DE19858817A1 - Reactive 2-component binding agent, for the production of aqueous reactive surface fillers, comprises an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer and a free isocyanate group containing polyisocyanate - Google Patents

Abstract

An aqueous reactive 2-component binding agent combination (I) for aqueous reactive surface fillers (II) comprises (A) an aqueous dispersion and/or emulsion of a copolymer and (B) a free isocyanate group containing polyisocyanate. Independent claims are included for: (i) an aqueous reactive surface filler (II) comprising (A), (B) having a viscosity of 10-20,000 mPas at 23 deg C and a functionality of 1.5-7.5, (C) a pigment and/or filler, optionally (D) processing aids and additive. (E) oligomers and/or polymers in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions and/or emulsions and (F) water and/or organic solvents whereby the weight ratio of resin to pigment/filler is 1:1.3-1:20; and (ii) a process for the production of (II) by mixing (A), (C), optionally (D), (E) and up to 20 wt.% (F) in an appropriate device to form at least 85 wt.% of (I) followed by the addition of up to 15 wt.% of a polyisocyanate cross-linking agent (B) to form a homogeneous mixture.

Description

The invention relates to aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, process for the production of aqueous reactive fillers based on aqueous reactive 2-component Binder combinations and the use of such fillers.

Unsaturated polyester resins as binders for fillers have been around for a long time known. However, such products contain large amounts of reactive, volatile Solvents, preferably styrene, as copolymerizable monomers. It is not on Attempted to develop binders based on unsaturated polyester have such a low viscosity that they are characteristic of leveling compounds can absorb large amounts of filler and in the absence of copolymerisable Monomers to be tack-free with the help of peroxides despite low molecular weights Fillers can be hardened. EP 154 924 may be mentioned here by way of example, in the polyester based on unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, diols and allyl ethers are claimed to fillers without reactive, volatile solvents can be formulated. Because of that for a number of applications low reactivity or slow curing and due to the high Raw material cost levels have so far been able to achieve such and similar systems in the market don't enforce. Aqueous one-component fillers are also known however, such products do not have what is required for many areas of application Property level on.

So there is still the task of raw materials or combinations of binders to be made available for leveling compounds that are not reactive, volatile Solvent and using the high to characteristic of fillers very stable amounts of filler and qualitatively in practical times high quality, even in very thick layers down to the centimeter range applicable, fillers can be cured. Other important An Requirements for new binder combinations for leveling compounds are one  fast sandability, a must for professional processing special filler consistency, high hardness with sufficient Flexibility, high filling capacity, good adhesion to various substrates, very good paintability with different paint systems and good Resistance properties.

Other important requirements for modern leveling compounds are the highest possible Environmental compatibility, d. H. the lowest possible volatile organic content Substances, as well as a high variability, d. H. the possibility based on appropriate Binder combinations through selection of appropriate raw materials, additives, Fillers and pigments both highly reactive fillers, with then relative short processing time, but also fillers with longer processing time and still be able to formulate good reactivity.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one present in aqueous dispersion or emulsion Copolymer and
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups, in which Are able to meet the above requirements.

The binder combinations according to the invention and those produced from them Putties contain only small amounts of volatile organic components and show great variability in reactivity. Besides, it is possible to produce lightfast fillers through a suitable selection of raw materials, practically none in the fields of application common for fillers Show yellowing or chalking or discoloration.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder compositions for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one present in aqueous dispersion and / or emulsion Copolymer consisting of
• b) 35 to 95% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 0 to 50% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 0 to 6 wt .-% acid-functional monomers, which given if part or all of it can be in neutralized form,
• f) 0 to 25% by weight of other monomers and
• g) with at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) being 100.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claim 1 be existing

• a) at least one aqueous emulsion copolymer with one molecule lar weight <50 000 g / mol, consisting of
• b) 40 to 90% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 0 to 40% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 0.5 to 5 wt .-% acid functional monomers, which given if part or all of it can be in neutralized form,
• f) 0 to 15% by weight of other monomers and
• g) with at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 2 until 6,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) being 100.  

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers, consisting of

• a) at least one emulsion copoly containing isocyanate-reactive groups merisat with a molecular weight <50,000 g / mol, consisting of
• b) 50 to 85% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 5 to 30% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 2 to 30% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 1 to 4 wt .-% carboxyl and / or carboxylate functional mono meren and
• f) with at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 2.4 to 5.5,

the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) being 100.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) at least one Co present in aqueous dispersion or emulsion polymer,
• b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a functionality of 1.5 to 7.5,
• c) at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) auxiliaries and additives, if appropriate,
• e) optionally further in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion existing oligomers or polymers and
• f) optionally water and / or organic solvent,

the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from compo nente b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from Component c)) is 1: 1.3 to 1:20.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50% by weight of at least one emulsion copolymer,
• b) 1 to 15% by weight of at least one poly containing free isocyanate groups isocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2 to 6,
• c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one emulsion copolymer, einpolymeri containing
• b) 35 to 95% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 0 to 50% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 0 to 6 wt .-% acid-functional monomers, which, if appropriate may be present in part or entirely in neutralized form
• f) 0 to 25% by weight of other monomers and  
• g) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2 to 6,
• h) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• i) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• j) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• k) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ver Ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given if from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one emulsion copolymer of Molecular weight <25,000 g / mol, containing copolymerized
• b) 40 to 90% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 0 to 35% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 0 to 29.5% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 0.5 to 5 wt .-% carboxyl and / or carboxylate functional mono mere,
• f) 0 to 15% by weight of other monomers and 1 to 9.8% by weight at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2 to 6,
• g) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• h) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• i) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and  
• j) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ver Ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.

The invention also relates to aqueous reactive fillers consisting of

• a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one containing isocyanate-reactive groups Emulsion copolymer of molecular weight <50,000 g / mol, poly containing merized
• b) 50 to 85% by weight of hardening monomers,
• c) 5 to 30% by weight of plasticizing monomers,
• d) 2 to 30% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers,
• e) 1 to 4 wt .-% carboxyl and / or carboxylate functional monomers and
• f) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.4 to 5.5,
• g) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• h) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• i) 0 to 50 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• j) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ver Ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15.  

The invention also relates to aqueous fillers consisting of

• a) 22 to 38 wt .-% of at least one containing isocyanate-reactive groups Emulsion copolymer of molecular weight <50,000 g / mol,
• b) 1 to 7.5% by weight of at least one containing free isocyanate groups Polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPas / 23 ° C and one Functionality from 2.4 to 5.5,
• c) 53 to 75% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler,
• d) 0 to 2% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,
• e) 0 to 20 wt .-% further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and
• f) 0 to 10% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,

the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and given otherwise from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 2.1 to 1:10.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of reactive Putties, characterized in that first of at least one as Dispersion or emulsion present polymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliary or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form of aqueous Solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total organic solids content Solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical apparatus Component comprising at least 85% by weight of the leveling compound according to the invention with the consistency required for practical processing is put, and then immediately before the application with the second comm component which makes up up to 15% by weight of the leveling compound according to the invention,  namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to the invention Filler is homogeneously mixed.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of reactive Leveling compounds, characterized in that at least one, emulsion copolymer containing isocyanate-reactive groups with pigment or Pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally Addi tives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or Polymers e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total solid substance content of organic solvents and / or water f) in a suitable tech African apparatus a component that 90.2 to 99 wt .-% of the invention Filler, with the necessary for practical processing Consistency is produced, and this immediately before use with the second component, the 9.8 to 1 wt .-% of the leveling compound according to the invention makes up, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) to the invention appropriate filler is homogeneously mixed.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of reactive Putties, characterized in that first of at least one as Dispersion or emulsion present copolymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliary or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form of aqueous Solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or polymers present e) optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on total organic solids Solvent and / or water f) and at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b) leveling compound according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, immediately before processing the filler, and then this optionally by adding water and / or organic solvent to the required processing consistency is set.  

The invention also relates to the use of the invention reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive Leveling compounds.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive Leveling compounds for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive Leveling compounds for metallic surfaces, vehicle bodies and / or art fabrics.

The invention also relates to the use of the invention reactive 2-component binder combinations in or as aqueous reactive Leveling compounds for marble, granite or mineral substrates.

Suitable polymers a) present in dispersion or emulsion can, for. B. be Polyacrylate dispersions or emulsions, vinyl acrylate-containing polyacrylate Dispersions or emulsions, vinyl ester, vinyl ether, vinyl chloride dispersions or emulsions, polyacrylate polyester dispersions or emulsions, poly acrylate-polyurethane dispersions or emulsions, styrene-containing emulsions or Dispersions, polymer-polyepoxide dispersions, dispersions based on optionally hydrophilized polyolefins, polymer-polyamide dispersions, Polymer-amino resin dispersions containing cellulose or cellulose derivatives Dispersions or emulsions, fluorine-containing aqueous dispersions or emulsions, Dispersions or emulsions containing alkoxysilane or silicone groups, and Mixtures of the above and other dispersions.

Suitable isocyanate-reactive groups can e.g. B. be hydroxyl, amino, thio, Epoxy, ketimine, aldimine, anhydride, oxazolidine, amide, lactam, secondary  Aspartic acid ester groups, phenol and carboxyl groups having amine functions or carboxylate groups.

The polymers a) preferably contain hydroxyl as isocyanate-reactive groups groups and / or carboxyl groups, the latter groups also partially or may be in neutralized form. Polymers without Hydroxyl groups are used.

