of the type in which the plow bodies rotate over the plow frame and wherein the longer part of the frame (carrying pairs of plow bodies except the front pair) first rotates downward and then below the axis (about 90 ° in the arc) ) and then rotate in an arc of about 90 ° to reach a new plow position.

By these simple means, the invention makes it possible to use a longer debt. frames (increasing plow capacity) and / or, if necessary, attach additional pairs of plow bodies to the end of an existing plow frame.

The invention can be used advantageously in cheaper plow constructions having a fixed plow furrow width, since equipping the hydraulically adjustable link is not expensive and, if necessary, the efficiency of cheaper types of plows can be increased by increasing the plow capacity. However, the hydraulically adjustable link may be supplied as a separate component and may be used as an adjustment to existing users of plows with a fixed plow width.

The invention can also be advantageously applied to more expensive reversible plows - including, in particular, those types of plows which:

have an adjustable furrow width, which (as is well known to those skilled in the art) adjusts the furrow width by adjusting the rotation of the plow frame relative to the carrier to have a different angle relative to the plowing direction.

The increasing furrow width is obtained by increasing the angle to the plowing direction and thereby increasing the lateral space of the rear outer end of the plow frame from the turning axis and therefore additional space is needed below the turning axis to turn the plow bodies.

The invention also relates to a new carrier arrangement for attaching a plow frame to a three-point linkage of a tractor and comprising a hydraulically adjustable link for connection to the upper hinge point and which can be coupled to a hydraulically actuated tractor circuit that controls the lifting and lowering of the three-point linkage the effective length can automatically be reduced as soon as the plowing body is turned between right-hand plowing and left-hand plowing.

The hydraulically operated link can therefore automatically reduce its effective length before reversing the plow bodies, and preferably this is performed simultaneously with the raising of the lower link members. When the plow bodies are turned, the lower links are lowered again and this causes the link to increase its effective length and is ready for a new plowing operation.

Preferably, the link also comprises means for effecting a smaller adjustment of the effective length, in the plowing position, so as to maintain a constant plowing depth for all plow bodies. Such means may comprise a manually operated mechanism, for example a turntable, but are preferably designed as an actuating cylinder.

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In a particularly preferred embodiment, the coupling comprises a double cylinder arrangement in which the (actuating) cylinder can adjust the effective length of the cell for the plow position and the second roller is actuated to reduce the effective length of the cell before commencing the turning of the plow bodies.

Therefore, the first roller can be operated so as to cause any desired adjustment of the plow frame main axis relative to the soil when the plow is in the plowed position, e.g. when the plow is first coupled to the tractor and this effective link length adjustment is therefore maintained for the plowed position no further adjustment is required. The second roller works automatically to shorten the effective length of the link each time the lower link is lifted and then returns the link to its originally set position when the lower link is lowered again, ready for a new plowing operation.

Overview of images in the drawing ’

An exemplary embodiment of a reversible plow according to the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1a to 1e is a schematic representation of a generally known type of reversible plow on which the invention can be used and serves as a basis for the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a hydraulic control circuit of a known double-plow carrier structure in which the plow bodies rotate over the main frame during plow reversal, this is also shown as a basis for the invention;

giant? 2a is a schematic side view showing the initial downward movement of the plow bodies on the main portion of the plow frame in the configuration of FIG. 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a hydraulic control circuit of another known carrier structure in which the plow bodies rotate during the pivot body reversal of the sub-main.

frame and also shows how to set the furrow width;

Fig. 3a is a view similar to Fig. 2a but showing the arrangement of Fig. 3 in which the plow bodies rotate under the main frame;

Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration showing how an integrated combination of a pusher and a reversible plow can perform a reciprocating movement of plow bodies;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of known means for attaching a reversible plow carrier to a three-point linkage of a tractor, this is also described as a basis for the invention; Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a hydraulically operated coupling according to the invention;

Fig. 7a is a schematic side view of an integrated combination of a reversible plow and a plow, showing how the plow first rotates upwardly about the pivot axis during the first plow reversal stage;

Fig. 7b is a view similar to Fig. 7a and showing how it would be impossible with such an arrangement to rotate the pusher and pusher arm down about the inverting axis, due to lack of space;

Fig. 8 is a side view showing in more detail a typical example of an integrated plow and a reversible plow in which the coupling according to the invention shown in Fig. 6 can be used;

Fig. 9 is a rear view corresponding to Fig. 8; and Figs. 10a and 10b are rear views showing an integrated combination raised to two different transport positions.

