DE10327134A1 - Use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol or their derivatives to inhibit asexual reproduction of fungi, reduce adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces or prepare compositions for treating microbial infections - Google Patents

Abstract

Substances (I) selected from patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and their derivatives are used to inhibit asexual reproduction of fungi, reduce adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces or to prepare compositions for treating or preventing microbial infections. Independent claims are also included for: (1) composition comprising (I); (2) packaging, filter media, building materials, building auxiliaries, textiles, furs, paper, hides or leather treated with composition (I). ACTIVITY : Fungicide; Antibacterial; Virucide. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Sporulation inhibitor; Microbial adhesion inhibitor. Agar cultures of Aspergillus niger(DSM 1988) were incubated with patchouli oil at 25 [deg] C for 3 days. At concentrations of 0, 3, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 150 MicroM, the sporulation rates were 100, 95, 95, 95, 75, 70 and 0% respectively.

Description

The The invention relates to the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of fungi to surfaces and containing these substances filter media, adhesives, building materials, building aids, Textiles, furs, paper, skins or leather, but also detergents, Detergent, rinse aid, Hand washing, hand dishwashing, Automatic dishwasher detergents, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations and equipment for Building materials, building aids, textiles, furs, paper, skins or Leather.

in the Household mold fungi are found in various places, eg. in the kitchen or in damp rooms, such as. in the bathroom, mold causes serious problems in that the spores they release into the air often produce allergy are. A fight such fungi with biocidal agents is at an increased risk associated with the formation of resistance, so that after some time new antimicrobial Substances have to be found the microorganisms that have become resistant to them. biocides are also ecological and toxicologically not always harmless. Washing and / or cleaning agents, Textile treatment and oral, dental and denture care products.

always frequently are sensitive textiles, such. Silk or microfiber, processed into garments, the only at 30 or 40 ° C can be washed. This causes fungi, such as the human pathogenic Candida albicans, not killed. In particular, after a fungal infection, it may be adversely affected by such on garments, not killed Mushrooms come to a reinfection.

Farther diseased tooth bearers often on an oral candidosis (thrush). Fungal cells adhering to the surface of the prosthesis can on contact the mucous membranes colonize, which are often damaged by pressure points.

Around reinfection by adhering to clothing or plastic surfaces To prevent microorganisms have so far been antimicrobial substances used, which either inhibit the growth of microorganisms (Biostatics) or kill them (Biocides). The disadvantage is that such z. B. in washing and Detergents used biocides or biostatics pollute the wastewater and thus also the microbial treatment stages in the sewage treatment plants impair their function. In addition, the selection pressure on the microorganisms for resistance formation greatly increased, so that after some time found new antimicrobial substances Need to become, the microorganisms that have become resistant to them.

The The object of the invention is therefore to target microorganisms from surfaces remove without these surfaces or the sewage contaminated with biocidal and / or biostatic agents.

These Task is solved by the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces.

Under Microorganisms are especially bacteria, fungi as well as viruses and To understand algae. This concludes bacterial endo- or exospores as well as spores acting as reproductive structures Serve with mushrooms, with one.

Under Reduction of attachment is a significant reduction in the number the adherent microorganism cells to understand. Here is the Attachment ideally complete prevented. Preference is given to the adhesion of microorganism cells diminished or substantially completely prevented.

It it has now been found that the microorganism cells in presence of patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives or solutions containing these substances, hardly or not at all surfaces adhere.

Patchouli oil is obtained according to the invention from the plant parts of Patchoulistrauches (Pogostemon cablin or patchouli and P. heyneaus from the family of Laminaceae or Labiatae). According to the invention, it is possible to obtain the patchouli oil by extraction with solvents or mixtures thereof, preferably organic solvents, in particular with hydrocarbons (for example CAS 84238-39-1; CAS 90082-40-9).

Especially preferred is obtained by steam distillation from the leaves Patchouli oil (in particular CAS 8014-09-3). Preferably, fermented for extraction leaves used the patchouli smoke. The patchouli oil absorbs very well on surfaces, so the equipment, especially textiles but also of plastic and metal surfaces, especially performed effectively and easily can be.

The obtained by steam distillation of the fermented leaves patchouli oil contains in addition to patchouli alcohol, patchoulenol, patchoulenon, norpatchoulenol, Nortetrapatchoulol, Seychelles, α-patchouli, β-patchouli, α-guajens and α-bulens.

From Patchoulia alcohol can all configuration isomers are used, particularly preferred but that is natural occurring (-) - Patchoulialkohol.

Under Derivatives of patchouli alcohol are in addition to esters and Ethers of patchouli alcohol also include patchoulenol, norpatchoulenol and Seychelles.

advantageously, the microorganisms in the inventive use neither in their Growth inhibited yet killed, it only becomes the adhesion on surfaces inhibited or suppressed. The selection pressure for the formation of resistance is therefore low.

Furthermore are patchouli oil and Patchoulialkohol toxicologically, as far as known today, harmless, so essential to its use for humans, animals and the environment dispensed with more questionable biocidal substances or at least the Use can be reduced.

One Another advantage of the invention is that these substances in comparison with biocides or biostatics even in low final concentrations are effective and therefore little side effects are observed.

Furthermore can reduce the adhesion by the reduced contact of the human body with the microorganism cells, for example the respiratory tract with mold spores, also lead to a reduction of the allergenic potential.

According to one particular embodiment become patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives in such final concentrations that they are not biocidal or biostatic. A special Advantage of this embodiment is it that the risk of resistance formation over the used substances is relatively low, since the microorganisms neither killed nor their growth be inhibited. The concentrations at which there is no inhibition of growth, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentrations yourself can be easily determined in the manner known to those skilled in the art.

According to one another particular embodiment are patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or derivatives thereof to 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% contain.

One particular advantage of this embodiment it is that only low concentrations of these agents are present have to be thus reducing the adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces or substantially completely prevented. The substances are preferred from 0.00001 to 1% by weight and in particular from 0.0001 to 0.5% by weight contain. Particularly preferred are ranges between 0.0001 and 0.1% by weight. Especially with patchouli alcohol amounts are between 0.0001 and 1.0 wt% is particularly preferred.

The Concentrations that lead to the desired result in the final product are significantly lower than those given as dilutions for many products considered Need to become. For detergent needs for example with a dilution factor (Relationship Detergent concentrate: water) from 1:20 to 1: 200 calculated become. Often is the dilution ratio for detergent between 1:60 and 1: 100, for example, 1:80.

For patchouli alcohol would be for example Concentrations of 0.001 to 1.5 wt .-%, in particular of 0.01 to 0.8 wt .-% suitable.

According to a preferred embodiment, microorganisms are preferably bacteria and fungi. Of the mushrooms, the yeasts, molds and the ke are particularly preferred ratinophilic fungi.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment is characterized by the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or whose derivatives reduce the adhesion of bacteria, e.g. the following Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, in particular the pathogenic bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, Stapylococcus aureus; Streptococcus group A (beta hemolytic S.), S. pyogenes, Corynebacterium spp. (especially C. tenuis, C. diphtheriae, C. minutissimum), Micrococcus spp. (especially M. sedentarius), Bacillus anthracis, Neisseria meningitidis, N. gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. pseudomallei, Borrelia burgdorferi, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium fuberculosis, Mycobacterium spp., Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spec. (especially S. gordonii, S. mutans), Actinomyces spec. (especially A. naeslundii), Salmonella spec., Actinobacteria (especially Brachybacterium spec.), alpha-Proteobacteria (in particular Agrobacterium spec.), beta-proteobacteria (in particular Nitrosomonas spec.), Aquabacterium spec., Hydrogenophaga, gamma-proteobacteria (in particular) Stenotrophomonas spec., Xanthomonas spec (campestris), Neisseria spec., Haemophilus spec. as well as all microorganisms, gem. Paster et al., J. Bac. 183, 12, 2001, 3770-3783 ".

yeasts in the context of the invention are unicellular fungi, which are predominantly multiply by budding. Yeast fungi do not represent an independent taxonomic Category in the system of mushrooms. Systematically belong the Most of the yeasts to the Endomycetes. In addition, however, also occur different other mushrooms in the development cycle or under certain Environmental conditions shoot cell stages, referred to as Hefestadien become. Such unicellular, yeast-like budding growth forms occur in the Ascomycetes, but also in the Zygomycetes, Basidomycetes and Deuteromycetes. All these growth forms are also according to the invention to understand yeasts.

To another particular embodiment is characterized by the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or whose derivatives reduce the adhesion of human pathogenic fungi. For example, the human pathogenic species of mushrooms are missing the classes Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Deuteromycota and Zygomycota to count, especially the human pathogenic forms of Candida.

The Human pathogenic Candida species also colonize healthy people Skin and mucous membranes. With strong proliferation of fungal cells, eg. B. after damage to the bacterial mucosal flora caused by antibiotics, they cause but local inflammation, which are also referred to as Thrush. In particular, these occur in the Oral and genital area (so-called oral or vaginal thrush). Are known also skin and diaper scarf. The mucous membrane is red, it show lesions, a white one Surface and itching occur.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the adherence of fungi of the species of Candida is reduced (hereinafter abbreviated to C.), such. C. aaseri, C. actiscondensi, C. acutus, C. agrestis, C. albicans, C. amapae, C. anatomiae, C. ancudensis, C. antarctica, C. antillancae, C. apicola, C. apis , C. aquaetextoris, C. aquatica, C. atlantica, C. atmaerica, C. auringiensis, C. azyma, C. beechii, C. benhamii, C. bertae, C. berthetii, C. blankii, C. boidinii, C Boleticola, C. bombi, C. bondarzewiae, C. brumptii, C. buffonii, C. buinensis, C. cacaoi, C. cantarellii, C. capsuligena, C. cariosilignicola, C. caseinolytica, C. castellii, C. catenulata C. chalmersi, C. chilensis, C. chiropterorum, C. ciferii, C. claussenii, C. coipomensis, C. colliculosa, C. conglobata, C. curiosa, C. cylindracea, C. dendrica, C. dendronema, C deserticola, C. diddensiae, C. diffluens, C. diversa, C. drymisii, C. dubliniensis, C. edax, C. entomophila, C. eremophila, C. ergatensis, C. ernobii, C. etchellsii, C. etchellsii C. ethanolica, C. ethanothermophilum, C. evantina, C. fabianii, C. famata, C. fennica, C. flareri, C. fluviotilis, C. fr agariorum, C. fragi, C. fragicola, C. freyschussii, C. friedrichii, C. fructus, C. fusiformata, C. geochares, C. glabrata, C. glaebosa, C. graminis, C. gropengiesseri, C. guilliermondii, C. haemulonii, C. hellenica, C. heveanensis, C. holmii, C. homilentoma, C. humicola, C. humilis, C. iberica, C. incommunis, C. inconspicua, C. ingens, C. insectalens, C. insectamans, C. insectorum, C. intermedia, C ishiwadae, C. japonica, C. javanica, C. karawaiewii, C. kefyr, C. kruisii, C. krusei, C. krusoides, C. lactiscondensi, C. lambica, C laureliae, C. lipolytica, C llanquihuensis, C. iodderae, C. lusitaniae, C. magnoliae, C. malicola, C. maltosa, C. maris, C. maritima, C. melibiosica, C. melinii, C. membranaefaciens, C. mesenterica, C. methanosorbosa, C. milleri, C. mogii, C. molischiana, C. monosa, C. montana, C. mucilaginosa, C. multis-gemmis, C. musae, C. muscorum, C. mycoderma, C naeodendra, C. nakasei, C. nemodendra, C. nitratophila, C. norvegensis, C. novakii, C. oleophila, C. oregonensis C. palmyrana, C. paludigena, C. parapsilosis, C. pararugosa, C. pelliculosa, C. peltata, C. periphelosum, C. petrohuensis, C. pignaliae, C. pintolopesii, C. pinus, C. placentae, C polymorpha, C. populi, C. pseudofropicalis, C. psychrophila, C. pulcherrima, C. punica, C. quercitrusa, C. quercuum, C. railenensis, C. ralunensis, C. reukaufii, C. rhagii, C. rugopelliculosa C. rugosa, C. saitoana, C. sake, C. salmanticensis, C. santamariae, C. santjacobensis, C. savonica, C. schatavii, C. sequanen sis, C. shehatae, C. silvae, C. silvanorum, C. silvicultrix, C. solani, C. sonorensis, C. sophiae reginae, C. sorboxylosa, C. spandovensis, C. sphaerica, C. stellata, C. stellatoidea, C. succiphila, C. sydowiorum, C. tanzawaensis, C. tenuis, C. tepae, C. terebra, C. torresii, C. tropicalis, C. tsuchiyae, C. tsukubaensis, C. utilis, C. valdiviana, C. valida, C. vanderwaltii, C. vartiovaarai, C. versatilis, C. vini, C. viswanathii, C. wickerhamii, C. xestobii, C. zeylanoides.

To a further preferred embodiment becomes the attachment of mushrooms of the species Rhodotorula spp., Cryptococcus spp., Exophilia spp., Hormoconis spp. reduced.

Especially is achieved by the use according to the invention prefers the attachment of the medically relevant forms of Candida diminished, for example, by: C. albicans, C. boidinii, C. catenulata, C. ciferii, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. haemulonii, C. kefyr, C. krusei, C. lipolytica, C. lusitaniae, C. norvegensis, C. parapsilosis, C. pulcherrima, C. rugosa, C. tropicalis, C. utilis, C. viswanathii. Particularly preferred are C. albicans, C. stellatoidea, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. The mycelial form of Candida is considered as a human pathogenic form of the fungus. A Reduction of the adherence of Candida, for example to textiles or plastics reduces the risk of reinfection without the Increase education of drug resistance.