Preferred polymers a) are polyacrylate dispersions, polyacrylate emulsions, styrene-containing polyacrylate dispersions or emulsions, polyacrylate-polyurethane Dispersions or emulsions, vinyl ether or vinyl ester emulsions, poly acrylate polyester dispersions or emulsions.

The emulsion copolymerization process is particularly preferred Copolymers produced a), the at least 75, preferably 100 wt .-% acrylic polymerized acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters and / or vinyl aromatics contain. Other copolymerizable monomers, oligomers or polymers that are up to 25 wt .-% can be included, for. B. maleic acid mono- or bisesters, Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers, allyl esters, olefins, diolefins, polyolefins. The The monomers or oligomers or polymers mentioned here should also be used of other copolymerisable monomers, oligomers or Do not rule out polymers.

Can be used in the preparation of the emulsion copolymers a) also monomers or oligomers or polymers with more than one copolymer adjustable double bond.

The polymer resins a) are prepared by methods known per se radical polymerization, e.g. B. solution polymerization, the emulsion polymerization and suspension polymerization. The method of is preferred radical emulsion polymerization in an aqueous environment. Continuous payments are possible  Nuclear and batch polymerization processes. Of the possible batch processes, feed processes are particularly preferred. Doing so Water, optionally together with parts or the total amount of emulsifier or surface-active substance, and optionally with parts of the monomers and / or of polymers, and optionally of parts of the initiator or Initiator mixture submitted and warmed to reaction temperature. Then they will Monomers or the remaining monomers and the initiator or that Initiator mixture or parts of the initiator or initiator mixture, if appropriate together with parts of the emulsifier or the surface-active substance, added. If necessary, the monomers can still be added after the end times a small amount of initiator to be added in the post-reaction phase to achieve the desired, very high monomer conversion safely.

The emulsion polymerization can be carried out in one or more stages stage polymerization processes are carried out, with multi-stage Process in each stage the same or different monomer mixtures in the same or different amounts as well as the same or different initiators and / or emulsifiers, or initiator and / or emulsifier concentrations can be set. With a multi-stage polymerization process such. B. Core-shell morphologies, e.g. B. with a hard core and soft shell or vice versa returns or different levels of isocyanate-reactive groups in the core and Shell are made. For multi-stage driving with core-shell morphology the proportion of the core is 20 to 80, preferably 35 to 65% by weight, based on Total solids content of the emulsion.

By doing this, it is surprisingly possible for users a special one in the aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention Adjust property level. In particular, it is possible to fillers get a particularly fast sandability and improved drying, in particular an improved drying (drying behavior immediately after the Application).  

In a preferred embodiment of the aqueous reactive according to the invention Putties are therefore emuls made using a two-stage process sionscopolymerisate with core-shell structure contain, the proportion of the core 20 to 80, preferably 35 to 65 wt .-%, and being in the core or shell different percentages of isocyanate-reactive monomers and / or plasticizing monomers are included and these differences at least 100% by weight, with monomers also exclusively in the core or can only be contained in the shell in polymerized form.

A structure is particularly preferred such that the polymer portion of the core is one lower glass transition temperature than the polymer portion of the shell, and the amount of isocyanate-reactive groups in the shell is at least twice as high as is at the core.

The emulsion polymers can also in the presence of polymeric emulsifiers, of other polymer dispersions such as e.g. B. Polyurethane dispersions become. Here, if appropriate together with emulsifiers, for example one Quantity from 0 to 50%, based on the total solids content of the end pro Ductes, a polyurethane dispersion, and in the presence of one Emulsion polymerization can be carried out as described above. Instead of in In the presence of a polyurethane dispersion, the emulsion polymerization can also be carried out in Presence of other polymers dispersed or dissolved in water, such as e.g. B. polyacrylate secondary dispersions, polyacrylate emulsion polymers, vinyl dispersions containing aromatics, vinyl esters, olefins, vinyl ethers, polyurethane-poly urea dispersions, polyester dispersions or solutions carried out become.

Suitable initiators can be water-soluble or water-insoluble radical-forming Substances or substance mixtures that are present in amounts of 0.025 to 3 preferably from 0.1 to 0.75, particularly preferably from 0.15 to 0.45% by weight  be used on the amount of monomers used. Suitable initiators are e.g. B. Hydrogen peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, dibenzylperoxydicarbo nat, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peroctoate, ammo nium peroxodisulfate, sodium peroxodisulfate, potassium peroxodisulfate, azoiso butter acid dinitrile, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl perpivalate, tert-butyl perbenzoate. At Redox systems are also reducing agents such. B. isoascorbic acid, Ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, salts of hydroxymethanesulfinic acid, formamidine sulfonic acid (Rongalit C), optionally also in combination with iron (II) sulfate and EDTA (Trilon B) used. This allows polymerization reactions even at low higher temperatures.

The polymerization is usually preferred at temperatures of 30 to 95 ° C. performed at 45 to 85 ° C.

Conventional regulators can be used to regulate the molecular weight of the polymers be set, such as B. n- or tert-dodecyl mercaptan. The sharing of such However, substances are not preferred. Contain preferably used polymers a) no such substances.

The particle size can e.g. B. by the amount of emulsifier used, emulsifier mixtures or surface-active substances are influenced. Emulsifiers are very particularly in amounts of 0.25 to 7.0, preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 preferably used from 1.0 to 2.0 wt .-%. The average particle size of the emul sion is between 10 and 600, preferably between 30 and 180 nanometers, with particles of different sizes also being contained in the emulsion can.

The emulsifiers or surface-active substances used contain preferably anionic and / or nonionic structural units. Anionic emul gators can be low molecular weight, defined substances but also oligomeric or be polymeric substances or substance mixtures, which as an anionic group z. B.  Sulphonate, sulphate, carboxylate, phosphate or phosphonate groups contain. Well-suited emulsifiers are e.g. B. those consisting of long-chain alkyl or aryl residues and a hydrophilic polyether chain bound to a hydroxyl group exist on the basis of ethylene oxide or of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide and to additionally contain a sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate or phosphate group. For Conversion of the acid groups into salt groups are ammonia, amines or sodium or potassium. Suitable nonionic emulsifiers, preferably in Combination with ionic emulsifiers are used, for. B. ethoxylated or ethoxylated / propoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated or ethoxylated / propoxy lated alkylphenols, ethoxylated or ethoxylated / propoxylated long-chain alcohols get like B. stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, ethoxylated or ethoxy lated / propoxylated long chain amines such as. B. stearylamine, ethoxylated or ethoxylated / propoxylated abietic acid.

If necessary, other surface-active substances such as. B. Poly vinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyaryl acid salts can also be used.

The use of small amounts of organic solvents such. B. Butyl glycol, xylene, toluene, methoxypropylacetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, methoxy propanol, butylglycol acetate or N-methylpyrrolidone is possible. Preferably However, the copolymers according to the invention become more organic without the use Solvent produced so that the emulsions no volatile organic sub punches contain, except for the optionally added neutralization amines.

Suitable hardening monomers a1) for the preparation of the emulsion polymers according to the invention for leveling compounds can, for. B. be:
Methacrylic acid ester C ₁ - to C ₆ -alkyl side chains or cycloaliphatic or aromatic side groups such as. As methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl methacrylate, iso-butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, norbornyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, vinylaromatics, such as e.g. B. styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, also acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, maleic acid dimethyl ester, maleic acid diethyl ester and mixtures of the above, optionally also with other hardening monomers.

Monomers a1) used with preference are methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate and styrene or mixtures thereof.

Preferably contain those for the production of the leveling compounds according to the invention emulsion copolymers used at least 40, particularly preferably min at least 55% by weight of styrene based on the total amount of monomers used a1) to a5) in polymerized form.

Surprisingly, the spatula thus produced was found measure through a particularly high hardness and a particularly fast drying and distinguish grindability. This is surprising because polymers based on equal amounts e.g. B. methyl methacrylate, the absolutely comparable Molecular weights and computationally comparable glass transition have temperatures and when comparing the drying of the pure emulsion polymers have an equally fast drying, also good for the production fillers are suitable in terms of hardness, fast drying and quick grindability inferior to the products based on styrene are.

Suitable plasticizing monomers a2) for the preparation of the emulsion copolymers according to the invention for leveling compounds can, for. B. be:
Acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, iso-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, iso-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, iso-decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, norbornyl acrylate, Methoxypolypropylenglykolacrylat, methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, oleyl acrylate, palmityl, methacrylic esters with C ₇ - to C ₂₂ alkyl side chains, such as n-heptyl methacrylate, nonyl methacrylate, n -Octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, iso-decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, methoxypolypropylene glycol methacrylate, oleyl methacrylate, palmityl methacrylate, in addition to the above-mentioned maleic acid monomers with other maleic acid monomers, including n-maleic acid monomers, with other butenoic acid monomers.

Monomers a2) which are preferably used are n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, Ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate.

Essentially, plasticizing monomers are those which lead to homopolymers with a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C. The hardening monomers are essentially those whose Homopolymers have glass transition temperatures greater than 0 ° C.

