CZ57792A3 - building system of room-size elements - Google Patents

Abstract

Building system for building construction with transverse the supporting walls comprise hollow space units (1) parallelism on the two most diverse opposites vertical walls open. The spatial unit (1) is formed two supporting rectangular frames (2) and ribbed frames supporting members, such as floor panels (3), wall-mounted panels (4) and ceiling panels (5) that are fixed to rectangular frames (2). The panels (3, 4, 5) can be windowed openings (12), door openings (13), openings for different manholes or stair shoulders. The spatial unit (1) is on the outside the surface with ribs (6,7) parallel to the rectangular ones frames (2) and ribs (8,9) perpendicular to rectangular frames (2). The spatial units (1) are placed in the outer rows the planes of the rectangular frames (2) together, the rows being together adjacent to each other both horizontally and vertically they are offset by half the width of the spatial units (1) and are connected to each other both horizontally and vertically direction using rods or other suitable means

Description

The invention relates to a Hyscell Building Construction System of spatial panels which are manufactured from planar panels and assembled into spatial panels by attaching planar side, ceiling, and floor ribbed panels to supporting rectangular frames.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of prefabricated spatial medium-sized and very large spatial components has been known for many decades. Compared to panel panels, they have the advantage of largely transferring work from construction sites under the roof to an industrial plant, where in any weather most of the construction work can be rationally mechanized and spatial components can only be assembled on site. bars and planks, from various side frames and planks, which are then assembled to the building site and assembled by placing the planks together and above each other for the meeting.

There are known large spatial pieces of the size of whole rooms (eg in former USSR), or large-sized heavy spatial pieces tunnel-shaped to the full depth of objects with solid or lightened side walls (eg Finnish LOHJA BOX UNIT SYSTEM) eg the SHEL1EY construction system in the USA /, or universal space skeleton elements (eg VARIEl system), or spatial elements with hinged side and folding side walls, folded during transport to save space (e.g. TERRAPIN system / etc.

Each of these systems solves less or more advantages over other prefabricated or spatial prefabricated systems, but they also have other disadvantages, which can generally be emphasized as requiring special technological equipment, special means of transport and heavy-duty communications. spatial elements have relatively limited variability in layout and architectural design. · V o;

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned disadvantages of the known spatial pre-fabrication are largely eliminated by the invention of the HYSCEL1z building system of spatial components with rectangular supporting frames for residential and other buildings.

The advantages of this system consist in the fact that the elements are maximally lightened, their shape and method of assembly in the selected modular network can be used to assemble the optimal layout of apartments with rich architectural formability of the facade. parts and ribbed plates, which means saving of work in the production, on the construction site and during transport without more demanding technological equipment than hitherto known. The spatial components according to the invention can be produced in different material variants and the flat parts can be solid, lightened into ribbed plates, with openings for windows, doors, stair arms, installation shafts and mutual combination of assemblies of these planar parts into spatial parts, a sufficiently numerous variability of solid, communication, loggia and When assembling, they place themselves on top of one another and not on the other side, but with an offset of half the width of the spatial panel to the binding. This allows the HYSCEIL system with ribs along the outer perimeter of the spatial panel to support the adjacent, lower and upper rows By their interconnection of ribs of neighboring, upper and lower spatial components, even for seismic areas, greater stability of the whole object is ensured by interconnecting the spatial components horizontally. vertically, or in another suitable way.

An essential feature of the invention is, apart from the assembly with an overlap of half the width of the part, so that the joints do not run directly anywhere, that the supporting part of the spatial panel are flat rectangular frames. a lightweight, dense frame frame that is durable throughout the life of the building, while the architectural façade elements and heat-insulating non-load-bearing open-end faces of the edge and side edge walls may possibly be replaced with new, science-based and advanced knowledge physical better compliant or more modern.

The basic spatial component according to the invention is in the form of a perpendicular parallelepiped and consists of two supporting longitudinal rectangular frames framing the two perpendicular open facades and the remaining four perpendicularly connected rectangular ribbed plates or the side, floor and ceiling panels hinged to the supporting rectangular frames and provided on the outer surfaces parallel to each other by sets of ribs * parallel and perpendicular to the supporting rectangular frames.

A set of ribs parallel to the supporting rectangular frames and with a longitudinal perpendicular plane of symmetry of the parallelepiped, halving the distance between the planes of the rectangular frames, consists of one symmetrical pair of edge ribs lining the edges of wall, floor and ceiling panels. The spacers having a pitch between the two facing vertical walls of the inner pair of ribs equal to the sum of the two thicknesses of the edge ribs and the two rib thicknesses of the support rectangular frames and the shape of the parallel ribs of the planar frames correspond to the shape of the ribs of the support rectangular frames.

