DE19944441A1 - Process for the production of a synthetic leather - Google Patents
Process for the production of a synthetic leatherInfo
- Publication number
- DE19944441A1 DE19944441A1 DE19944441A DE19944441A DE19944441A1 DE 19944441 A1 DE19944441 A1 DE 19944441A1 DE 19944441 A DE19944441 A DE 19944441A DE 19944441 A DE19944441 A DE 19944441A DE 19944441 A1 DE19944441 A1 DE 19944441A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- hot water
- nonwoven fabric
- soluble fibers
- dtex
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940006076 viscoelastic substance Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000022 bacteriostatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000659 thermocoagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43832—Composite fibres side-by-side
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
- D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/4383—Composite fibres sea-island
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
- D06N3/0052—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by leaching out of a compound, e.g. water soluble salts, fibres or fillers; obtained by freezing or sublimation; obtained by eliminating drops of sublimable fluid
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines synthetischen Leders aus einem mikrofaserhaltigen Vliesstoff.The invention relates to a method for producing a synthetic leather made of a microfiber-containing nonwoven.
Synthetische Leder auf Vliesstoffbasis sind heute faßt ausschließlich aus Mi krofasern aufgebaut. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß homogene Mikrofasern als sol che auf Karden nicht oder nur in wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbaren, extrem niedri gen Fertigungsgeschwindigkeiten verarbeitet werden können. Daher werden vorzugsweise Mehrkomponenten-Fasern wie Matrix-Fibrillen-Fasern bzw. In seln-im-Meer-Fasern (island-in-sea type) oder solche mit anderer Verteilung der vorzugsweise Zweifaserkomponenten und mit einem Fasertiter verwendet, die sich ohne Geschwindigkeitseinbußen kardieren lassen. Die Querschnitte solcher Fasern weisen beispielsweise eine Orangenstruktur oder eine Kuchen- bzw. Hohlkuchenstruktur auf. Solche Mehrkomponenten-Fasern (conjugate fi bers, multiconstituent fibers) können aus mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise je doch bis ca. 18 Segmenten bestehen. Die einzelnen Fasersegmente der übli cherweise zwei Polymeren wechseln einander ab, so daß nach jedem Segment sich Fasergrenzflächen, wie z. B. Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyamid 6 ausbil den. Die Trennung dieser Mehrkomponenten-Fasern zu isolierten, ultrafeinen Mikrofasern geschieht mit unterschiedlichen Methoden. Eine der beiden Faser komponenten wird beispielsweise mit organischen Lösungsmitteln herausge löst, so daß die andere in dem organischen Lösungsmittel unlösliche Faser komponente als Mikrofaser zurückbleibt. Diese Methode ist aufwendig, wenig umweltverträglich und mit einem hohen Materialverlust sowie dem Anfall von polymerhaltigen Lösungsmittel verbunden, wobei die Aufarbeitung des ge brauchten Lösungsmittels entweder durch Lösungsmittelrückgewinnung oder durch energetische Nutzung erfolgt.Synthetic leather based on nonwovens are now made exclusively from Mi. made of fiber. It has been shown that homogeneous microfibers as sol not on cards or only in economically unacceptable, extremely low can be processed at production speeds. Therefore preferably multi-component fibers such as matrix fibril fibers or In seln-in-sea fibers (island-in-sea type) or those with a different distribution preferably using two-fiber components and with a fiber titer, that can be carded without loss of speed. The cross sections such fibers have, for example, an orange structure or a cake or hollow cake structure. Such multi-component fibers (conjugate fi bers, multiconstituent fibers) can consist of at least two, preferably each but exist up to approx. 18 segments. The individual fiber segments of the übli Usually two polymers alternate so that after each segment fiber interfaces such. B. Polyethylene terephthalate / polyamide 6 the. The separation of these multi-component fibers into isolated, ultra-fine Microfibers are made using different methods. One of the two fibers Components are removed with organic solvents, for example dissolves so that the other fiber is insoluble in the organic solvent component remains as microfiber. This method is complex, little environmentally friendly and with a high loss of material and the occurrence of polymer-containing solvent connected, the workup of the ge needed solvent either by solvent recovery or through energetic use.