Suitable hydroxy-functional monomers a3) for the preparation of the emulsion copolymers according to the invention for leveling compounds can, for. B. be:
Hydroxy-functional acrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters such as hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, polypropylene glycol mono acrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate and polyethylene glycol methacrylate, methylene glycol, methylene glycol, methylene glycol, methylene glycol, methylene glycol, methylene glycol, methylene glycol Glycidyl ester of versatic acid), reaction products of the above-mentioned and also other hydroxy-functional copolymerizable monomers with ε-caprolactone and mixtures of the above-mentioned, also with other hydroxy-functional monomers.

The hydroxyl group content of the polymers a) is 0 to 8, preferably 0 to 5, particularly preferably 0.2 to 3.5% by weight.

Suitable acid-functional monomers a4) for the preparation of the emulsion copolymers according to the invention for leveling compounds can, for. B. be:
Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid monoalkyl ester, fumaric acid monoalkyl ester, itaconic acid, propylacrylic acid.

The term acid-functional monomers is also intended to include monomers with acid hydride groups, or with blocked acid groups or with potential acid groups are included.

Monomers a4) preferably used are carboxyl-functional monomers, especially acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Acid, especially carboxyl groups in the for the production of the Invention moderate fillers used emulsion copolymers before, during or preferably completely or partially converted into salt groups after the polymerization become. Suitable neutralizing agents are e.g. B. ammonia, triethylamine, Dimethylethanolamine, N-methylmorpholine, dimethylisopropylamine, N-methyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine, aminomethyl-1-propanol, dimethylisopropanol amine, sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution. The use of ammonia is preferred, Triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and dimethylisopropylamine. Preferred New Degree of realization is 20 to 110%, particularly preferably 35 to 75%, d. H. in this In this case, 25 to 70% of the incorporated acid groups remain as non-neutralized Acid in the polymer.

These are in amounts of up to 1.5% by weight of carboxyl-functional monomers preferably at least 50% in neutralized form.  

Suitable other monomers a5) for the preparation of the emulsion copolymers according to the invention for leveling compounds can, for. B. be:
Vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, N-methylolacrylamide, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, acetoacetylethyl methacrylate, acetoacetylethylacrylate, isocyanatoethyl methacrylate, N, N'-dimethyloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxiloxyl Allyl ether, allyl ester, vinyl ester, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate.

Other monomers a5) can also contain oligomeric or polymeric substances at least one copolymerizable group, and substances with more than one copolymerizable group. Such as B. divinylbenzene, 1,6-hexanediol-bisacrylic acid esters, trimethylolpropane trisacrylic acid esters, ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, Dicyclopentadienyl methacrylate, trimethylol propane diallyl ether, butadiene, cyclo octatetraen, polybutadienes, reaction products of polyesters or polyethers or polyepoxides with methacrylic acid and / or acrylic acid, reaction products polyisocyanates with hydroxyethyl acrylate and / or hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and / or hydroxypropyl acrylate and / or hydroxypropyl methacrylate and / or Hydroxybutyl acrylate and / or hydroxybutyl methacrylate.

The monomers a1) to a5) are selected in such a way that stable emulsions be formed.

The emulsion copolymers preferably have molecular weights of < 25000 g / mol, particularly preferably from <50000 g / mol. All specified Molecular weights are weight average. The molecular weights can e.g. B. by Gel permeation chromatography can be determined.  

To achieve special properties, it is also possible to use polymer blends Emulsons copolymers with and without isocyanate-reactive groups, in particular also use emulsion copolymers without hydroxyl groups.

Very particularly preferred emulsion copolymers a) have a solids content of 30 to 55%, a viscosity of 10 to 5000 mPas / 23 ° C., an acid number of 5 to 30 mg KOH / g based on 100% solids content, a hydroxyl group content of 0, 2 to 3.5 wt .-% based on 100% solids content, and a pH of 5.5 to 9 and contain built-in

• 1. 50 to 85% by weight of styrene, methyl methacrylate and / or butyl methacrylate, wherein at least 40, preferably at least 55 wt .-% styrene are,
• 2. 5 to 30% by weight of n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
• 3. 2 to 30% by weight of hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, Hydroxypropyl acrylate and or hydroxyethyl acrylate
• 4. 1 to 4 wt .-% acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, with amounts up to 1.5% by weight of which at least 50% are in neutralized form, the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) being 100, and wherein 1.0 to 2.0% by weight based on the total amount of monomers of emulsifier or emuls gatorgemischen and 0.15 to 0.45 wt .-% based on the total amount Monomers are used on initiator or initiator mixtures.

Suitable polyisocyanates b) are polyisocyanates with free isocyanate groups Based on aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic-aliphatic and / or aroma table mono-, di- and / or triisocyanates. The polyisocyanates have at 23 ° C in generally a viscosity of 10 to 20,000, preferably 10 to 10,000 mPas. If necessary, the polyisocyanates can be mixed with small amounts of inert solvents are used to reduce the viscosity to a value within the specified range.  

Suitable monomeric isocyanates for the preparation of the polyisocyanates b) are, for. B. 1.6- Hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-butane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, bis- (4-iso cyanato-cyclohexyl) methane, 1,4-bis-isocyanatocyclohexane, 2,4- and / or 2,6- Toluene diisocyanate, hexahydro-4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate xylylene diisocyanate, m- or p-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, 1,3- or 1,4-bis- (2-isocya natoethyl) cyclohexane, bis (2-isocyanatophenyl) methane, bis (4-isocyanatophenyl) - methane, nonane triisocyanate, 1,5-diisocyanato-2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,2,4- or 2,4,4- Trimethyl-1,6-diisocyantohexane, 1,10-diisocyanatodecane, hexahydroxylylenediiso cyanate, tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate, 4, (3) isocyanatomethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, Butane isocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate and other isocyanates as they are e.g. B. in "Methods of Organic Chemistry" (Houben-Weyl, Vol 14/2, 4th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1963, pp. 61-70. It can too Mixtures of the above and other isocyanates are used. Preferred diisocyanates are hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate and / or tolylene diisocyanate and nonanetriisocyanate as triisocyanate.

Suitable polyisocyanates are derived from those mentioned or from others Diisocyanates and / or triisocyanates, optionally with the use of Mono- and / or triisocyanates or with the concomitant use of monoalcohols, Diols and / or polyols prepared and known by methods known from the literature e.g. B. isocyanurate, biuret, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione, carbodiimide, uret dione, urethane and / or urea structural units. Poly isocyanates with more than 65% aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bound Isocyanate end groups and isocyanurate, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione and / or Urethane structural units used. Very particularly preferred polyisocyanates usually contain as isocyanate building blocks, optionally along with others hydroxyl functional building blocks, hexamethylene diisocyanate, mixtures of Hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate as Source material.  

The diisocyanates used to prepare the polyisocyanates can in principle can also be used directly as polyisocyanate b), but this is not preferred.

Polyisocyanate components b) can be used as hydrophobic polyisocyanates, ie as no hydrophilic structure that supports or enables dispersion units containing polyisocyanates are used. In this case preferably polyisocyanates with a viscosity <1500, very particularly preferred with viscosities <500 mPas / 23 ° C. This ensures good mixing ensured with the reaction partner even with low shear forces. if the Intrinsic viscosity of the hydrophobic polyisocyanates not in the preferred viscosity range, this is preferably by adding suitable diluents medium set.

Preferred hydrophobic polyisocyanate components b) are e.g. B. low viscosity Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer such. B. Desmodur VP LS 2025/1 (Bayer AG), low-viscosity hexamethylene diisocyanate polyisocyanates with uretdione and / or Allophanate and / or trimer structure units such. B. Desmodur N 3400 (Bayer AG), Desmodur VP LS 2102 (Bayer AG) and in particular Nonantriiso cyanate.

Polyisocyanate components b) can also be used as hydrophilic polyisocyanates become. Hydrophilization is e.g. B. by reacting the polyisocyanates with deficient amounts of hydrophilizing polyether alcohols, e.g. B. on ethylene oxide or ethylene oxide / propylene oxide base, the one or two isocyanate-reactive Groups, preferably containing hydroxyl groups, possible. The manufacture of the Like hydrophilized polyisocyanates is for example in EP-A 540 985 described.

Hydrophilization using the polyethers described above is also possible by reacting excess amounts of these polyethers using Neter catalysts such. B. zinc (II) -2-ethyl-1-hexanoate with polyisocyanates,  in particular polyisocyanates with isocyanurate, biuret, urethane and / or iminooxa Diazinedione structural units with the formation of hydrophilizing allophanate structural units ("allophanate hydrophilization"). Through this Allophanathydrophi lation can z. B. two triple isocyanate functional isocyanurate structural units be hydrophilized by means of a polyether molecule. Such products stand out e.g. B. characterized in that due to the special manufacturing process and the special Structure of the hydrophilic groups, a particularly effective hydrophilization and there is also increased functionality.

It has been found that corresponding polyisocyanate components b) Her provision of fillers according to the invention with particularly high properties level, especially with regard to hardness, sandability, durability properties and enable liability. Such modified by allophanate hydrophilization Polyisocyanates b) are therefore used with very particular preference.

Hydrophilization by adding external emulsifiers is also possible ionic and / or nonionic to the polyisocyanates.

It is also possible to use internally ionically hydrophilized polyisocyanates, which z. B. by reacting polyisocyanates with hydroxy or amino groups having optionally neutralized acids can be obtained.