Under Molds are in accordance with the present Invention to understand such fungi that their habitat in the soil, on food and / or feed or in concentrated nutrient solutions, form a typical mycelium and its nutrients from organic substances They thereby decompose (saprobiontische or saprophytische Lifestyle). Furthermore, they multiply predominantly asexual by spores (in particular sporangiospores or conidia) and form, if any, only very small sexual reproductive organs out.

To are for example species from the classes Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Deuteromycota and Zygomycota, especially adle species the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Mucor as well Stachybotrys, Phoma, Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Ulocladium, Epicoccum, Stemphyllium, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, Scopulariopsis, Wallemia, Botrytis, verticillium and chaetonium.

To belong to the Ascomycota here in particular all species of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cladosporium. These fungi produce spores that when in contact with the skin or the respiratory tract a strong allergenic potential exhibit. For example, Basidiomycota is Cryptococcus to count neoformans. Deuteromycota are all genera known as molds to count, especially those caused by the absence of a sexual stage not assigned to the classes Ascomycota, Basidiomycota or Zygomycota become.

Patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives are particularly preferred for reducing the Adhesion of all species of the genus Aspergillus to surfaces suitable, most preferably in species selected from Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus albus, Aspergillus alliaceus, Aspergillus asperescens, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus carneus, Aspergillus chevalieri, Aspergillus chevalieri var. intermedius, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus ficuum, Aspergillus flavipes, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus giganteus, Aspergillus humicola, Aspergillus intermedius, Aspergillus japonicus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus niveus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus ostianus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus parasiticus var. globosus, Aspergillus penicillioides, Aspergillus phoenicis, Aspergillus rugulosus, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus sojae var. gymnosardae, Aspergillus sydowi, Aspergillus tamarii, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus terricola, Aspergillus toxicarius, Aspergillus unguis, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus vitricolae and Aspergillus wentii. Particularly preferred is the adhesion of Aspergillus flavus and Apsergillus nidulans diminished or substantially completely prevented.

Under keratinophilic fungi are to be understood as those skin and / or hair fungi in horny skin and its appendages (especially hair and / or nails) to grow. In particular, there are dermatophytes and all species to understand the genus Malassezia. Under dermatophytes are according to the invention in particular all species of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton to understand.

The keratinophilic fungus Malassezia, a yeast fungus, is considered to be the causative agent of increased dandruff of the skin, for example on the head (hair dandruff). In addition, this organism is regarded as the trigger of the skin disease pityriasis versicolor. In particular, it is therefore advantageous to prevent the adhesion of Malassezia, In particular, the species M. furfur (also known as Pityrosporum ovale), M. pachydermatis, M. sympodialis and / or M. globosa to reduce or substantially prevent.

According to one preferred embodiment are the keratinophilic fungi selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroid, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T. meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T, violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum, Epidermophyton flossocum, Malassezia furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa and M. pachydermatis.

To a further preferred embodiment is characterized by the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives reduce the adhesion of dermatophytes to surfaces. Especially the dermatophytes are selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroids, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T. meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum and Epidermophyton flossocum.

According to one another embodiment is characterized by the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives the attachment of human, animal and / or phytopathogenic Viruses and bacteriophages prevented.

seaweed are mono- to multicellular, differently colored, primary photoautotrophic plants or photoautotrophic bacteria of mostly thlophytic organization, their gametes and spore-forming organs usually unicellular are and possibly covers from sterile cells. Algae are classified according to their pigment composition in green-, Red, blue and brown algae differ, especially green and blue algae Facades and building materials are relevant. The relevant representatives the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) are of the genera Anabaena, Anacystis, in particular Anacystis montana, Gloeocapsa, Lyngbia, Nostoc, Oscillatoria, especially Oscillatoria lutea, Phormidium, Schiszothrix and Scytonema and the green algae (Chlorophyta) genera Chlorella, Choricystis, Chlamydomonas, Chlorococcum, Stingococcus, in particular Stichcoccus bacillaris, Ulothrix and Trentepholia, especially Trentepholia odorata. According to the invention, the adhesion of Algae on surfaces especially in very damp rooms as well as aquariums, but also on such surfaces exposed to the weather are such as Building materials, including in particular sealants or Sealants, through the use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives are prevented.

To Another particularly preferred embodiment is the adhesion of microorganisms on the surfaces, often in contact with the human body come, diminished or substantially completely prevented. There are in particular abiotic, technical (or technically produced) surfaces meant. For the purposes of this particular embodiment therefore human tissue is not to be understood by it.

at Insufficient cleaning of these surfaces can be caused by the adhesion of microorganisms for reinfection of already infected body parts or come to further new infections.

According to one very particularly preferred embodiment is the adhesion of microorganisms to such surfaces as Textiles, ceramics, metals and / or plastics decreased. In particular, these are laundry, sanitary facilities, floor coverings, shoes, Leather, articles made of rubber, prostheses or dentures. Fungal infections of mucous membranes, especially in the oral and genital area, can be simple and successful by antimycotics as well as bacterial infections by antibiotics be treated. But it is very important that with the microorganism cells contaminated surfaces, for example in fungal cells underwear or stockings, be cleaned of these. In the case of delicate textiles, such as z. As silk or microfiber and synthetic fabric, this can not through an increased Washing temperature done without the material is damaged. Also, the use of strong bleach-containing heavy duty detergents is due to a possible material damage not recommendable.

The Reduction of adhesion to textiles or plastic surfaces prevented very often a reinfection of already affected areas of the body. The reduction the adhesion of microorganisms to ceramics, plastics or Metals, especially on prostheses or dentures, reduced the risk of infection or reinfection, without the skin, the mucous membranes or the wastewater with biocidal or biostatic or virostatic substances to charge. Likewise Catheters and others made of plastics or metals medical equipment and / or prostheses through the use of such substances, for example in rinses or cleaning agents are removed from the adhesion.

Further objects of the present invention are detergents, cleaning agents, rinsing agents, hand washing agents, Hand dishwashing detergents, Automatic dishwasher detergents, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations and equipment for surfaces and / or packaging, especially those associated with food in touch filter media, building materials, building aids, textiles, furs, Paper, hide or leather containing patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces.

To another particular embodiment become patchouli oil, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives to detergents and / or cleaning agents or for oral hygiene or denture cleansing products. Especially the modern textile fibers that are not with heavy duty detergent or at high temperatures can be washed by conventional mild detergent or Washing temperatures at 30 or 40 ° C not completely be released from microorganism attachments. An advantage of the insert Such additives in detergents and cleaners is that despite low wastewater pollution and low risk of developing resistance clothes can be freed from the attachment of microorganisms.

Dentures, especially dentures, can by the use of such substances in oral, dental and / or denture care products effective, easy and with no load on the treated surface strongly biocidal, possibly Conditionally toxic substances cleaned from microorganism adhesion become. In particular, are suitable for the oral, dental and / or Denture care patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives.

One Another object of the invention are detergents and / or cleaning agents, containing 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% of Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives. Particularly preferred are concentrations of 0.00001 to 1.0% by weight and especially 0.0001 to 0.5% by weight. Most notably The detergents and cleaners preferably contain from 0.0001 to 0.05 % By weight of these substances.

Such Detergents and cleaners can without polluting the wastewater contain relatively small amounts of the substances. Being in concentrated Form used and to the corresponding effective concentrations diluted in the wash liquor Need to become the active ingredients in correspondingly higher Concentration can be used. Common are dilutions of detergents and cleaners with water between 1:40 and 1: 200.

Such Substances can According to the invention also Detergents for cleaning hard surfaces, such as soils, Tiles, tiles, plastics and other hard surfaces in the Household, in public sanitary Facilities, in swimming pools, Saunas, sports facilities or in medical or massage practices added become.

Next the pathogenic microorganisms (especially fungi and bacteria) are on such surfaces in particular Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spec., Actinobacteria (especially Brachybacterium spec.), alpha-Proteobacteria (in particular Agrobacterium spec.), Beta-proteobacteria (especially Ntrosomonas spec., Aquabacterium spec., Hydrogenophaga), gamma-proteobacteria (in particular Stenotrophomonas spec., Xanthomonas spec (campestris)).

Under Detergents and cleaning agents are in the context of the invention in the broadest sense surfactant-containing preparations in solid form (particles, Powder, etc.), semi-solid form (pastes, etc.), liquid form (solutions, Emulsions, suspensions, gels, etc.) and gas-like form (aerosols, etc.) understood that with regard to a beneficial effect in the Application, a surfactant or more surfactants, usually in addition to other components that are customary for the particular application. examples for Such surfactant-containing preparations are surfactant-containing detergent preparations, surfactant-containing cleaning agents for hard surfaces, or surfactant-containing Aviviermittelzubereitungen, each solid or be liquid can, however, may also be in a form which includes solid and liquid components or subsets of the components side by side.

The detergents and cleaners may contain commonly contained ingredients such as anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, inorganic and organic builders, special polymers (for example those with co-builder properties), foam inhibitors, dyes and optionally additional fragrances (perfumes), bleaches (such as for example, peroxo bleach and chlorine bleach), bleach activators, bleach stabilizers, bleach catalysts, enzymes, and grayness inhibitors, without limiting the ingredients to these groups of substances. Often important ingredients of this are preparations are also detergents, for example, and not limiting optical brighteners, UV-protective substances, so-called. Soil repellents, ie polymers that counteract re-soiling of fibers understood. The individual substance groups will be explained in more detail below.

In the case, that the preparations are at least partly present as shaped bodies, can also contain binding and disintegration aids.

When Surfactants can anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants be used.

As anionic surfactants, for example, those of the sulfonate type and sulfates are used. Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C _9-13 alkyl benzenesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and also disulfonates, such as, for example, from C _12-18 monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds Sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation obtained. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C _12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Likewise suitable are the esters of 2-sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.

Further Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters. Among fatty acid glycerol esters are to understand the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures, such as they are produced by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol to be obtained. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are included the sulphonated products of saturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example the caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or Behenic acid.

Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. In washing and cleaning agents, the C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alkyl sulfates and C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates and C ₁₄ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates are preferred. In addition, 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which are produced for example in accordance with US Patent No. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ^®, are suitable anionic surfactants.

The sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C _7-21 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C _9-11- alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C _12-18 . Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. Due to their high foaming behavior, they are only used in detergents and cleaners in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of from 1 to 5% by weight.

Further suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters, and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C _8-18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves constitute nonionic surfactants (see description below). Sulfosuccinates, whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred. Likewise, it is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

When other anionic surfactants are especially soaps into consideration. Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, like the salts of lauric acid, myristic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and in particular of natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.

The anionic surfactants including the soaps may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammo niumsalze and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. Preference is given to the sodium or potassium salts, in particular the sodium salts. The surfactants can also be used in the form of their magnesium salts.

in the Within the scope of the present invention, such agents are preferred. the 5 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 7.5 to 40 wt .-% and in particular 15 to 25 wt .-% of one or more anionic surfactant (s) included.

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture can contain, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C _12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C _9-11 alcohols with 7 EO, C _13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C _12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, and mixtures of C _12-14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C _12-18 -alcohol with 5 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow Tange ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

A another class of preferred nonionic surfactants, the either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular Fatty acid methyl ester.

Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used to advantage are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG). Usable Alkypolyglycoside meet the general formula RO (G) _z , in which R is a linear or branched, especially methyl-branched in the 2-position, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the Is a symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.

Prefers used are linear alkyl polyglucosides, ie alkyl polyglycosides, in which the polyglycosyl residue is a glucose residue and the alkyl residue is an n-alkyl radical.

The surfactant-containing according to the invention Preparations can preferably contain alkylpolyglycosides, wherein contents of washing, Rinsing or Preparations intended for cleaning purposes to APG of more than 0.2 Wt .-%, based on the total preparation, are preferred. Especially preferred surfactant-containing preparations contain APG in amounts of 0.2 to 10 wt .-%, preferably in amounts of 0.2 to 5 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 3 wt .-%.

Also nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamide can be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half from that.

in der R⁴CO für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁵ für Wasserstoff, einen Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und [Z¹] für einen linearen oder verzweigten Polyhydroxyalkylrest mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und 3 bis 10 Hydroxylgruppen steht. Bei den Polyhydroxyfettsäureamiden handelt es sich um bekannte Stoffe, die üblicherweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines reduzierenden Zuckers mit Ammoniak, einem Alkylamin oder einem Alkanolamin und nachfolgende Acylierung mit einer Fettsäure, einem Fettsäurealkylester oder einem Fettsäurechlorid erhalten werden können.Further suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I)

in the R ⁴ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{5 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z ¹ ] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 Hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which are usually obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a Fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride can be obtained.

in der R⁶ für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁷ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R⁸ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C_1–4-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind und [Z²] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest steht, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propxylierte Derivate dieses Restes.The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)

in the R ^{6 is} a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{7 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{8 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or a Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein C _1-4 alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred and [Z ² ] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propylated derivatives of this residue.

[Z ² ] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted, for example, as described in WO-A-95/07331, into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

Farther It may be preferred, in addition to anionic and nonionic surfactants also to use cationic surfactants.