Eine umweltfreundliche und heute bevorzugte Trennung der Bikomponentenfa sern erfolgt durch die Splittung der Fasern mit Hilfe von Hochdruckwasserstrahlen. Die Bikomponenten-Splittfasern sind entweder aus chemisch stark unterschiedlichen Thermoplasten aufgebaut, die keine hohen Adhäsionskräfte zueinander an ihren Grenzflächen besitzen oder die bei che misch ähnlichen Faserpolymeren wie beispielsweise Polyolefinen mit dehäsi ven, d. h. die Haftungskräfte herabsetzenden Additiven versetzt sind. Aus dem Dokument JP 05078986 ist ein Syntheseleder mit weichem Griff bekannt, das zumindest auf einer Seite eine Vliesstoffschicht aus schmelzgeblasenem Po lyethylenterephthalat-Mikrofasern mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 6,0 µm enthält. Die Weichheit wird dadurch erzielt, daß der Vliesstoff vor dem Imprä gnieren mit Polyurethan aus organischen Lösungsmitteln wie Dimethylformamid mit einer Schlichte aus kaltwasserlöslichem Polyvinylalkohol überzogen wird. Nach der Imprägnierung und Koagulation der Polyurethan- Lösung mit Wasser (sogenannte Migrationsmethode) und den anschließenden Waschgängen zum Zwecke der Entfernung des organischen Lösungsmittels wird gleichzeitig der Polyvinylalkohol aus dem Vliesstoff wieder entfernt. Die Nachbehandlung des erhaltenen Syntheseleders erfolgt in bekannter Weise durch Anschleifen, Färben und Bürsten. Dokument US-A 4390566 beschreibt die Herstellung eines Syntheseleders, bei dem u. a. Splitt-Mikrofasern eingesetzt werden. Der Mikrofaservliesstoff wird vor der Bindemittelapplikation mit einer als temporären Füllstoff bezeichneten, wasserlöslichen Schlichtelösung imprägniert, die nach dem Verfestigen der Bindemittelapplikation wieder ausgewaschen wird. Als temporäre wasserlösliche Füllstoffe werden Polyvinylalkohol (PVA), Poly-ε-caprolacton, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) oder Stärke eingesetzt.An environmentally friendly and preferred separation of the bicomponent fa is done by splitting the fibers with the help of High pressure water jets. The bicomponent split fibers are either made chemically very different thermoplastics that are not high Adhesive forces to each other at their interfaces or those at che mix-like fiber polymers such as polyolefins with dehäsi ven, d. H. the additives reducing the adhesive forces are offset. From the Document JP 05078986 discloses a soft touch synthetic leather which at least on one side a nonwoven layer of meltblown Po polyethylene terephthalate microfibers with a diameter of 0.1 to 6.0 µm contains. The softness is achieved in that the nonwoven fabric before the impr gnieren with polyurethane from organic solvents such as Dimethylformamide with a size made from cold water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol is covered. After impregnation and coagulation of the polyurethane Solution with water (so-called migration method) and the subsequent ones Washes for the purpose of removing the organic solvent the polyvinyl alcohol is removed from the nonwoven fabric at the same time. The Aftertreatment of the synthetic leather obtained is carried out in a known manner by sanding, dyeing and brushing. Document US-A 4390566 describes the production of a synthetic leather, in which u. a. Split microfibers be used. The microfiber nonwoven is made before the binder application with a water-soluble called temporary filler Impregnated sizing solution after solidifying the Binder application is washed out again. As a temporary water-soluble fillers are polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly-ε-caprolactone, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or starch is used.
Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren anzugeben, welches die Herstellung eines sehr weichen, in seinen Eigenschaften verbesserten Syntheseleders gestattet. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Herstellung kostengünstiger und umweltfreundlicher zu gestalten.The object of the invention is to provide a method which the production of a very soft, improved in its properties Syntheseleders allowed. Another object of the invention is to make the production more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gelöst, bei dem thermoplastische Mikrofasern mit einem Titer von 0,05 bis 1,0 dtex und heißwasserlösliche Fasern mit einem Titer von 4 bis 6 dtex in einem Gewichts- Verhältnis von 90 : 10 bis 30 : 70 zu einem Vliesstoff mit einem Flächengewicht von 80 bis 1000 g/m2 verarbeitet werden und eine wäßrige Polymer-Dispersion einer viskoelastischen Substanz im Gewichts-Verhältnis 25 : 75 bis 75 : 25 von Vliesstoff zur viskoelastischen Substanz appliziert und verfestigt wird, wobei anschließend eine Extraktion der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern erfolgt.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method in which thermoplastic microfibers with a titer of 0.05 to 1.0 dtex and hot water-soluble fibers with a titer of 4 to 6 dtex in a weight ratio of 90: 10 to 30: 70 to a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 80 to 1000 g / m 2 are processed and an aqueous polymer dispersion of a viscoelastic substance in the weight ratio 25: 75 to 75: 25 of nonwoven fabric to the viscoelastic substance is applied and solidified, with an extraction of the hot water soluble fibers.