It is also possible to use polyisocyanates, which are both hydrophilic, as well as a hydrophobic modification, e.g. B. by implementation with have experienced long-chain monoalcohols.

The use of polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate is also possible mix by various of the above and other modifications have been hydrophilized.  

If necessary, the incorporation of hydrophilic polyisocyanates can also be used position of the leveling compounds according to the invention by lowering the viscosity can be optimized by adding organic diluents.

Depending on the requirement profile, both low-hydrophilized, ie with less than 5% by weight of hydrophilic groups, as well as normally hydrophilized, that means with 5 to 20 wt .-% hydrophilic groups, as well as highly hydrophilized Polyiso cyanates, that is to say with more than 20% by weight of hydrophilic groups.

Mixtures of different polyisocyanates, e.g. B., mixtures of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic polyisocyanate, or mixtures of Polyisocyanates based on various diisocyanates, such as. B. a mixture of a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate and an aliphatic polyisocyanate be used.

In a preferred embodiment, polyethers become low or normal Hydrophilized polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate or isopho Rondiisocyanate, optionally in admixture with low-viscosity, hydrophobic Polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate, or in a mixture with Nonantriisocyanate used.

The use of via allophanate formation is very particularly preferred Hydrophilized polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate if necessary in admixture with low-viscosity hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer such as B. Desmodur VP LS 2025/1 (Bayer AG) and / or low-viscosity Hexa methylene diisocyanate polyisocyanates with uretdione and / or allophanate structure units such as B. Desmodur N 3400 (Bayer AG) or Desmodur VP LS 2102 (Bayer AG).  

The use of optionally hydrophilic is also very particularly preferred modified hexamethylene diisocyanate polyisocyanates with iminooxadiazinedione structural units optionally in combination with other polyisocyanates.

Each equivalent of isocyanate-reactive groups in polymer a) and in the given if component e) used, at least 0.5 equivalents of poly Isocyanate b) used. Preferably, per equivalent of hydroxyl groups Polymer a) 0.8 to 2.0, particularly preferably 1 to 1.4 equivalents of polyisocyanate b) used. In the event that polymers without hydroxyl groups are used, at least as much polyisocyanate b) is used as if the polymer were 1% by weight, would preferably have 2 or more wt .-% hydroxyl groups.

In principle, the functionalities of the polyisocyanates can be selected as desired. Suitable are z. B. polyisocyanates with functionalities of 1.5 to 7.5, preferably 2.0 to 6.5 and particularly preferably from 2.4 to 5.5.

Suitable components c) - pigments, fillers, extenders, coloring or other additives - z. B. be:
Talc, zinc oxides, zinc phosphates, heavy spar, kaolin, silicon oxides, silicates, iron oxides, chromium oxides, titanium dioxides, other inorganic or organic color pigments, micronized talc, chalk, calcium carbonate, dolomite, calcite, aluminum hydroxide, barium sulfate, aluminum silicates, magnesium silicates, feldspar, iron mica, Glass fibers, glass balls.

The following may preferably be present as components c): a talc for good Sandability, a talc for high filling, aggregate extenders such as calcium carbonate or barium sulfate, an anti-corrosion pigment such as B. zinc phosphate / zinc oxide for metallic substrates and a coloring inorganic pigment such as B. Titanium dioxide.  

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can be passed through Professional selection of the types and amounts of talcum used with regard to liability and optimize sandability within wide limits. Dolomite, or calcite Barite gives the spatula a compact structure. B. at Fine fillers very important. Heavy spar flour (if possible with a low iron content) improve the deformability of the spatula. As color pigments preferably inorganic pigments such. B. Bayertitan rutile types, chromium oxide and / or types of Bayferrox iron oxide in small amounts, preferably less than 10 wt .-%, based on the total amount of components c) used.

Component (s) c) are the main component of the invention in terms of quantity Spatula.

The weight ratio of c) to all others is based on solids contents Components 1.3 to 20: 1, preferably 1.5 to 15: 1 and very particularly preferably 2.1 to 10: 1.

Suitable components d) - auxiliaries, additives, additives - can, for. B. be:
Defoamers, leveling agents, anti-settling agents, catalysts, deaeration aids, stabilizers to prevent / reduce degradation by UV radiation or oxidative degradation, thickeners, rheology aids, thixotropic aids, wetting aids, dispersion aids, preservatives, leveling aids, emulsifiers, anti-corrosive agents, protective colloid inhibitor, anti-floating agent, anti-skin agent.

Components d) used with preference are, for. B. anti-settling agents, thickeners agents, wetting agents, defoamers and thixotropic agents.

Optionally with components to be used e) z. B. be 100% in dissolved or in the form of optionally aqueous dispersions or emulsions present, oligomeric and / or polymeric products such. B. polyurethanes, poly  urethane polyureas, polyureas, polymers, acrylate copolymers, styrene containing polymers, polyolefin resins, polybutadiene resins, polyesters, unsaturated Polyesters, alkyd resins, polymers capable of oxidative crosslinking, allyl ethers containing products, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, melamine-aldehyde resins, Urea resins, polyepoxides, carbodiimide structures containing products, poly amines, products containing thiol groups, reactive diluents with at least two isocyanate-reactive groups such. B. liquid diols, triols, tetraols, amino alcohol hole, diamines or polyamines, especially in the form of reactivity reduced aspartic acid esters, e.g. B. obtainable by implementing primary, at least difunctional amines with maleic acid dialkyl esters, products with softening effect such as B. dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, chlorine rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ester, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, Products containing alkoxysilane structures, fluorine-containing products, blocked Substances containing isocyanate groups, phenolic resins, carboxyl-functional poly mers or oligomers, epoxy-functional polymers or oligomers, carbodiimide functional oligomers or polymers, polyamide resins, silicone resins, water glass, Polymers or oligomers based on silica esters, silica sols, silica gels.

By adding components e), if this is for certain requirements is necessary special properties of the leveling compounds according to the invention can be set such. B. high low-temperature elasticity or long-term elasticity by using special linear, aliphatic polyurethanes e.g. B. for users on highly elastic plastics, high surface smoothness and dirt pointing effect due to fluorine-containing substances, very high cross-linking density thanks to highly functional, low-molecular reactive thinners, two-phase systems or networks, wettability, optimization of wet grip or liability of the Filler on critical substrates with polybutadiene resins, special Hydrophobicity through polyolefin resins, paintability, matting behavior, rheological behavior, workability, special spatula consistency, ver working time.  

Epoxy and / or carbodiimide functional oligomers or polymers as compo nenten e) can be added to z. B. with carboxyl groups of copoly merisate component a) forming a second network next to the poly react urethane or polyurethane-polyurea network. This allows e.g. B. leveling compounds with particularly high resistance properties and very high hardness or crosslink density can be obtained.

This makes it a suitable method for producing reactive fillers characterized in that first of at least one as a dispersion or emulsion present polymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or Filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives d), added if necessary, further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emul sion present oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or Water f) a component in a suitable technical apparatus that accounts for at least 85% by weight of the leveling compound according to the invention with which a practical processing required consistency is produced, and This then right before use with the second component up to 15% by weight of the filler according to the invention, namely at least a polyisocyanate crosslinker b), homo to the filler according to the invention gene is mixed.

Another suitable method for producing reactive fillers is characterized in that at least one isocyanate-reactive Group-containing emulsion copolymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives agent d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and given up to 20% by weight based on the total solids content of organic Solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical apparatus Component containing 90.2 to 99% by weight of the filler according to the invention  with the consistency required for practical processing is produced, and then immediately before use with the second Component which makes up 9.8 to 1% by weight of the filler according to the invention, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to the invention Filler is homogeneously mixed.

Another suitable method for producing reactive fillers is characterized in that at least one isocyanate-reactive Group-containing emulsion copolymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or additives medium d), optionally further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, disper sion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers e) and optionally up to 10% by weight based on the total solids content of organic solvents and / or water f) a component in a suitable technical apparatus which 95.1 to 99 wt .-% of the leveling compound according to the invention, with which for a practical processing required consistency is produced, and this then directly before use with the second component, the 4.9 to 1 wt .-% of the filler according to the invention, namely at least one Polyisocyanate crosslinker b), homogeneous to the filler according to the invention is mixed.

Another suitable method for producing reactive fillers is characterized in that at least one isocyanate-reactive Polymer-containing groups containing a dispersion or emulsion Pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) added if necessary, additives, auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further ones if necessary, oligo present in the form of an aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion mers or polymers e) optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on the total solid substance content of organic solvent and / or water f) and at least one poly isocyanate crosslinker b) the leveling compound according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, manufactured immediately before the application of the filler  is, and this then optionally by adding water and / or orga nical solvent is adjusted to the required processing consistency.

Components a), b), c), d) and e) can in principle in any order be added or added to the production of the leveling compounds according to the invention. The optimal procedure is to be determined in the individual case and depends e.g. B. from each Requirement profile of the spatula and the reactivity of the individual raw materials.

The aqueous reactive 2-component binder combination according to the invention ions offer the possibility through suitable raw material selection, additives, filling substances, pigments and highly reactive aqueous fillers with extraordinary faster sandability, with a relatively short processing time, as well as watery Putties with a relatively long processing time and still good reactivity or grindability.

Through a suitable selection of raw materials, such as B. preferably aliphatic polyiso cyanates and suitable acrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters, it is also possible manufacture lightfast aqueous reactive fillers under the conditions no discoloration, chalking of the various applications of fillers or show signs of degradation.

