DD296731A5 - ARMING UNIT FOR ARMED CONCRETE PRODUCTS, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING THEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly of reinforcing elements for reinforced concrete products, this assembly comprising a plurality of spaced-apart rigid transverse reinforcing elements (12) and at least two longitudinal flexible elements (14) joined to the transverse reinforcing elements in order to keep them spaced apart at chosen intervals. An assembly is thus obtained which may be easily packaged. The invention also relates to a method and a device for manufacturing this assembly of reinforcing elements. <IMAGE>

Description

For this 3 pages drawings

The invention relates to a deposit system for reinforced concrete products and to a method and an apparatus for its production.

It is known to use for the reinforcement of concrete slabs "welded reinforcing mats", which are formed by two steel reinforcing layers, these two layers are superimposed in two mutually perpendicular directions and connected to each other by welding points.

Inserts of this type are suitable for concrete products in which the mechanical forces to be absorbed act in two mutually perpendicular directions, that is, are directed on two sides.

However, inserts of this type have the disadvantage that they are only slightly suitable for concrete products in which the male mechanical forces act only in a single direction (unidirectional forces) or in which the forces in one direction are already absorbed by other deposits. This is especially the case with products made of prestressed concrete, which have clamping inserts or prestressing steels, which already absorb the forces in one direction. In these special cases it happens that one of the two reinforcement layers of the reinforcement mat has merely the function of keeping the other layer at a certain center distance. As a result, one of the two reinforcing layers is unnecessary from the viewpoint of the mechanical strength of the prestressed concrete part.

Another disadvantage of the conventional welded reinforcing mats is that they are very bulky during transportation, maintenance and storage. This disadvantage manifests itself both when the reinforcing mat is supplied in the form of plates and when the reinforcing mat is wound into rolls. In the latter case, the stiffness and thickness of the rolled-up inserts do not allow to optimize the volume and mounting.

Moreover, the conventional reinforcing mats are generally prefabricated on particularly heavy equipment and generally previously determined dimensions in the factory, whereby the user can not optimize the steel quantities and what also causes cutting during installation and increases the internal transport costs, since in general several plates for the same purpose are necessary. This results in material and working time losses.

Finally, the conventional reinforcing mats have the further disadvantage of frequently having flatness defects, and then, due to the rigidity of the steels joining the reinforcements, the attachment points must be approximated to each other during the attachment of the reinforcing layers.

The object of the invention is, above all, to provide a deposit system in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated.

An object of the invention is to provide a deposit system that can be commonly used as a distribution armor of a conventional reinforced concrete structure.

The object of the invention is also to provide a deposit system, which is particularly intended for reinforced concrete products, in which the mechanical forces to be absorbed act in one direction, or in which the mechanical forces act in one direction, or in which the mechanical forces in one direction have already been absorbed by other deposits.

An object of the invention is in particular to provide such a deposit system especially for prestressed concrete products available.

The aim of the invention is also to provide a deposit system that is less bulky in transport and storage operations, can be easily cut when mounted and has no flatness defects.

The reinforced concrete insert system according to the present invention comprises a plurality of rigid cross-pieces located at a certain distance from each other and at least two flexible longitudinal members connected to the cross-liners to keep them away from each other at selected intervals.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transverse inserts are generally rectilinear steel rods which are held parallel to one another by the flexible elements.

Once this deposit is distributed, it has the form of a layer formed by said steel bars and said flexible connecting elements connected to the bars at each intersection. The width of the layer is then determined by the cutting length of the steel bars, while their length can be adapted to the intended use, since it is sufficient to shorten the flexible elements to the desired length.

The distance between the bars may be constant or changeable depending on the mechanical forces to be absorbed.

This roller facilitates transportation, as it occupies less space than a welded reinforcing mat with the same amount of use deposits. In fact, the flexible elements take up less space than the steel elements they replace, and they are lighter in weight than the latter. Furthermore, the layer can be rolled up on a small diameter drum. Such conditioning thus facilitates storage and transportation to the place of use.

In addition, the installation of insert systems is simplified because it is sufficient to roll out the armor layer, wherein the flexible elements make the rolling no resistance. After rolling out of the deposit system, the deposits can put down in a plane due to the flexibility of the fasteners by their own weight, whereby fixtures are saved or eliminated.

This results in huge labor savings. Moreover, the geometry of the layer (length, width, distance between the cross inserts) can be completely adjusted to a place of use and to the desired mechanical strength. This makes it possible to optimize the amount of steel used and to reduce the losses.

Another advantage of the invention results from the fact that the flexible longitudinal elements cost less than the steels which replace them.

