DD237253A1 - Means to influence plant growth and plant development - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a means for influencing plant growth and development. It contains besides a phosphoric acid ester as additional components 2-Chlorethanphosphonsaeure, chlorocholine chloride, 0,0-dibutyl-1-butylaminocyclohexanphosphonat, 4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-2-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine, 2-methylthio-4 isopropylamino-6-methylamino-1,3,5-triazine or p-nitrophenol.

Description

R ₂ = H, lower alkyl,

and R ₃ = H or-P- (OH) ₂ .

2. means for influencing the plant growth and the plant development according to item 1, characterized in that they as an additional component

2-chloroethanephosphonic acid, chlorocholine chloride, O-O-dibutyl-i-butylaminocyclohexanephosphonate, 4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-2-methylthio-1, 3,5-triazine, 2-methylthio-4-isopropylamino-6-methylamino-1,3, 5-triazine or p-nitrophenol.

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to novel plant growth regulators which, in particular, enable the improvement of cultivation and harvesting technologies.

Characteristic of the known solutions

It is known that one can intervene on the basis of the current state of knowledge about the mode of action of the negative phytohormones and inhibitors specifically in plant processes. It is also known that substances such as chlorocholine chloride, 2-Chlorethanphosphonsäure, succinic acid dimethylhydrazide u. a. as artificial regulators of plant metabolism and growth. Such regulators can attack a wide variety of receptors and trigger different reactions depending on the stage of development of the plants, the mode of administration, the time of application, the concentration and the preparation of the active ingredient. This results in a variety of applications. In this way, one can specifically promote or inhibit germination processes. In addition to general morphological changes of the plant, the length or thickness growth can be controlled. In addition, the vegetative and generative bud formation, the flowering process and the sexual determination are influenced as well as to achieve parthenocarpe effects. By promoting the release tissue formation, defoliation or facilitation of the harvest is achieved by reducing the fruit retention forces.

Not insignificant are applications of growth regulators and metabolic regulators, which favorably influence the transport and storage properties and increase the persistence or tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors.

It should also be emphasized that the use of such regulators has a decisive influence on nutrient uptake, nutrient transport as well as on the formation and composition of contents and storage substances of plants.

Furthermore, it is known that increases in activity are caused by combination of known agents, which exceed the results of the single substance application.

Thus, mixtures of 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid and cyanamide are used for the defoliation of wine, fruit trees and other crops (DE-OS 2111178, FR-PS 2128278). A growth inhibition and stalk stabilization in grasses can be caused by application of a mixture of 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid and 2-chloro-9-fluoro-carboxylate (DE-OS 2219525).

If 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid is combined with 2-chloroethanephosphonic anhydride, the biological activity over the individual substances is improved (GB-PS 1224591, CH-PS 509763, FR-PS 2000815). It is also known that mixtures of differently substituted phosphonic acids can promote or suppress a variety of physiological reactions. Such mixtures can promote, for example, the flower formation, the peak growth or the driving of the shoots suppress (DE-OS 1667968, JA-PS 7220018, GB-PS 1194433, FR-PS 1555173, CH-PS 521707).

Other studies have gone to increase the latex flow by combining 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid amide with 2-bromoethylphosphonic acid (GB-PS 1327905, JA-PS 26800).

Since some of the combination partners mentioned are difficult to access, on the other hand, the mixtures mentioned toxicologically not safe, yet none of these combinations could prevail in practice.

-2-goal of the invention

The object of the invention is to find suitable agents which are capable of achieving growth-regulatory effects on economically important crop plants in accordance with the requirements of the practice, which also enable an improvement of the cultivation and harvesting technologies.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

This object is achieved in that the means for influencing plant growth and plant development in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as the active ingredient at least one compound of the general formula

R _{2 is} -CP- (OH) ₂

in the R ₁ = H, OH or lower alkyl

R ₂ = H, lower alkyl, | ¹ N or / N

-P-

and R ₃ = H or -P- (OH) ₂ ; contain.

As additional components, they may include 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid, chlorocholine chloride, O, O-dibutyl-1-butylaminocyclohexanephosphonate, -ethylamino-e-isoprubylamino-methylthio-1-, S-triazine-methylthio-A-isopropylamino-6-methylamino-1 , 3,5-triazine or p-nitrophenol.

Depending on the dose, the time of application and the mode of administration, various processes are significantly influenced in practice, e.g. Changes in the growth form through changes in apicidal dominance, regulation of flower formation, fruit set and sex determination. In particular, in the deflation with the combinations lower concentrations are necessary than the individual active ingredients and in other known defoliants.

Furthermore, the agents according to the invention can be used if vegetative plant growth is inhibited

should. ,

For the combinations, both with the formula according to GOWING (Weeds, 8, (1960) 3) and with the aid of the independence model ("The Pharmacy" 36, 1981, No. 2, "For the calculation and evaluation of active ingredient combinations", GROEGER, LANG , MICHEL) synergism with respect to the defoliation effect.

The application of the agents according to the invention is advantageously carried out in the usual for biological process control preparations or application forms, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions and concentrates, with the addition of liquid and / or solid carriers or diluents usually with the addition of surfactants and other

Formulation aids can be prepared and diluted with water for use. .