Said inventions

FIGS. 1a to 1e show schematically known constructions of a reversible plow and show the various settings that can be made and represent the basis for the present invention. Reversible plow. 10 is fully mounted on the three-point hinge H; mounted, at the rear of the agricultural tractor

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The reversible plow 10 has a carrier 12 which is fully mounted on the three-point linkage 11 of the tractor 12 in a known manner, in particular by attaching the two lower links of the three-point linkage 11 to the lower part of the carrier 13 and the upper link linking the upper link with the upper part of the carrier 13.

The lower links are raised and lowered by actuating the hydraulically driven circuit in the tractor-controlled tractor and after completing one field pass, the lower link is lifted to lift the plow bodies from the ground and then to allow the plow bodies to turn (by hydraulic control of the double sided cylinder) before the tractor turns and runs across the field in the opposite direction.

The plow 10 has a plow frame or a main frame 14 which carries along its length a pair of double-sided plow bodies 15 and the carrier defines a pivoting axis 15 about which the plow frame can rotate to turn the plow bodies.

In order to adjust the plow bodies 15 between left-hand plowing and right-hand plowing, it is necessary to first lift the plow bodies 15 out of the ground by raising the lower lifting arms or three-point hitch links and then rotating the plow frame by about 180 ° to turn the plow bodies.

In the known arrangements, the upper link 17 (see Fig. Ic) between the upper hinge of the three-point hinge and the upper part of the carrier 13 is a manually adjustable rod, the effective length of which can be increased or shortened if the plow main axis with respect to maintaining a substantially constant depth of all plow bodies 15. FIG. 1a shows two incorrect settings of the plow bodies 15a, the correct setting (FIG. Ib), which is achieved by a suitable manual adjustment of the link 12.

Giant. Id and le show a reversible plow 10 of the type in which the plowed furrow width can be adjusted and also

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9 shows a schematically rotatable device which can be arranged for changing the furrow width at the front end of the frame. Obviously, to increase the furrow width, the angle of the plow frame 14 with respect to the plowing direction is increased, thereby increasing the lateral distance between the rear outer ends of the plow frame and the swivel axis 16 and therefore moving the center of gravity of the plow frame away from the swivel axis. This means that more torque needs to be transmitted from the tractor engine, but it is more important that when the plow frame performs an initial downward rotation around the invert axis 16, and that sufficient space is available to prevent the plow frame or plow bodies from coming into contact with the soil after the linkage arms of the three-point linkage have lifted the plow bodies from the ground. Giant. Ie shows, in dashed lines, the outline of the frame setting 14 suitable for narrow furrow widths. The following description with reference to Figures 2 to 4 will explain the different ways in which the plow frame can rotate about the inverting axis to reverse the plow bodies.

Giant. 2 shows the carrier 13a in greater detail and also shows the main frame 14 rotatably mounted on the carrier 13a so that it can rotate about the invert axis 16 by the invert roller 20a. The plow width adjusting roller 18 can be controlled to vary the inclination of the frame 14 with respect to the plowing direction by rotating around the pivot 12. Increasing the angle results in the frame 14 extending transversely to the plowing direction to a greater extent and thereby increasing the furrow width. . However, this means that the rear outer end of the frame 14 has a greater distance from the inverting axis 16 than it has when adjusted to a narrow furrow width.

Giant. 2a is a schematic side view showing how the frame 14 rotates about the turning axis 16 during the turning of the plow bodies, and in this case the structure of the carrier is such that the turned bodies are rotating over the main frame. The position of the frame 14 is shown by a solid line for narrow plowing widths and the position of the frame 14 is indicated by dashed lines. for wide plowing widths. Fig. 2 jf ¹ 11 ιι ii.m ^ '.ι · Ι * Ϊμ · * »> 4. ·» λ # ι.; «... ·. <:» .- .: ». · - '- - ·. - <- ·, - χ—- - ·· -. · .. --- .- · - · ··· .......- ~ .: -Λ .Dd ^ .D ^^ -. A.-v-λ \ ^ '>*' ·· * “♦ ·· '·''r * *> · r ♦ *» e!! * * E <fe · rrf' e

shows a known carrier structure in which the inverted bodies rotate over the main frame, while FIG. 3 will be described with reference to a known arrangement in which the inverted bodies rotate under the main frame. These two types of double-sided plow arrangements are known to those skilled in the art and need not be described in detail.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2a, the main frame portion is first pivoted downward around the turning axis 16, and of course, in order not to come in contact with the ground, it is important to provide sufficient space to accommodate this rotation below the turning axis 16 and between this axis and the ground surface.