With the leveling compounds according to the invention it is thus possible to practically all to meet conceivable requirement profiles for fillers, including those here have not been mentioned by way of example.

The leveling compounds according to the invention contain only small amounts of volatile organic substances. Their proportion is preferably less than 12, whole particularly preferably less than 5% by weight.  

Suitable technical apparatus for producing the aqueous according to the invention reactive fillers can e.g. B. be: kneader, mixer such. B. planets mixer or butterfly mixer, dissolver.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can, for example can be applied as a scraper, spreading spatula, pouring spatula, spray spatula.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention can be cured with 0 to 80 ° C, preferably at room temperature. A curing at higher temperatures or in particular using IR dryers or using a microwave dryer is also possible.

The aqueous reactive two-component binder combination according to the invention ions are particularly suitable in or as aqueous reactive fillers or Repair fillers z. B. for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork, for metallic substrates, vehicle bodies and / or plastics, for marble, Granite, concrete or mineral substrates.

Fillers are used for. B. to reduce the absorbency absorbent Substrates, for filling and smoothing edges and surfaces, for filling in Indentations, cavities, pores, dents, scratches and even holes.

Car repair putty enable z. B. restoring flat or smoother Surfaces for subsequent painting, usually made of primer, Filler and top coat (s) exist.

Marble spatulas enable, after filling in depressions, cavities and Pores, cutting, grinding and polishing the workpieces to smooth, high high-quality marble parts that z. B. serve as a floor, stair or window sill covering can.  

Wooden spatulas enable z. B. the filling and smoothing of imperfections, knotholes etc. in wood or wood-based materials, so that subsequently a uniform, flat, high quality painting can be done.

The aqueous reactive fillers according to the invention are notable for fast drying and curing even in thick layers and practical Processing times, due to high hardness, through good adhesion, even on critical ones Substrates, through good resistance properties, through very fast and very good grindability, due to good workability, especially deformability and a practical filler consistency, through high filling capacity, through the Possibility to formulate lightfast fillers and overall by one high variability.

Under aqueous reactive fillers are aqueous 2-component Understand fillers containing binder combinations, in addition to at least one copolymer a) at least one reactive crosslinker with free Contain isocyanate groups b), and with the formation of a polyurethane or one Abreact polyurethane-polyurea network. The bandage according to the invention medium combinations for leveling compounds or the leveling compound produced with them masses have a limited pot life or processing time. By selecting suitable raw materials in the production of a) or b) and through Selection of the type and amount, in particular of component c), but also d) and if necessary e), is an adjustment of the reactivity and the Potlifes or the Processing time to the respective requirements possible. It can save neatly reactive systems, but also systems with a longer processing time and nevertheless good reactivity can be produced.

The aqueous reactive two-component binder combination according to the invention tions or the aqueous reactive fillers produced therefrom are also suitable for use in dowel compounds and as a thick-layer filler. The aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations according to the invention  are also suitable for use in or for the production of glass fiber reinforced Plastics or glass fiber reinforced fabrics or casting compounds.  

Examples Components b) Polyisocyanate 1)

Allophanate-hydrophilized polyisocyanate 1) based on hexamethylene diisocyanate:
In a stirred vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device, 850 g of a hexamethylene diisocyanate trimerist (Desmodur N 3300, Bayer AG) are mixed with dry nitrogen, together with 0.05 g of dibutyl phosphate (stabilizer) and 0.4 g of zinc (II) - 2-ethyl-1-hexanoate (allophanatization catalyst) presented at 100 ° C. 150 g of a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (Pluriol A 500E, OH number 112 mg KOH / g, BASF AG) are then metered in within 40 minutes in such a way that the reaction temperature does not exceed 105.degree. After the polyether addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 100 ° C. for a further 2 to 3 hours until the isocyanate content of 15.9% theoretically corresponding to complete allo-phasing is reached. The catalyst is then deactivated by adding 0.1 g of benzoyl chloride and the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature. A water-dispersible, hydrophilized polyisocyanate with a viscosity of approx. 6000 mPas / 23 ° C., an isocyanate functionality of 4 and an isocyanate content of 15.9% is obtained.

Polyisocyanate 2)

Hydrophobic, low-viscosity polyisocyanate 2):
4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octane diisocyanate (nonantriisocyanate, Bayer AG), viscosity 12 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate functionality 3, isocyanate content 50.1%.

Polyisocyanate 3)

Hydrophilic polyisocyanate 3):
Hydrophilized polyisocyanate obtained by reacting an isophorone diisocyanate trimer with a polyether under urethanization conditions. 70% solution in methoxypropylacetate / xylene, viscosity 500 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate content 9.5% (Bayhydur VP LS 2150/1, Bayer AG).

Polyisocyanate 4)

Hydrophobic, low-viscosity polyisocyanate 4):
Polyisocyanate based on hexamethylene diisocyanate containing uretdione structural units. Viscosity 200 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate functionality 2.4, isocyanate content 22.0% (Desmodur N 3400, Bayer AG).

Polyisocyanate 5)

Hydrophobic polyisocyanate 5):
Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer with iminooxadizinedione structural units. Viscosity 1000 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate content 23.3% (Desmodur VP LS 2294, Bayer AG).

Polyisocyanate 6)

Hydrophilic polyisocyanate 6):
Hydrophilized polyisocyanate obtained by reacting a hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer with a polyether under urethanization conditions. Viscosity 3000 mPas / 23 ° C, isocyanate content 17.0% (Bayhydur 3100, Bayer AG).

Components a): Example 7)

(Emulsion copolymer 7):
880 g of triple-demineralized water and 9 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfate ammonium salt, Bayer AG) are weighed into a 3-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device and weighed under a light weight Nitrogen stream heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C added in 4.8 g of water. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 100 g of n-butyl acrylate, 611 g of styrene and 258 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. In parallel, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 8.8 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g Water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C. and then a solution of 14.9 g of 25% strength ammonia water in 25 g of water is added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. Emulsion copolymer 7) having a solids content of 43%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 350 mPas and a pH of 8.3 is obtained. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 2% by weight.

Example 8

(Emulsion copolymer 8):
840 g of triple-demineralized water and 9.5 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed into a 3-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device and weighed in under a gentle stream of nitrogen Heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a first monomer mixture of 19 g of acrylic acid, 287 g of n-butyl acrylate, 272 g of styrene and 22 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate are metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 500 g of the first monomer mixture are then metered in over 135 minutes. Immediately afterwards, a second monomer mixture consisting of 12 g acrylic acid, 238 g methyl methacrylate and 150 g hydroxypropyl methacrylate is metered in in 105 minutes. In parallel with the addition of the 1st and 2nd monomer mixture, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, and 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 9, 5 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water were metered in over 4 hours. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C. and then a solution of 14.9 g of 25% strength ammonia water in 25 g of water is added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. Emulsion copolymer 8) having a solids content of 43%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 1000 mPas and a pH of 7.5 is obtained. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 3% by weight.

Example 9

(Emulsion copolymer 9):
In a 3-liter reaction vessel flushed with nitrogen with a stirring, cooling and heating device, 850 g of triple-deionized water and 9.5 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed out and applied under a gentle stream of nitrogen Heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 100 g of n-butyl acrylate, 510 g of styrene and 172 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. At the same time, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 9.5 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C. and then a solution of 14.9 g of 25% strength ammonia water in 25 g of water is added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. Emulsion copolymer 9) having a solids content of 43%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 280 mPas and a pH of 8.6 is obtained. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 2% by weight.

Example 10

(Emulsion copolymer 10):
In a 3-liter reaction vessel flushed with nitrogen with a stirring, cooling and heating device, 800 g of triple-deionized water and 9.5 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed out and applied under a gentle stream of nitrogen Heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 287 g of n-butyl acrylate, 596 g of styrene and 86 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. In parallel, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 9.5 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C. and then a mixture of 10.9 g of 25% strength ammonia water in 25 g of water and 13 g of triethylamine is added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. This gives emulsion copolymer 10) with a solids content of 44%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 550 mPas and a pH of 7.6. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 1% by weight.

Example 11

(Emulsion copolymer 11):
900 g of triple-demineralized water and 9.5 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed into a 3-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device and weighed in under a gentle stream of nitrogen Heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 16 g of acrylic acid, 224 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 100 g of n-butyl methacrylate, 305 g of styrene, 200 g of methyl methacrylate and 155 g of hydroxyethyl methacrylate are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes touched. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. In parallel, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 9.5 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C., 26 g of triethylamine are added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. Emulsion copolymer 11) having a solids content of 41%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 120 mPas and a pH of 8.6 is obtained. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 1% by weight.

Example 12

(Emulsion copolymer 12):
984 g of triple-demineralized water and 8.8 g of an emulsifier with ionic and non-ionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed into a 3-liter reaction vessel with a stirring, cooling and heating device and weighed in under a gentle stream of nitrogen Heated to 75 ° C. Then 0.39 g of ammonium peroxodisulfate dissolved in 5 g of water are added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 287 g of n-butyl acrylate, 510 g of styrene and 172 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. At the same time, 2.94 g of ammonium peroxodisulfate and 8.8 g of emulsifier 951 dissolved in 233 g of water are metered in. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 45 ° C. and then a solution of 12.7 g of 25% ammonia water and 6.7 g of dimethylethanolamine in 25 g of water is added and the mixture is homogenized. After cooling to 40 ° C, the mixture is filtered. This gives emulsion copolymer 12) having a solids content of 44%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 150 mPas and a pH of 7.6. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 2% by weight.