When Fabric softening substances are in particular cationic surfactants to call. Examples of cationic surfactants are, in particular, quaternary ammonium compounds, cationic polymers and emulsifiers.

wobei in (IV) R^a und R^b für einen acyclischen Alkylrest mit 12 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, R^c für einen gesättigten C₁-C₄ Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest steht, R^d entweder gleich R^a, R^b oder R^c ist oder für einen aromatischen Rest steht. X^– steht entweder für ein Halogenid-, Metho-sulfat-, Methophosphat- oder Phosphation sowie Mischungen aus diesen. Beispiele für kationische Verbindungen der Formel (III) sind Didecyldimethylammoniumchlorid, Ditalgdimethylammoniumchlorid oder Dihexadecylammoniumchlorid.Suitable examples are quaternary ammonium compounds of the formulas (III) and (IV)

wherein in (IV) R ^a and R ^{b is} an acyclic alkyl radical having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, R ^{c is} a saturated C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, R ^{d is} either R ^a , R ^b or R ^c is or represents an aromatic radical. X ^- is either a halide, methosulfate, methophosphate or phosphate ion and mixtures thereof. Examples of cationic compounds of the formula (III) are didecyldimethylammonium chloride, ditallowdimethylammonium chloride or dihexadecylammonium chloride.

R^k und R^l stehen dabei unabhängig voneinander jeweils für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen mit 0, 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen.Compounds of formula (IV) are so-called ester quats. Esterquats are characterized by excellent biodegradability. Here R ^{e is} an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds; R ^f is H, OH or O (CO) R ^h , R ^g is independently of R ^{f is} H, OH or O (CO) R ⁱ , wherein R ^h and R ⁱ are each independently an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. m, n and p can each independently be 1, 2 or 3. X ^- may be either a halide, methosulfate, methophosphate or phosphate ion, as well as mixtures of these. Preference is given to compounds which contain the group O (CO) R ^h for R ^f and for R ^c and R ^h contain alkyl radicals having 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are compounds in which R ^{g is} also OH. Examples of compounds of the formula (IV) are methyl N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N, N-di (tallowacyl oxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate, bis (palmitoyl) ethyl hydroxyethyl, methyl ammonium methosulfate or methyl N , N-bis (acyloxyethyl) -N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate. If quaternized compounds of the formula (IV) which have unsaturated alkyl chains are used, the acyl groups whose corresponding fatty acids have an iodine number between 5 and 80, preferably between 10 and 60 and in particular between 15 and 45 and which have a cis / trans isomer ratio are preferred (in wt .-%) of greater than 30: 70, preferably greater than 50: 50 and in particular greater than 70: 30 have. Commercial examples are sold by Stepan under the name Stepantex® ^® methylhydroxyalkyldialkoyloxyalkylammonium or known by Dehyquart® ^® products from Cognis or known by Rewoquat ^® products from Goldschmidt-Witco. Further preferred Ver compounds are the diester quats of the formula (V), which are available under the name Rewoquat ^® W 222 LM or CR 3099 and provide in addition to the softness for stability and color protection.

R ^k and R ^l are each independently an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds.

wobei R^m für H oder einen gesättigten Alkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, Rⁿ und R^o unabhängig voneinander jeweils für einen aliphatischen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, Rⁿ alternativ auch für O(CO)R^p stehen kann, wobei R^p einen aliphatischen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeutet, und Z eine NH-Gruppe oder Sauerstoff bedeutet und X^– ein Anion ist. q kann ganzzahlige Werte zwischen 1 und 4 annehmen.In addition to the quaternary compounds described above, it is also possible to use other known compounds, for example quaternary imidazolinium compounds of the formula (VI)

where R ^{m is} H or a saturated alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R ⁿ and R ^o are each independently an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁿ alternatively also O (CO) R ^p wherein R ^{p is} an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and Z is an NH group or oxygen and X ^{- is} an anion. q can take integer values between 1 and 4.

wobei R^q, R^r und R^s unabhängig voneinander für eine C_1–4-Alkyl-, Alkenyl- oder Hydroxyalkylgruppe steht, R^t und R^u jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt eine C_8–28-Alkylgruppe darstellt und r eine Zahl zwischen 0 und 5 ist.Further suitable quaternary compounds are described by formula (VII)

wherein R ^q , R ^r and R ^s independently represent a C _1-4 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group, each of R ^t and R ^u independently represents a C _8-28 alkyl group and r represents a number between 0 and 5 is.

Next The compounds of the formulas III to VII can also be short-chain, water-soluble, Quaternary ammonium compounds can be used, such as trihydroxyethylmethylammonium methosulfate or the alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium chlorides, e.g. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, Lauryldimethylammonium chloride, Lauryldimethylbenzylammoniumchlorid and tricetylmethylammonium chloride.

Also protonated alkylamine compounds which have a softening effect, and the non-quaternized, protonated precursors of cationic Emulsifiers are suitable.

Further usable according to the invention cationic compounds constitute the quaternized protein hydrolysates represents.

Suitable cationic polymers include the polyquaternium polymers as described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance, Inc., 1997), in particular the Polyquaternium-6, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium, also known as Merquats. 10 polymers (Ucare Polymer IR 400, Amerchol), polyquaternium-4 copolymers, such as graft copolymers having a cellulose backbone and quaternary ammonium groups bonded via allyldimethylammonium chloride, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as cationic guar, such as guar hydroxypropyltriammonium chloride, and similar quaternized guar gum. Derivatives (eg Cosmedia Guar, manufacturer: Cognis GmbH), cationic quaternary sugar derivatives (cationic alkyl polyglucosides), eg. For example, the commercial product Glucquat ^® 100, according to CTFA nomenclature a "Lauryl Methyl Gluceth-10 hydroxypropyl Dimonium Chloride", copolymers of PVP and dimethylaminomethacrylate, Copolyme re of vinylimidazole and vinylpyrrolidone, aminosilicone polymers and copolymers likewise usable Polyquaternized polymers (for example, Luviquat Care by BASF.), and cationic biopolymers based on chitin and derivatives thereof, for example, under the trade designation chitosan ^® (manufacturer: Cognis) available Polymer.

Also suitable in the present invention are cationic silicone oils such as the commercially available products Q2-7224 (manufactured by Dow Corning, a stabilized trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Corning 929 emulsion (containing a hydroxylamino-modified silicone, also referred to as amodimethicones), SM -2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067 (manufacturer: Wacker) Abil ^® -Quat 3270 and 3272 (manufacturer: Goldschmidt-Rewo; diquaternary polydimethylsiloxanes, quaternium-80), and Silicone quat Rewoquat ^® SQ 1 (Tegopren ^® 6922, Manufacturer: Goldschmidt-Rewo).

die Alkylamidoamine in ihrer nicht quaternierten oder, wie dargestellt, ihrer quaternierten Form, sein können. R^v kann ein aliphatischer Acylrest mit 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen mit 0, 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen sein. s kann Werte zwischen 0 und 5 annehmen. R^w und R^x stehen unabhängig voneinander jeweils für H, C_1–4-Alkyl oder Hydroxyalkyl. Bevorzugte Verbindungen sind Fettsäureamidoamine wie das unter der Bezeichnung Tego Amid^®S 18 erhältliche Stearylamidopropyldimethylamin oder das unter der Bezeichnung Stepantex^® X 9124 erhältliche 3-Talgamidopropyl-trimethylammonium-methosulfat, die sich neben einer guten konditionierenden Wirkung auch durch farbübertragungsinhibierende Wirkung sowie speziell durch ihre gute biologische Abbaubarkeit auszeichnen.It is likewise possible to use compounds of the formula (VIII)

the alkylamidoamines may be in their quaternized or, as shown, their quaternized form. R ^v can be an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. s can take values between 0 and 5. R ^w and R ^x are each independently H, C _1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl. Preferred compounds are fatty acid amidoamines such as Stearylamidopropyldimethylamin available under the name Tego Amid ^® S 18 or 3-Talgamidopropyl-trimethylammonium methosulfate available under the name Stepantex ^® X 9124, which in addition to a good conditioning effect by color transfer inhibiting effect and especially by their good distinguish biodegradability.

Become cationic surfactants used, they are in the preparations preferably in amounts of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, in particular of 0.1 contain up to 3.0 wt .-%.

Of the Total surfactant content in the inventive compositions between 5 and 50 wt .-%, preferably between 10 and 35 wt .-% are.

Next The surfactants are builders the most important ingredients of detergents and cleaners. In the surfactant-containing according to the invention Preparations can usually Be contained in detergents and cleaning agents builders, in particular So zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and - where no ecological Prejudices against their use exist - even the phosphates.

Suitable crystalline layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4 are. Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European Patent Application EP-A-0 164 514. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O are preferred, and β-sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the method described in International Patent Application WO-A-91/08171.

It is also possible to use amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which Delayed and have secondary washing properties. The dissolution delay compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates may have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying. So-called X-ray amorphous silicates, which likewise have a dissolution delay compared with the conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in German patent application DE-A-44 00 024. The products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to several hundred nm, with values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Especially preferred are densified / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates.

A fine crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite optionally used is preferably zeolite A and / or P. Zeolite MAP (eg, commercial product: Doucil A24 from Crosfield) is particularly preferred as the P-type zeolite. Also suitable, however, are zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P. Commercially available and preferably usable in the context of the present invention is, for example, a cocrystal of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), which is sold by the company CONDEA Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and by the formula nNa ₂ O • (1-n) K ₂ O • Al ₂ O ₃ • (2-2.5) SiO ₂ • (3.5-5.5) H ₂ O can be described. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution, measuring method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

Of course it is in detergents also a use of the well-known phosphates as builder substances possible, unless such use is avoided for environmental reasons should be. Particularly suitable are the sodium salts of orthophosphates, the pyrophosphates and in particular the tripolyphosphates.

useful organic builders For example, they can be used in the form of their sodium salts polycarboxylic where among polycarboxylic acids such carboxylic acids be understood that carry more than one acid function.

For example these are citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, Glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided their use of ecological establish not to complain about, as well as mixtures of these. preferred Salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and Mixtures of these. The acids themselves can also be used become. The acids possess In addition to their builder effect typically also the property of a acidifying and thus serve to set a lower and milder one pH of surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention. Especially are in this context, citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and to name any mixtures of these.

When Builders are further suitable polymeric polycarboxylates. these are for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example, those having a molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.

In the context of the present invention, the molecular weights stated for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated. These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data, in which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrene acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in the context of the present invention.

suitable Polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight from 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility can from this group, in turn, the short-chain polyacrylates are preferred be, the molecular weights of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, more preferably from 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol.

Suitable are furthermore copolymeric polycarboxylates, especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid or the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Particularly suitable are copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid. Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and especially 30,000 up to 40,000 g / mol.

The (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution. The content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the washing and cleaning agents preferably 0.5 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 3 to 10 wt .-%.

to Improvement of water solubility can the polymers also include allylsulfonic acids, allyloxybenzenesulfonic and methallylsulfonic acid as a monomer.

Especially Biodegradable polymers of more than two are also preferred various monomer units, for example, those as monomers Salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or salts of acrylic acid and of 2-alkylallyl sulfonic acid as well as sugar derivatives contain.

Further preferred copolymers are those which are preferably used as monomers Acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate.

As well are as further preferred builders polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids whose Salts or their precursors to call. Particular preference is given to polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, some in addition to co-builder properties also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.

Further Suitable builders are polyacetals, which by reaction of dialdehydes can be obtained with Polyolcarbonsäuren, the 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxy groups. Preferred polyacetals are selected from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, Terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from Polyolcarbonsäuren such gluconic and / or glucoheptonic acid receive.

Further suitable organic builders are dextrins, for example Oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates by partial Hydrolysis of starches can be obtained. The hydrolysis can be carried out according to usual, for example acidic or enzyme-catalyzed processes. Preferably These are hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol. It is a polysaccharide with a Dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, preferred where DE is a common one Measure of the reducing Effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose is which a DE of 100 owns. Useful are both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrup with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher Molar masses in the range of 2,000 to 30,000 g / mol. A preferred dextrin is described in British Patent Application 94 19 091.

The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. Also suitable is an oxidized oligosaccharide, wherein a product oxidized to C _{6 of} the saccharide ring may be particularly advantageous.

Also Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably Ethylenediamine disuccinate is another suitable co-builder. there becomes ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) preferably used in the form of sodium or magnesium salts. Also preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates. Suitable amounts are zeolithhaltigen and / or silicate-containing formulations at 3 to 15 wt .-%.

Further useful organic co-builders are, for example, acetylated hydroxy or their salts, which may also be present in lactone form can and which at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group and a maximum of two acid groups contain.

A another class of substances with co-builder properties are the Phosphonates. These are in particular hydroxyalkane or aminoalkanephosphonates. Among the hydroalkane phosphonates is the 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) of particular importance as a co-builder. It is preferably used as the sodium salt used, wherein the disodium salt neutral and the tetrasodium salt alkaline (pH = 9). As Aminoalkanphosphonate are preferably Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher Homologous in question. They are preferably in the form of the neutral-reacting Sodium salts, e.g. as the hexasodium salt of EDTMP or hepta- and octasodium salt of DTPMP. As a builder will be there from the class of phosphonates preferred HEDP used. The aminoalkane phosphonates also have a pronounced Heavy metal binding capacity. Accordingly, it may, in particular if the surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention also contain bleach, preferably, aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or mixtures of the said phosphonates to use.

Furthermore can all compounds that are capable of complexes with alkaline earth metal ions to be used as a co-builder.

Among the compounds serving as bleaches in water H ₂ O ₂ , sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance. Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid. When cleaning or bleaching preparations for automatic dishwashing are prepared, it is also possible to use bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents. Typical organic bleaches are the diacyl peroxides such as dibenzoyl peroxide. Other typical organic bleaches are the peroxyacids, examples of which include the alkyl peroxyacids and the aryl peroxyacids. Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy-α-naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate; (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ε-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid [phthaloiminoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], o-carboxybenzamido-peroxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinates; and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids such as 1,12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxybrassylic acid, the diperoxyphthalic acids, 2-decyldiperoxybutane-1,4-diacid, N, N-terephthaloyl-di (6-aminopercapronic acid ) can be used.

