DD280010A3 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPLEX SUPPORT ON STEEL ELEMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the chemical heat treatment of metals and alloys, in particular to processes for the production of coatings on steel elements. The object of the invention is to increase the wear resistance of coatings and to intensify the treatment process. The production of complex coatings takes place in two stages. First, it is heated in a pulverulent saturated medium to 560-720C and held this temperature for 0.6-1.2 h, then it is heated at a rate of 0.8-2.4C / s up to 950-110C, this temperature 1.2-1.8 h and cooled at a rate of 1.2-2.4C / s to a temperature between 300 and 500C; this treatment is repeated 2 to 8 times. The treated elements have the lowest relative wear rate, which is 12.2 g / m2s.

Description

_ / j- - 280 O

OIMCAHME MSOEPETEHKFK ABTOPCKOMY CBM ₁ HETEJEbCTBy 3aHBKa: W 3979952 / 22-02

3aHBJieHo: 05.12.85 MKM ⁴ : C 23 C 12/00

ABTopn: Μ.Μ.ΙΟρκοΒ, E.B.BacHJiBeBa H H.B.CTenanoBa

3aHBHTejiB: HayqHO-HccjieÄOBaTejiLCKHH hhcthtyt τθχηολο-

ΓΗΗ aBTOMOÖHJIBHOH ΠρΟΜΗΙΜβΗΗΟΟΤΗ H 3aBOfl-ΒΤΥ3 ΠρΗ MoCitOBCKOM aBTOMOÖHJIBHOM 3aB0Äe

Hm. M.A.JlHxaqeBa

Ha3BaiiHe ηθοορθτθηηη: CIlOCOB IIOOTEHMH KOMTLHEKCHLK

HA CTAJIBHLK

Μ300ρβτβΗΗβ OTHOCHTCH κ MeTajHiyprHH, a ημθηηο κ xHMHKo-TepMH ^ ecKOÄ oöpaöoTKe weTajuioB η cnjiaBOB, β raCTHOCTH K CnOCOOaM nO ^ y ^ Ehhh ΚΟΜΠΛθΚΟΗΗΧ nOKpHTHH Ha cTajiBHHX ^ eTaJiHX, η μο & θτ ÖHTB HcnojiB3OBaHo β MeTajuiyp-γηη, ManiHHOCTpoeHHH, πρΗόοροοτροβΗΗΗ, a tak " e γορηολοοη-BaromeÄ, ΗθφΤθΑΟΟΜΒ3Ι01Ι {ΘΗ Η ΗβφΤβΧΗΜΗ ^ βΟΚΟΗ ΠρΟΜΗΙΜθΗΗΟ-CTH.

LIBRARY Η3ΟΟρθΤθΗΗΗ - ΠΟΒΗΠΙθΗΗθ HSHOCOCTCHKOCTH ΠΟ-

κρυτΗΗ η HHTeH ^ HKaUHH npoiiecca oöpaOOTKH.

Cnocoö nojiy ^ eHHH κομπλθκοηηχ ποκρϋΤΗΗ Ha

BKJDO ^ aeT npGABapHTejiLHHH HarpeB β ποροπίκο-oopa3HoM HacHmaKxqeH cpe ^ e 560-720 ⁰ C c BHflepjKKOö β Te- ^ eHHe 0,6-1,2 ^, nocjieayKxitHH HarpeB 9ο 950-HOO ⁰ C co CKopocTBK) 0,8-2 , 4 ° C / cc BtwepHtKoü B Te ^ eHHe 1,2-1,8 * i η oxjiaJiweHHe ro 300-500 ⁰ C co CKopocTBK 1,2-2,4 ° C / c. Ilocjie ^ ero uhkji oöpaöoTKH uobtophkt οτ 2 # 0 8 pa3.