Obviously, increasing the lateral extent of the plow frame after adjusting the greater furrow width means a requirement for more space available. Similarly, if it is desired to increase the length of the plow frame and / or to add extra pairs of plow bodies, there is also a need for a greater ground clearance available between the turning axis and the soil to accommodate the rotation of the frame and plow bodies. when rotated 90 ° from one plowing position to the other.

Giant. 3 and 3a generally correspond to FIGS. 2 and 2a, but show the rotation of the plow bodies under the main frame.

It is believed that the problem of plow body turning space requirement of the type shown in Fig. 2 can be easily solved only by adapting the alternative arrangement shown in Fig. 3 where the main portion of the plow frame is first pivoted upward about the turning axis by an arc. an angle of movement of 90 ° and which therefore does not have the same absolute requirements for the greater space that should be available between the turning axis and the soil to accommodate the rotation of the main frame portion as in the arrangement of Figure 2a. However, they are attached to the plow frame. other components, in particular

a pusher of known Kverneland Packomat construction, the attachment of the pusher to the plow frame is such that it is essential that the pusher can only perform a downward rotation during the first stage of plow body reversal. The pusher is a bulky part of the device carried at the end of the support arm and it would be impossible to create sufficient space to accommodate the pivotable movement of the pusher accompanying the pivot frame rotating downward as the plow bodies are turned. Therefore, once another component, such as a pusher, is used, it is essential that the arrangement of FIG. 2 is performed in which the plow bodies rotate over the main frame and therefore the space requirement remains as described above.

The present invention has therefore been developed in particular, but not only, to solve plows having a fixed working width and which are either so long and / or wide that they cannot now be reversed without the risk of parts of the plow coming into contact with the plow bodies. soil. In particular, the invention solves this problem by providing an improved form of adjustable top link (replacing the known manually adjustable top link 12.) that can be operated automatically whenever plow bodies need to be reversed to reduce the effective length of the top link and thereby increase the tilting axis inclination relative to horizontal so that much more space is available below the turning axis to accommodate downward rotation of the plow frame and below the turning axis (after initially raising the lower linkage arms of the three-point hitch to lift the plow bodies out of contact with the ground).

Giant. 4 illustrates schematically an integrated combination of a reversible plow 10 and a plow 2Ώ. (not shown in detail), which may be of known construction, obtainable from Kverneland Lkepp-under the trade mark Packomat. It is shown here that it is essential that the pawl 22 always rotate upwardly about the pivot axis during the plowing of the plow bodies. This is possible with a structure such that the inverted bodies move over the frame. A new top link 21 is used and its design and operation will be described in more detail below with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 and its function is to automatically reduce its effective length before the plow bodies begin to turn and usually after lower lifting has started. three-point linkage arms.

Therefore, the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 may be a solution for fixed-width plows that are so long and / or wide that they could not be normally inverted (since there is a risk that parts of the plow will engage the soil during reversal of the plow bodies. at least at the rear end of the plow frame). However, by automatically reducing the effective length of the upper link 21, the inclination to the horizontal axis of the inverting axis (after raising the lift arms) may be sufficient to lift the rear end of the plow frame and then the plow frame may rotate with the pawl attached. of soil.

Giant. 5 shows a known arrangement of a coupling carrier 31 with a three-point linkage 30 of a tractor. The three-point hinge 30 comprises an upper hinge point 15., two lower hinge points 34 and an upper link 41 coupled to the upper hinge point 35, and lower lift arms 32 carrying the lower hinge points 34 at their outer ends and rotatably mounted at their lower ends at the lower hinge point 36. .

The carrier 31 consists of an upper connection point 40 at the upper end of the column 42 and to which an upper hinge point 33 of the upper link 41 may be attached. To complete the assembly, the lower hinge joints 48 may be connected to the lower hinge points 34.