The system of ribs perpendicular to the supporting rectangular frames consists in particular of the ribs of the wall, floor and ceiling planar panels on the four outer horizontal edges of the parallelepiped, through which the wall, floor astroplate panels are perpendicularly connected.

The girders interrupt the rectangular course of the system of ribs parallel to the supporting rectangular frames and serve for placing the upper spatial elements on the lower one, while inside the parallelepiped corner stiffenings with horizontal holes are created along the joint edges of the wall and ceiling panels. .

Holes can be created in the side, floor and ceiling ribbed wall walls, eg in side walls for windows, doors, floor and ceiling panels for vertical shafts, or stair arms. Conversely, load-bearing rectangular frames can be added up to a full-surface wall, optionally with openings for doors and windows, or be provided with loggia walls, railings and the like.

- 4 Overview of the drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of two rows of spatial panels; FIGS. 2 to 7 are schematic axonometric illustrations of the laying of the spatial panels side by side and on top of each other; Fig. 9 is an axonometric view of the assembled and unfolded spatial panel; Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the ceiling; and Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional drawing of a beam composed of dies ribs of four adjacent spatial panels upper and lower.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of two rows of spatial elements in a modular square network with the size of a large module 1VM = 120 cm, width of a spatial element 2xVM = 240 cm, half-width width 1VM = 120 cm. for which the size M = 5 cm was chosen. The axial constructive height of floors for residential buildings is 6OxM = 300 cm. The large VM module has a dimension of 24xM = 120 cm. The axial length of the spatial elements for medium span of transverse load-bearing walls is 4xVM + 6M. , 5xVM + 6M, 6xVH + 6M, ie 510, 630 and 750 cm, which are spans more advantageous than the existing central span of 600 cm and smaller, where the floor plan of living rooms are on the border of hygiene standards, unlike spans 630 and 750 cm , which richly comply with the prepared hygiene standards, which should apply after 2000,

FIG. 2 schematically depicts the entire and half space members (for terminating the rows of members).

Figures 3 to 6 show a schematic axonometric representation of the shifting of the spatial tiles on top of one another and side by side, offset by half the width of the spatial tile, i.e. by 1 VM.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic axonometric representation of the sequential assembly of the arrangement of the spatial elements in rows perpendicular to each other and the subsequent installation of the peripheral facade panels.

Fig. 8 is a schematic axonometric representation of the possibility of alternatively mounting an object sequentially from the load-bearing rectangular frames of the spatial panels by attaching the erected load-bearing rectangular frames to the floor panels to form a thin-walled frame skeleton which is complementary and braced laterally. 1 VM overlapping wall panels of adjacent spatial panels and ceiling with ribbed slabs of ceiling panels, which double

- 5 again with an overlap of 1 VM floorboards of the floor panels, fastened and suspended to the rectangular supporting frames of the upper floor and so on. The sides of the entire floors are fitted with the necessary insulating peripheral panels of solid walls, eventually. with window openings, loggia and other elements. At the same time, the interior between the load-bearing transverse walls that separate the individual apartments, install light partition walls of the apartment rooms and interconnect utilities.

Fig. 9 is an axonoraetric representation of a completed spatial panel.

In the perspective view of Fig. 10, the spatial panel is divided into its six parts, of which it is composed. The spatial panel 1 is in the shape of a parallelepiped with two open faces, framed by supporting rectangular frames 2, which duplicate the spatial panels when assembled The slender load-bearing rectangular frames for medium spans, either of prestressed concrete, or of steel, aluminum alloys or other suitable materials, are hinged and fastened to the floor ribs 3, side wall 4 and ceiling 5. These flat ribs the panels are provided on the outer surface of a parallelepiped with a running pair of longitudinal ribs parallel to the rectangular frames, one symmetrical pair of edge ribs 6 flanking the two longitudinal edges of the floor, wall side and ceiling panels 7 and the other pair of internal ribs 7 symmetrically distributed over both sides from the plane of symmetry of the parallelepiped, the spacing between two vertical walls facing each other is equal to the sum of the two rectangular frame thicknesses and the two edge rib thicknesses which are positioned between the inner pair of ribs when fitting adjacent spatial sections of the side, top and bottom rows half of the width of the panel, i.e. by 1 VM, the pair of edge ribs 6 being identical in shape to the pair of inner ribs 7.