M3,] 0 [ejiHH H3 CTajiH 3arpyäaioT B KOHTeimep H3 Hepsca-BewmeH CTajiH, 3anojmeHHHH ποροιίΐκοΒοκ nacHiuaiomeH cMecBio, repMeTH3Hpyx) T njiaBKHM 3aTBopoM η noMemaioT β ΘΛβκτροπβΜΒ COnpOTKBJieHHH ΠρΗ KOMHaTHOH TeMnepaType.

B Hakane npoH3BOji; HT HarpeB, no 560-720 ⁰ CH BH # ep

280 0 1 O

πρΗ 3τοή TeMnepaType 0,6-1,2 * ί. ΠρΗ 3τομ BemecT-Βο, oTHOCHmeecfl κ KJiaccy yrjieBoaopojiOB, HanpHMep, βΗφβ-HHJi, pa3JiaraeTCH c oöpa3OBaHHeM öojiBuioro KOJureecTBa ra-3ooöpa3HHx npe ^ eJiBHHx yrjieBo opo ^ ^ OB (9TaH, MeTaH) η He-κοτοροΓΟ KOJiHHecTBa ßByoKHCH yrjiepoAa npn B3aHM0 # eHCT- BHH C KHCJIOpO ₁ ItOM H BORHIlUM IiapOM, COflepsaillHMCtf B HEOOJIB-fflHX KOJiH ^ iecTBax β οόϊ, βΜβ KOHTeäHepa. npcnyKTOB pacnana yrjieBOflopoßOB c xjiophcthm HJIH C JiPyTHM rajIOreHOBOÄOpOflOM ΠρΗΒΟΛΗΤ K OÖpa3OBaHHIü ra3ooöpa3Horo coejo; HHeHKH yrjiepo ^ aco # FM h3 rajioreHOB, HanpHMep, ^ ieTupexxjiopHCToro yrjiepo ^ a, HHTeHCH $ HiiHpyioiqero npoiiecc HacmaeHHH noBepxHocTH oöpaöaTUBaeMoro CTajiBHoro H3, iiejiHH yrjiepoflOM. BHflepatKa πρπ θτοη TeMnepaType 0OeCHe ¹ SHBaBT HacumeHHe noBepxHocraoro cjioh CTajiH yrjiepoÄOM, hto oöecne ^ HBaeT npn nocjieflyiomeM Harpeße yc-KopeHHoe oöpa3OBaHHe cjioh Kapöiwa xpoMa hjih THTaKa η Tomy noßoÖHoe Öe3 ποηηαθηηη KOHaeHTpai ^ tH yrjiepo ^ a β nO ^ CJIOHHOH 3OHe HH "e ypOBHH Η0Χ0ΛΗ0Η KOHÜTEHTpailHH (RO oöpaöoTKH), η TeM caMHM noBumaeT hshococtohkoctb ποκρκ-τηπ, C03äaBaa bo3Moähoctb ero 9KcnjiyaTauHH npn öoJiee BHcoKHx yÄejiBHHx Harpy3Kax. Πρπ θτομ npaKTHqecKH He npoHcxo ^ HT oca ^ eHHe Kapoiwooopa3yroinero 9JieMeHTa (xpoM η TOMy noÄOÖHoe) Ha noBepxHocTH H3 # ejiHfl,

BH ^ epKKa npn MeHBiueM TeMnej) aType He eT, ii; ocTaTO ^T iHyio οκοροοτΒ ₁ HHφφy3HH yrjiepo ^ a β CTajiB, Äe BpeMH BfcwepftKH HeqejiecooöpasHO. IloBHineHHe

öojiee 720 ⁰ C πρηβολητ κ o ^ HOBpeMeHHOMy ocax-H Kapöiwooöpasyiomero sjieMeHTa (xpoM η

ΠρΗ 3T0M CKOpOCTB flHφφy3HH yi'JiepO, Ha B nOßCJIOHHOH ^ n CJ \ P \ ir C ^ T ^ £ ^ ^ 3 T ^ f \ ^^ TT TK yV ^^ C ^ ^ O ^^ CT ι CLJLvwI · ^? 1 ^ f ^ j ^ j jv Vj ^ * Ji JrXj ^ vC% \ j JL ^^ JJL &

BH ^ epscKa MeHBiiiefi: npo ^ ojDKHTejiBHocTH He BaeT noBHiueHh KOHiieHTpaiiHH yrjiepofla β no, n; cjioe ro ^ HHH, rapaHTHpyromeii oTcyTCTBHe ooe3yrjiepoÄHBaHHH ΠρΗ nOCJieflyiOmeM ^ pMHpOBaHHH KapOHflHOrO CJIOH.