Around when washing or cleaning at temperatures of 60 ° C and below To achieve an improved bleaching effect, bleach activators can be incorporated into the surfactant-containing preparations are incorporated. As bleach activators can Compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, are aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, are used. Suitable substances are the O- and / or N-acyl groups of the mentioned C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups wear. Preference is given to polyacylated alkylenediamines, in particular Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated Phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran.

In addition to The conventional bleach activators or in their place may also so-called bleach catalysts in the surfactant-containing preparations be incorporated. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo saline complexes or carbonyl complexes. Also Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands and Co-Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes are as Bleach catalysts usable.

When Enzymes come from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, Cellulases or mixtures thereof in question. Especially suitable are from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus derived enzymatic agents. Preferably, proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used. These are enzyme mixtures, for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from Protease, amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but especially cellulase-containing mixtures of particular Interest. Peroxidases or oxidases have also been found in some make proved to be suitable. The enzymes can be adsorbed to carriers and / or in encasing substances be embedded to protect them against premature decomposition. Of the Proportion of the enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the surfactant-containing according to the invention Preparations may, for example, about 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to about 2 wt .-%, amount.

A preferred group of suitable additives are optical brighteners. used can be here the usual in detergents optical brightener. examples for optical brighteners are derivatives of diaminostilbene disulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts. Suitable z. B. Salts of 4, 4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly constructed compounds that replace the morpholino group a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group wear. Furthermore you can Brightener of the type of substituted Diphenylstyryle in the partial portions (washing-active preparations) of the surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention be included, for. For example, the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) 4 '- (2 -sulfostyryl-) biphenyl. Mixtures of the aforementioned brightener can be used.

Another group of additives which is preferred according to the invention are UV protection substances. UV absorbers can be applied to the treated textiles and improve the lightfastness of the fibers and / or the lightfastness of the other constituents of the formulation. Under UV absorber are organic substances (sunscreen) to understand, which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and the absorbed energy in the form of wavelength radiation, such as heat to give back. Compounds having these desired properties include, for example, the non-radiative deactivating compounds and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. In addition, substituted benzotriazoles, such as the water-soluble benzenesulfonic acid-3- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-hydroxy-5- (methylpropyl) monosodium salt (Ciba ^® Fast H), 3-phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives) , optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's urocanic acid suitable. Of particular importance are biphenyl and especially Stilbenderivate as described for example in the EP 0728749 A are described and are available as Tinosorb FD ^{® ®} or Tinosorb FR ex Ciba commercially. As UV-B absorber are 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-Benzylidennorcampher and its derivatives, for example 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor, as in EP 0693471 B1 described; 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid ester; Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester, 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene); Esters of salicylic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate; Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate; Triazine derivatives such as 2,4,6-trianilino (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as described in U.S. Pat EP 0818450 A1 Dioctyl Butamido Triazone or described (Uvasorb HEB ^®); Propane-1,3-diones such as 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione; Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives as described in U.S.P. EP 0694521 B1 described. Also suitable are 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts; Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts; Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-Benzylidencamphers, such as 4- (2-oxo-3-bomylidenemethyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bomylidene) sulfonic acid and salts thereof.

As a typical UV-A filter in particular derivatives of benzoylmethane are suitable, such as 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl 4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, and enamine compounds as described in U.S. Pat DE 19712033 A1 (BASF). Of course, the UV-A and UV-B filters can also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble photoprotective pigments, namely finely dispersed, preferably nano-metal oxides or salts, are also suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are in particular zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium and mixtures thereof. As salts silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used. The oxides and salts are already used in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They may have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use those particles which have an ellipsoidal or otherwise deviating shape from the spherical shape. The pigments can also be surface-treated, ie hydrophilized or hydrophobized. Typical examples are coated titanium dioxides, for example Titandioxid T 805 (Degussa) or Eusolex ^® T2000 (Merck). Suitable hydrophobic coating agents are in particular silicones and in particular trialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones. Preferably, micronized zinc oxide is used. Further suitable UV photoprotective filters can be found in the review by P.Finkel in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996).

The UV absorbers are usually in amounts of 0.01% by weight to 5% by weight, preferably of 0.03% by weight to 1 wt .-%, used.

Another group of additives which is preferred according to the invention are dyes, in particular water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes. Dyes which are customarily used to improve the appearance of the optical product in the washing, rinsing, cleaning and textile treatment compositions according to the invention are preferred here. The selection of such dyes is not difficult for a person skilled in the art, especially since such conventional dyes have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the detergent compositions and to light and none have pronounced substantivity to textile fibers so as not to stain them. According to the invention, the dyes are present in the detergents and / or cleaners according to the invention in amounts of less than 0.01% by weight.

A Another class of additives according to the invention the detergents and / or cleaning agents can be added are polymers. Come under these polymers on the one hand polymers in question when washing or cleaning or do the washing up Cobuilder properties show, for example, polyacrylic acids, too modified polyacrylic acids or corresponding copolymers. Another group of polymers are polyvinylpyrrolidone and other grayness inhibitors, such as Copolymers of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose ethers and the like. Other preferred polymers are so-called soil repellents in question, as described in detail below.

When further additives according to the invention can be Detergents and cleaners also contain so-called soil repellents, So polymers that are absorbed by fibers, the oil and Fettauswaschbarkeit from textiles positively and thus a Wiederanschmutzung counteract specifically. This effect becomes particularly clear when a textile is dirty, which has been repeatedly with a inventive washing or Cleaning agent containing these oil and fat-dissolving Component contains was washed. Among the preferred oil and fat dissolving components counting for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups from 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxy groups from 1 to 15 Wt .-%, each based on the nonionic cellulose ether, and the from the prior art, known polymers of phthalic acid and / or of terephthalic acid or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these. Especially preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and the terephthalic acid polymers.

Especially if it is liquid or gelatinous Preparations is, can these also solvents contain. examples for suitable solvents are mono- or polyhydric alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. preferred Alcohols are ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and any of them Mixtures. The solvents can in liquid Preparations in an amount of 2 to 12 wt .-%, based on the finished Preparation, be included.

The additives mentioned are the detergents and / or cleaning agents in quantities up to at most 30 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 20 wt .-%, added.

These enumeration of washing and cleaning agent ingredients used in the washing, cleaning and cleaning compositions according to the invention, Rinsing or Detergents may occur is by no means exhaustive, but only gives the essential ingredients typical such means again. In particular, as far as liquid or gel Preparations is, in the funds and organic solvents be included. Preferably, it is mono- or polyvalent Alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preferred alcohols in such agents are ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and mixtures of these Alcohols. In preferred embodiments Such agents contain 2 to 12 wt .-% of such alcohols.

To a particular embodiment are especially liquid or solid detergents are preferred. Also particularly preferred are detergents and cleaners that are suitable for delicate washing or gentle treatment of delicate textiles are suitable.

Especially are also textile care agents, in particular textile aftertreatment agents, preferably textile conditioners, fabric softeners or dryer sheets suitable, the patchouli oil, Patchoulia alcohol and / or its derivatives.

Depending on the intended use further ingredients can be used. Softener compositions for rinse-aid are broadly described in the art. Typically, these compositions contain as active ingredient a cationic quaternary ammonium compound which is dispersed in water. Depending on the content of active substance in the finished plasticizer composition, this is referred to as dilute, ready-to-use products (active substance contents below 7% by weight) or so-called concentrates (active substance content above 7% by weight). Because of the lower volume and the concomitantly reduced packaging and transport costs, the textile softener concentrates have advantages from an ecological point of view and have become more and more prevalent in the market. Due to the incorporation of cationic compounds, which have only a low water solubility, conventional fabric softener compositions are in the form of dispersions, have a milky-cloudy appearance and are not translucent. For reasons of product aesthetics, it may also be desirable to provide the consumer with translucent, clear fabric softeners which visually stand out from the known products.

As fabric-softening active substance, fabric softeners according to the invention preferably contain cationic surfactants which have already been described in detail above. These agents according to the invention particularly preferably contain so-called esterquats. While there are a large number of possible compounds from this class of substances, esterquats according to the invention are used with particular preference, which can be prepared in a conventional manner by reacting trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids, optionally subsequent alkoxylation of the reaction product and quaternization, as is in the DE 195 39 846 is described.

The Esterquats prepared in this way are suitable in excellent Way for the preparation of portions according to the invention, used as a fabric softener can be. As depending on the choice of trialkanolamine, fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids as well the quaternizing a variety of suitable products and in the agents according to the invention can be used, is a description of the invention preferably about to be used esterquats their production route more precisely as the indication of a general formula.

The mentioned components which together preferably to be used Esterquats can react in varying proportions be used to each other. In the context of the present invention are softener in which a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in a molar ratio 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, optionally alkoxylated and subsequently was quaternized in a conventional manner, in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-% is. Particularly preferred is the use of triethanolamine, so that more preferred fabric softener the present invention, a reaction product of triethanolamine with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in a molar ratio 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, optionally alkoxylated and subsequently was quaternized in a conventional manner, in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-%.

When fatty acids can in the reaction mixture for the production of the esterquats all used from vegetable or animal oils and fats acids become. It can in the Rekationsgemisch as fatty acid quite well at Room temperature non-solid, i. pasty to liquid, fatty acid used become.

The fatty acids can independently saturated by their state of aggregation or one or more times unsaturated be. Of course can not just "pure" fatty acids used but also those obtained from fats and oils technical fatty acid mixtures, these mixtures being of economic View again are clearly preferred.

So can be in the reaction mixtures for the preparation of the esterquats for the clear according to the invention aqueous softener, for example single species or mixtures of the following acids: caprylic, pelargonic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, octadecan-12-ol, arachidic, behenic, lignoceric, cerotic, melissic, 10-undecenoic, petroselic, petroselaidic, oleic, Elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, linolaidic acid, α- and β-estarainic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid. Of course they are also with the fatty acids odd number of carbon atoms, for example, undecanoic, tridecanoic, pentadecanoic, heptadecanoic, nonadecanoic, heneicosanic, tricanoic, pentacosanic, heptacosanic.

in der R1-CO- für einen aliphatischen, linearen oder verzweigten Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und 0 und/oder 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen steht und Dicarbonsäuren im molaren Verhältnis 1:10 bis 10:1, vorzugsweise 1:5 bis 5:1, das gegebenenfalls alkoxyliert und anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise quaterniert wurde, in Mengen von 2 bis 60, vorzugsweise 3 bis 35 und insbesondere 5 bis 30 Gew.-% in den Mitteln enthalten.In the context of the present invention, the use of fatty acids of the formula XIII in the reaction mixture for the preparation of the esterquats is preferred, so that preferred fabric softeners are a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids of the formula IX,

in which R 1-CO- is an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds and dicarboxylic acids in a molar ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5 : 1, which is optionally alkoxylated and then quaternized in a conventional manner, in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-% in the means ent hold.

in der X für eine gegebenenfalls hydroxysubstituierte Alkylengruppe mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, im molaren Verhältnis 1:10 bis 10:1, vorzugsweise 1:5 bis 5:1, das gegebenenfalls alkoxyliert und anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise quaterniert wurde, in Mengen von 2 bis 60, vorzugsweise 3 bis 35 und insbesondere 5 bis 30 Gew.-% in den Mitteln enthalten.Suitable dicarboxylic acids which are suitable for the preparation of the esterquats to be used in the compositions according to the invention are, in particular, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated α, ω-dicarboxylic acids. Examples include the saturated species of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, undecane and dodecanoic acid, brassylic acid, tetra- and pentadecanoic acid, thapic acid and hepta-, octa- and nonadecanoic, eicosane and heneicosanoic acid as well as phellogenic acid. Dicarboxylic acids which follow the general formula XIII are preferably used in the reaction mixture, so that agents according to the invention are preferred which comprise a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids of the formula X,

in which X is an optionally hydroxy-substituted alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in a molar ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, which is optionally alkoxylated and then quaternized in a conventional manner, in quantities from 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-% in the compositions.

Under have the plurality of producible and usable according to the invention Esterquats in turn, those are particularly useful in which the alkanolamine Treithanolamine and the dicarboxylic acid adipic acid is. Thus, in the context of the present invention means are particular which is a reaction product of triethanolamine with a Mixture of fatty acids and adipic acid in a molar ratio 1: 5 to 5: 1, preferably 1: 3 to 3: 1, which subsequently in quaternized in a manner known per se, in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-% in the means contain.

The agents according to the invention can - and depending on whether formulated as a laundry detergent, laundry detergent or softener will too be equipped with additional benefits. Here are for example color transfer inhibiting Compositions, anti-gray formula agents, ironing facilitators, Means with special fragrance release, agent with

improved soil release or prevention of re-soiling, antibacterial agents, UV protectants, color-refreshing agents, etc. formulated. Some examples are explained below:
Since textile fabrics, in particular of rayon, rayon, cotton and their mixtures, can crumple because the individual fibers against bending, kinking. Pressing and squeezing transverse to the fiber direction are sensitive, the compositions of the invention may contain synthetic crease inhibitors. These include, for example, synthetic products based on fatty acids, fatty acid esters. Fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, alkylolamides or fatty alcohols, which are usually reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid ester.