Vorzugsweise ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eines, bei dem der Titer der thermoplastischen Mikrofasern 0,1 bis 0,3 dtex, das Gewichts-Verhältnis der Mikrofasern zu den heißwasserlöslichen Fasern 70 : 30 bis 50 : 50 Gew.-%, das Flächengewicht des Vliesstoffes 100 bis 500 g/m2 und das Verhältnis des Vliesstoffes zur viskoelastischen Substanz vor der Entfernung der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern 35 : 65 bis 65 : 35 Gew.-% beträgt.The method according to the invention is preferably one in which the titer of the thermoplastic microfibers 0.1 to 0.3 dtex, the weight ratio of the microfibers to the hot water-soluble fibers 70: 30 to 50: 50% by weight, the weight per unit area of the nonwoven fabric 100 up to 500 g / m 2 and the ratio of the nonwoven to the viscoelastic substance before the removal of the hot water-soluble fibers is 35: 65 to 65: 35% by weight.
Besonders bevorzugt nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist, daß die thermoplastischen Fasern Splittfasern sind.It is particularly preferred according to the inventive method that the thermoplastic fibers are split fibers.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt, daß die Splittfasern aus Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyamid 6, Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyamid 6.6, Polyethylenterephthalat/Polypropylen oder Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyethylen bestehen.It is further preferred that the grit fibers are made of Polyethylene terephthalate / polyamide 6, polyethylene terephthalate / polyamide 6.6, Polyethylene terephthalate / polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate / polyethylene consist.
Vorzugsweise werden im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren heißwasserlösliche Fasern aus Polyvinylalkohol, Poly-ε-caprolacton, Carboxymethylcellulose oder Stärke verwendet.Hot water-soluble ones are preferably used in the process according to the invention Fibers made from polyvinyl alcohol, poly-ε-caprolactone, carboxymethyl cellulose or Starch used.
Die Verfestigung und Splittung des Faservlieses erfolgt vorzugsweise mit Hilfe von Hochdruckwasserstrahlen erfolgt.The nonwoven fabric is preferably consolidated and split with the aid of by high pressure water jets.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt, daß als Bindemittel eine wäßrige Polymer-Dispersion von Polyurethan, Nitril-Butadien-Kautschuk oder Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk verwendet wird.It is further preferred that an aqueous polymer dispersion is used as the binder of polyurethane, nitrile-butadiene rubber or styrene-butadiene rubber is used.
Vorzugsweise ist nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen, daß den thermoplastischen Fasern Füllstoffe wie Pigmente, Hydrophobierungs-, Hydrophilierungsmittel, Mittel zur Verminderung der Benetzbarkeit mit Alkoholen, Fetten und Ölen, Antistatika und/oder antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffen zugesetzt werden.It is preferably provided according to the inventive method that the thermoplastic fibers fillers such as pigments, water repellents, Hydrophilizing agents, agents for reducing the wettability with Alcohols, fats and oils, antistatic agents and / or antimicrobial agents be added.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß eine Nachbehandlung durch Buffen, Schleifen oder Schmiergeln erfolgt.In an advantageous embodiment of the method it is provided that a After-treatment is carried out by buffing, grinding or smear.
Besonders bevorzugt nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist, daß das Herauslösen der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern gleichzeitig mit einer Ausziehfärbung insbesondere in Autoklaven vorgenommen wird.It is particularly preferred according to the inventive method that the Removing the hot water soluble fibers at the same time Pull-out dyeing is carried out in particular in autoclaves.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist nicht nur einfach, d. h. es kommt mit weniger Verfahrensschritten aus, sondern es gestattet gleichzeitig eine kostengünstigere und umweltfreundlichere Herstellung des Syntheseleders. The method according to the invention is not only simple, i. H. it comes with fewer procedural steps, but allows one at the same time cheaper and more environmentally friendly production of the synthetic leather.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann auf den Einsatz von organischen Lösungsmitteln zum Freisetzen der Mikrofasern als auch zum Aufbringen der Bindemittelkoagulation verzichtet werden.The process according to the invention allows the use of organic Solvents for releasing the microfibers as well as for applying the Binder coagulation can be dispensed with.