HHe npossOJDKHTejiBHOcTH BHÄepmcH Heiiejiecooöpa3Ho, TaK

npn θτομ flocTuraeTCH cymecTBeHHoe ποβμπιθηηθ ochobhhx BKcnjiyaTaiiHOHHHx noKasaTejieii MaTepnajra η ποκρκτΗΗ.

Ilocjie HayrjieBOAHBaHWu HarpeB npossOJiataioT cockopocTLK) 0.8-2.4 ° C / c flo 950-HOO ⁰ C c nocjieayjomeo BtwepK-Koii β Tea crop 1.2-1.8 q.

yKa3aHHafl οκοροοτΒ ooecneqnBaeT npaKTH ^ ecKH οτ-cyTCTBne nepepacnpeßejieHHJi yrjiepo ^ a β noflCJioHHoii 3οηθ ά cnocoöcTByeT CTaonjiH3amiii KOHiieHTpaiyiH θτογο θλθμθη-Ta β noflcJioüHoft 30He. IloBMUieH CKopocTZ HeqejiecooopaB-HO, TaK KaK TpeöyeT ρβ3κο yBejmqHTL KojmqecTBo ποτρβό-3JieKTpO3HeprHH. CHHKeHHe CKOpOCTH HHKe HHKHerO

πρηβολητ κ flHg ^) y3H0HH0My paccacnBaHHio yrjiepossa, το ecTB HfleT ero Rviffiyswi β MaTpnuy, η cHHKaeTCH koh-UeHTpaUHH B nO ^ CJIOtaOM 3OHe, ¹¹ ITO CHHKaeT HSHOCOCTOHKOCTB ΠΟΚρΗΤΗΗ.

ΠρΗ 950-HOO ⁰ C προποχο, ΐίΗτ ca o ca ca Ha no no no no B B B B B B B B B B B B Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap Kap x x x x x x x x x x

η oÖpa3OBaHHe cjioh ero KapoH ^ a. CHHKeHHe TeNinepaTypH η προαολκητθλβηοοτη KH He oöecne <iHBaeT ^ ocTaTo ^ iHyK) οκοροοτΒ oca) p; eHHH ποκ-

η yMeHBUiaeT ero skohomhoioctb. YBejm ^ eHHe TeMnepaTypH Harpeßa öojiee HOO ⁰ C iiphbo ^ ht κ pocTy 3epHa CTa-JiH η CHHKeHHK) ee npo ^ iHOCTH. yBejiHqeHHe BpewieHH KH oojiee 1.8 ^ Heiiejiecooopa3Ho, TaK KaK npn stom oöpa-3yeTCfl KapoH, iTHUH cjioh c MeHBiueü KOHaeHTpauHeft yrjiepo.ua, ^ To OTpKnaTejiBHO BjmneT Ha ero TBEP ^ ocTB η hshococtoM-KOCTB B yCJIOBHHX BO3fleHCTBHH aöpa3HBHHX

ooe3yrjiepoKKBaHHe πο ^ ολοΜηοη 3οηη. 3aTeM nocjie ΒΗΛβρκκπ npn 950-II00 ^{Or <}

co οκοροοτΒΚ) 1,2-2,4 ° C / c ä TeMnepaTypH, Jie-β HHTepBajie, paBHOM 300-500 ⁰ C. OxjiaK ^ eHKe c oojiee bhcokoh, ^ eM yKaeaHO, οκορο-noTpeöyeT HcnojiB3OBaTB cneuHajnbHyio oxjiajpiaiomyK) chc-TeMy , a 9το βκοηομη ^ θοκη HeiiejiecooOpa3Hc, Bojiee MejieHHoe oxjiaHweHh bh3Hb ^ v3t ÄHφφy3HOHHoe

~ 4 _ nepepacnpeßejieHHe yrjiepo ^ a β napoH ^ oM cjioe, K CKHJKeHHK) ero KOHUeHTpaUHH H COOTBeTCTBeHHO K hshococtoükocth KapOHBHoro cjioh η 3aMe, iyieHHK) npo- (|) OpMHpOBaHHH HOKpHTHH.