One increased Comfort can come from the extra Use of antistatic agents resulting in the agents of the invention additionally enclosed become. Antistatic agents increase the Surface conductivity and enable thus an improved drainage formed charges. External antistatic agents are usually substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give on the surfaces a more or less hygroscopic film. These mostly surface-active Antistatic agents can be converted into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid ester) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents. Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are suitable as antistatics for Textiles or as an additive to detergents, with an additional Avivageeffekt is achieved.

to Improvement of water absorbency, rewettability treated textiles and to facilitate ironing treated textiles can in the agents according to the invention, for example Silicone derivatives are used. These additionally improve that rinse behavior the agents according to the invention by their foam-inhibiting properties. Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups one to five Have C atoms and are completely or partially fluorinated. preferred Silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes which are optionally derivatized could be and are then amino-functional or quaternized or Si-OH-, Si-H- and / or Si-Cl bonds. The viscosities of the preferred silicones are at 25 ° C ranging between 100 and 100,000 centistokes, with the silicones used in amounts between 0.2 and 5 wt .-%, based on the total agent can be.

Finally, the agents according to the invention also contain UV absorbers which are absorbed by the treated textiles and the light resistance improve the fibers. Connections that those desired Properties are, for example, those by radiationless Deactivation of effective compounds and derivatives of benzophenone with substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Continue to be substituted benzotriazoles, in the 3-position phenyl-substituted acrylates (Cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes as well as natural products such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic suitable.

Further objects The present invention is packaging, especially those for food, Filter media, building materials, building aids, textiles, furs, paper, Skins or leather, the patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces contained and / or which were equipped with an agent according to the invention.

The equipment of packaging, surfaces, Textiles, furs, skins or leather are known in the art Way, for example by dipping or spraying the Paper or textiles, furs, skins or leather in a suitable concentrated solution an agent according to the invention. So can for example, works of art on paper, parchment, wood and / or Canvas before infestation by microorganisms, in particular mold, protected or freed from this. The equipment of filter media, building materials or building aids, for example, by mechanical incorporation or applying a suitably concentrated solution of an agent according to the invention in or on the filter media, building materials or building aids.

Preferably are the building materials equipped according to the invention or building aids under adhesives, sealants, fillers and paints, plastics, Paints, paints, plaster, mortar, Screed, concrete, insulating materials and primers. Especially preferred building materials or building aids are jointing compounds (For example, silicone-containing jointing compounds), wallpaper paste, plaster, Carpet fixer, silicone adhesive, tile adhesive.

sealants and in particular jointing compounds typically contain organic polymers as well as in many cases mineral or organic fillers and other additives.

suitable Polymers are, for example, thermoplastic elastomers, as in DE-A-3602526 by the applicant, preferably polyurethanes and acrylates. Suitable polymers are also in the published patent applications DE-A-3726547, DE-A-4029504 and DE-A-4009095 of the applicant as well as in DE-A-19704553 and DE-A-4233077, on which is hereby incorporated by reference.

sealants and in particular jointing compounds typically contain organic polymers as well as in many cases mineral or organic fillers and other additives.

suitable Polymers are, for example, thermoplastic elastomers, as in DE-A-3602526 by the applicant, preferably polyurethanes and acrylates. Suitable polymers are also in the published patent applications DE-A-3726547, DE-A-4029504 and DE-A-4009095 of the applicant as well as in DE-A-19704553 and DE-A-4233077, on which is hereby incorporated by reference.

The sealing compounds according to the invention (Sealants or sealant mixtures) preferably contain 0.0001 - 1.5 wt .-% patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives. Particular preference is given to areas between 0.001 and 1.0 wt .-%.

According to the invention, the equipment the sealants of the invention both in the uncured or at below 60 ° C hardened Condition done. Sealants are materials in the context of the invention according to DIN EN 26927, in particular those which are plastic or elastic as sealants Harden. The sealants according to the invention can all for the corresponding sealants typical additives, such. typical thickeners, reinforcing fillers, crosslinking, crosslinking catalysts, Pigments, adhesives or other volume extender. sealants containing patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives can be dispersed by dispersing in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. through the use of dispersing equipment, Kneader, planetary mixer, etc., excluding moisture and oxygen both in the finished and in parts of these sealants or together with one or more components of the sealants be incorporated.

Even the treatment of already cured, crosslinked sealant surfaces can be carried out by applying solutions or suspensions of the substance used in the invention by the active substance is transported by swelling or diffusion in the sealant.

Sealants which can be used according to the invention can be produced both on silicone, urethane and acrylic bases. Urethane-based sealants are described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (8th Edition 2003, Chapter 4) and in US 4,417,042 disclosed.

Silicone sealants are known in the art, for example. From the EP 0 118 030 A . EP 0 316 591 A . EP 0 327 847 A . EP 0 553 143 A . DE 195 49 425 A and US 4,417,042 ,

Examples of acrylic sealants are inter alia in WO 01/09249 or the US 5,077,360 disclosed.

In particular, at room temperature crosslinking systems, such as. In the EP 0 327 847 or US 5,077,360 described, preferred. These may be single-component or multi-component systems, it being possible for catalyst and crosslinker to be present separately in the multicomponent systems (for example disclosed in the patents US 4,891,400 and US 5,502,144 ), or other so-called silicone RVT 2K systems, in particular platinum-free systems.

Particularly preferred are so-called one-component systems which contain all ingredients for the construction of a sealant, are stored with the conclusion of atmospheric moisture and / or atmospheric oxygen and cure at the site under reaction with the atmospheric oxygen. Particularly preferred are the so-called silicone neutral systems, in which the reaction of crosslinking agents with the water of the ambient air does not lead to corrosive, acidic, basic or odor-intensive cleavage products. Examples of such systems are in the DE 195 49 425 , of the US 4,417,042 or the EP 0 327 847 disclosed.

The Sealants and in particular jointing compounds may be aqueous or organic solvents contain. As organic solvents come hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, toluene or xylene or petroleum ether in question. Other solvents include ketones like Methyl butyl ketone or chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Farther can the sealants still contain other rubbery polymers. Here come relatively low molecular weight, commercially available types of polyisobutylene, Polyisoprene or polybutadiene styrene in question. Also the co-use of broken natural rubber or neoprene rubber is possible. Here can even at room temperature still flowable types are used, which often be referred to as "liquid rubber".

The sealing compounds according to the invention can be used to different materials with each other to connect or seal. Here is primarily to use on concrete, on glass, on plaster and / or enamel as well as ceramics and Porcelain thought. But also the joining or sealing of molded parts or profiles made of aluminum, steel, zinc or even of plastics such as PVC or polyurethanes or acrylic resins is possible. Finally, be the sealing of wood or wood materials with the most diverse mentions other materials.

The Stability of jointing compounds is usually through Adding finely divided solids - also called fillers - achieved. These can be in such organic and inorganic type differ. As inorganic fillers, for example, silica / silica (coated or uncoated), chalk - coated or uncoated - and / or Zeolites are preferred. The latter can also be used as a desiccant act. As organic filler comes z. B. PVC powder into consideration. The fillers generally wear essential to the sealing compound after use possesses a necessary internal support, so that leakage or Discharging the sealant from vertical joints is prevented. The aforementioned additives or fillers can be reduced to pigments and thixotropic fillers, also abbreviated as Thixotropic agent referred to, divide.

Suitable thixotropic agents are the known thixotropic agents such as bentones, kaolins or organic compounds such as hydrogenated castor oil or derivatives thereof with polyfunctional amines or the reaction products of stearic acid or ricinoleic acid with ethylenediamine. Particularly advantageous is the co-use of silica, in particular of silica from pyrolysis has been found. In addition, suitable thixotropic agents are essentially swellable polymer powders. Examples of these are polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid esters, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates and the corresponding copolymers. Particularly good results can be achieved with finely divided polyvinyl obtained chloride powder. In addition to the thixotropic agents, it is also possible to use additional adhesion promoters, such as, for example, mercaptoalkylsilane. Here it has proven to be expedient to use a Monomercaptoalkyltrialkoxysilan. Commercially available is, for example, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

The Properties of a jointing compound can be further developed improve when the plastic powder used as thixotropic agent additional components are added. These are substances under the category of for Plastics used plasticizers or swelling agents and swelling aids fall.

It come z. As plasticizers, especially for the sealants on urethane or acrylic base from the class of phthalic acid esters into consideration. Examples for applicable Compounds of this class of substances are dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and benzyl butyl phthalate. Further suitable substance classes are Chloroparaffins, alkylsulfonic acid esters such as the phenols or cresols and fatty acid esters.

For the silicone sealants are silicone oils as plasticizers, particularly preferred polydimethylsiloxanes, and hydrocarbons and / or mixtures thereof, especially hydrocarbons or their mixtures with a boiling point of greater than 200 ° C, especially greater 230 ° C, well suited.

When Swelling aids are such low molecular weight organic substances can be used, which is miscible with the polymer powder and the plasticizer are. Such source aids can be submitted to the relevant plastic and polymer manuals for the professional remove. Serve as preferred swelling aids for polyvinyl chloride powder Esters, ketones, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons as well aromatic hydrocarbons with alkyl substituents.

When Pigments and dyes become known for these uses Substances such as titanium dioxide, iron oxides and carbon black are used for improvement the storage stability become known the sealants stabilizers such as benzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride, toluenesulfonate, Carbodiimides and / or polycarbodiimides added. As special good stabilizers have olefins with 8 to 20 carbon atoms proved. In addition to the stabilizing effect, these can also be tasks of Meet plasticizers or swelling agents. Preference is given to olefins with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, especially when the double bond is arranged in 1,2-position. Best results are obtained, if the molecular structure of these stabilizers is linear.

• a) Verhinderung von Verfärbungen durch pigmentierte Schimmelpilze.
• b) Verzögerung der Ausbreitung des Schimmelbefalls.
• c) Verminderung der Allergenbelastung.

The use according to the invention of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or derivatives thereof for reducing the adhesion of micro-organisms, in particular of molds to surfaces, avoids the problem of resistance formation due to biocidal active substances. When used in mold-prone construction and building materials, in particular in sealing compounds and particularly preferably in jointing compounds, several desired effects are achieved by reducing the adhesion of molds to surfaces:

• a) Prevention of discoloration by pigmented molds.
• b) Delay in the spread of mold.
• c) reduction of allergen load.

A further preferred embodiment The present invention is a wallpaper adhesive containing 0.000001 up to 3% by weight of patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives. Wallpaper paste from aqueous solutions of hydrocolloids such as methylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose or water-soluble starch derivatives. Also watery Dispersions of film-forming high molecular weight such as polyvinyl acetate can, in particular in connection with the already mentioned cellulose and starch derivatives, be used.

When Filter media can All known species are used as long as they are for use in water or air filter systems, in particular for air conditioners or room humidifiers are suitable. In particular, filter materials are made of cellulose, Glass fibers, PVC fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, in particular Nylon fibers, nonwovens, sintered materials and membrane filters too call.

The Concentration of to reduce the adhesion of micro-organisms on surfaces patchouli oil to be used, Patchoulialkohols and / or its derivatives in the inventive compositions can be varied by the skilled person in a wide range, dependent from the conditions of use of the funds.

The agents according to the invention be after usual and recipes known to those skilled in the art. Patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives are preferably ready already prepared agents, but they can also during the Be added to the manufacturing process, if desired.

One Another object of the invention is a cosmetic composition, containing 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% of Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives, in particular to reduce the adhesion of Microorganisms. Preferably, these agents contain 0.00001 to 1.0 Wt .-%, in particular 0.0001 to 0.1 wt .-% and most preferably 0.0001 to 0.05% by weight patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives.

According to one preferred embodiment is the composition a means of oral, Tooth or denture care.

Next Yeasts (especially those of the genus Candrola) are in particular Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus (in particular S. grodonii, S. mutans), Actino myces (especially A. naeslundii, Neisseria and Haemophilus and all of Paster et al., J. Bac. 183 (12), 2001, Pp. 3770-3783 for the Oral hygiene relevant.

at Partial dentures or dentition is suitable both the presentation as Teeth cleaning tablets, as well as mouthwash or mouthwash or as Toothpaste.

The oral, Tooth and / or dental prosthesis care agents can be used, for example, as mouthwash, Gel, liquid Toothbrush lotion, stiff toothpaste, denture cleaner or denture adhesive cream available. For this it is necessary to use the invention Substances in a suitable carrier incorporate.

When carrier can e.g. also powdery Preparations or aqueous-alcoholic solutions serve as mouthwashes 0 to 15% by weight of ethanol, 1 to 1.5% by weight of aroma oils and 0.01 to 0.5% by weight sweeteners or as mouthwash concentrates 15 to 60 wt .-% ethanol, 0.05 to 5% by weight of aroma oils, 0.1 to 3% by weight sweeteners and possibly other excipients may contain and before use with water dilute become. The concentration of the components must be chosen so high, that after dilution the mentioned lower concentration limits in the application not be fallen below.

When carrier can but gels as well as more or less flowable pastes serve that out flexible plastic containers or tubes and with the help of a toothbrush on the teeth be applied. Such products contain higher amounts of humectants and binders or consistency regulators and polishing components. Furthermore Aromatic oils, sweeteners and water are also contained in these preparations.

When Humectants can while e.g. Glycerol, sorbitol, xylitol, propylene glycols, polyethenylene glycols or Mixtures of these polyols, especially those Polyethenylenglycole containing molecular weights of 200 to 800 (from 400 to 2000) are used be. Preferred as a humectant sorbitol in an amount from 25-40 Wt .-% included.

When Anti-calculus agents and as demineralization inhibitors can condensed phosphates in the form of their alkali metal salts, preferably in Be contained form of their sodium or potassium salts. The aqueous solutions of this Phosphates react alkaline due to hydrolytic effects. By the addition of acid is the pH of the oral, dental and / or dental prosthesis care agents according to the invention adjusted to the preferred values of 7.5-9.