The raising and lowering movement of the lower links 32 can lift the plow bodies from the soil and then rotate the plow bodies into contact with the soil by operating the hydraulically operating circuit ________ ", ________; _U vjlu ··· ^ Úll ^ Lg.WU ^^ ïJIW. ^ KSV ^ .gS ^ WM ^ V ^ WMtÍORÍ ^ .pwwqopt ^^^ e ^ ^ MMy. ^^ M ^ yS ^

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tractor. The upper link 41 can follow the raising and lowering movement and its main function is to control the angle of the main plow axis relative to the soil surface and thereby control the working depth of the plow bodies and to maintain substantially the same plowing depth of all plow bodies. In known constructions, the upper link 41 is a manually adjustable link whose effective length must be adjusted each time it is necessary to adjust the inclination of the column 42 of the assembly relative to the vertical, thereby adjusting the plow depth of the plow bodies as desired.

A preferred embodiment of the invention will be further described with reference to Fig. 6, which illustrates a hydraulically adjustable top link that can be operated automatically each time the plow bodies need to be reversed to reduce the effective length of the top link and thereby increase the tilting axis inclination relative to the horizontal. so that there is a greater space below the turning axis, which is adapted to rotate the longer part of the plow frame (and the pairs of plow bodies carried therewith) downward and below the turning axis.

The embodiment of the hydraulically adjustable upper link 100 of the invention is intended to connect the upper connection point 35 of the three-point hinge to the upper hinge attachment 47 of the column 42 of the carrier assembly 31 shown in FIG. 5. The hydraulically adjustable upper link 100 consists of a double cylinder arrangement a roller A, by which the effective length of the cell can be adjusted when in the plowing position, and a second roller B, which is actuated, to reduce the effective length of the cell before the plowing of the plow body begins. (As an alternative to control roller A, a manually operated mechanism can be used to adjust the length).

The first cylinder A is actuated to fully adjust the length of the cell 100 when in the plowed position and the necessary adjustment is achieved by controlling the flow to or from the cylinder through channels 101 and 102, and

controlled valve 105 and 1Ώ £. Once the necessary lengths have been set in the plowing position, the channels 101 and 102 are closed by closing the valves 105 and 106. This setting is then maintained as long as the same tractor and the same plow (and the same plow depth set) are to be used.

Conversely, the second cylinder B is connected to the hydraulic control circuit of the tractor, which controls the operation of the lift arms as well as a conventional return cylinder (not shown) which rotates the plow frame about the inverting axis and is connected so that the effective length of the cell 100 before the invert mechanism of the plow bodies begins to operate. During normal plowing operation, the second roller B will be in a fully extended position, which is achieved by bringing hydraulic fluid into and out of channel 104. 103. When the plow bodies are lifted from the soil by lifting both lower arms of the three-point linkage, it raises relative to the soil surface, but at the same time the inverting axis tilts upward relative to the soil surface by automatically reducing the effective length of the upper hinge 100 by flowing hydraulic fluid into channel 103 and draining channel 104 until the second cylinder B is fully retracted.

Another advantageous feature shown in FIG. 6 optionally comprises a hydraulic accumulator 107 which is the connection to the conduit leading to the channel 103. This can act as a damper for the forces occurring in the upper link 100 and thereby reduce the maximum forces applied to the main components of the plow. effectively increase the life of the main components.

Giant. 7a illustrates an integrated combination of the pusher 20a and the reversible plow 10, and in particular, illustrates how it is essential for the assembly to rotate about the pivot axis in such a way that the pusher 20 and the plow arm 50 have to pivot upward during the first stage of plowing .

Giant. 7b is a similar view and illustrates how it will be impossible for the assembly to rotate so that the pusher 20 and the pusher arm 50 rotate downward about the invert axis because there will be insufficient space and the pusher and its parts will necessarily come into contact with the soil .

Giant. 8, 9, 10a and 10b are further views, much more detailed, of a typical example of an integrated combination of a plower 60 and a reversible plow 41 in which a hydraulically adjustable coupling according to the invention can be used as described with reference to FIG. 6.