Πρκ uHKJiH ^ ecKOM noBTopeHHH onHcaHHoro pejKHMa oöpaöoTKH NPH BHnepjRKe β oÖJiacTH TeMnepaTyp 560-72O ⁰ O KapöHßHHH cjioh HacHiuaeTCH yrjiepoÄOM, κοτορκϋ πρπ ποβη-nieHHH TeMnepaTypH ßH $$ yH, i]; HpyeT β cjioh ocasmaeMoro xpo-Ma HJiH ÄpyrHX 3JieMeHT0B c nocjiejQnouHM φορΜΗροΒθΉΗβΜ ero KapoHÄOB η TaK flajiee. TaKKM oöpa3OM, iiHKJinpoBaHHe npnboäht κ ycKopeHHOMy pocTy KapöHßHoro cjioh Oe3

yrjiepoÄa β no, n; cjioHHOÄ 3OHe. Hapnay c xapaKTep TeMnepaTypHoro pejKHMa HacumeHHH c oxjiajimeHHeM mute 300-500 ⁰ C oOecne ^ HBaeT KapÖHÄHoro cjioh c oojiee ÄHcnepCHOH CTpyK-Typoä, BejuTCHHa KapOHÄHHx KpHCTajuioB πρκ stom ho MeHBiue, eM ^ β cjijniae HacHiiieHHH β HeiiHKJiHHecKOM

MHKHMajIBHO B03M0JKH06 KOJIHHeCTBO UHKJIOB COOTBeT-CTByeT AByM, a MaKCHMaJIBHOe BOCBMH. ΠρΗ UHKJIHpOBaHHH oojiee bocbmh pa3 CHHJKaeTCH 3φφβκτΗΒΗθοτΒ npouecca. 3to 00Ί3Η0ΗΗβΤ0Η ΤβΜ, ^ ^ TO HaCHmaKXIiaH CMeCB pe3MepH0 HCTO-IUHTCH, η CHHJKaeTCH KOHueHTpauHH aKTHBHoro yrjiepofla, hto Be.ueT κ ^ yBejiH ieHHK) BpeMeHH BHßepjKKH β KajKflOM UHKJi'e, η β gejioM HeoöocHOBaHHo yfljiHHHeT npouecc, cHHjKan ero npo-H3B0, ii; HTeJIBH0CTB.

Π ρ H M e ρ. ΓΟΤΟΒΗΤ OnHCaHHHM CnOCOÖOM ΚΟΗΚρβΤ-

HHe cocTaBH nopouiKooöpa3HHx cMeceft, KOTopue πρΗΒβΛβΗΗ β TaOJiHue I.

nOJiy ^ ieHHH KOMnjieKOHHX ΠΟΚρΗΤΗΗ C HCnOJIB-

30BaHHeM, npHBefleHHHx β TaöJiHue I CMecen, FLaHH β TaOjiH Ue 2.

OopaöoTKe noßBepraiOT uHjiHHÄPHHecKe oöpa3UH bu-

COTOH 5 MM H AHaMeTpOM 15 MM, ΒΗΠΟΛΗβΗΗΗβ H3 6Χ4Μ2Φ0 H Ye.

ocymecTBJieHHfl npcmecca HcnojiB3yioT κοητθηηθ-PH Ά3 HepacaBeiomeH ctsuih X23HI8 c repMeTH3npyKXipM njiaB-KHM 3aTBOpOM H3 HaTpHeBOCHJIHKaTHOH ΓΛΝΟΝ.

