DE2060849A1 - Detergent for cleaning and softening at the same time - Google Patents

Description

Detergent for cleaning and softening at the same time

The invention relates to a detergent with which one Can clean and soften natural and synthetic fiber products at the same time.

When washing fabrics, one not only wants to remove the dirt, but also the finished product with a soft touch and to leave resistance to electrostatic charge. These last two -under the term "Soft Mac stove" summarized effects are generally achieved by that the goods are subjected to a so-called "fabric conditioner" after washing and before drying. Here have as the most powerful and successful those fabric softeners proven to contain quaternary ammonium compounds of long-chain fatty acids as the main constituent, while those for Non-ionic or non-ionic detergents used for cleaning have anionic surface-active substances as the main active ingredient. So you do washing and softening one after the other in two baths and using different active materials.

There are already many approaches to formulating a single bath composition been made with the in a one-step measure

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POSTAL CENTER: 8 Munich 90, EduarciSehmid-Str. 2

at the same time good washing and good softening could be achieved.

In general, the commonly used cationic detergents are not compatible with anionic surfactants, because they form inactive, insoluble stoichiometric complexes with them. You can do these complexes through it To make it soluble, one of the two components is added in excess, but one obtains with the exception of certain special cases Solutions that are clear, but depending on which component predominates, either only detergent or only softening effect, but not both together, show. In addition, the commonly used cationic plasticizers form No insoluble complexes with nonionic, cleaning surface-active substances, but they interfere with one another Effect, As a result, with a high proportion of non-ionic to cationic substances, the substances are only cleaned but not softened, if the ratio of both is too low only softened, but not cleaned, and if the ratio is medium both detergency and softening performance are unacceptably poor.

The invention now creates a cleaning and softening effect at the same time active detergent, the characteristic ßspecialty of which is that it consists of a mixture of a nonionic, cleaning surface-active substance, a cationic softening agent and a water-soluble, surface-active salt of a carboxylic acid, the Amount of plasticizing agent 2 to 30 percent by weight of the non-ionic substance and the amount of Carbons äuresalze.s 20 to 80 percent by weight of the plasticizer. This three-component system gives a satisfactory cleaning and softening effect in the single bath treatment of fabrics, either natural fibers such as cotton or wool, synthetic fibers such as rayon, acetate silk, polyamide, polyester or acrylic resin

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or contain mixtures of such natural and / or synthetic fibers,

A wide variety of types are available for the selection of the nonionic detergent surfactant. The important hydrophobic group of the agent can be of natural fat origin, in which case it then contains a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group with 8 to 24 and preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Instead, it can also be of petrochemical origin, namely of the alkyl aromatic or non-aromatic type. Other less widely used hydrophobic groups, such as those derived from rosin, terpenes or wool fat, can also form the hydrophobic portion of the "non-ionic" cleaning surfactant according to the invention. The hydrophilic group of the surfactant can, for example, also be a polyoxyethylene group of 6 to 40 and even more Qxyäthyleneinheit or a group with 2 or more hydroxyl radicals, for example a sugar or sugar alcohol group, or a di- or polyalkanolamine group or, as in the case of a polyglycidol or ethoxylated sugar alcohol group, containing both Qxyäthylen- and hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, the hydrophilic group can also have a plurality of carboxylic acid ester groups. The non-ionic surface-active substances which can be used as constituents of the detergents according to the invention include, for example; A.

Non-ethylene glycol mono-nonylphenyl ether,

Deeaethylene glycol mono- or diisooctyl

pheny lather,

Dec Ethylene glycol monolauric acid ester,

Hexadecaethylene glycol monooleic acid ester,

oxethylated sorbitan monolaurate,

Lauric acid lethanolamide,

ethoxylated palmitic acid lathanolamide,

sec-tetradecanol glycol monoether,

Cetyl alcohol polyglycol monoether,

Myrist »l-2 _i 3-dihydroxypropylamine and

Polyglycolic acid myristyl monoglyceride,

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As a cationic plasticizer or surfactant Agent can be any quaternary or non-quaternary nitrogen compound which is known to have a softening effect on natural or synthetic fibers. These Compounds generally contain at least one long chain alkyl group of 12 to 24 carbon atoms in one cationic group with a single nitrogen atom. The general structural formula for one type of such cationic Plasticizer reads

+ a
R-N'-b. X ~

In it, X denotes a solubilizing anion, such as chloride, bromide, sulfate (with, of course, two assigned cations) or the like, R a straight-chain alkyl group with 16 to 24 carbon atoms, a and b either individually a lower alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms but also together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring which may also contain oxygen, and c either also a lower alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which can also be hydroxylated or alkoxylated or an aralkyl group such as benzyl. Examples of cationic plasticizers in this category are

Stearyl-dimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, Stearyl morpholinium methosulfate, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, Behenyl diethylmethyl ammonium chloride and stearyl pyridinium bromide.