Comparative Example 13

(Copolymer 13)
Example 6 from EP 358 979 was reproduced. A very finely divided aqueous secondary dispersion or aqueous polymer solution having a solids content of 27%, a viscosity of 6000 mPas and a pH of 7.1 is obtained. The proportion of hydroxy-functional monomers is 30.6% by weight, the proportion of carboxy-functional monomers which are present in neutralized form is 10% by weight. The hydroxyl group content is 4.1% by weight.

Example 14

(Emulsion copolymer 14)
In a 3-liter reaction vessel flushed with nitrogen with a stirring, cooling and heating device, 880 g of triple-demineralized water and 9 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed in and under a gentle stream of nitrogen to 75 ° C warmed. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 327 g of n-butyl acrylate and 642 g of styrene are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. At the same time, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron (II) sulfate / Trilon B solution in 232 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 8.8 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 40 ° C. and filtered. This gives emulsion copolymer 14) with a solids content of 43%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 90 mPas and a pH of 7.4.

Example 15

(Emulsion copolymer 15)
In a nitrogen-purged 3-liter reaction vessel with stirring, cooling and heating device, 880 g of triple-deionized water and 9 g of an emulsifier with ionic and nonionic groups (emulsifier 951, Bayer AG) are weighed out and under a gentle stream of nitrogen to 75 ° C warmed. Then 0.35 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.88 g of a solution of 0.1 g of iron (II) sulfate and 2.0 g of Trilon B in 100 g of water and a solution of 0.22 g of Rongalit C in 4.8 g of water added. 100 g of a monomer mixture of 31 g of acrylic acid, 287 g of n-butyl acrylate, 172 g of hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 100 g of methyl methacrylate and 410 g of styrene are then metered in in 5 minutes and the reaction mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes. The remaining 900 g of the monomer mixture are then metered in over 4 hours. In parallel, 2.64 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 6.8 g of the iron-II-sulfate / Trilon B solution in 242 g of water, as well as 2.0 g of Rongalit C and 8.8 g of emulsifier 951 in 232 g of water added. After the addition has ended, the mixture is stirred at 75 ° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 40 ° C. and filtered. This gives emulsion copolymer 15) with a solids content of 432%, a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 70 mPas and a pH of 7.8. The hydroxyl group content of the solid is 2% by weight.

Comparative Example 16

(Polymer 16)
Example 1 from EP 841 352 was reproduced. A finely divided aqueous polyacrylate secondary dispersion having a solids content of 37%, a viscosity of 1400 mPas and a pH of 7.5 is obtained. The proportion of hydroxy-functional monomers is 32.6% by weight, the proportion of carboxy-functional monomers which are approximately 50% in neutralized form is 5.3% by weight. The hydroxyl group content is 4.0% by weight.

Comparative Example 17

(Polymer 17)
Polyester-polyacrylate secondary dispersion (Bayhydrol VP LS 2290, Bayer AG) produced according to EP 543 228 with a solids content of 44%, a viscosity of 1500 mPas and a pH of 8.0. The hydroxyl group content is 4.0% by weight.

Comparative Example 18

(Polymer 18)
A polymer secondary dispersion according to Example 1 from EP 170 184 was made after. A finely divided aqueous secondary dispersion having a solids content of 31% and a viscosity of 1200 mPas is obtained.

Example of use A)

A spatula made from 100 g of emulsion copolymer is placed in a laboratory dissolver 7), 10 g of a water / butyl glycol = 1: 1 mixture, 10 g Finntalk M 40 (talc for good grindability, Finnminerals, Finland), 75 g Westmin D 100 (talc for high Filling, Westmin Minerals, Australia), 1.3 g Foamaster TCX (defoamer, Henkel, Germany), 50 g Mikhart 10 (calcium carbonate, aggregate extender, Provenciale, France), 10 g zinc phosphate ZP10 (anti-corrosion pigment, Heubach, Germany) and an additional 25 g Finntalk as an additional, variable Additional quantity to adjust the filler consistency.

100 g of this first component are mixed in a laboratory stirrer with 6 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed.

The aqueous reactive filler 19) according to the invention thus produced is used for Room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm on unsanded body sheets pulled up.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency ¹ : good
• - Distortion ² : good
• - grindability ³ :
  after 30 minutes 2a
  after 45 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion ⁴ : very good (after 45 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness ⁵ :
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 26 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 114 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 143 "
• - Drying time ⁶ : 70 minutes
• - Potlife ⁷ : <8 hours
• - Processing time ⁸ : 12 minutes

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention shows outstanding properties throughout. See combines good workability with fast drying and very quick good sandability, very fast adhesion is achieved, hardness and pot life also meet high requirements.

¹ The assessment of the filler consistency is based on the following qualitative grading: Good <satisfactory <thick or thin <too thick or too thin.
² Assessment of deformability is based on the following qualitative gradation:
Well warped <still well warped <difficult to warp <not warped.
³ The grindability is assessed as follows:
The grindability itself is rated from very good = 0 to very poor = 5, with intermediate grades good = 1, still good = 2, moderate = 3, bad = 4.

The time until the desired grindability is reached is also very important, the shorter the time required, so much the better. Achieving good grindability within One hour at room temperature curing is very good evaluate. Fillers that are applied at room temperature for more than three hours Achieving good grindability are generally considered unsuitable too judge.

In addition, the clogging of the sanding paper during the sanding is assessed, where a = does not clog (best rating), b = clogs up a little and c = clogs up (worst rating).

⁴ Liability is assessed based on the length of time until good liability is reached:
Liability within 20189 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285912007800040 0002019858817 00004 20070 within 2 hours: very good
Liability within 6 hours: good
Liability within 24 hours: still acceptable
It takes more than 24 hours to achieve good adhesion, or none at all
Liability: Bad
⁵ The pendulum hardness (DIN 53157) is carried out on films (250 μm wet) of the binder combination of component a) and component b) after addition of 10% by weight of butyl glycol and defoamer in order to obtain comparable values without the influence of component c). Pendulum hardnesses of <100 "after drying for 24 hours at room temperature can be described as very good.
⁶ The drying time is measured on the films according to the pendulum hardness determination, however with a wet film thickness of 500 µm. The time is specified until an examination with a finger no longer shows any prints (finger drying). The faster the drying, the better the suitability for fillers.
⁷ Potlife was the period of time until a reactive aqueous 2-component binder combination of polymer a) and polyisocyanate b) shows recognizable changes, such as. B. significant viscosity increase, lump formation, precipitation or crosslinking.
⁸ The processing time is the period in which the aqueous reactive filler can be safely processed and leads to reproducible results. The actual processing time is often longer, but this time can be subject to fluctuations. B. skin formation or changes in the application properties such. B. a less good warping, or changes in the final properties of the applied filler, such as a slightly longer time to achieve good adhesion. Despite these beginning changes, it is often still possible to obtain hardened fillers with good final properties after application and hardening.

Example of use B)

The same amount of the first component (identical preparation with emulsion copolymer 7), with the only difference that the variable Additional amount of Finntalk M 40 was reduced from 30 g to 20 g) from the application Example A) is homogeneously mixed in a laboratory stirrer with 1.5 g of polyisocyanate 2) and applied as a spatula as described above.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 0-1a
  after 45 minutes 0-1a
  after 60 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 45 minutes)
• - Storage stability test: assessment of the filler consistency of the first component when stored at room temperature
  after 10 days: all right
  after 20 days: all right
  after 30 days: all right
  after 60 days: all right
  after 90 days: all right

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention also shows good Processability, very quick sandability and adhesion.  

Example of use C)

The first component of the filler is made according to application example A) with the difference that the copolymer is an emulsion copolymer 8) and the variable additional amount Finntalk M 40 15 g was reduced) 100 g of this first component thus obtained is in the laboratory stirrer homogeneously mixed with 4.2 g of polyisocyanate 1) and as described above as Spatula applied.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 0-1a
  after 45 minutes 0-1a
  after 60 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 45 minutes)
• - Storage stability test: assessment of the filler consistency of the first component
  when stored at room temperature
  after 10 days: all right
  after 20 days: all right
  after 30 days: all right
  after 60 days: all right
  after 90 days: all right

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention also shows good Processability, very quick sandability and adhesion.

Example of use D)

The first component of the filler is made according to application example A) with the difference that the copolymer is an emulsion copolymer 9) is set, and Finntalk M 40 45 g is added as a variable additional amount. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are mixed with 3.87 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed and applied as a spatula as described above.  

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: still easy to deform
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 0-1a
  after 45 minutes 0a
• - Liability: good
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 51 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 96 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 110 "
• - Drying time: 60 minutes
• - Potlife: <4 hours
• - Processing time: 5 minutes

The leveling compound according to the invention is particularly convincing due to its fast Drying and drying, rapid hardness development and good sandability.