Ilocjie ocymecTBJieHHii ΧΗΜΗΚο-τβρΜΗ * ΐβοκοΜ oopaooTKH no yica3aHHHM β Taöjüme 2 pöÄHMax oopa3ujj nccjiejtyioT no OOmenpHHHT ^ JM MeTOJC [HKaM RJJK OnpeßejieHHÜ φΗ31ΙΚΟ-ΧΗΜΗη [βΟ-KHX CBOHCTB.

CpaBHHTeJIBHHft aHaJIH3 φΗβΗΚΟ-ΧΗΜΗ ^ ΘΟΚΗΧ CBOHCTB ΠΟΚρΗΤΗΗ, nOJIjneHHHX ΠρθΛΛΟΑβΗΗΗΜ Η Η3ΒΘ0ΤΗΗΜ CnOCOÖa-MH, npeÄCTaBjieHHHH β TaÖJume 3, noKa3HBaeT ντο, πρκ PAB HOH OOmeÄ npOi [OJI 'FRUITS ^ I.HOCTH npOIieCCa ₁ ^ H $ φy3H0HH0Γ0 HaCIimeHHfl β ^ cjiy ae UHKJiH ^ ecKoro peacHMa HarpeBa CKopocTB ^ pMHpOBaHHH noBHiiiaeTCH β 1.3-1.4 pa3a. ^ eHHe KOJiH ^ iecTBa uhkjiob npn paBHoii oömeii HOCTH HacHmeHHH npHBOflHT κ ycKopeHHK) npoiiecca ro tpex pa3. Πρπ 9TOM coxpaHHeTCH BHCOKaH HacHmaiomaH cnocoö-HOCTB CMeceH.

KpoMe Toro, npejiJiaraeMHH cnocoö noBHuiaeT h3hoco-CTOÖKOCTB β 2,0-2,9 pa3a η oÖecne ^ iHBaeT oTcyTCTBHe oÖe3-

3OHH.

Π ρ η -! CocTaB HacHmaMmeii cMecH, Mac. %

^{M e} P · KapoH # ooc5pa3yK3mHH!

! sjieMeHT, BemecTBO

-! ,! , ! ^ Ηφβ-ΐΗθφ- IaHT-

! Cr! Tl! ol \ hhji!

60 - 1.2

55 - 0.8

- 65 1.0

It Il O V b

θοηίιγώλοο - "- ς'ο - Z

ΘΟΗΊΙΓΒΛΟΟ - 8'0 I

i ² O ² IV ί ^

ΊΙΓΟΟ j j

9HH9 "If0lli0C [U

O ί Ü 082

TaÖJiHua 2

IIpHMep! MaTepHaji! Howiep! PejKHM ΧΗΜΗΚο-TepMH ^ ecKoii! ocHOBH! £ 2 ^CTa ~! oöpaöoTKii

! ! ! HayrjiepojKHBaHHe! cKopocTB j j; , j HarpeBa

jj, ^ ⁰ C! r.qj ° C / C

Π ρ e & -

JiOJKeH-

HHH 6Χ4Μ2Φ0 2 560 1,2 2,4

650 1.0 1.5

720 0.6 0.8

y8 - "- 580 0.9 2.0

3 600 I, I 2.1

6Χ4Μ2Φ0 4 630 0.9 1.5

2 720 1.2 1.8

MsBecTHHH - "- I 800 3.5

Οπητηηο - "- 2 540 1.3 0.7

750 0.5 0.7

280OiO

HHH 950 1.8 1.2 500 1000 1.5 1.8 400 HOO 1.2 2.4 300 980 1.6 1.5 400 1000 1.7 2.1 450 1020 1.4 2.2 350 1050 1.75 2.2 450 H3BeCTHHH 1050 3.5 - - ΟΠΗΤΗΝΗ 900 ΐ, ο I.I 280 II50 I, I 2.5 280

IlpHMap! PeacnM xmiHKO-TepMireecKOH oOpaoOTKH

, BtmepEKa, CKopocTB, Teivine

¹ oxjiajiwe-; paTypa |

! ! HHfl! Havana!