It can also mixtures of different condensed phosphates or hydrated Salts of condensed phosphates are used. The specified Quantities of 2-12 However,% by weight refers to the anhydrous salts. Prefers As condensed phosphate is a sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate in an amount of 5-10 Wt .-% of the composition.

A preferred active ingredient is a caries-inhibiting fluorine compound, preferably from the group of fluorides or monofluorophosphates in an amount of 0.1-0.5 wt .-% fluorine. Suitable fluorine compounds are, for example, sodium monofluorophosphate (Na ₂ PO ₃ F), potassium monofluorophosphate, sodium or potassium fluoride, tin fluoride or the fluoride of an organic amino compound.

Suitable binders and consistency regulators are, for example, natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers such as carrageenan, tragacanth, guar, starch and their non-ionic derivatives such as hydroxypropyl guar, hydroxyethyl starch, cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose or methylhydroxypropyl cellulose. Also, agar-agar, xanthan gum, pectins, water-soluble carboxyvinyl polymers (for example Carbopol ^® types), polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, higher molecular weight polyethylene glycols (molecular weight 10 ³ to 10 ⁶ D). Further substances which are suitable for viscosity control are phyllosilicates such as montmorillonite clays, colloidal thickening silicas, eg airgel silica or fumed silicas.

As polishing components may all heretofore known polishing agent, but preferably precipitated and gel silicas, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum silicate, alumina, alumina trihydrate, insoluble sodium metaphosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, chalk, hydroxyapatite, hydrotalcites, talc, magnesium aluminum silicate (Veegum ^®), calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, Magnesium oxide, sodium aluminum silicates, such as zeolite A or organic polymers, such as polymethacrylate, are used. The polishing agents are preferably used in smaller amounts of, for example, 1 to 10 parts by weight.

The according to the invention and / or oral care products by adding aromatic oils and sweeteners be improved in their organoleptic properties. As aroma oils come all for Oral, dental and / or Denture care products in use natural and synthetic flavors in question. Natural flavors can be both in the form of the essential oils isolated from the drugs as well as the be used from these isolated individual components. Prefers should have at least one aroma oil from the group of peppermint oil, spearmint, anise oil, Caraway oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, cinnamon oil, geranium oil, sage oil, thyme oil, marjoram oil, basil oil, citrus oil, gaultheria oil or one or a plurality of synthetically produced components isolated therefrom these oils be included. The main components of these oils are e.g. Menthol, carvone, anethole, cineole, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, Citronellol, linalool, salvos, thymol, terpinene, terpinol, methylchavicol and methyl salicylate. Other suitable flavors are e.g. menthyl acetate, Vanillin, ionone, linalyl acetate, rhodinol and piperitone. As a sweetener are either natural sugars such as sucrose, maltose, lactose and fructose or synthetic sweeteners such as. Saccharin sodium salt, Sodium cyclamate or aspartame.

When Surfactants are especially alkyl and / or alkenyl (oligo) glycosides used. Their preparation and use as surface-active Substances are, for example, from US-A-3,839,318, US-A-3,707,535, US-A-3 547 828 DE-A-19 43,689, DE-A-20 36 472 and DE-A-30 01 064 and EP-A-77 167. Regarding the Glycosidrestes holds that both monoglycosides (x = 1) in which a pentose or hexose residue glycosidically linked to a primary alcohol is bonded with 4 to 16 carbon atoms, as well as oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization x to 10 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, the one for such technical products usual Homolog distribution is based.

As alkyl and / or alkenyl (oligo) glycoside, an alkyl and / or alkenyl (oligo) glucoside of the formula RO (C ₆ H ₁₀ O) _x -H in which R is an alkyl radical and is preferably suitable / or alkenyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and x has an average of 1 to 4. Particular preference is given to alkyl oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated C _12/14 coconut oil having a DP of from 1 to 3. The alkyl and / or alkenyl glycoside surfactant can be used very sparingly, amounts of from 0.005 to 1% by weight being sufficient ,

In addition to the alkyl glucoside surfactants mentioned, other nonionic, ampholytic and cationic surfactants may also be present, for example: fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, monoglyceride ether sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, ether carboxylic acids, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamido betaine and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins. In particular, to solubilize the usually water-insoluble aroma oils, a non-ionic solubilizer from the group of surface-active compounds may be required. Particularly suitable for this purpose are, for example, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, ethoxylated fatty acid sorbitan partial esters or fatty acid partial esters of glycerol or sorbitan ethoxylates. Solubilizers from the group of ethoxylated Fettsäureglyceride include especially addition products of 20 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with mono- and diglycerides of linear fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or triglycerides of hydroxy fatty acids such as oxystearic acid or ricinoleic acid. Further suitable solubilizers are ethoxylated fatty acid sorbitan partial esters; these are preferably addition products of 20 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan monoesters and sorbitan diesters of fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Also suitable solubilizers are fatty acid partial esters of glycerol or sorbitan ethoxylates; these are preferably mono- and diesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -fatty acids and adducts of 20 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of glycerol or 1 mole of sorbitol.

The oral, Tooth and / or denture care agents preferably contain as a solubilizer for possibly contained aroma oils Addition products of 20 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide to hardened or uncured castor oil (i.e., oxystearic acid or ricinoleic acid triglyceride), glycerol mono- and / or distearate or sorbitan mono- and / or distearate.

• – Pigmente, z.B. Titandioxid, und/oder Farbstoffe
• – pH-Stellmittel und Puffersubstanzen wie z.B. Natriumbicarbonat, Natriumcitrat, Natriumbenzoat, Zitronensäure, Phosphorsäure oder saure Salze, z.B. NaH₂PO₄
• – wundheilende und entzündungshemmende Stoffe wie z.B. Allantoin, Harnstoff, Panthenol, Azulen bzw. Kamillenextrakt
• – weitere gegen Zahnstein wirksame Stoffe wie z.B. Organophosphonate, z.B. Hydroxyethandiphosphonate oder Azacycloheptandiphosphonat
• – Konservierungsstoffe wie z.B. Sorbinsäure-Salze, p-Hydroxybenzoesäure-Ester.
• – Plaque-Inhibitoren wie z.B. Hexachlorophen, Chlorhexidin, Hexetidin, Triclosan, Bromchlorophen, Phenylsalicylsäureester.

Other common additives for oral, dental and / or denture care medium are, for example

• - Pigments, such as titanium dioxide, and / or dyes
• PH adjusting agents and buffer substances, for example sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, sodium benzoate, citric acid, phosphoric acid or acid salts, for example NaH ₂ PO ₄
• - Wound-healing and anti-inflammatory substances such as allantoin, urea, panthenol, azulene or chamomile extract
• - Other anti-calculus substances such as organophosphonates, eg Hydroxyethandiphosphonate or Azacycloheptandiphosphonat
• - Preservatives such as sorbic acid salts, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters.
• - Plaque inhibitors such as hexachlorophene, chlorhexidine, hexetidine, triclosan, bromochlorophene, Phenylsalicylsäureester.

In a particular embodiment the composition is a mouthwash, a mouthwash, a denture cleanser or a denture adhesive.

These Compositions are used either undiluted or as a concentrate. The concentrates as well as the denture cleaners are therefore included the usual Ingredients preferably 0.001 to 1, in particular 0.001 to 0.5, and most preferably 0.005 to 0.1 wt .-% and undiluted used mouthwashes and denture adhesive preferably 0.0001 to 0.5, especially 0.0001 to 0.1, and most preferably 0.0001 to 0.05 wt .-% of patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives.

For inventively preferred Prosthesis cleaners, in particular prosthesis cleansing tablets and -Powder, are in addition to the ingredients already mentioned for the oral, Dental and / or denture care additionally per-connections such as peroxoborate, peroxomonosulfate or percarbonate. They have the advantage of being next to the bleaching effect at the same time also deodorizing and / or disinfecting act. The use of such Per compounds in denture cleaners is between 0.01 and 10 wt .-%, in particular between 0.5 and 5 wt .-%.

When other ingredients are also enzymes, e.g. Proteases and carbohydrase, suitable for breaking down proteins and carbohydrates. The pH can be between pH 4 and pH 12, in particular between pH 5 and pH 11.

For the prosthesis cleansing tablets, additional auxiliaries are additionally necessary, such as, for example, agents which give off a bubbling effect, for example CO ₂ releasing substances such as sodium bicarbonate, fillers, for example sodium sulfate or dextrose, lubricants, for example magnesium stearate, flow regulators, for example colloidal silica and granulating agents, such as the already mentioned high molecular weight polyethylene glycols or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Denture adhesives can be offered as powders, creams, foils or liquids and support the adhesion of the prostheses.

When Active ingredients are natural and synthetic swelling substances. As natural swelling substances are in addition Alginates also include plant gums such as e.g. Gum arabic, tragacanth and karaya gum as well as more natural To take rubber. In particular, alginates and synthetic have Swelling agents, e.g. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, high molecular weight Ethylene oxide copolymers, salts of poly (vinyl ether-co-maleic acid) and Polyacrylamides.

When Excipients for pasty and liquid Products are particularly suitable hydrophobic basics, in particular Hydrocarbons, such as white Vaseline (DAB) or paraffin oil.

Another object of the present invention are cosmetics, in particular personal care products containing Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms, in particular of fungi, particularly preferably of keratinophilic fungi, such as hair shampoos, hair lotions, bubble baths, shower baths, foot baths , Creams, gels, lotions, alkoho Aqueous and aqueous / alcoholic solutions, emulsions, wax / fat compounds, stick preparations, powders or ointments can be used as auxiliaries and additives, mild surfactants, oil particles, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, pearlescing waxes, bodying agents, thickeners, polymers, silicone compounds, fats, waxes, stabilizers , Biogenic agents, deodorants, antiperspirants, anti-dandruff agents, film formers, swelling agents, ultraviolet light protective agents, antioxidants, hydrotropes, preservatives, insect repellents, self-tanning agents, solubilizers, perfume oils, dyes, and the like.

According to one preferred embodiment the cosmetic preparation is selected from personal care products, in particular Creams, lotions, gels (especially for hands and / or feet), shower, foam and / or footbaths and hair treatment products, especially hair shampoos, hair lotions and Hair care products.

By the use of patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives in cosmetic preparations may be the attachment of microorganisms, preferably fungi, in particular of keratinophilic fungi on skin, especially human skin, preferably be reduced.

The Development of an infection of the skin or the cornea and the Skin appendages, can by the use of the cosmetic according to the invention Medium be particularly well prevented. In particular, the attachment and thus also the propagation of keratinophilic in particular Mushrooms in the skin and nails can by lotions according to the invention and skin creams, especially for hands and nails, can be prevented without additional antimicrobial substances to have to use. secondary infections such already damaged Skin areas, especially by bacteria, can also be prevented.

Especially in dandruff is their use in hair treatment products, preferred Hair shampoos or hair lotions and hair care products, such as hair treatments, preferably against dandruff, especially suitable, the trigger to detach the dandruff from the scalp and hair and easier to remove.

typical examples for suitable mild, i. particularly skin-compatible surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, Monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, taurides, Fatty acid glutamates, α-olefinsulfonates, ether, Alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, Alkylamidobetaines and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.

Examples of oil bodies are Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters of branched C ₆ -C ₁₃ carboxylic acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ -fatty alcohols, such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, Myristylisostearat, myristyl, Myristylbehenat, Myristylerucat, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, Cetylisostearat, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, Cetylerucat, Stearylmyristat, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, Stearylisostearat, stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, Stearylerucat, isostearyl, isostearyl palmitate, Isostearylstearat, isostearyl isostearate, Isostearyloleat, isostearyl behenate, Isostearyloleat isonanonoate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, Oleylbehenat, erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl, Behenylisostearat, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, Erucylm yritate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucyl erucate. In addition, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimerdiol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / Triglyceridmisungen based on C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, esters of C ₆ C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils , branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, guerbet carbonates, esters of benzoic acid with lin earen and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (such as Finsolv ^® TN) linear, or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers having 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, ring opening products of epoxidized Fettsäureestern with polyols, silicone oils and / or aliphatic or naphthenic Hydrocarbons such as squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes into consideration.

• (1) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid und/oder 0 bis 5 Mol Propylenoxid an lineare Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, an Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen, an Alkylphenole mit 8 bis 15 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe sowie Alkylamine mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest;
• (2) C_12/18-Fettsäuremono- und -diester von Anlagerungsprodukten von 1 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid an Glycerin;
• (3) Glycerinmono- und -diester und Sorbitanmono- und -diester von gesättigten und ungesättigten Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und deren Ethylenoxidanlagerungsprodukte;
• (4) Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylmono- und -oligoglycoside mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alk(en)ylrest und deren ethoxylierte Analoga;
• (5) Anlagerungsprodukte von 15 bis 60 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöl und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;
• (6) Polyol- und insbesondere Polyglycerinester;
• (7) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 15 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöl und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;
• (8) Partialester auf Basis linearer, verzweigter, ungesättigter bzw. gesättigter C_6/22-Fettsäuren, Ricinolsäure sowie 12-Hydroxystearinsäure und Glycerin, Polyglycerin, Pentaerythrit, Dipentaerythrit, Zuckeralkohole (z.B. Sorbit), Alkylglucoside (z.B. Methylglucosid, Butylglucosid, Laurylglucosid) sowie Polyglucoside (z.B. Cellulose);
• (9) Mono-, Di- und Trialkylphosphate sowie Mono-, Di- und/oder Tri-PEG-alkylphosphate und deren Salze;
• (10) Wollwachsalkohole;
• (11) Polysiloxan-Polyalkyl-Polyether-Copolymere bzw. entsprechende Derivate;
• (12) Mischester aus Pentaerythrit, Fettsäuren, Citronensäure und Fettalkohol gemäß DE 1165574 PS und/oder Mischester von Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, Methylglucose und Polyolen, vorzugsweise Glycerin oder Polyglycerin,
• (13) Polyalkylenglycole sowie
• (14) Glycerincarbonat.