The application forms depend on the intended use. In any case, they have to ensure a fine distribution of the active substances. The preparation of the preparations is carried out in a conventional manner by mixing and milling.

embodiments

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention without limiting it.

In the tables, the substances mean

A = 1-hydroxyethane-bisphosphonic acid

B = pyrolidinomethane-bis-phosphonic acid

C = 2-phenoxyethanephosphonic acid

D = piperidinomethane-bis-phosphonic acid

E = 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid

F = chlorocholine chloride

G = (!, O-dibutyl-i-butylaminocyclohexanephosphonate

H = p-nitrophenol

I = 4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-2-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine

K = 2-methylthio-4-isopropylamino-6-methylamino-1,3,5-triazine

Example 1 Defoliation / Siccation in Cotton

In order to determine defoliant properties of the compositions according to the invention, cotyledons of cotton seedlings are dipped in test solutions of different concentrations. The evaluation of the defoliation effect takes place after 12 days by counting the discarded cotyledons and the siccation by Bonitur.

Table 1 Defoliation (%) of the combinations A + E, G, H, I, K

combination Conc. substance KP relationship Fallen leaves (%) Y He e He-E partner (KP) % shares% 50 X A 50 5 35 5 +30 A + E 0.01 50 50 1: 1 0 35 60 35 +25 0.1 50 50 1: 1 0 15 100 15 +85 1.0 50 50 1: 1 0 20 90 20 +70 A + G 1.0 50 50 1: 1 0 25 85 25 +60 A + H 0.1 50 50 1: 1 0 75 100 75 +25 A + I 0.1 50 50 1: 1 0 70 100 70 +30 1.0 50 1: 1 0 15 70 15 +55 A + K 0.1 50 1: 1 0

The effect improvement achieved by the combinations is, as shown in Table 1, caused by synergistic effects, the combination was calculated according to the formula (GOWING 1960):

2 «χ ₊ y (ioo - χ)

E = theoretical effect with additive effect of the substances A and KP with the dose ρ + q

χ = effect of the substance A with the dose ρ y = effect of the substance KP with the dose q

If the theoretical effect (E) is compared with the (Er) determined in the experiment, the following relationships apply:

E> Er & antagonism E <Er = synergism

E = Er = additive effect ^

Table 2 Sikkation in% of the combination A + H Combination Conc. Substance Partner (KP)% shares%

A KP

relationship

Sikkierte plants χ y E _R

He-E

10

50

90

+90

Synergism was calculated according to the table

Example 2 Defoiiation / Siccation in Cotton

The cotton plants are treated according to Example 1. The calculation of the experiment took place after the

Dependency model (LANG & GROEGER, 1978)

Table 3 Defoiiation / siccation of the combination A + E

dose

attempt

dose

independently

quotient

rating

% Defoliation (including siccation) ¹

90:10

70:30

50:50

30:70

1.0 4.74 0.5 7.11 0.25 4.74 0,125 5.4 0.0625 0.77 1.0 2.75 0.5 2.06 0.25 4.92 0,125 1.42 1.0 1.08 0.5 1.24 0.25 0.22 0,125 1.39 1.0 0.77 0.5 0.88 0.25 0 0,125 1.0 0.5 0.25 0,125

0 0 0 0 5 0.21 * 50 0.07 * 65 0.05 * 50 0.02 * 55 1.29 25 0.18 * 70 0.12 * 60 0,025 * 85 0.70 65 0.46 55 0.20 60 0.56 10 0.72 75 0.65 55 0.28 60 0

Table 3 Defoliation / Siccation of the combination A + E

dose dose quotient % Defoliation attempt independently rating (incl.siccation) ¹ 1 2 3 1.0 1.08 0.92 75 +++ 0.5 0.79 0.63 65 +++ 0.25 0.68 0.36 60 +++ 0,125 0.21 0.58 20 + + + 1.0 70 +++ 0.5 - 30 +++ 0.25 70 +++ 0,125 15 +++ 0.0625 0 ++ + '

Column 1: Dose used in the experiment Column 2: Theoretical dose calculated from the individual effects of the substance Column 3: Multiples of the actual dose versus theor. dose

* Significance

Example 3 Defoliation / Siccation in Cotton The cotton plants are treated according to Example 1.

Table 4 Defoliation / Siccation of Cotton Defoliation: Decayed Leaves Siccation: Bonitur-weak + medium + + strong +++

connection Conc. from B · 1.0 40 0.25 20 0.063 0 0,015 10 D 1.0 40 0.25 20 0.063 20 0,015 25 ethephon 1.0 80 0.25 5 0.63 0 0,015 20

fallen leaves

desiccation

Example 4 Sikkation on bush bean bush bean plants (variety Jutta) were treated after full development of the first 2 leaves with an application rate of 1000 l / ha of an emulsion of the inventive compositions. The plants were further cultivated in the greenhouse. After 14 days, the scoring of the damaged leaf area was in percent. The results were calculated according to GOWING (1960) for synergism. (see page 1).