Claims (15)

PATENT CLAIMS A reversible plow (10) comprising: a carrier (13, 31) that can be mounted on a three-point linkage (30) of a tractor or other propulsion vehicle (12) and is provided with two lower attachment points (34) and an upper attachment point (35), wherein the lower attachment point (34) can be connected to a lower part (48) of the carrier and which comprises lower links (32) that are hydraulically adjustable up and down to raise and lower the carrier (13, 31); a plow frame (14) carrying pairs of double-sided plow bodies (15) arranged along its length, wherein the plow frame (14) is mounted on a support (13, 31) so as to rotate about a turning axis (16) defined by the support (14). 13, 31), at an angle of about 180 ° to adjust the plow bodies (15) between left and right plowing; and a link (100) for connecting the upper hinge point (35) of the three-point hinge to the upper carrier part (47), wherein the link member is; adjustable its effective length, while adjusting the inclination of the main plow axis relative to the soil surface and thereby controlling the working depth of the plow bodies; characterized in that the link (100) is hydraulically adjustable and is adapted to be coupled to a hydraulically actuated circuit of the propulsion vehicle so as to reduce in use its effective length in use before the plow frame (14) starts to rotate about the pivoting axis (16) ). Plow according to claim 1, characterized in that it has plow bodies rotatable around the plow frame, wherein the longer part of the frame is first pivoted down and then below the axis by an arc at an angle of about 90 ° before turning upwards by an angle v about 90 ° to reach a new plowing position. Plow according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has fixed widths of plowed furrows. • * WTO! 9? WWWWW «WjWJWJeW5W« ^^ ·. tht «i áč áč áč áč áč áč áč! Im!!!! Im Im .... w «. »" "." - ~. - Jy ^. ·; · - · · - ··. · - - .v - —........ * γ ···· γγ Plow according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has adjustable plow widths. 5. A new carrier arrangement for attaching the plow frame (14) to the three-point linkage of the tractor, which includes a hydraulically adjustable link (100), to be coupled to the upper link point (35) that can be hydraulically actuated to the tractor and lowered ( 32) to which it controls the three-point hitch, so that its effective length can be automatically reduced after commencing the turning sequence of plow bodies between left-hand plowing and right-hand plowing. Carrier arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the automatic adjustment of the effective length of the link is arranged to coincide with the raising of the lower links (32) of the three-point linkage. Carrier arrangement according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the link (100) comprises means (A) for performing a smaller adjustment of the effective length when the plow is in the plowed position in order to maintain a constant plow depth of all plow bodies. . A plow according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a carrier arrangement according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the link (100) comprises an arrangement of two rollers (A, Β) wherein the first roller (A) can be adjusted to an effective length. plow for the position of plowing and the second cylinder with. actuates to reduce the effective length of the cell before commencing the pivoting of the plow bodies. 9. Hydraulically adjustable coupling link (100) - for attaching the tractor's three-point linkage upper coupling point (35), characterized in that it can be connected to a hydraulically controlled tractor circuit, the coupling member being able to automatically reduce its effective length after commencing a pivot sequence bodies between left-hand plowing and right-hand plowing. A hydraulically adjustable coupling link according to claim 9, characterized in that it is capable of automatically reducing the collection of effective length simultaneously with the raising of the lower hinges (32) of the three-point hitch. A hydraulically adjustable link according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises means (A) for performing a smaller adjustment of the effective length of the link (100) when the plow is in the plowed position so as to maintain a substantially constant plow depth of all plužních těles. A hydraulically adjustable linkage according to claim 11 and comprising a two-cylinder arrangement, characterized in that the first cylinder (A) is capable of - to set the effective length of the plow (100) for the plow position and the second roller (B) can be activated to reduce the effective length of the plow before the plow bodies are turned. A hydraulically adjustable link according to claim 12, characterized in that the second roller (B) operates automatically to shorten the effective link length each time the lower links (32) are lifted and then the link can return to its initially set length once the lower links (32) of the three-point linkage are lowered ready for a new plowing operation. . A hydraulically adjustable coupling according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that it comprises an accumulator (10.7) for damping the forces exerted by the coupling on the plow. 15. The hydraulically adjustable coupling element of claim 9, wherein the link can be hydraulically coupled. the actuated circuit of the tractor which indicates in the SEMBE the operation of (a) raising and lowering the three-point linkage lower links and / or (b) operation of the plow double-sided roller.