Another type of useful plasticizer corresponds to the general formula

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in which a, b and χ have the same meaning as in the preceding formula and R ₁ and R _{2 are} straight-chain alkyl groups having 12 to 24 carbon atoms which are identical or different from one another. Typical representatives of this type of soft mowing agent are the compounds

Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Stearylcetyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride, distearyl-ethylmethyl-ammonium chloride and Distearyl ethylmethyl ammonium methosulfate.

A third type of plasticizer which can also be used according to the invention is given by the general formula

R _x - C = N - CH * X "N-CH ₂

³ CH ₂ CH ₂ - NH - C - R ₄

shown in the R-, and R ₁ . as mutually identical or unequal straight-chain alkyl groups with 11 to 23 carbon atoms. In a product of this type currently in use, the R ^ and R ^ groups are derived from hydrogenated tallow and each contain 15 to 17 carbon atoms.

The water-soluble carboxylic acid salts which can be used according to the invention include the salts of naturally occurring fatty acids with 12 to 24 carbon atoms, the non-hydrogenated and hydrogenated rosin acids obtained by oxidation or Carboxylation of petroleum hydrocarbons produced carboxylic acids with 12 to 24 carbon atoms, oarboxylated alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons or other carboxylic acids whose alkali metal salts contain at least 12 carbon atoms, are surface-active and have a cleaning effect in aqueous solution demonstrate. In addition to the carboxyl groups, carbon and hydrogen, these carboxylic acids can also contain nitrogen

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2060S49

substance, sulfur or oxygen contained in the compound radical, which is between the carboxyl group and the hydrophobic Group of the molecule is located. In addition to the alkali metals, one can also use the corresponding ammonium and amine salts, especially the lower alkanolamine salts. Typical representatives of such compounds are, for example the

Laurylcarboxymethyl thioether sodium salt, glycolic acid myristyl ether sodium salt and N-LauroyIsarcosine Sodium Salt.

All soluble salts of such carboxylic acids with interfacial activity are referred to herein as "soaps" for short. Sodium laurate, triethanolamine and Similar soaps of naturally occurring fatty acids have been shown to be.

The relative proportions in which these three main components, the short alö the non-ionic, the cationic and the soap content are referred to in the inventive Detergents are of great importance. As is to be expected, the most favorable ratios vary accordingly the chemical composition of the individual components; contain powerful compositions according to the invention but for every 100 parts by weight of the nonionic component, 2 to 30 parts of the cationic component and 1 to 20 parts of the soap component,

The amount of the cationic moiety is desirably 2 to 30, and preferably 5 to 25 percent by weight of the nonionic Proportion and the amount of soap present 20 to 80 and preferably 20 to βθ percent by weight of the cationic Proportion.

The three components can be used to create the inventive Detergents are dry blended, but must be dissolved in water for effective use. Depending on nature

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of its respective constituents, the detergent can be made available either in the form of dry powder, flakes or tablets or in the form of a non-aqueous liquid or solution or in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution or paste or suspension. The order is not important when mixing the ingredients together. Neither does the detergent concentration in the practically utilized aqueous solution have to be precisely determined; rather, it can vary widely. Usually, even in very soft water, the concentration of the detergent must be at least 0.02 percent by weight and is preferably at least 0.05 %. There is no upper limit to the concentration, but it usually means more than 0.4% Waste and requires excessive rinsing; in most cases no more than 0.2 percent by weight is needed. The detergent mixtures dissolve easily in water and do not form any precipitates when they are diluted during rinsing.

In addition to the three components according to the invention, this can new detergents also other common washing additives, e.g. detergents ("builders") such as condensed phosphates, borates, silicates and carbonates, organic sequestering agents (sequestering agents), extenders such as sodium sulfate, fluorescent Bleaching agents, matting (camouflage) preventers, corrosion protection agents such as sodium silicate, heel (redeposition) preventers, Contain dyes and perfumes and the like.