M _0n I ^ ι ° C / c! ^ W-!

• r ^Ü C · 'Γ, ^ " ^{υ / ο} ioiuero _Λ

2 β

ο ο t π

- IO -

Taojuma 3

Φη3ηκο- MexaHKqecKiie η φ

CBOHCTBa

Horo

CJIOH,

Μκκρο-TBep-λοοτβ KapÖKÄ-

HOΓ0 CJIOfl,

Cpefl- Tßephrh aoctb BHCOTa iHaTe-Kappnajia

OHflHHX OCHO KpHC bra,

TajiJiOB, HY

MKM

HaH-ΜΘΗΒ-ui at TBep-ÄOCTB B nOfl-CJIOH-HOH (θΟΘ3-yrjie-

ΡΟΚΘΗ-

hoh)

30HE,

EY

PjiyoH-Ha

oöesyrjie-

ΡΟΚΟΗ-

HOH

30hh,

MKM

OthocHTe-

CKO-

POCTB

H3H0-

ca, r / ntg

I 12.6 2200 4.7 420 420 _ 18.2 2 16.1 2130 5.2 560 560 - 12.5 3 18.3 2180 6.3 790 790 - 12.2 4 28.8 2140 5.8 450 450 - 19.6 5 31.2 2170 5.4 460 460 - 2.1,4 6 39.8 2230 4.3 740 740 - 20.9 7 15.9 2190 3.8 640 640 - 14.1 8th 12.3 2820 6.5 64.0 425 45 36.4 9 6.8 1890 3.9 180 180 28 37.3 IO 20.5 2280 8.1 680 640 35 12.8

Claims (2)

280 0 fO - II ΦΟΡΜΥΜ Μ30ΒΡΕΤΕΗΜ 1. CnOCOÖ nOJIjnieHHH KOMHJieKCHHX ΠΟΚρΗΤΗΗ Ha Tajiax, BKJiro ^ aroiuHM npeßBapHTejiBHHii HarpeB β nopouiKooöpa3Hofi HacnmaiomeÄ cpe, n; e η BHflepKKy, nocjie-ÄyMiiuiÄ HarpeB flo 950-HOO ⁰ CH BU ^ epsKy β τθ ^ θηηθ 1,2-1,8 ί. c nocjieiyiomHM oxjiaawemieM, OTJHiaioniiHC ΤΘΜ, ^ TO ₁ C UeJIBK) nOBHlUeHJKH HSHOCOCTOHKOCTH ΠΟΚρΗΤίΐβ Ά ΗΗτβΗΟΗφϋΚαΐίΗΐΐ npoiiecca oOpapaoTKM, oopaöoTKy BejiyT uhk ΠρΗ 9TOM Γΐρβ, Π ^ ρΗΤΘΛΒΗΗΗ HarpeB OCymeCTBJIHK) T 560-720 ⁰ C c BHβepjicKOH B Te ^ eHHe 0.6-1.2 ^T i, noonefly-H HarpeB ΠρΟΒΟΛΗΤ CO CKOpOCTBK) 0.8-2.4 ° C / CH OXJiajR 300-500 ⁰ C co CKopocTBio 1, 2-2.4 ° C / c, nocjie UHKJI OOpaöOTKH nOBTOpHiOT MHOrOKpaTHO. 2. CflOCOÖ ΠΟΠ. I, OTJIH ^ aiOIllHfiCH ΤβΜ, ¹ TTO UHKJI OC'paÖOTKH nOBTOpHiOT OT 2 # 0 8 pa3. ΗΗφορΜΘ, Ι ^ ΗΗ, ΠρΚΗΛΤίύΒ BO ΒΗΗΜβΗΚΘ npw 9Κ0ΠθρΤΜ3θ! I. -SLC, A, Ι04533Ι,
, A, 989901.