Finally, the insert system of the invention can be made with a simpler equipment than that required for the manufacture of a conventional welded reinforcing mat.

The insert system of the invention may also be made with odd-line elements, so that the system is no longer in the form of a layer when rolled out. In this case, the system is not conditioned in the form of a roll, but according to the Zieharmonikaprinzip in the form of a structure in which the longitudinal inserts are zigzag next to each other.

The flexible elements used to make the insert system of the present invention may be made of iron wires, cords, adhesive tapes, metal or plastic strip material and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each flexible element of at least one band of plastic, especially polypropylene. Advantageously, each flexible element comprises two superimposed and selectively welded together on both sides of each insert tapes. One of the bands is continuous while the other is continuous or interrupted.

In one aspect, the invention relates to a method of making the aforementioned deposit system, which method comprises operations consisting of:

to roll out the flexible elements in equal lengths starting from a feeder in order to guide them in parallel to a connection station,

- to guide the inserts piece by piece across the flexible elements to the connection station,

to connect an insert in the connection station with the flexible elements,

- to let the flexible elements and with them the previously associated insert to advance one step and

- to start the above operations again for the other deposits.

The method of connection obviously depends on the type of flexible elements used and can be done, in particular, by linking, gluing, ultrasonic welding or soldering with soldering, stapling, etc.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, in which each flexible element consists of at least one strip of plastic, the joining process may be ultrasonic welding or soldering soldering.

In the particular case where each flexible element consists of two bands of plastic, namely a lower band coming from an unwinding device and an upper band coming from a further unwinding device, the two bands will be punctiform on either side of the insert to be fastened welded.

This welding operation is preferably carried out with ultrasonic welding devices, which are provided in the connection station.

After joining a liner, for example by welding, it is sufficient to allow the liner layer to advance one step by unrolling the flexible elements, the value of which step may be adjustable. Then the resulting layer can easily be rolled up on a drum.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a plant for manufacturing the aforementioned deposit system. This plant essentially comprises:

a connection station,

Supply means to provide equal lengths of flexible elements and to guide them parallel to each other to the connection station,

- A deposit distributor, which is intended to lead the deposits successively transversely to the flexible elements to the connection station and

Means for advancing the flexible members together with the liner previously connected to the fasteners to advance one step.

According to a further feature of the invention, the connection station is provided with a connection head for each flexible element to be connected to the inserts.

In the case where each flexible element consists of at least one strip of plastic, especially polypropylene, each coupling head is equipped with welding means, for example ultrasound. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the flexible element consists of two plastic bands, the feeding means for each flexible element have two unwinding devices capable of accommodating a lower roll of tape and an upper roll of tape, respectively. This makes it possible to superimpose the two bands before welding, wherein the bands are also placed in each case on the insert to be joined. Then on both sides of this insert welding takes place on a limited length.

According to a further feature of the system of the invention, this comprises, for each unwinding device, a brake which is controlled by a pivoting lever and provided with a deflection roller over which the belt rolls so that the brake is released when a tension is applied by the belt. while blocking when that traction stops.

Advantageously, the system comprises four pairs Abrollein directions, whereby it is possible to attach four elements, each of which consists of two superimposed bands.

The advancing means of the installation according to the invention advantageously comprise grippers which are able to move horizontally and are able to grasp any flexible element after leaving the connecting station in order to advance the system by one step.

Advantageously, the system comprises for each gripper a fixed stop and an adjustable stop to adjust the distance between two consecutive cross inserts as desired.

When the plant is used to make a liner system formed by straight-line transverse liners, it further comprises a take-up drum on which the layer thus formed is wound up.

The following description, given by way of example only, refers to the appended drawings in which:

Fig. 1: is a plan view of a deposit system according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a plant according to claim 1;

3 is a schematic partial sectional view showing the connection of a transverse insert by means of a flexible

Element shows that consists of two superimposed bands of plastic; Fig. 4 is a partial side view of the apparatus of Fig. 2;

Figures 5 A to 5 D show the various successive phases of operation of the plant of Figure 4; Fig. 6 shows a stripper unwinding device associated with the plant of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7: shows a detail of the plant of Fig. 2;

8 shows schematically a deposit system according to the invention, in which the deposits are uneven; and

9 shows schematically another inventive insert system, in which the transverse inserts

are odd and have a closed outline.

Reference is first made to FIG. 1, which shows a system according to the invention of a deposit system, which has been designated overall by the reference numeral 10. This system comprises a plurality of rigid transverse liners 12 spaced apart from each other and, as in the illustrated example, being steel bars of equal length arranged parallel to one another.