Example of use E)

The first component of the filler is made according to application example A) with the difference that the copolymer is an emulsion copolymer 10) is set, and Finntalk M 40 20 g are added as a variable additional amount. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are mixed with 4.27 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed and applied as a spatula as described above.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Movability: easy to move
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 45 minutes 0a
• - Liability: good
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 13 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 47 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 116 "
• - Drying time: 70 minutes
• - Potlife: <4 hours
• - Processing time: 12 minutes

This leveling compound according to the invention is particularly convincing with a special one Drying behavior. It is easy to process and can be used for a relatively long time span after being pulled open (approx. 30 minutes), it dries again this delayed drying extremely quickly.

Example of use F)

The first component of the filler is made according to application example A) with the difference that the copolymer is an emulsion copolymer 11) is set. 100 g of this first component thus obtained are 4.27 g Polyisocyanate 1) mixed homogeneously and as a spatula as described above applied.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Movability: easy to move
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 5
  after 45 minutes 3a
  after 60 minutes 1a
  after 75 minutes 0a
• - Drying time: 80 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 10 minutes

This filler according to the invention is particularly convincing due to its good processing availability and high elasticity.  

Comparative Example G)

The first component of the leveling compound is prepared according to application example A), with the difference that an equivalent amount of copolymer 16) is used as the copolymer, and Finntalk M 40 25 g is added as a variable additional amount. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are homogeneously mixed with 8.8 g of poly isocyanate 1) and applied as a spatula as described above. The following test results were determined:

• - Filler consistency: thick, strongly thickened after 1 day
• - Distortion: difficult to deform
• - grindability:
  after 60 minutes 5
  after 120 minutes 5
  after 180 minutes 5
  after 240 minutes 5
  after 300 minutes 5
  after 24 hours 2a-b, soft
• - Drying time: 120 minutes

This filler dries slowly and is even after 24 hours of drying not yet grindable to the required extent. It also shows a very limited stability and less good workability.

Comparative Example H)

The first component of the filler is applied according to application example A) prepared, with the difference that an equivalent amount of Co polymer 17) is used, and as a variable additional amount Finntalk M 40 25 g will give. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are 8.8 g Polyisocyanate 1) mixed homogeneously and as a spatula as described above applied.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: thin
• - Distortion: still easy to deform  
• - grindability:
  after 60 minutes 5
  after 120 minutes 5
  after 180 minutes 5
  after 240 minutes 5
  after 300 minutes 5
  after 24 hours 2a-b, soft
• - Drying time: 150 minutes

This filler dries slowly and is even after 24 hours of drying not yet grindable to the required extent. It also shows one overall less good workability.

Comparative Example I)

The first component of the filler is prepared according to application example A), with the difference that an equivalent amount of polymer 18) is used as the copolymer, and Finntalk M 40 25 g is added as a variable additional amount. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are homogeneously mixed with 8.8 g of polyiso cyanate 1) and applied as a spatula as described above. The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: thin
• - Distortion: still easy to deform
• - grindability:
  after 60 minutes 5
  after 120 minutes 5
  after 180 minutes 5
  after 240 minutes 4c
  after 300 minutes 4a
  after 24 hours 2, a bit soft
• - Drying time: 150 minutes

This filler dries slowly and is even after 24 hours of drying not yet grindable to the required extent. It also shows a less good one Processability.

The same experiment was repeated, but without polyisocyanate 1), but under Add 0.1% of a 10% cobalt desiccant solution to accelerate the oxidative drying.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: too thin
• - Distortion: difficult to deform
• - grindability:
  after 60 minutes 5
  after 120 minutes 5
  after 180 minutes 5
  after 240 minutes 3c
  after 300 minutes 1a
  after 24 hours 0a, somewhat soft, good adhesion
• - Drying time: 120 minutes

This leveling compound dries faster now, the sandability is also something Reached faster, but is still much worse than that of the inventors products according to the invention. In addition, the processability is poor overall. Polymer 18) is not the only binder for high-quality fillers suitable, but it can also be used in minor quantities To improve adhesion properties.

Example of use J)

In a laboratory dissolver, filler is made from 100 g Emulsion copolymer 15).

The aqueous extraordinarily reactive putty according to the invention thus produced mass J) 10 g of a water / butyl glycol = 1: 1 mixture, 100 g Finntalk M 40,  150 g heavy spar EWO (Sacht-leben, Germany), 1.3 g Foamaster TCX, 50 g Mikhart 10, 10 g titanium dioxide (Bayertitan R-KB-2, Bayer, Germany), 1.5 g Aerosil 200 (Degussa, Germany) and 20 g zinc phosphate ZCP (corrosion protection pigment, Heubach, Germany).

100 g of this first component are mixed in the laboratory stirrer with 3.3 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed, at room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm unpolished body panels.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - Sandability: after 30 minutes 0a
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 23 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 94 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 123 "
• - Drying time: 20 minutes
• - Processing time: 6 minutes

The aqueous filler according to the invention is not included in this formulation neatly reactive, it shows very quick drying, very quick sandability, high hardness and good workability.

Application example K)

Application example J) is repeated, but emulsion polymer 7) is used and of polyisocyanate 1) 3.3 g and of polyisocyanate 3) 2.1 g be used.

The aqueous extraordinarily reactive putty according to the invention thus produced mass K) is applied at room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm ground body panels mounted.  

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - Sandability: after 20 minutes 0a
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 24 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 103 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 138 "
• - Drying time: 15 minutes
• - Processing time: 4 minutes

The aqueous filler according to the invention is not included in this formulation neatly reactive, it shows very quick drying, very quick sandability, high hardness and good workability.

Comparative Example L)

According to application example J) a filler is produced, although the addition of the polyisocyanate crosslinker is dispensed with.

The aqueous filler L) thus produced is at room temperature in a Layer thickness of approx. 1 mm applied to unpolished body panels.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - Sandability: not determinable, because the filler will change after approx. 50 minutes detached from the sheet.
• - Processing time: 20 minutes

The aqueous filler is without the addition of a polyisocyanate crosslinker unusable.  

Example of use M)

Application example J) is repeated, but emulsion polymer 7) is used and 3.5 g of polyisocyanate 4) are used.

The aqueous extraordinarily reactive putty according to the invention thus produced mass is applied at room temperature in a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm ground body panels mounted.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 1a
  after 45 minutes 0a
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 26 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 33 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 48 "
• - Drying time: 20 minutes
• - Processing time: 4 minutes

The aqueous filler according to the invention is not included in this formulation neatly reactive, it shows very quick drying, quick sandability, good Processability. In this formulation, it offers the possibility of very good grinding bare fillers, which nevertheless have a relatively low hardness and a very good one Have elasticity, which, for. B. for the filling of plastics can.

Example of use N)

The first component of the filler is applied according to application example A) prepared, with the difference that as a copolymer emulsion copolymer 12) is set. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are mixed with 4.3 g  Polyisocyanate 6) mixed homogeneously and as a spatula as described above applied.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Movability: easy to move
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 4a
  after 45 minutes 2a
  after 60 minutes 0a
• - Liability: very good
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 15 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 49 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 115 "
• - Drying time: 60 minutes
• - Potlife: <8 hours
• - Processing time: 8 minutes

This filler according to the invention convinces with good processability and high hardness.

By using the polyisocyanate 6) the good sandability is not quite so Reached quickly, but is still very good.

Comparative Example O)

The first component of a filler is applied according to application example A) prepared, with the difference that the copolymer from comparison as a copolymer example 13) is used.

It is not possible in this way to create a stable first component of a filler received, it takes place immediately when mixing or when producing the first compo  very strong thickening. Mixing with a polyisocyanate compo nente or application as a filler is no longer possible.

Example of use P)

The first component of the filler is applied according to application example A) prepared, with the difference that as a copolymer emulsion copolymer 14) is set, and Finntalk M 40 40 g are added as a variable additional amount. 100 g of the first component thus obtained are mixed with 3.93 g of polyisocyanate 1) homogeneously mixed and applied as a spatula as described above.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Movability: easy to move
• - scalability:
  after 30 minutes 3a
  after 45 minutes 2a
  after 60 minutes 0-1a
  after 75 minutes 0a
• - Adhesion: very good (after 60 minutes)
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 27 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 47 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 79 "
• - Drying time: 60 minutes
• - Processing time: 4 minutes
• - Potlife: <6 hours

The leveling compound according to the invention convinces with very good processability and adhesion, as well as good grindability.

Example of use Q)

The first component of the filler is under according to application example A) Use of emulsion copolymer 7). 100 g of this so obtained The first component is in a laboratory stirrer with a mixture of 43.1 g of polyiso  cyanate 1) and 2.1 g of polyisocyanate 5) mixed homogeneously and as described above applied as a spatula.

The following test results were determined:

• - filler consistency: good
• - Distortion: good
• - grindability:
  after 30 minutes 3a
  after 45 minutes 2a
  after 60 minutes 0a
• - Liability: good
• - Pendulum hardness:
  after 4 hours room temperature drying: 36 "
  after 24 hours room temperature drying: 128 "
  after drying for 2 hours at 80 ° C: 155 "
• - Drying time: 45 minutes
• - Processing time: 8 minutes

The aqueous reactive filler according to the invention shows good workability, quick sandability, good adhesion and very fast hardness development as well an exceptionally high final hardness.