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of some exemplary embodiments explained in more detail without being limited to them.

example 1

First, a basic approach made of 100 parts by weight of lauric acid diethanolamide ^ as a nonionic surface-active

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ver substance and 10 parts by weight of distearyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride as a cationic plasticizer, which one carefully mixed in powder form »of which, as explained below, was used to make a control solution, 5 * 0 were carefully mixed into two further portions or 7.5 percent by weight sodium laurate soap powder. Each of these three partial approaches became a ©, 1 dissolved wt .- ^ igen solution, which is also 0.2 percent by weight sodium tripolyphosphate as a detergent, 0.02 percent by weight sodium silicate as a corrosion inhibitor and 0.004 percent by weight sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as Agent against renewed dirt deposits added. These three total solutions were then on the one hand with respect to their dirt removal and cleaning ability with a standard high-performance household laundry detergent and on the other hand with regard to their softening power with a standard softening detergent of trade compared.

The cleaning capacity was tested in such a way that five 8.9 χ 11.4 cm pieces of standard soiled cloth (EMPA) were placed under the same conditions in a laboratory stirred-type washing instrument (of the "Terg-O-Tometer" type) Wusöh for 10 minutes with a solution at 50 ° C., for the preparation of which tap water with a hardness of about 120 ppm was used. The samples were measured for optical reflectivity before and after washing. Compared to the standard household laundry detergent, the detergency of the soap-free solution was poor and that of the other two solutions was good or excellent.

The softening capacity was determined using the same procedure, however checked with unpolluted cotton pieces. Their softness was compared by a panel of examiners with the softness of samples washed with a commercial detergent and with a plasticizer that is also commercially available detergent had been rinsed. The first, soapy

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free solution as excellent and the second and third solutions rated as acceptable.

Example 2

Example 1 was repeated with the modification that in the The basic approach is twice the amount, i.e. 20 parts by weight of distearyl dirnethyl ammonium chloride entered and his half got mixed with 12.5 percent by weight sodium laurate soap. The soap-free solution again showed poor detergency along with excellent softening power, while the according to the invention, that is to say soap-containing solution, acceptable cleaning power in addition to having good plasticizing power.

Example 3

The basic approach this time consisted of a mixture of 100 parts by weight of nonionic, surface-active substance in the form of an ethoxylated aliphatic C _lc - ~ sec-iU.alcohol with

9 oxyethylene units (commercial product "Tergitol ^ 15-S-9") and

10 parts by weight of distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. This batch was divided into four portions, one of which remained soap-free, while the other three were admixed with 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 percent by weight, respectively, of sodium myristate soap. These four portions were processed into solutions according to the recipe given in Example 1 with additives and water and, as in Example 1, evaluated for detergency and softening power. The soap-free sample had poor detergency and excellent softening power. The 3.5 # soap serving had acceptable detergency and good softening power. The 5 % soap portion had both properties good and the 6.5 % soap portion finally showed good detergency and acceptable softening performance.

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Example 4

Example 5 was repeated with the modifications that the Basic approach contained twice the amount, i.e. 20 parts of cationic substance and was divided into two portions, of one of which was mixed with 7> 5 percent by weight sodium myristate soap and the other remained soap-free. The soapy one Sample was for detergency and also softening power acceptable, while the soap-free sample showed poor detergency,

Example 5

The basic approach consisted of a mixture of 100 parts by weight of nonionic surface-active substance in the form of an oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester (commercial product "Renex 20") and 10 parts by weight of distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Different portions of this batch were mixed with 2.5, 5 * 0 or 10 % sodium myristate soap and, as in Example 1, evaluated for detergency and softening properties on the basis of their solutions. Both properties were found to be acceptable in all soap-based approaches.

Example 6

The basic approach was created by mixing 100 parts by weight of lauric acid diethanolamide and 20 parts by weight of 1-methyl-lacylamidoethyl-2-alkylimidazolinium methosulfate, whose alkyl groups were derived from hydrogenated sebum (hand product "Varisoft ^ 75). This approach was added a little at a time with 1.5 resp. 5.0 or 9 * 0 percent by weight diethanolamine cocoate soap mixed, brought into solution and according to example 1 on dirt removal and softening power evaluated. Both properties proved proved to be acceptable for all soap-based approaches.