Furthermore, the system 10 includes flexible longitudinal members 14, four in number in the illustrated example. Each insert 12 is thus connected to four flexible elements 14 by four nodes 16.

By way of example, each insert 12 is a four or five millimeter diameter steel rod with a length of 2.40 meters. The distance (or step) between two successive inserts 12 can be adjusted in 50 millimeter increments within a range of between 100 and 450 millimeters.

In the example, the flexible elements 14 are parallel to each other, the distance d separating two consecutive elements 14 being 60 centimeters.

In the illustrated example, each flexible element is formed by two strips of plastic of width 10 millimeters, these two strips being selectively welded together, as will be seen later.

Referring now to Figure 2, which shows the plant for manufacturing a deposit system according to the invention. This system comprises a connection station 18 having a fixed frame 20 which forms a horizontal table 22 to which cooperate four connection heads 24 designed to ensure the connection of each insert 12 to the flexible elements 14. By way of example, each flexible element 14 (one of which is visible in Figure 2) is formed by the connection of two bands, namely an upper band 14A and a lower band 14B, these two bands being respectively upper and lower 26A Roll 26 B, which are located on an upper unwinding device 28 A and a lower unwinding device 28 B. The system thus comprises four upper unwinding devices 28 A and four lower unwinding devices 28 B.

Furthermore, the system comprises a distributor 30 with a movable frame 32, which is equipped with wheels 34 and has a sloping table 36 which forms a magazine and the cross bars 12 to deliver. The latter then enter the room individually, which is formed by the four pairs of bands 14 A, 14 B and, starting from the direction of movement of the bands (arrow F), is located immediately in front of the connection heads 24.

In the example, the bands 14A and 14B are made of plastic, especially polypropylene, and the four heads 24 are welding heads intended to weld together the four pairs of bands on either side of a transverse insert, as will be shown later with reference to FIG ,

However, this general principle of the system of FIG. 2 could also be used with other types of flexible elements, wherein the connection heads 14 need not necessarily be welding heads.

The four pairs of bands 14 A and 14 B are advanced step by step in the direction of the arrow F, while by devices which will be described later, a transverse insert 12 is transported to the table 22 and under the welding heads 24. These heads 24 are then moved vertically down to carry out the connection of the four pairs of bands enclosing the corresponding insert 12. The result is a layer that can be rolled up on a receiving drum 36 (Figure 2).

As shown in Figure 3, the upper band 14A wraps around the insert 12 and is selectively spot welded to the lower band 14B in two areas of welds 38 and 40 located on either side of the insert 12. For example, each of these two areas 38 and 40 may extend to a length 1 of 10 millimeters. For example, in the case of containers of 10 millimeters width, two welding areas are obtained, each of which corresponds to a square of 10 millimeters side length.

Referring now to Figure 4, the table 36 corresponds to an inclined plane with inwardly directed curved curvature extending from a forward end 42 to a rearward end 44, the rearward end 44 being lower than the forward end 42. Above the table 36, a guide 46 is attached, which is provided with an inwardly curved lower surface 48, which is arranged opposite a part of the table 36. The table 36 and the guide 46 thus form a magazine which is intended to receive a plurality of transverse bars 12 which are stored side by side.

A horizontal bar 50 comes in front of the guide 46 to prevent the passage of two crossed inserts 12. The table 36 and the guide 46 thus form a magazine in which the inserts 12 are juxtaposed horizontally and parallel to each other.

This magazine runs in its lower part, which is located near the end 44, practically like a tangent to the vertical. Under the storage container thus formed four removal slide 52 are provided which can move horizontally, with all slides move simultaneously. The sliders 52 are each provided with grooves 54 which, when the sliders are in the rear position (FIG. 4), receive an insert 12. The sliders 52 move simultaneously and are capable of transporting a liner 12 into the horizontal space 56 located between a top plate 58 and a bottom plate 60, this space 56 being adjacent a latchable stop 62.

The operation of the part of the system shown in FIG. 4 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5D. As they move forward in the direction of the arrow of FIG. 5A, the sliders 52 carry an inlay 12 and close the exit of the magazine formed by the table 36 and the guide 46. During this movement, the insert 12 is guided between the plates 58 and 60.

The insert 12 is then guided to the latchable stop 62 (Figure 5B) and is then held between this stop 62 and the respective slider 52 in the position in which it is connected to the bands 14A, 14B. The welding heads 24 then simultaneously move vertically downward (Figure 5B) to effect the connection of the four pairs of bands (14A, 14B) around the insert 12.