Die erfindungsgemäße Herstellung eines synthetischen Leders erfolgt in der Weise, daß aus Endlosfasern, Stapelfaser oder Kurzschnittfasern mit Hilfe der bekannten Faser-Legetechniken ein Faserblatt hergestellt wird. Dieses Faserblatt besteht aus mindestens zwei Faserkomponenten, wobei es sich zumindest bei einer der Faserkomponenten um eine mit Hochdruckwasser strahlen splittbare Bikomponentenfaser handelt. Solche Splittfasern bestehen aus mindestens zwei thermoplastischen Polymerkomponenten, P1 und P2, die in abwechselnder Reihenfolge segmentförmig um die Faserachse angeordnet sind. Dabei sind sowohl zentrische als auch exzentrische Faserachsenanord nungen möglich. Die Anzahl der Segmente liegt zwischen 2 und 30, vorzugs weise jedoch zwischen 4 und 24. Der Gesamttiter dieser sogenannten Pie-Fa ser liegt zwischen 0,8 und 5,0, vorzugsweise zwischen 1,0 und 3,3 dtex. Erfin dungsgemäß sind auch andere geometrische Anordnungen der Faserpolymere P1 und P2 möglich unter der Voraussetzung, daß die Fasern unter starken mechanischen oder hydrodynamischen Kräften, wie z. B. einer Hochdruckwasserstrahl-Behandlung zumindest zu 80% in Mikrofasern auf gespalten werden. Als Polymerpaare P1 und P2 werden vorzugsweise solche eingesetzt, deren gemeinsame Grenzfläche keine hohen Adhäsionskräfte aufeinander ausüben. Bekannte P1/P2-Paare sind beispielsweise Po lyethylenterephthalat/Polyamid 6, Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyamid 6.6, Polyethylenterephthalat/Polypropylen und Polyethylenterephthalat/Polyethylen. Chemisch eng verwandte P1/P2-Paare wie beispielsweise Polypropylen und Polyethylen bzw. deren Copolymere, werden bekanntermaßen an ihren Grenzflächen mit Trennmitteln versehen, die die Splittbarkeit gewährleisten. Als Polymerkomponente P1 und/oder P2 können auch mit Metallocen katalysierte Polyolefine eingesetzt werden. Die Faserpolymerkomponenten P1 und P2 können spinngefärbt, weiß-pigmentiert oder mit Agentien versehen sein, die den Faserpolymerkomponenten hydrophile oder hydrophobe Eigenschaften oder eine verminderte Benetzbarkeit mit Alkohol, sonstigen organischen Flüssigkeiten, Fetten oder Ölen verleihen. Weiterhin können die Faserpolymerkomponenten mit Antistatika oder antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffen versetzt sein.The production of a synthetic leather according to the invention takes place in the Way that from continuous fibers, staple or short cut fibers with the help of known fiber laying techniques a fiber sheet is produced. This Fiberboard consists of at least two fiber components, whereby it is at least one of the fiber components is one with high pressure water radiation splittable bicomponent fiber. Such split fibers exist from at least two thermoplastic polymer components, P1 and P2, which arranged in alternating order in segments around the fiber axis are. Both centric and eccentric fiber axes are arranged possible. The number of segments is between 2 and 30, preferably however, between 4 and 24. The total titer of this so-called Pie-Fa ser is between 0.8 and 5.0, preferably between 1.0 and 3.3 dtex. Erfin Other geometrical arrangements of the fiber polymers are also in accordance with the invention P1 and P2 possible provided the fibers are under strong mechanical or hydrodynamic forces, e.g. B. one High pressure water jet treatment at least 80% in microfibers to be split. Preferred polymer pairs P1 and P2 are those used, their common interface no high adhesive forces exercise on each other. Known P1 / P2 pairs are, for example, Po polyethylene terephthalate / polyamide 6, polyethylene terephthalate / polyamide 6.6, Polyethylene terephthalate / polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate / polyethylene. Chemically closely related P1 / P2 pairs such as polypropylene and Polyethylene or its copolymers are known to be on their Provide interfaces with release agents to ensure that they can be split. As polymer component P1 and / or P2 can also with metallocene catalyzed polyolefins are used. The fiber polymer components P1 and P2 can be dyed, white-pigmented or provided with agents be the hydrophilic or hydrophobic to the fiber polymer components Properties or a reduced wettability with alcohol, other impart organic liquids, fats or oils. Furthermore, the Fiber polymer components with antistatic or antimicrobial agents be offset.