Examples of suitable emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:

• (1) addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear fatty alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, to fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, to alkylphenols having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the Alkyl group and alkylamines having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical;
• (2) C _12/18 fatty acid _mono- and diesters of addition products of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
• (3) glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products;
• (4) alkyl and / or alkenyl mono- and oligoglycosides having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl radical and their ethoxylated analogs;
• (5) addition products of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil;
• (6) polyol and especially polyglycerol esters;
• (7) addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil;
• (8) _{partial esters} based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C _6/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (eg sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (eg methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) as well as polyglucosides (eg cellulose);
• (9) mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their salts;
• (10) wool wax alcohols;
• (11) polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
• (12) mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE 1165574 PS and / or mixed esters of fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol,
• (13) Polyalkylene glycols as well
• (14) Glycerol carbonate.

The addition products of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide to fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or to castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are mixtures of homologues whose mean Alkoxylierungsgrad the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate, with which the addition reaction is carried out corresponds. C _12/18 fatty acid _mono- and diesters of addition products of ethylene oxide with glycerol are made DE 2024051 PS known as a refatting agent for cosmetic preparations.

alkyl and / or alkenyl mono- and oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use is known in the art. Your production takes place in particular by reaction of glucose or oligosaccharides with primary Alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. With respect to the glycoside residue, that both Monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidic is bound to the fatty alcohol, as well as oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization to preferably about 8 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, one for such technical products usual Homolog distribution is based.

Typical examples of suitable polyglycerol esters are Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (Dehymuls ^® PGPH), Polyglycerin-3-Diisostearate (Lameform ^® TGI), Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate (Isolan ^® GI 34), Polyglyceryl-3 Oleate, Diisostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate (Isolan ^® PDI), Polyglyceryl-3 methyl glucose Ditearate (Tego Care ^® 450), Polyglyceryl-3 Beeswax (Cera Bellina ^®), Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate (Polyglycerl Caprate T2010 / 90), Polyglyceryl-3 Cetyl ether (Chimexane ^® NL), Polyglyceryl -3 Distearate (Cremophor ^® GS 32) and Polyglyceryl polyricinoleates (Admul ^® WOL 1403) polyglyceryl dimerates Isostearate and mixtures thereof.

Furthermore, zwitterionic surfactants can be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic surfactants are those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammoniumglycinate, for example Kokosalkyldimethylammoniumglycinat, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammoniumglycinate, for example Kokosacylaminopropyldimethylammoniumglycinat, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazoline each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the Kokosacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinat. Particularly preferred is the fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name Cocamidopropyl Betaine. Also suitable emulsifiers are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are understood as meaning those surface-active compounds which, apart from a C _8/18 -alkyl or -acyl group in the molecule, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each having about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C _12/18 acylsarcosine. In addition to the ampholytic, quaternary emulsifiers are also suitable, with those of the esterquat type, preferably methyl-quaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.

As superfatting agent can Substances such as lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxylated or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, Monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides be used, the latter also as foam stabilizers serve.

When Pearlescent waxes are, for example, suitable: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyfunctional, optionally hydroxysubstituted carboxylic acids with Fatty alcohols with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain Esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances, such as, for example, fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, Fatty ethers and fatty carbonates having a total of at least 24 carbon atoms, especially Lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic, Ring opening products of olefin epoxides having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof.

When Bodying agents are primarily fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and next to it Partial glycerides, fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids in Consideration. Preference is given to a combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides and / or fatty acid N-methylglucamides same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxy stearates.

Suitable thickening agents are, for example, Aerosil types (hydrophilic silicas), polysaccharides, in particular xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, furthermore higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, (eg Carbopols ^® from Goodrich or Synthalene ^® from Sigma), polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane, fatty alcohol ethoxylates with narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides and electrolytes such as saline and ammonium chloride.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives such as a quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose obtainable from Amerchol under the name Polymer JR 400 ^®, cationic starch, copolymers of diallyl ammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers, for example Luviquat ^® (BASF) , condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides, for example lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat® ^® L / Grunau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers, for example, amodimethicone, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine (Cartaretine ^® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat ^® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, as described for example in FR 2252840 A and their crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives such as quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline distributed, condensation products of dihaloalkylene, such as dibromobutane with bis-dialkylamines, such as bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum, such as Jaguar ^® CBS, Jaguar ^® C-17, Jaguar ^® C-16 of Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, for example Mirapol ^® A-15, Mirapol ^® AD-1, Mirapol ^® AZ-1 from Miranol.

When anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers For example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / Isobornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and their esters, uncrosslinked and polyols crosslinked polyacrylic acids, acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, Octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert.butylaminoethyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinylacetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate / vinylcaprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones in question.

Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, cyclic silicones and amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or alkyl-modified silicone compounds which may be both liquid and resin-form at room temperature. Wei terhin suitable are simethicones, which are mixtures of dimethicones having an average chain length of 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units and hydrogenated silicates. A detailed overview of suitable volatile silicones can also be found in Todd et al. in Cosm.Toil. 91, 27 (1976).

typical examples for Fats are glycerides, as waxes come u.a. natural waxes, e.g. candelilla, Carnauba wax, japan wax, esparto wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, Sugarcane wax, ouricury wax, montan wax, beeswax, shellac wax, Spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax), cudgel fat, Ceresin, ozokerite (groundwax), petrolatum, paraffin waxes, microwaxes; chemical modified waxes (hard waxes), e.g. Montanester waxes, Sasol waxes, hydrogenated jojoba waxes and synthetic waxes, e.g. polyalkylene and polyethylene glycol waxes in question.

When Stabilizers can Metal salts of fatty acids, such as. Magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate be used.

Under Biogenic agents are for example tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, Tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, Retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, Pseudoceramides, essential oils, Plant extracts and vitamin complexes to understand.

cosmetic Deodorants (deodorants) counteract body odors, cover up or eliminate them. Body odors arise by the action of dermal bacteria on apocrine sweat, being uncomfortable smelling degradation products are formed. Accordingly included Deodorants active substances used as antimicrobial agents, enzyme inhibitors, Odor absorber or odor masker act.

When antimicrobial agents, optionally in addition to those used to inhibit adhesion patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or microorganisms used whose derivatives are added to the cosmetics according to the invention can, are basically all substances active against gram-positive bacteria are suitable, such as z. For example, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and their salts and esters, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis (6-bromo-4-chloro phenol), 3-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3- (4-chlorophenoxy) -1,2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, menthol, mint oil, phenoxyethanol, Glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprinate (DMC), salicylic acid N-alkylamides such as Salicylic acid n-octylamide or salicylic acid n-decylamide.

Enzyme inhibitors can also be added to the cosmetics of the invention. For example, esterase inhibitors may be suitable enzyme inhibitors. These are preferably trialkyl such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl, triisopropyl, tributyl citrate and especially triethyl citrate (Hydagen® ^® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Dusseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit the enzyme activity and thereby reduce odors. Further substances which are suitable as esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, Adipinsäuremonoethylester, Adipinsäu rediethylester, malonic acid and diethyl malonate, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their esters such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or diethyl tartrate, and zinc glycinate.

When Odor absorbers are suitable substances, the odor-forming compounds record and largely hold. They lower the partial pressure of the individual components and thus also reduce their propagation speed. It is important that there Fragrances unimpaired have to stay. Odor absorbers have no activity against bacteria. They contain For example, as a main component of a complex zinc salt of ricinoleic acid or special, largely odorless fragrances, which are known in the art as "fixatives", such as z. B. Extracts of Labdanum or Styrax or certain Abietinsäurederivate. As an odor masker Fragrances or perfume oils that work additionally to their function as odor maskers Give the deodorants their respective scent. As perfume oils are For example, called mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. natural Fragrances are extracts of flowers, Stems and leaves, fruits, Fruit peels, roots, woods, herbs and grasses, Needles and twigs as well as resins and balsams. Furthermore come animal Raw materials in question, such as civet and castoreum. typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester type, Ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons.

• (a) adstringierende Wirkstoffe,
• (b) Ölkomponenten,
• (c) nichtionische Emulgatoren,
• (d) Coemulgatoren,
• (e) Konsistenzgeber,
• (f) Hilfsstoffe wie z. B. Verdicker oder Komplexierungsmittel und/oder
• (g) nichtwässrige Lösungsmittel wie z. B. Ethanol, Propylenglykol und/oder Glycerin.

Anti-perspirants (antiperspirants) reduce by influencing the activity of eccrine Sweat glands sweat, and thus counteract underarm wetness and body odor. Aqueous or anhydrous formulations of antiperspirants typically contain the following ingredients:

• (a) astringent agents,
• (b) oil components,
• (c) nonionic emulsifiers,
• (d) coemulsifiers,
• (e) bodybuilder,
• (f) adjuvants such as. B. thickener or complexing agent and / or
• (g) non-aqueous solvents such as. As ethanol, propylene glycol and / or glycerol.

When Astringent antiperspirant active ingredients are especially suitable Salts of aluminum, zirconium or zinc. Such suitable antiperspirant active agents are e.g. Aluminum chloride, Aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate and their complexes z. With propylene glycol-1,2. Aluminiumhydroxyallantoinat, Aluminum chloride tartrate, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate and their complex compounds z. With amino acids like glycine.

• • entzündungshemmende, hautschützende oder wohlriechende ätherische Öle,
• • synthetische hautschützende Wirkstoffe und/oder
• • öllösliche Parfümöle.

In addition, antiperspirants may contain customary oil-soluble and water-soluble adjuvants in smaller amounts. Such oil-soluble auxiliaries may be, for example:

• • anti-inflammatory, skin-protecting or fragrant essential oils,
• • synthetic skin-protecting agents and / or
• • oil-soluble perfume oils.

Usual water-soluble additives are e.g. Preservatives, water-soluble fragrances, pH adjusters, e.g. Buffer mixtures, water-soluble Thickening agents, e.g. water-soluble natural or synthetic polymers such as e.g. Xanthan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Polyvinylpyrrolidone or high molecular weight polyethylene oxides.

When Anti-dandruff agents can Climbazole, octopirox and zinc pyrethion. Preference may be given to fight of dandruff the preparations according to the invention with at least one of these anti-dandruff agents can be used in combination.

common Film formers are, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers the acrylic acid series, quaternary Cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or salts thereof and the like Links.

When Swelling agent for aqueous phases can Montmorillonite, clay minerals, pemulen as well as alkyl-modified Carbopol types (Goodrich) serve. Other suitable polymers or Swelling agents can the overview by R. Lochhead in Cosm.Toil. 108, 95 (1993).

• • 3-Benzylidencampher bzw. 3-Benzylidennorcampher und dessen Derivate, z.B. 3-(4-Methylbenzyliden)campher wie in der EP 0693471 B1 beschrieben;
• • 4-Aminobenzoesäurederivate, vorzugsweise 4-Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-octylester und 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäureamylester;
• • Ester der Zimtsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxyzimtsäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-Methoxyzimtsäurepropylester, 4-Methoxyzimtsäureisoamylester 2-Cyano-3,3-phenylzimtsäure-2-ethylhexylester (Octocrylene);
• • Ester der Salicylsäure, vorzugsweise Salicylsäure-2-ethylhexylester, Salicylsäure-4-isopropylbenzylester, Salicylsäurehomomenthylester;
• • Derivate des Benzophenons, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon, 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenon, 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon;
• • Ester der Benzalmalonsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxybenzmalonsäuredi-2-ethylhexylester;
• • Triazinderivate, wie z.B. 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy)-1,3,5-triazin und Octyl Triazon, wie in der EP 0818450 A1 beschrieben oder Dioctyl Butamido Triazone (Uvasorb^® HEB);
• • Propan-1,3-dione, wie z.B. 1-(4-tert.Butylphenyl)-3-4'methoxyphenyl)propan-1,3-dion;
• • Ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0)decan-Derivate, wie in der EP 0694521 B1 beschrieben. Als wasserlösliche Substanzen kommen in Frage:
• • 2-Phenylbenzimidazol-5-sulfonsäure und deren Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium-, Alkylammonium-, Alkanolammonium- und Glucammoniumsalze;
• • Sulfonsäurederivate von Benzophenonen, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon-5-sulfonsäure und ihre Salze;
• • Sulfonsäurederivate des 3-Benzylidencamphers, wie z.B. 4-(2-Oxo-3-bornylidenmethyl)benzolsulfonsäure und 2-Methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornyliden)-sulfonsäure und deren Salze.

Under UV sun protection factors are, for example, at room temperature, liquid or crystalline organic substances present (sunscreen) to understand, which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and the absorbed energy in the form of wavelength radiation, such as heat again. UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. Examples of oil-soluble substances are:

• • 3-Benzylidencampher or 3-Benzylidennorcampher and its derivatives, eg 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor as in EP 0693471 B1 described;
• 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 4-dimethylamino) benzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid 2-octyl ester and 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid amyl ester;
• Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene);
• Esters of salicylic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate;
• Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
• Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;
• Triazine derivatives, such as 2,4,6-trianilino (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as described in U.S. Pat EP 0818450 A1 Dioctyl Butamido Triazone or described (Uvasorb HEB ^®);
• Propane-1,3-diones such as 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3-4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
• • Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives as described in U.S. Pat EP 0694521 B1 described. Suitable water-soluble substances are:
• 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;
• Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts;
• Sulfonic acid derivatives of the 3-benzylidene camphor, such as 4- (2-oxo-3-bomylidenemethyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bomylidene) -sulfonic acid and salts thereof.