Table 5 Sikkierte leaf area in% of the combination A + G

combination Conc.% Substance shares% relationship Sikkierte leaf area% y 0 He e 0 He-E partner (KP) A G X 3 5 3 + 5 A + G 0,125 90:10 9: 1 , 0 22 10 22 + 7 0,125 70:30 7: 3 0 45 30 45 , + 8 0,125 50:50 1: 1 0 65 80 65 +35 0,125 30:70 3: 7 0 90 +25 0,125 10:90 1: 9 0

Example 5

Wheat plants (variety Mironowskaja) and barley plants (variety Erfa) were treated in the 2-leaf stage with the agents according to the invention by briefly immersing the leaves in the solution. The cultivation of the grain took place in the climatic chamber in hydroponic culture under long-day conditions. The evaluation took place after 14 days. The criterion of the effect is the length of the glimmering bar between the 1st and 2nd leaves in relation to the control. In addition, the plant mass was determined.

Table 6 Wheat

(Values in relation to the control / K = 100)

connection Concentration% AS La D 10 " ² 73 10- ' 36 10 ° 20 F ΙΟ ' ² 80 ΙΟ '' 66 10 ° 40 D + F io- ³ 79 (1: 3) ΙΟ '' 45 10 ° 29 D + F ΙΟ " ² 76 (1: 1) 10- ' 48 10 ° 31 D + F 10 " ² 66 (3: 1) io ' 40 10 ° 26

Dimensions

84 42 30 95 91 74 100 68 28 88 63 33 88 70 35

Table 7 Barley

(Values in relation to the control / K = 100)

connection

Concentration% AS

length

Dimensions

io \

10 °

ΙΟ " ²

10- '

10 °

ΙΟ " ²

10- '

10 °

10- ²

10- '

10 °

io- ²

10-10 °

80 44 37 73 48 37 78 43 37 77 38 31 83 32 25

86 + 51

29+ + 100 96 84 80 47

29+ + 88 43

31 + + 90 59 39 +

Example 6 Growth inhibition in field beans

Field beans are treated in the 2-leaf stage at a rate of 60ÖI / ha with an emulsion of the compositions of the invention. The further cultivation of the plants took place under long-day conditions. The evaluation took place after 3 weeks. As a criterion of the effect were used plant length, internode number and green mass in relation to the control. Each 10 plants were used.

Table 8 Growth inhibition in field beans by the agents according to the invention

Compound Conc.% Plant length Internode number Green mass

"/ ozurcontr.% tocontr.% tocontr.

B 1.0 100 100 97

0.5 104 102 105

0.1 92 97 91

C 1.0 100. 99 89

0.5 104 100 118

0.1 99 103 100

D 1.0 78 96 80

0.5 92 100 87

0.1 103 103 102

Alar85 1.0 59 96 74

0,187,997

Example 7 Growth inhibition in tobacco

Tobacco plants (Nicotianatabacum var. Undulata) variety "Canella" were treated in the 2-4-leaf stage with an application rate of 600 l / ha with an emulsion of the agents according to the invention The plants were further cultured in the greenhouse The application took place after 4 weeks The effect was plant length and green mass, 10 plants each.

Table 9 Growth inhibition in tobacco by the agents according to the invention

,Connection Conc.% Planzenlänge green Measurements % ZurKontr. % ZurKontr. B 1.0 92 96 0.1 96 105 0.01 92 93 C 1.0 90 81 0.1 95 93 0.01 109 113 D 1.0 83 86 0.1 97 88 0.01 93 100 ethephon 0.1 49 73 0.05 78 94 0.01 97 108

Example 3

Chrysanthemum plants (variety "White Spider") were treated with an emulsion of the agents according to the invention in the 2-4-leaf stage at an application rate of 600 l / ha The plants were further cultivated in the greenhouse The evaluation took place after 5 weeks

 Criterion of the effect are plant length and green mass in relation to the control. In each case 10 plants were used.

Table 10 Growth inhibition in chrysanthemums by the agents according to the invention compound conc.%

D 3.0

0.1 Alar85 5.0

Example 9 Growth Inhibition in Tomato

Tomato plants (variety "Harzfeuer") were treated with an emulsion of the agents according to the invention at a rate of 600 l / ha in the 2-4 * leaf stage The plants were further cultivated in the greenhouse The evaluation took place after 4 weeks and green mass in relation to control.

In each case 10 plants were used.

plant height green Measurements % ZurKontr. % ZurKontr. 43 48 91 89 110 107 48 77

Table 11 Growth inhibition in tomato by the compositions of the invention

connection

Conc.%

Plant length% to contrast.

Green mass% to contrast.

B 1.0 0.1 0.01 C 1.0 0.1 0.01 D 1.0 0.1 0.01 CCC 1.0 (Molded)

109 101 96 108 112 109 81 112 114 83

Claims (1)

invention claim 1. A composition for influencing plant growth and the development of plants, characterized in that they contain, in addition to customary excipients and carriers as the active ingredient at least one compound of the general formula I Jl
, -CP- ( R _{2 is} -CP- (OH) ₂ , R ₃ __...__
in the Ri = H, OH or lower alkyl,