Erfindungsgemäß wird neben der Splittfasern zumindest noch eine zweite Faserkomponente eingesetzt, die entweder anteilig oder zu 100% aus einem heißwasserlöslichen Polymeren besteht, wobei der heißwasserlösliche Anteil im Vliesstoff 10 bis 70 Gew.-% beträgt. Im Sinne der Erfindung wird unter Heißwasserlöslichkeit der Faser eine Löslichkeit in Wasser unter den Bedingungen der Hochdruckwasserstrahl-Behandlung von unter 5% und eine Löslichkeit von mindestens 95% in Wasser mit einer Temperatur von ca. 98°C bzw. in Druckbehältern bei Temperaturen über 100°C verstanden. Heißwasserlösliche Fasern im Sinne der Erfindung sind also auch solche Fasern, die erst unter Druckbehandlung in einem Autoklaven in Lösung gehen bzw. soweit angequollen werden, daß sie unter diesen Bedingungen durch einen Waschvorgang zumindest zu 95% aus dem Vliesstoff entfernt werden. Bevorzugte heißwasserlösliche Fasern sind solche aus Polyvinylalkohol oder Poly-ε-caprolacton.According to the invention, in addition to the grit fibers, there is at least a second one Fiber component used, either proportionately or 100% from one hot water soluble polymers, the hot water soluble portion in the nonwoven fabric is 10 to 70% by weight. For the purposes of the invention Hot water solubility of the fiber is a solubility in water among the Conditions of high pressure water jet treatment less than 5% and one Solubility of at least 95% in water at a temperature of approx. 98 ° C or understood in pressure vessels at temperatures above 100 ° C. Hot water-soluble fibers in the sense of the invention are therefore also such Fibers that only dissolve under pressure in an autoclave or swollen to the extent that under these conditions a washing process at least 95% are removed from the nonwoven. Preferred hot water-soluble fibers are those made from polyvinyl alcohol or Poly-ε-caprolactone.
Der Vliesstoff kann neben den splittbaren- und heißwasserlöslichen Fasern noch weitere Fasern enthalten, jedoch sind Vliesstoffe aus den genannten beiden Fasertypen bevorzugt. Das Gewichts-Verhältnis von Splittfaser und heißwasserlöslicher Faser beträgt 90 : 10 bis 30 : 70, vorzugsweise 70 : 30 bis 50 : 50.In addition to the splittable and hot water soluble fibers, the nonwoven can still contain other fibers, but are nonwovens from the above preferred for both fiber types. The weight ratio of split fiber and hot water soluble fiber is 90: 10 to 30: 70, preferably 70: 30 to 50: 50.
Die heißwasserlösliche Faser kann in schwachvernetzter Form vorliegen. Als heißwasserlösliche Fasern können auch Fasern eingesetzt werden, die nur ein Überzug aus einem heißwasserlöslichen Polymer besitzen, d. h. die eine Kern- Mantel-Struktur aufweisen. Weiterhin sind Fasern mit einer side-by-side Struktur geeignet, die aus unterschiedlichen Polymeren bestehen, von denen nur eine heißwasserlöslich ist. Die Splittfaser besitzt erfindungsgemäß keinen heißwasserlöslichen Überzug. Die Einbringung der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern erfolgt statistisch entsprechend ihres Anteils z. B. durch Kardieren bzw. dem Airlaid-Verfahren oder der Ablegung auf einem Schrägsieb entsprechend der Fourdrinier-Methode. Im Falle von Splittfaser-Endlosfilamenten werden heißwasserlöslichen Fasern mit Hilfe eines Luftstroms seitlich in die aus der Spinndüsen austretenden und durch einen gerichteten Luftstrom abgeschreckten sowie verstreckten Endlosfilamente vor deren Ablage auf ein Siebband eingeblasen werden oder die Zugabe erfolgt aus einem separatem Spinnbalken. Die eingesetzten Splittfasern und heißwasserlöslichen Fasern besitzen vorzugsweise eine gekräuselte Struktur. Die zu einem Vliesstoff-Blatt abgelegten Fasern werden auf ein Entwässerungssieb überführt und einer Hochdruckwasserstrahl-Behandlung unterzogen. In einer ersten Stufe wird dabei mit niedrigem Wasserstrahldruck lediglich eine Verschlingung der Fasern zu einem hochreißfestem Vliesstoff bewirkt. Mit einem oder mehreren Hochdruckwasserstrahl-Balken erfolgt anschließend die Splittung der Splittfaser zu Mikrofasern mit Titern zwischen 0,05 und 1,0 dtex, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 0,3 dtex. Die Feinheit der freigesetzten Mikrofasern kann durch den Titer der Splittfaser im ungesplitteten Zustand und die Anzahl der Segmente eingestellt werden. Zur Verhinderung von Wasserstrahlgassen in dem Vliesstoff werden zumindest die letzten Wasserstrahlbalken in eine oszillierende Bewegung senkrecht zur Maschinenförderrichtung versetzt. Weiterhin können zur Verhinderung der Gassenbildung dichtere Siebe eingesetzt werden, die eine Reflektion und Streuung der auftretenden Wasserstrahlen bewirken und dadurch eine Verwischung der Wasserstrahlgassen zur Folge haben. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden Vliesstoffe mit einem Flächengewicht von 80 bis 1000 g/m2 vorzugsweise 100 bis 500 g/m2 erzeugt. Vorzugsweise wird das Vlies vor der hydrodynamischen Behandlung mechanisch zusätzlich vernadelt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird so geführt, daß nach der Splittung zu Mikrofasern max. 3 bis 5 Gew.-% der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern durch den Wasserstrahlvernadelungs- und Splittprozeß aus dem Vliesstoff herausgelöst werden. Der erhaltene verfestigte Vliesstoff wird getrocknet und in an sich bekannter Weise durch die Trocken-in-Naß-Auftragsmethode mit einer wäßrigen Bindemitteldispersion imprägniert. Der Auftrag kann durch Streichen, Pflatschen von einer Seite, oder durch Vollbadimprägnierung im Foulard erfolgen. Ein einseitiger Auftrag der Bindemitteldispersion kann durch Anlegen eines Vakuums auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Vliesstoffes gefördert werden. Der Bindemittel-Auftrag erfolgt im Verhältnis zum vorgefertigten Faservlies, d. h. vor dem Herauslösen der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern im Verhältnis von 25 : 75 bis 75 : 25 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 35 : 65 bis 65 : 35 Gew.-%. Als Bindemittel werden selbstvernetzende, reaktive Gruppen im Polymeren tragende oder mit Vernetzern versetzte Polymere eingesetzt. Bei der Wahl der Polymerendispersionen bzw. der Vernetzer, muß dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß die reaktiven Gruppen in den heißwasserlöslichen Fasern entweder unvernetzt bleiben bzw. daß der Vernetzungsgrad so niedrig gehalten wird, daß die Wasserlöslichkeit zur Entfernung des erfindungsgemäßen Anteils erhalten bleibt. Als Bindemittel im Sinne der Erfindung werden Polymerdispersionen aus Polyurethan, Nitril-Butadien-Kautschuk und/oder Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk eingesetzt. Keine Bindemittel im Sinne der Erfindung sind solche, die beim Buffen oder Schleifen mit Sandpapier oder auf keramischen Walzen schmieren. Dem Bindemittel können bekannte Stoffe, wie anorganische Weißpigmente, Farbpigmente, Griffmittelverbesserer, wie z. B. Silikone, Cellulosestaub, optische Aufheller, Antistatika, Bakteriostatika, zugesetzt werden. Nach der Bindemittel-Applikation wird der Vliesstoff getrocknet, wobei gegebenenfalls vorher eine Thermokoagulation und Vernetzung bzw. Vulkanisation erfolgt. Das erhaltene Syntheseleder wird vorteilhafterweise anschließend gebufft und vorgeschliffen. Die Entfernung der heißwasserlöslichen Fasern erfolgt entweder drucklos unter Kochwäsche- Bedingungen oder in einem Autoklaven bei Flottentemperaturen über 100°C. Dadurch wird die heißwasserlösliche Faser aus dem Mikrofaservliesstoff entfernt. Vorzugsweise kann das Herauslösen der heißwasserlöslich Faser auch mit einer Ausziehfärbung kombiniert werden, sofern ohnehin hohe Färbetemperaturen insbesondere in Autoklaven eingesetzt werden. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden extrem weiche, kernige Syntheseleder mit einer hervorragenden Haptik erhalten. Zur Verbesserung des Mikrofaser- Velours erfolgen vorzugsweise weitere Nachbehandlungsschritte, wie die Ausrüstung zur Griffverbesserung bzw. das Feinschleifen der Oberflächen.The hot water soluble fiber can be in a weakly cross-linked form. Fibers which only have a coating of a hot water-soluble polymer, ie which have a core-shell structure, can also be used as hot water-soluble fibers. Fibers with a side-by-side structure consisting of different polymers, only one of which is soluble in hot water, are also suitable. According to the invention, the grit fiber has no hot water-soluble coating. The introduction of the hot water-soluble fibers takes place statistically according to their share, for. B. by carding or the airlaid process