On the ribbed floor panel 3 there are two horizontal ribs 8 perpendicular to the rectangular frames 2, which, with a pair of edge ribs 6, form a border of the floor panel with reinforcement by an inner pair of ribs 7 of the floorboard panel. pairs of edge ribs 6 and inner 7 on each side above the side wall panel, one rib each through a horizontal pin, to the supporting rectangular frames 2, and the two ribs 9 form an overhang on both end side edges of the ceiling plate 5 and an internal haunch, which forms a corner reinforcement 11 along the entire length of the girders on the inside of the spatial panel and corresponds to the haunch shape JH of the rectangular supporting frames. In these trough-shaped ribs S with a lead 11, there is an opening 10 for horizontal switching of the spatial elements 7 along the entire length of the rib and its position corresponds to the same hole 10 in the corners of the supporting frames 2.The side panels 4 may be solid or lightweight, thin-walled. , with internal insulation with two pairs and ribs 6 and inner 7, or with openings for windows 12 or for doors 13, or this side wall can be configured as a rectangular frame 15. In the floor plate 3 and the ceiling plate 5, and other openings, for example, for vertical shafts of various kinds, or for placing stair arms with peripheral transverse stiffening ribs 16.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the floor and ceiling panel after the lower and upper space panels 7 are assembled, wherein the lower and upper floor panels overlap by half the width of the panel to form a hollow ceiling with a group of ribs composed of ribs of double adjacent rectangular frames 2; the ribs of the edge pair 6 and the inner pair of ribs 7 of the ceiling and floor panels. On the ceiling thus assembled, after mounting the space panels, a soffit layer is attached from below and from above to the floor panel.

Fig. 12 shows in cross-section a die assembled from two adjacent ceiling dies 9 with haunches 11 and an opening for switching 10 of the lower space members 2 ^and two adjacent dies 8 of the upper space members.

Industrial applicability

Building the HYSCEDL system from spatial components is applicable both in the building industry for prefabricated production of building components for residential and other housing development, and in the toy industry as a diminutive kit of real residential and other buildings for education and play of children, students and builders, investors and authorities for appraisal proceedings of housing and other buildings.

Claims (6)

Spatial panel construction system, characterized in that the support part is a flat longitudinal rectangular frame (2) on a central span, which in the building with transverse load-bearing walls forms a light frame skeleton on which the ribbed plates of flat The floor panels (5), wall panels (4) and ceiling panels (5) and the spatial panels (1) thus formed are of floor height and their width is equal to two large modules (2VM) of the selected square modular ground grid structure. 2. Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the spatial elements (1) in adjacent rows and in rows above each other are assembled to one another and one above the other at an offset of half their width, i.e. one large module of the selected square modular network. 5. A building system according to clause 1a, characterized in that there may be openings for windows (12), for doors and in panel parts of floor panels (1) in the ribbed plates of the wall panels (4). 3 / and the ceiling / 5 / can be openings for different shafts or stair arms / 14 / hemmed ribs / 16 / and such diverse panels can be combined with each other into different assembled spatial panels / 1 / which can optionally be supplemented with peripheral insulating flat or solid panels with loggia or other façade elements or interior partitions and installations. 4. Building system. 3. The spacers according to claim 1, characterized in that the spatial component (1) is in the form of a perpendicular hollow parallelepiped on two opposing most dimensional vertical surfaces open and is composed of two supporting vertical longitudinal rectangular frames (2) framing the two open front planes parallelism and the remaining. four perpendicularly connected rectangular ribbed plates of planks of two side walls (4), floor (3) and ceiling (57) and provided with symmetrical system of ribs (6,7) parallel to supporting rectangular frames (2) and other ribs (8) 9 perpendicular to the supporting rectangular frames (2) on the four horizontal edges of the parallelepiped. Construction system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the system of ribs (6,7) parallel to the supporting rectangular frames (2) and the longitudinal perpendicular plane of symmetry of the parallelepiped, halving the distance between the planes of the rectangular frames (2), from one symmetrical pair of edge ribs (6) lining the edges of the floor (3), wall (4) and ceiling (5) panels, and from another symmetrical inner pair of ribs (7) on these planks having a spacing between two k the vertical walls of the inner pairs of ribs (7) facing each other equal to the sum of the two thicknesses of the peripheral ribs (6) and the two ribs of the supporting rectangular frames (2) and the shape of these parallel ribs (6,7) corresponds to the ribs of the supporting rectangular frames / 2 /. 6. A system according to any one of Claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the ribs (8, 5) perpendicular to the load-bearing rectangular frames (2) consist in particular of the ribs of the floor (3), wall (4) and ceiling (5) panels. (planks on the four outer horizontal edges of the parallelepiped that interrupt the outer rectangular course of the set of ribs parallel to the supporting rectangular frames / 2) and on such girders (5) of the ceiling slab (5) are placed girders (8) of floorboards / 3) of the upper space members (1) on the lower one, wherein inside the parallelepiped, corner stiffeners (11) with horizontal openings (10) are formed along the contact edges of the wall panels (4) and the ceiling (5) for connecting the spatial members (1) by means of handles , or other suitable method.