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Example 7

Example 6 was repeated with the modification that the fabric samples consisted not of cotton but of polyester fabric and instead of evaluating the softening capacity on the basis of the handle, the antistatic properties of the washed samples were evaluated by measuring their electrical surface resistance - in accordance with ASTM D257-6l- It was found that the 1.5 % and 5% soap-containing formulations were acceptable both with regard to detergency and anti-static properties, M

Example 8

The basic approach consisted of a mixture of 100 parts by weight Lauric acid ^ diethanolamide and 10 parts of bistearyl-dimethylU ammonium chloride. It was divided into two portions, by those of one 7 * 5 and the other 12.0 percent by weight Di · » Ethanolamine Qoat soap was added. Every serving was without adding any other auxiliaries in water to 0.1% solution dissolved, and these solutions were determined according to Example 7 on polyester fabric samples for detergency and antistatic properties evaluated that were acceptable with both approaches,

Example 9 ■

Example 6 was repeated with the modifications that the basic batch used half the amount, ie 10 parts by weight of the cationic Substance contained and was divided into only two portions, to which 2.0 and 5 * 0 percent by weight diethanolamine laurate soap and no other auxiliaries have been added. The evaluation was carried out as in Example 8 and resulted in both batch solutions acceptable washing and anti-static properties,

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Example 10

The basic approach consisted of a mixture of 100 parts by weight of lauric acid diethanolamide and 10 parts of stearyl-dimethylbenzyl-aramoniumchlorld (commercial product "Triton ^ Χ-4Ό0"). Two portions of it were mixed with 2.5 and 5.0 percent by weight, respectively, of sodium cocoate soap, brought into solution and tested as in Example 7. Both soap-containing approaches had acceptable detergency and anti-static properties.

Example 11

Example 10 was repeated with the modification that the basic batch contained twice the amount, ie 20 parts by weight of cationic substance and 10 % sodium cocoate soap was added to only one sample. In the test according to Example J, his solution showed good washing and antistatic properties.

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Claims (10)

The Gillette Company Boston, Mass ", V.St..A" Claims 1. Detergent that has a cleaning and softening effect at the same time, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of a nonionic, cleaning surface-active Substance, a cationic softening agent and a water-soluble surfactant salt of a carboxylic acid consists, the amount of plasticizing agent 2 to JO Percentage by weight of the non-ionic substance and the amount of the carboxylic acid salt, 20 to 80 percent by weight of the plasticizer amounts to. 2. Detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that its nonionic agent has a polyoxyethylene group Contains 6 to 40 oxyethylene units. 3. Detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that its nonionic agent contains two or more hydroxyl groups. 4. Detergent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that its cationic sanitizing agent a cation of the general structure R-N -b · "So comprises, in which R is a straight-chain alkyl group with 1β to 24 carbon atoms means and a and b each one for themselves - 14 10 9 8 2 6/17 8 5 Alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms represent or together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring and c a lower alkyl group, a hydroxylated one Means lower alkyl group, an alkoxylated lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group. 5. Detergent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its cationic softening agent a cation of the general structure comprises, in which R ₁ and R ₂ each represent a straight-chain alkyl group with 12 to 2Ά carbon atoms and a and b either each represent an alkyl group with 1 to j5 carbon atoms or together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring. 6. Detergent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its cationic softening agent a cation of the general structure N-CH ₂ -N- CH ₂ - NHC OR comprises, in which R, and R ^ each have a straight-chain alkyl group with 11 to 23 carbon atoms means - 15 - 109826/1785 ' ^Γ '"■■" ■ '? Ί ΐίίΙΙί ί ϊ? ΙΓΊΐΙ ¹¹ ! " ¹ » ¹ ! - 15 - 7. Detergent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carboxylic acid salt is from a soap a fatty acid with 12 to 24 carbon atoms. 8. Detergent according to claim ¹ J _3, characterized in that its non-ionic agent consists of lauric acid diethanolamide. 9. Detergent according to claim 8, characterized in that the amount of softener is 5 to 25 percent by weight Lauric acid diethanolamide and the amount of soap is 20 to 6o percent by weight of the softener. 10 9826/1785