or depositing on an inclined screen according to the Fourdrinier method. In the case of split fiber continuous filaments, hot water-soluble fibers are blown in laterally with the aid of an air stream into the continuous filaments emerging from the spinnerets and quenched and stretched by a directed air stream before they are deposited on a screen belt, or the addition is made from a separate spinning beam. The split fibers and hot water-soluble fibers used preferably have a crimped structure. The fibers laid down to form a nonwoven sheet are transferred to a dewatering screen and subjected to a high pressure water jet treatment. In a first stage, the fibers are only entangled with a low water jet pressure to form a highly tear-resistant nonwoven. The split fiber is then split into microfibers with titers between 0.05 and 1.0 dtex, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 dtex, using one or more high-pressure water jet beams. The fineness of the microfibers released can be adjusted by the titer of the split fiber in the unsplit state and the number of segments. To prevent water jet lanes in the nonwoven fabric, at least the last water jet beams are set into an oscillating movement perpendicular to the machine conveying direction. Furthermore, to prevent the formation of alleys, denser sieves can be used, which cause reflection and scattering of the water jets that occur and thereby result in blurring of the water jet alleys. Nonwovens with a basis weight of 80 to 1000 g / m 2, preferably 100 to 500 g / m 2, are produced by the process according to the invention. The fleece is preferably additionally mechanically needled before the hydrodynamic treatment. The inventive method is carried out so that after splitting to microfibers max. 3 to 5 wt .-% of the hot water-soluble fibers are removed from the nonwoven fabric by the water jet needling and splitting process. The solidified nonwoven fabric obtained is dried and impregnated in a manner known per se by the dry-in-wet application method with an aqueous binder dispersion. The application can be done by brushing, slapping from one side, or by impregnating a full bath in a foulard. A one-sided application of the binder dispersion can be promoted by applying a vacuum to the opposite side of the nonwoven. The binder is applied in relation to the prefabricated nonwoven, ie before the hot water-soluble fibers are removed in a ratio of 25: 75 to 75: 25% by weight, preferably 35: 65 to 65: 35% by weight. Self-crosslinking, reactive groups in the polymer or polymers with crosslinking agents are used as binders. When choosing the polymer dispersions or the crosslinking agents, care must be taken to ensure that the reactive groups in the hot water-soluble fibers either remain uncrosslinked or that the degree of crosslinking is kept so low that the water solubility for removing the portion according to the invention is retained. Polymer dispersions of polyurethane, nitrile-butadiene rubber and / or styrene-butadiene rubber are used as binders in the sense of the invention. No binders in the sense of the invention are those which smear with sandpaper or on ceramic rollers during buffing or grinding. Known substances, such as inorganic white pigments, color pigments, hand improvers, such as e.g. As silicones, cellulose dust, optical brighteners, antistatic agents, bacteriostatics, can be added. After application of the binder, the nonwoven fabric is dried, with thermocoagulation and crosslinking or vulcanization possibly taking place beforehand. The synthetic leather obtained is then advantageously buffed and sanded. The hot water-soluble fibers are removed either without pressure under hot wash conditions or in an autoclave at liquor temperatures above 100 ° C. This removes the hot water soluble fiber from the microfiber nonwoven. The removal of the hot water-soluble fiber can preferably also be combined with a pull-out dyeing, provided high dyeing temperatures are used in particular in autoclaves. The method according to the invention gives extremely soft, robust synthetic leather with an excellent feel. To improve the microfiber velor, further post-treatment steps are preferably carried out, such as the equipment for improving the grip or fine-grinding the surfaces.