Claims (104)

1. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers consisting of a) at least one present in aqueous dispersion or emulsion Copolymer and b) at least one polyiso containing free isocyanate groups cyanate. 2. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claim 1) consisting of a) at least one in aqueous dispersion and / or emulsion lying copolymer consisting of a1) 35 to 95% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers, a3) 0 to 50% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 0 to 6% by weight of acid-functional monomers, which give if necessary, be present in part or entirely in neutralized form can, a5) 0 to 25% by weight of other monomers and b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a radio tionality from 1, 5 to 7, 5, the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) Is 100. 3. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claim 1) consisting of a) at least one aqueous emulsion copolymer with one mole Specular weight <50000 g / mol, consisting of a1) 40 to 90% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers,   a3) 0 to 40% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 0.5 to 5 wt .-% acid-functional monomers, which ge if necessary, partially or completely in neutralized form can lie a5) 0 to 15% by weight of other monomers and b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a radio tionality from 2 to 6, the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) 100 is. 4. Aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 3), consisting of a) at least one emul containing isocyanate-reactive groups sionscopolymerisat consisting of a1) 50 to 85% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 5 to 30% by weight of plasticizing monomers, a3) 2 to 30% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 1 to 4 wt .-% carboxyl- and / or carboxylate-functional Monomers and b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 10000 mPas / 23 ° C and a radio tionality from 2.4 to 5.5, the sum of the% numbers a1) to a5) Is 100. 5. Aqueous reactive fillers consisting of a) at least one present in aqueous dispersion or emulsion Copolymer, b) at least one polyisocyanate containing free isocyanate groups with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and a function nationality from 1.5 to 7.5,   c) at least one pigment and / or filler, d) auxiliaries and additives, if appropriate, e) optionally further in the form of aqueous solution, dispersion or Emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) optionally water and / or organic solvent,
wherein the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) is 1: 1.3 to 1:20. 6. Aqueous reactive filler according to claim 5) consisting of a) 10 to 50% by weight of at least one emulsion copolymer, b) 1 to 15 wt .-% contain at least one, free isocyanate groups the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and functionality from 2 to 6, c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler, d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives, e) 0 to 50% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,
the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c) ) Is 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 7. Aqueous reactive fillers according to claim 5) consisting of a) 10 to 50% by weight of at least one emulsion copolymer containing polymerized   a1) 35 to 95% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers, a3) 0 to 50% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 0 to 6% by weight of acid-functional monomers, which give if necessary, be present in part or entirely in neutralized form can, a5) 0 to 25% by weight of other monomers and b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and functionality from 2 to 6, c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler, d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives, e) 0 to 50% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,
the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c) ) Is 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 8. Aqueous reactive fillers according to claim 5) consisting of a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one emulsion copolymer of Molecular weight <25000 g / mol, containing copolymerized a1) 40 to 90% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 0 to 50% by weight of plasticizing monomers, a3) 0 to 40% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 0.5 to 5 wt .-% carboxyl- and / or carboxylate-functional Monomers,   a5) 0 to 15% by weight of other monomers and b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C and functionality from 2 to 6, c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler, d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives, e) 0 to 50% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,
the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 9. Aqueous reactive filler according to claim 5) consisting of a) 10 to 50 wt .-% of at least one isocyanate-reactive groups containing emulsion copolymer of molecular weight <50,000 g / mol, copolymerized containing a1) 50 to 85% by weight of hardening monomers, a2) 5 to 30% by weight of plasticizing monomers, a3) 2 to 30% by weight of hydroxy-functional monomers, a4) 1 to 4% by weight of carboxyl- and / or carboxylate-functional Monomers and b) 1 to 9.8% by weight of at least one, free isocyanate groups the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 mPas / 23 ° C. and functionality from 2 to 6, c) 40 to 90% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler, d) 0 to 3% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives,   e) 0 to 50% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) 0 to 20% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,
the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 1.5 to 1:15. 10. Aqueous reactive filler according to claim 5) consisting of a) 22 to 38% by weight of at least one isocyanate-reactive groups holding emulsion copolymer of molecular weight <50,000 g / mol, b) 1 to 7.5 wt .-% contain at least one, free isocyanate groups the polyisocyanate with a viscosity of 10 to 10000 mPas / 23 ° C. and a functionality from 2.4 to 5.5, c) 53 to 75% by weight of at least one pigment and / or filler, d) 0 to 2% by weight of auxiliaries, additives and / or additives, e) 0 to 20% by weight of further, optionally in the form of an aqueous solution, Dispersion or emulsion present oligomers or polymers and f) 0 to 10% by weight of water and / or organic solvents,
the sum of a) to f) being 100% by weight and the weight ratio of resin (solid from component a), from component b) and optionally from component e)) to pigment / filler (solid from component c)) 1: 2, 1 to 1:10. 11. Aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized  is characterized in that an emulsion copolymer is contained as polymer a) at least 40% by weight based on the total solids content of the polymer a) Contains styrene as copolymerized monomer a1). 12. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), thereby characterized in that an emulsion copolymer is present as polymer a), consisting of polymerized a1) 50 to 85 wt .-% styrene, methyl methacrylate and / or butyl methacrylate, at least 40% by weight of styrene being contained, a2) 5 to 30% by weight of n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, a3) 2 to 30 wt .-% hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl meth acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and or hydroxyethyl acrylate a4) 1 to 4% by weight of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid,
where quantities up to 1.5% by weight a4) are at least 50% in neutralized form,
1.0 to 2.0% by weight based on the total amount of monomers of emulsifier or emulsifier mixtures and 0.15 to 0.45% by weight based on the total amount of monomers of initiator or initiator mixtures are used, the solids content being 30 to 55%, the viscosity 10 to 5000 mPas / 23 ° C, the acid number 5 to 30 mg KOH / g based on 100% solids content, the hydroxyl group content 0.2 to 3.5 wt .-% based on 100% solids content, and the pH is 5.5 to 9 and the sum of the% numbers a1) to a4) is 100. 13. Aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), thereby  characterized in that low-viscosity hydrophobic polyisocyanates based Hexamethylene diisocyanate with isocyanurate, uretdione, allophanate and / or Urethane structural units and / or by reaction with hydrophilic Polyethers hydrophilically modified polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate as polyisocyanate b) are included. 14. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized records that by reacting hydrophilic polyethers with aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates using suitable Allophanate-hydrophilized polyisocyanates b) ent are holding. 15. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized records that as polyisocyanate b) a hexamethylene diisocyanate polyiso cyanate with iminooxadiazinedione structural units is contained. 16. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reak active fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized records that nonantriisocyanate is contained as polyisocyanate b). 17. Aqueous reactive filler according to claims 5) to 10), thereby characterized in that component c) to a maximum of 10 wt .-% based on Total amount of c) consists of inorganic coloring pigments. 18. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous  reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized indicates that the emulsion copolymer has a core-shell structure, the proportion of the core is 20 to 80 wt .-%, and the isocyanate-reactive Monomers and / or the plasticizing monomers in the core or shell are contained in different quantities, the quantity differences of these monomers in the core and shell are at least 100%. 19. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized records that as component e) epoxy and / or carbodiimide functional Oligomers or polymers are included. 20. A process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers, thereby characterized in that first of all at least one as a dispersion or Emulsion present polymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or Additive d), optionally further, optionally in the form of aqueous Solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or polymers present e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total solids organic solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical Apparatus a component that is at least 85 wt .-% of the Invention appropriate leveling compound with which for a practice-oriented processing The required consistency is produced, and then this directly before application with the second component, which is up to 15% by weight of the makes up filler according to the invention, namely at least one Polyisocyanate crosslinker b) to the aqueous reactive according to the invention Filler is homogeneously mixed. 21. A process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers, thereby characterized in that first of at least one isocyanate-reactive  Group-containing emulsion copolymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, Auxiliaries or additives d), optionally further, optionally in the form aqueous solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or Polymers e) and optionally up to 20 wt .-% based on total solid substance content of organic solvent and / or water f) in a suitable technical apparatus a component that 90.2 to 99 wt .-% of the inventions filler according to the invention, with the for a practical Processing required consistency is produced, and then this just before using the second component, which is 9.8 to 1% by weight of the filler according to the invention, namely at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker b), to that of the invention aqueous reactive filler is homogeneously mixed. 22. A process for the preparation of aqueous reactive fillers, thereby characterized in that first of all at least one as a dispersion or Emulsion present polymer a) with pigment or pigment mixtures, Fillers or filler mixtures c) optionally additives, auxiliaries or Additive d), optionally further, optionally in the form of aqueous Solution, dispersion or emulsion of oligomers or polymers present e) optionally up to 10 wt .-% based on total solids organic solvent and / or water f) and at least one polyiso cyanate crosslinker b) the filler according to the invention in a suitable technical apparatus, immediately before the application of the aqueous reactive Filler, is produced, and then optionally by adding of water and / or organic solvent to the required processing tion consistency is set. 23. Aqueous reactive 2-component binder combinations for aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 1) to 4) and aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 10), characterized  records that by using lightfast components a) and b) under lightfast to the usual conditions of use for leveling compounds, Harden discolouration and degradable fillers. 24. Aqueous reactive fillers according to claims 5) to 9), thereby characterized that less than 5 wt .-% volatile organic substances are included. 25. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for wood, wood-like substrates and / or cork. 26. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for metallic surfaces, vehicle bodies and / or plastics. 27. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or as an aqueous reactive filler for marble, granite or mineral substrates. 28. Use of aqueous reactive two-component binder combinations according to claims 1) to 4) in or for the production of glasfaserver reinforced plastics, glass fiber reinforced fabrics or casting resins.