As a typical UV-A filter in particular derivatives of benzoylmethane are suitable, such as 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl 4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) -propane-1,3-dione, and enamine compounds as described in U.S.P. DE 19712033 A1 (BASF). Of course, the UV-A and UV-B filters can also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble photoprotective pigments, namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, are also suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are in particular zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium and mixtures thereof. As salts silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used. The oxides and salts are used in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They may have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use those particles which have an ellipsoidal or otherwise deviating shape from the spherical shape. The pigments can also be surface-treated, ie hydrophilized or hydrophobized. Typical examples are coated titanium dioxides, for example Titandioxid T 805 (Degussa) or Eusolex ^® T2000 (Merck). Suitable hydrophobic coating agents are in particular silicones and in particular trialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones. In sunscreens, so-called micro- or nanopigments are preferably used. Preferably, micronized zinc oxide is used. Further suitable UV photoprotective filters can be found in the review by P.Finkel in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996).

In addition to the two aforementioned groups of primary light stabilizers, it is also possible to use secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates into the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (eg glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (eg urocaninic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (eg anserine) , Carotenoids, carotenes (eg α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (eg dihydrolipoic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (eg thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, Cystamine and its glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters) and their salts, dilauryl thiodipropionate , Distearylthiodipropionat, thiodipropionic acid and its derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and Sulfoximinverbindungen (eg Buthioninsulfoximine, Homocysteinsulfoximin, Butioninsulfone, penta-, hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximin) in very low vert doses (eg pmol to μmol / kg), furthermore (metal) chelators (eg α-hydroxyfatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), α-hydroxy acids (eg citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, Biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (eg γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and its derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (eg ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate ), Tocopherols and derivatives (eg, vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate), and benzylic resin, rutinic acid and their derivatives, α-glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiacetic acid , Nordihydroguajaretsäure, Trihydroxybutyrophenon, uric acid and its derivatives, mannose and its derivatives, superoxide dismutase, zinc and its Derivatives (eg ZnO, ZnSO ₄ ) selenium and its derivatives (eg selenium methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (eg stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the inventively suitable derivatives (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these drugs.

• • Glycerin;
• • Alkylenglycole, wie beispielsweise Ethylenglycol, Diethylenglycol, Propylenglycol, Butylenglycol, Hexylenglycol sowie Polyethylenglycole mit einem durchschnittlichen Molekulargewicht von 100 bis 1.000 Dalton;
• • technische Oligoglyceringemische mit einem Eigenkondensationsgrad von 1,5 bis 10 wie etwa technische Diglyceringemische mit einem Diglyceringehalt von 40 bis 50 Gew.-%;
• • Methyolverbindungen, wie insbesondere Trimethylolethan, Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolbutan, Pentaerythrit und Dipentaerythrit;
• • Niedrigalkylglucoside, insbesondere solche mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffen im Alkylrest, wie beispielsweise Methyl- und Butylglucosid;
• • Zuckeralkohole mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Sorbit oder Mannit,
• • Zucker mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Glucose oder Saccharose;
• • Aminozucker, wie beispielsweise Glucamin;
• • Dialkoholamine, wie Diethanolamin oder 2-Amino-1,3-propandiol.

Hydrotropes, such as, for example, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or polyols can also be used to improve the flow behavior. Polyols contemplated herein preferably have from 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. The polyols may contain other functional groups, in particular amino groups, or be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are

• • glycerin;
• Alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
• Technical Oligoglyceringemische with an intrinsic degree of condensation of 1.5 to 10 such as technical Diglycerol mixtures having a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight;
• Methyolverbindungen, in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
• Lower alkyl glucosides, especially those having 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as, for example, methyl and butyl glucoside;
• Sugar alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as sorbitol or mannitol,
• • sugars having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as glucose or sucrose;
• • amino sugars, such as glucamine;
• Dialcohols, such as diethanolamine or 2-amino-1,3-propanediol.

When Preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, Formaldehyde solution, Parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and those listed in Appendix 6, Part A and B of the Cosmetics Regulation listed further substance classes. Insect repellents are N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide, 1,2-pentanediol or ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate in question, is suitable as a self-tanner Dihydroxyacetone.

When Perfume oils are called mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers (Lily, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (Geranium, petitgrain), fruits (Anise, coriander, caraway, Juniper), fruit peel (bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (Macis, Angelica, Celery, Cardamom, Costus, Iris, Calmus), Woods (Pine, Sandal, guajac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, Lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, fir, Pine, pines), resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, Myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Furthermore come animal raw materials in question, such as Zibet and Castoreum. Typical synthetic Fragrance compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, Ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons.

When Dyes can the for used for cosmetic purposes suitable and approved substances as described, for example, in the publication "Cosmetic Colorants" of the Dye Commission the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, S.81-106 are compiled. These dyes are usually in concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1 wt .-%, based on the total mixture used.

Of the Total content of auxiliaries and additives may be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40 wt .-% - based on the means - amount. The preparation of the agent can be by conventional cold or hot processes respectively; It is preferable to work according to the phase inversion temperature method.

One Another object of the invention are pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of infections by microorganisms, preferably by bacteria and / or fungi, in particular by fungi most preferably by keratinophilic fungi, characterized that they have patchouli oil, Patchoulia alcohol and / or its derivatives.

Especially can these preparations topically on the skin and its appendages, especially the hair and the nails be applied.

infections by fungi, e.g. by Candida and in particular by keratinophilic Fungi such as Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton (foot and nail fungus) or Malassezia (Pityriasis versicolor), can not do so through the use treated antimycotic substances. Likewise suitable the preparations of the invention for the prevention of such infections, in which the fungi, in particular The keratinophilic fungi are prevented from getting into the skin (especially the cornea of the hands and feet) or in the skin appendages and multiply there unrestricted. The formation of resistance of these fungi against the usual Antimycotics is also avoided.

Especially risk of infection Skin areas are the scalp, nails, hands and feet, body wrinkles and in particular Toe and finger gaps. These infections are also called tinea capitis, tinea unguium, tinea manuum, tinea pedis and tinea inguinalis.

infections the skin and mucous membranes, especially in the mouth and genital area, Species of the genus Candida, in particular Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. dubliniensis can also be obtained by the pharmaceutical according to the invention Preparations are treated or prevented.

In particular, the preparations according to the invention are suitable for the treatment and / or prophylaxis xe of dermatomycoses caused by the keratinophilic fungi, in particular the dermatophytes, and candidiasis caused by Candida, in particular Candida albicans.

The Pharmaceutical preparations preferably contain a physiological acceptable Carrier. This comprises one or more adjuvants, as is customary in such preparations be used, such as. As thickeners, moistening and / or moisturizing substances, surfactants, emulsifiers, plasticizers, foam brakes, Fats, oils, Waxes, silicones, sequestering agents, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric polymers, alkalinizing or acidifying agents, Alcohols, Polyols, Softening, Adsorbents, light stabilizers, electrolytes, organic solvents, Preservatives, Bactericides, Antioxidants, Fragrances, Flavors, Dyes and pigments.

at preferred topical administration may be the pharmaceutical preparations in different forms, such as creams or ointments be present, especially in anhydrous form such as an oil or a balm or even in the form of an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, for example a cream or a milk, in the form of suspensions, Solutions, Powdering or paving. When the preparations are in anhydrous form can be present, the carrier a vegetable or animal oil, a mineral oil or too a synthetic oil or mixtures of such oils be. patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol are particularly good oil-soluble and therefore also special suitable for incorporation into anhydrous products.

To a particularly preferred embodiment For example, the attachment of keratinophilic fungi to biotic surfaces, e.g. Skin and / or their appendages, reduced. In particular are including skin and its appendages such as hair and / or nails of To understand humans and / or animals.

Prefers is the attachment of fungi, especially keratinophilic fungi on human, biotic surfaces, in particular the human skin by the use according to the invention of patchouli oil, Patchoulia alcohol and / or derivatives thereof reduced.

Also can by use of the invention the patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives the adhesion of micro-organisms, especially fungi, on animals and the risk of transmission of these fungi on humans, which may be violent inflammatory Reactions may be reduced from the outset. The Danger of infection can thus be significantly reduced.

1. Liquid detergent with patchouli oil

Table 1:

2. Preportioned liquid detergent in polyvinyl alcohol film with Patchoulialkohol

Table 2

The Pre-portioned detergent is dosed with 50 ml.

3. Powdered detergent with patchouli alcohol

Table 3:

The Detergent is dosed at 75 g.

patchouli Can also be incorporated as part of the perfume. It is then in concentrations of 0.1-80 % in the perfume oil and will be over the registered in the detergent formulation perfume oil in the wash liquor.

4. Mouthwash:

Table 4:

5. Toothpaste

Table 5:

5. denture cleanser, powdery

Table 6:

7. denture adhesive:

Table 7:

Claims (35)

Use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the microorganisms are selected from the group of bacteria and fungi. Use according to claim 2, characterized that selected the bacteria are from the group Propionibacterium acnes, Stapylococcus aureus, Streptococcus group A (beta-hemolytic S.), S. pyogenes, Corynebacterium spp. (especially C. tenuis, C. diphtheriae, C. minutissimum), Micrococcus spp., (In particular M. sedentarius), Bacillus anthracis, Neisseria meningitidis, N. gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. pseudomallei, Borrelia burgdorferi, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium spp. Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spec., (Especially S. gordoni), S. mutans), Actinomyces spec., Especially A. naeslundii, Salmonella spec., Actinobacteria, especially Brachybacterium spec., alpha-Proteobacteria, in particular Agrobacterium spec., beta-Proteobacteria, in particular Nitrosomonas spec., Aquabacterium spec., Hydrogenophaga, gamma-Proteobacteria. especially Stenotrophomonas spec., Xanthomonas spec (campestris), Neisseria spec. and Haemophilus spec. Use according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized that the attachment of human pathogenic fungi is reduced. Use according to one of claims 2 or 4, characterized that the adhesion of yeasts, molds and / or keratinophilic Mushrooms is reduced. Use according to claim 5, characterized that the attachment of fungi of the species of Candida, in particular Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, is diminished. Use according to claim 5, characterized that the attachment of fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium and / or mucor, especially Aspergillus diminished becomes. Use according to claim 5, characterized that the attachment of fungi of the genera Malassezia, Trichophyton, Microsporum and / or Epidermophyton, in particular Malassezia and Trichophyton, diminished. Use according to claim 1, characterized that the attachment of human, animal or plant-pathogenic viruses As well as bacteriophages is reduced. Use according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized that patchouli oil, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives in the final concentrations used not biocidal or biostatic or virus-inactivating act. Use according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized that patchouli oil, Patchouli alcohol and / or derivatives thereof to 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% are included. Use according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized that the adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces that coming into contact with the human body is diminished. Use according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized that the adhesion of microorganisms to textiles, ceramics, Metals, filter media, building materials, building aids, furs, paper, skins, Leather and / or plastics is reduced. Use according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized that the attachment of microorganisms to linen, dentures or dentures is reduced. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives are used in preparations which selected are among detergents, cleaners, rinse-offs, Hand washing detergents hand dishwashing detergents, Dishwashing detergents, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical agents and equipment for the treatment of Packaging, filter media, adhesives, building materials, building aids, Textiles, furs, paper, skins or leather. Detergents, cleaning agents, rinsing agents, Hand washing, hand dishwashing, Automatic dishwasher detergents, Textile treatment, cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical agents and means for equipment of packaging, filter media, building materials, building aids, textiles, Furs, paper, skins or leather containing patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives. Washing and / or cleaning agents according to claim 16, characterized in that it contains 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% of patchouli, Patchoulialkohol and / or its derivatives. Washing and / or cleaning agent according to claim 17, characterized in that it is a cleaning agent for hard surfaces or a liquid one or solid detergent. Textile treatment agent according to claim 16, characterized characterized in that it contains 0.000001 to 3% by weight of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives. Textile treatment agent according to claim 19, characterized characterized in that the means are selected from textile conditioners, softeners and dryer sheets. Packaging, filter media, building materials, building aids, Textiles, furs, paper, furs or leather, equipped with an agent according to claim 16th Adhesive according to Claim 16, characterized that he 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or contains its derivatives. Adhesive according to Claim 22, characterized that it is a water-based adhesive. Adhesive according to Claim 22 or 23, characterized that it is an adhesive for fixing wallpaper and the like Wandbelagsstoffen acts. Sealant according to claim 16, characterized in that that they 0.000001 to 3 wt .-% Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or contains its derivatives. Sealant according to claim 25, characterized that it is a jointing compound. Cosmetic composition according to claim 16, comprising 0.000001 to 3% by weight of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives. Cosmetic compositions according to claim 27, characterized in that it comprises means for oral, dental or dental prosthetic care agent. A composition according to any one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that it is a mouthwash, a Mouthwash, a denture cleaner or a denture adhesive is. Composition according to Claim 27, characterized that it is personal care, in particular Creams, lotions, shower, foam and / or Foot baths, as well Hair treatment preparations, preferably hair shampoos, hair lotions and Hair care products, trades. Pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 16 for Treatment and / or prophylaxis of infections by microorganisms, characterized in that the preparation Patchouliöl, Patchoulialkohol and / or contains its derivatives. Pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 31, characterized in that they are used for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of Fungal infections is used. Pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 32, characterized characterized in that the fungal infection by keratinophilic fungi is caused. Pharmaceutical preparation according to one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that they are topically on skin and / or their Annex structure is applied. Use of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and / or its derivatives for the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of fungal infections, in particular by keratinophilic fungi.