Aus 80 Gewichtsteilen einer Polyester-Polyamidsplittfaser mit einem Titer von 2,2 dtex und einer Faserlänge von 51 mm sowie 20 Gewichtsteilen einer Polyvinylalkoholfaser mit einem Titer von 1,4 dtex und einer Faserlänge von 38 mm wird ein Faserflor hergestellt und dieser durch intensive Vernadelung verfestigt. Der so erhaltene Vliesstoff wird einer Hochdruckwasserstrahl- Behandlung unterzogen, bei der ca. 90% der Polyester-Polyamidfasern in Mikrofasern aufgespalten werden. Anschließend wird der Vliesstoff mit einem Bindemittel imprägniert, wobei dieses sich aus wässrigen Dispersionen zusammensetzt, die 70 Gewichtsteile Polyurethan, 20 Gewichtsteile Polyvinylalkohol, 5 Gewichtsteile Farbpigmente sowie als Rest Füllstoffe und Griffmittelverbesserer als Feststoffanteile enthalten. Nach der Trocknung des imprägnierten Vliesstoffes werden die Polyvinylalkoholfasern durch eine Koch- Wasch-Behandlung zu mehr als 95 Gewichtsprozent aus dem Vliesstoff entfernt. Das erhaltene synthetische Leder weist einen sehr runden Griff auf und kann durch Nachschleifen zu einem Material mit einer Nubukoptik verarbeitet werden.From 80 parts by weight of a polyester-polyamide split fiber with a titer of 2.2 dtex and a fiber length of 51 mm and 20 parts by weight of one Polyvinyl alcohol fiber with a titer of 1.4 dtex and a fiber length of 38 mm a fiber pile is produced and this by intensive needling solidified. The nonwoven fabric thus obtained is subjected to a high pressure water jet Subjected to treatment in which approx. 90% of the polyester-polyamide fibers in Microfibers are split. Then the nonwoven is covered with a Impregnated binder, which consists of aqueous dispersions composed of 70 parts by weight of polyurethane, 20 parts by weight Polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts by weight of color pigments and the rest fillers and Grip improvers included as solids. After drying the impregnated nonwoven, the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are Washing treatment to more than 95 percent by weight from the nonwoven away. The synthetic leather obtained has a very round handle and can be reground to a material with a nubuck look are processed.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19944441A DE19944441A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 1999-09-16 | Process for the production of a synthetic leather |
| CN00812899A CN1375025A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Method for production of synthetic leather |
| KR1020027003530A KR20020041440A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Method for production of synthetic leather |
| CA002385307A CA2385307A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Process for the manufacture of synthetic leather |
| BR0014045-7A BR0014045A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Process for producing synthetic leather |
| PCT/EP2000/009042 WO2001020072A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Method for production of synthetic leather |
| MXPA02002834A MXPA02002834A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Method for production of synthetic leather. |
| JP2001523436A JP2003509596A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Manufacturing method of synthetic leather |
| EP00966028A EP1216322A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2000-09-15 | Method for production of synthetic leather |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19944441A DE19944441A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 1999-09-16 | Process for the production of a synthetic leather |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19944441A1 true DE19944441A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
Family
ID=7922262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19944441A Withdrawn DE19944441A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 1999-09-16 | Process for the production of a synthetic leather |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1216322A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003509596A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20020041440A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1375025A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0014045A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2385307A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19944441A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02002834A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001020072A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200825244A (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-16 | San Fang Chemical Industry Co | Flexible artificial leather and its manufacturing method |
| DE102007049506B3 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-05-28 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Ground covering with viscoelastic damping properties |
| EP2251473A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-17 | Fiscagomma S.p.A. | Label |
| CN103003486B (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2014-11-19 | 拜耳材料科技股份有限公司 | Process for the coating of textiles |
| CN103981730B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-12-09 | 安安(中国)有限公司 | A kind of footwear moisture permeability superfine fiber chemical leather and manufacture method thereof |
| EP3845704B1 (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-07-19 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Artificial leather base material, method for production thereof, and napped artificial leather |
| CN114438666A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-06 | 山东道恩斯维特科技有限公司 | Method for producing bicomponent spun-bonded nonwoven fabric |
| KR20250033561A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2025-03-10 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | Nicotine pouch and manufacturing method for the same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2951307A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-02 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | SUEDE-LIKE AREA |
| US4390566A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1983-06-28 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Method of producing soft sheet |
| EP0090397A2 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-05 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Ultrafine fiber entangled sheet and method of producing the same |
| JPH0578986A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1993-03-30 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Nubuck-tone artificial leather |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5590684A (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-07-09 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Production of flexible artificial leather |
| JPS63243372A (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1988-10-11 | 株式会社クラレ | Production of high density fiber sheet |
-
1999
- 1999-09-16 DE DE19944441A patent/DE19944441A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-09-15 CA CA002385307A patent/CA2385307A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-15 MX MXPA02002834A patent/MXPA02002834A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-15 CN CN00812899A patent/CN1375025A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-15 EP EP00966028A patent/EP1216322A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-15 BR BR0014045-7A patent/BR0014045A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-15 WO PCT/EP2000/009042 patent/WO2001020072A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-09-15 JP JP2001523436A patent/JP2003509596A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-15 KR KR1020027003530A patent/KR20020041440A/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2951307A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-02 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | SUEDE-LIKE AREA |
| US4390566A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1983-06-28 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Method of producing soft sheet |
| EP0090397A2 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-05 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Ultrafine fiber entangled sheet and method of producing the same |
| JPH0578986A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1993-03-30 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Nubuck-tone artificial leather |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0014045A (en) | 2002-05-21 |
| JP2003509596A (en) | 2003-03-11 |
| WO2001020072A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
| KR20020041440A (en) | 2002-06-01 |
| CN1375025A (en) | 2002-10-16 |
| CA2385307A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
| MXPA02002834A (en) | 2004-07-27 |
| EP1216322A1 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
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