When this operation is completed, the welding heads move vertically upwards and the slides horizontally backwards (Figure 50C) to return to their home position (Figure 5D) where they can receive a new insert 12 to begin the same operation as before ,

Referring now to Figure 6, each of the unwinding devices, such as unwinding device 28A, intended to receive the roller 26A is formed by two flanges connected to a cylindrical core 64 coaxial with the axis 66 of the unwinding is. Each unwinding device, for example 26A, has a brake 68 formed by a lever 70, one end 72 of which is pivotally mounted about an axis 74 and the other end 76 of which freely rotatably carries a pulley over which the belt 14A passes, followed by via a guide roller 80 which rotates about a fixed axis 82. The lever 70 has an inwardly curved intermediate portion 84 which is capable of decelerating by friction on the core 64, the rotational movement of the unwinding device. When the pulley 78 and the lever 70 are in the lower position shown in Fig. 6, the inwardly curved portion 84 of the lever constituting the brake presses on the core 64, and the rotating tape roll is decelerated.

When a tensile force acts on the belt 14A, it lifts the pulley 78 and the lever 70, thereby releasing the lock of the brake, and the tape roll is released.

When the desired tape length has been unrolled, the guide roller 78 and the lever 70 descend again and the tape reel is decelerated again with the tension of the tape being approximately equal after each unwinding operation.

In the illustrated example, the plant comprises four unwinding devices 28A and four unwinding devices 28B. The four lower belts 14B arrive at the welding station, passing under the table 36 (Figure 2) and thus below the insert to be secured, while the four upper bands 14A arrive over the insert 12 to be fastened.

The belts are guided and positioned via eight guide rollers 80.

As shown in Figure 7, the insert 12 as well as the four bands 14A and the four bands 14B are positioned at the connection station. The four welding heads 24 then simultaneously move vertically downwards to weld the four pairs of bands together. For this purpose, the lower part of each welding head has a cavity 86, the same shape as the insert, so that each welding head astride the insert and the two bands on both sides of the insert, as previously shown in Figure 3, can weld.

Advantageously, it is ultrasonic welding heads to cause a locally limited melting of the material forming the bands in the region of their interface. This melting, which is followed by a holding time of the welding head after completion of the vibration, ensures the welding of the four pairs of bands.

As shown in Figure 7, the apparatus further comprises means for incrementally advancing, consisting of four grippers 88, which can move horizontally. Each gripper consists of an upper jaw 88A and a lower jaw 88B intended to respectively grasp a belt 14 after leaving the mounting station to move the system one step in the direction of the arrow F. The jaws of each gripper move towards each other to clamp a band, and the grippers then move simultaneously horizontally in the left portion of Figure 7, by a value corresponding to the desired distance. The movement of the grippers 88 occurs between a fixed stop 90 located near the welding heads and an adjustable stop 92 located on the other side. This adjustable stop makes it possible to adjust the distance between two successive inserts.

With the beginning of the welding operation, the grippers 88 close to the welding heads, and their jaws are busy to clamp the straps and hold them firmly in place when the welding operation is completed.

When the welding operation is completed, the welding heads go up, the stop 62 (Figure 4) snaps, and the grippers 88 move to the left portion of Figure 7, taking with them the resulting reinforcement layer and the bands by the value of Roll off step.

At the beginning of the following welding operation, the grippers 88 open and position themselves next to the welding heads.

At the exit of the system, the layer thus formed first passes over a deflection roller 94, then over a further deflection roller 96 to be rolled up on the drum 36, the latter being driven by a transmission 98 and a motor 100. The roller 96 is guided so that it moves in the vertical direction, with two (not shown) sensors indicate the lower and the upper layer of this role. When the roller 96 is in the lower position, the drive motor 100 of the drum 36 is started, whereby the rolling up of the layer takes place until the roller 96 is in the upper position.

During the rolling up of the layer on the drum 36, this alternately moves on its axis back and forth to avoid overlapping of the bands.

Referring now to FIG. 8, there is shown an insert system incorporating stiff transverse liners 112 that are non-linearly connected to each other by three flexible straps 14. This system can be conditioned in the folded state, ie according to the Zieharmonikaprinzip.

Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown another insert system in accordance with the present invention which consists of odd-numbered transverse inserts 212. In the example, the inserts are folded to form a closed, generally rectangular contour, these inserts being connected by three flexible elements 14. As in the case of Figure 8, this insert system in the folded state, i. be conditioned according to the accordion principle.

All inserts according to the invention find particular application in the case of prestressed concrete products, in particular in the case of prestressed concrete slabs containing prestressing steels arranged parallel to one another. Then it is sufficient to roll out a reinforcement layer according to the invention so that the stiff transverse reinforcements are perpendicular to the direction of the prestressing steels.

However, this system may also generally serve as a manifold fitting of a conventional reinforced concrete structure.

Thus, the insert system of the invention can be used as a replacement for bars or welded mesh as a fixture of a conventional reinforced concrete slab cast as a cast or formwork concrete.

It can also be used as a "cap steel" (insert with positive additional steel moment) on support concrete, especially if it is designed as a prefabricated plate, or as steel in a concrete pressure plate (where the force acts in one direction only) also used as a fitting when covering the joints of prefabricated parts, especially prefabricated panels.

The insert system according to the invention is also applicable as a transverse distribution fitting for a concrete pressure plate as in ceiling panels, beams or inserts and as a cap reinforcement on supporting concrete. The invention is suitable for numerous variants. For example, instead of being previously cut to the desired length, the bars for the transverse liners can also be pulled through the plant from the steel coil and cut to size.

Claims (19)

1. A deposit system for reinforced concrete products, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of rigid cross-pieces (12,112, 212), which are at a certain distance from each other, and at least two flexible longitudinal elements (14) which are connected to the transverse inserts to them to keep at certain intervals. 2. A deposit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse inserts (12) are generally rectilinear steel rods, which are held by the flexible elements (14) parallel to each other, whereby the system can be designed in the form of a roll. 3. A deposit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse inserts (112,212) are odd-line elements, whereby the system can be conditioned accordion. 4. Deposit system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flexible elements (14) of iron wires, cords, adhesive tapes, strip material made of metal or plastic and similar material are produced. 5. insert system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each flexible element (14) consists of at least one band (14 A, 14 B) made of plastic, in particular polypropylene. 6. insert system according to claim 5, characterized in that each flexible element (14) consists of two bands (14A, 14B), which are selectively welded together on each side of each insert (12). 7. A tray system according to claim 6, characterized in that one of the bands (14B) is continuous, while the other band (14A) is continuous or interrupted. 8. A method for producing a deposit system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises operations, which consist in: to unroll equal lengths of the flexible elements (14) from a feeder to guide them parallel to each other to a connection station (18), to bring the inserts (12) individually transversely to the flexible elements (14) to the connection station (18), to connect an insert (12) to the flexible elements (14), - the flexible elements (14), together with the previously associated with them deposits (12) to advance by one step, and - to restart the abovementioned operations for the other deposits. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that each flexible element (14) consists of two plastic bands, namely an upper band (14A) fed by an upper unwinding means (28A) and a lower band (14B). , which is supplied by a lower unwinding device (28B), as well as in that the two bands on both sides of the insert (12) to be joined are selectively welded together. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the two strips (14 A, 14 B) are welded by ultrasonic welding. 11. Plant for the production of a deposit system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it a connection station (18), Supply means (28A, 28B) for delivering equal lengths of flexible members (14) and guiding them parallel to each other to the connection station (18), - A deposit distributor (30), which is intended to transport the inserts (12) individually transversely to the flexible elements (14) to the connection station (18), and - Means (88) for advancing the flexible elements (14) by one step together with the insert previously connected to the connecting elements. 12. Plant according to claim 11, characterized in that the connecting station (18) is provided with connecting heads (24) for each one with the inserts (12) to be connected flexible element (14). 13. Plant according to claim 12, characterized in that each flexible element (12) consists of at least one band (14A, 14B) made of plastic, in particular polypropylene, and in that each connecting head (24) with means for welding, for Example with ultrasound, is equipped. Installation according to Claim 13, characterized in that each flexible element (14) consists of two bands (14A, 14B) of plastic, and in that the supply means comprise, for each flexible element, two unwinding means (28A, 28B), which are each intended to receive two tape rolls (26A, 26B). Installation according to claim 14, characterized in that each abutment means (28A, 28B) comprises a brake (68) having a lever (70) with a deflection roller (78) over which the band (14A) runs so that the brake is released when a tensile force acts on the band and that it blocks when the pulling force stops. Plant according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises four pairs of unwinding means (28A, 28B) making it possible to connect four flexible elements (14), each of which consists of two superimposed belts (14A, 14B) consists. A plant according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the means for advancing have horizontally movable grippers (88) intended to respectively grip a flexible element (14) after leaving the connection station (18) to let the system advance one step. 18. Plant according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a fixed stop (90) and an adjustable stop (92) for each gripper in order to adjust the distance between two successive deposits (12) as desired. Plant according to any one of Claims 11 to 18, in which the transverse inserts are generally rectilinear, characterized in that they comprise a receiving drum (36) driven by an electric motor (100).